| 释义 |
suburbn. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French suburbr; Latin suburbium. Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman suburb, (rare) subarbe, subburbe, Anglo-Norman and Middle French suburbe area or districts lying immediately outside the walls of a town or city (c1215 in Old French; plural suburbes ), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin suburbium (plural suburbia , in post-classical Latin also suburbii (12th cent.)) country close to a city < sub- sub- prefix + urbs city (see urban adj.) + -ium (see -y suffix4). Compare Franco-Occitan suburbie (c1180), Spanish suburbio (a1396).In β. forms apparently reflecting an (unattested) Anglo-Norman form showing suth , south , southe , variants of suz , souz under (see sub- prefix), perhaps reinforced by folk-etymological association with south adj. Compare discussion of similar cases at south-bailie n. 1. a. The area immediately outside a town or city; the area belonging to a town or city that lies immediately outside its walls or boundaries. Now: the outlying parts of a city (either beyond or just within the city boundaries), typically residential in nature; the parts of a city outside the commercial and civic centre. In modern use often depreciative, implying a homogeneity, monotony, and dull ordinariness within such areas; cf. 'burb n., suburbia n.garden, outer suburb: see the first element.society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town or city > part of town or city > [noun] > suburb > collectively c1350 Psalter (BL Add. 17376) in K. D. Bülbring (1891) 188 Her uines is of þe uine of Sode-mens & of þe suburbes [a1382 E.V. Deut. xxxii. 32 subaarbis; L. suburbanis] of Gomorre. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xiv. xii. 702 Sichem þat was a cite of socour wiþ subarbes [1535 Subardes, 1582 suburbes] þerof in mounte Effraym. c1405 (c1395) G. Chaucer (Ellesmere) (1875) G. §3. l. 657 In the suburbes of a toun..Lurkynge in hernes and in lanes blynde. c1450 (c1425) (Cambr. Kk.1.12) 353 Euery strete & lane yn London & yn þe sowthbarbez. c1460 in A. Clark (1907) 6 (MED) The church of Seynte Marye Mawdeleyne..is i-sett in the subarbis of oxonforde. 1523 c. 3 §5 Withyn either of the said Townes of Lyn and Great Yarmouth or Suburbes of the same. 1541 in (1834) III. 322 The late suppressed house of Blak Friers in the southe barbis of the said citie. 1593 T. Nashe f. 77 London, what are thy Suburbes but licensed Stewes? 1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher v. iii. 70 Theres a trim rabble let in: are all these Your faithfull friends o' th' Suburbs ? View more context for this quotation 1660 (new ed.) 501 That part of the Suburbs of London, commonly called Covent-Garden. a1720 W. Sewel (1795) II. vii. 2 At London, and in the suburbs. 1773 R. Graves II. v. i. 1 The two pilgrims were now come into the suburbs of Bath. 1845 S. Austin tr. L. von Ranke III. 223 They..had resolved to burn the suburbs, in order to preserve the city within the walls. 1875 A. Helps iv. 59 How this ugly lot of suburbs would join with that ugly lot, and that there would soon be one continuous street. 1941 P. Hamilton 140 He never knew where exactly they landed up, but it was somewhere in the suburbs—Chiswick or Acton or somewhere like that. 1962 H. Hood 177 All over the suburbs in duplexes and fourplexes, families would be enjoying cold suppers in the open air on their balconies. 1996 3 June 40/1 His background, he told us, was the best that money could buy. Good schools, a mansion in the suburbs, a condo in the mountains and a sports car in the garage. 1395 in F. J. Furnivall (1882) 9 In the parosch of seynt sepulcre in the suburbe of london. (Harl. 221) 482 Suburbe, of a cyte or wallyd towne [a1500 King's Cambr. suburb or sowthbarbys of cyte], suburbium, suburbanum. 1539 Lev. xxv. f. l/2 But the felde of the suburbe that is besyde their cities maye not be solde. 1567 G. Fenton tr. M. Bandello f. 11 He had desier to enlarge his demayne in the subberbe with a pece of his possession adioynynge. 1623 tr. A. Favyn ii. xiii. 265 A strong Citie for Warre, without Suburb, not batter-able. 1691 A. Wood I. 9 He was sent to Gloucester College, in the Suburb of Oxon. 1813 J. Playfair V. 280 A castle, with suburbs. It extends along the banks of a river, and is bounded on three sides by gardens and groves. 1932 S. P. B. Mais xv. 319 Each great, gray farm was surrounded by a suburb of round ricks and out-houses. 1991 S. Kadri 193 It never grew into a normal town... Its cobbles and courtyards are a silent suburb of the castle that many visitors never see. 2. In extended use. Usually in plural, with of. the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > [noun] > part near the edges or borders c1384 (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Ezek. xlv. 2 On eche part it shal be halewid in fyue hundrid by fyue hundrid, four maner by cumpas, and in fifti cubitis in to the suburbis [L. suburbana] therof bi cumpas. 1567 G. Fenton tr. M. Bandello f. 57 He ymagined thus to be at the point to arriue in the subburb of his paradise. 1601 A. Dent 337 Ill company is the suburbs of hell. 1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta iii. iv. 128 They come to the Ilands of Guadelupe Dominique,..and the rest, which..be as it were, the suburbs of the Indies. 1655 T. Fuller vi. 285 The Kitchin..with the Larder and Pantrey the necessary suburbs thereof. 1667 J. Milton i. 773 [Bees] Flie to and fro, or on the smoothed Plank, The suburb of thir Straw-built Cittadel,..confer Thir State affairs. View more context for this quotation 1703 W. Burkitt Luke xxiii. 42 Even then, when he is in the Suburbs of Hell will he Blaspheme. 1774 F. Asbury 28 Nov. (1821) I. 133 I do not sufficiently love God, nor live by faith in the suburbs of heaven. 1860 J. Amphlett xii. 87 We walked through the suburbs of the house and came to the front. 1937 R. Lynd in 28 Aug. 304/1 To send the ball for six into the pavilion or some other part of the suburbs of the ground. 1992 13 Feb. 38/2 Twentieth-century astronomers found that the sun is merely a resident in the suburbs of the Milky Way galaxy. the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > [noun] > part near the edges or borders > of immaterial things 1568 L. Evans f. 4v Why seeke we to defend with eloquence, with wit, with subtiltie, the suburbes of iniquitie. 1599 T. Nashe 22 The vaward or subburbes of my narration. 1642 D. Rogers 363 They would never come within the condition or suburbes of mercy. 1650 Bp. J. Taylor ii. §6. 142 When our fortunes are violently chang'd, our spirits are unchang'd, if they alwayes stood in the Suburbs and expectation of sorrowes. 1656 T. Fuller 2 Lent is a season for sorrow, this Week is the suburbs of Lent. 1701 J. Pomfret 5 The Vices common to her Sex can find No Room, e'en in the Suburbs of her Mind. 1796 T. J. Mathias 65 When Philosopher Hume..set up..a kind of slop-shop of morality in the suburbs of Atheism. 1849 H. W. Longfellow Resignation in 52 This life of mortal breath Is but a suburb of the life elysian. 1856 T. De Quincey Confessions Eng. Opium-eater (rev. ed.) in V. 87 In summer, in the immediate suburbs of midsummer. 1863 C. C. Clarke xvii. 445 Silence is an embryo of a man,..a man dwelling in the suburbs of sense. 1912 J. H. Jowett iii. 81 The broader conception of the preacher's mission sometimes tends to lure him away to the circumference and suburbs of life. 1990 Oct. 136/3 He was now grid-locked in the outer suburbs of youth. the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > parts of clothing > [noun] > border or hem a1658 J. Cleveland (1687) 326 The Suburbs of my Jacket are so gone, I have not left a Skirt to sit upon. 3. A district or community that lies just beyond or just within the boundaries of a city, now typically residential in nature; a distinct part of the suburbs (see sense 1a). Originally with reference to those districts immediately adjacent to a walled city. Later extended to apply to any district lying outside a city's commercial and civic centre. In modern North American usage used to refer to a residential district lying just beyond the boundaries or limits of a city, typically within commuting distance of the city centre.society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town or city > part of town or city > [noun] > suburb a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 415 He fliȝ foure myle fro þe citee, and slowȝ hym self in a subarbe [L. suburbano] of his bondeman. 1447 in W. G. Benham (1907) 185 Kyng Herry..hath graunted..that tho..Bailiffs..be justices of the pees in the said toun, liberte, suburb, precincte of the same. a1500 (c1445) J. Lydgate Miracles St. Edmund l. 394 in C. Horstmann (1881) 2nd Ser. 445 Not ferre out of the toun In a subarbe callyd Rysbygate. a1552 J. Leland (1711) II. 21 Newton Water and Avon ren so nere togither in the botom of the West Suburbe at Malmesbyri. 1591 A. Colynet v. 323 The said poole dooth compasse almost two parts of the towne, to wit, from the suburb Saint Leonard, to the suburb of Saint Thomas. 1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus 44 Tibur which is now but a suburb, and Præneste but our summer-recreation. 1665 T. Manley tr. H. Grotius 955 Suddenly a suburb beyond the River, that might have been defended, was quitted. 1727 D. Defoe III. iii. 34 This Street is call'd the Cannon-gate,..which Part, tho' a Suburb, is a Kind of Corporation by itself, as Westminster to London. 1760 Apr. 167 The scene looked upon the castle-hill; the Cynosarges, a suburb of Athens, was behind it. 1842 XXIII. 219/2 South-Town and Gorleston..are suburbs of Yarmouth. 1869 E. A. Freeman (1877) III. xii. 109 The monks of Saint Stephen already dwelt in their suburb beyond the walls of Caen. 1913 20 June 7/7 The people of Clapham, or Cricklewood, or Clapton, or any other suburb. 1929 7 Sept. 4 The Township of Sophiatown, one of the suburbs of the City of Johannesburg. 1997 (Nexis) 19 Nov. a18/2 Henderson is a suburb of Las Vegas, Chandler is a suburb of Phoenix. society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town or city > part of town or city > [noun] > suburb 1568 tr. sig. Aiiijv We came to the suburbes of S. German in the fieldes nigh to Paris. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden i. 810 The suburbs of Gateshead, which is conioined to New-castle. a1660 J. Evelyn anno 1645 (1955) II. 292 I went to the Ghetto, where the Jewes dwell, as in a suburbs by themselves. 1748 (ed. 4) III. 213 The Market-Place and St. Nicolas's Church, from whence, for a good Way, shoots out a Suburbs to the North-east,..and each Suburbs has its particular Church. 1769 W. Anderson II. iv. ii. 34 The prince of Conde, resolute upon striking some intimidating stroke before he retired, prepared for attacking the suburbs of St. Victor. 1831 tr. C. Malte-Brun VIII. cxlvi. 440 Limay, which may be said to be a suburbs of Mantes. 1980 Mar. 19/1 After growing up as a clever poor boy in a suburbs of Dublin he spent fourteen years as clerk with the Land Commission before cutting loose. Compounds C1. General attributive. In some quots. passing into adjectival use.a1593 C. Marlowe tr. Lucan (1600) 569 Those that inhabited the suburbe fieldes Fled [L. quique colunt iunctos extremis moenibus agros diffugiunt]. 1606 sig. I Heares queanes maintaind in euery suburb streete. 1680 T. Otway Prol. sig. A4v The harmless life Of Suburb Virgin, or of City Wife. a1721 M. Prior (1723) 424 Hear thy dirty Off-spring Squall From Bottles on a Suburb-Wall. 1776 G. Colman sig. av There are also frequent allusions to the short excursions and suburb villa of our citizens. 1811 W. Scott xxxix. 39 The spark, that, from a suburb hovel's hearth Ascending, wraps some capital in flame. 1820 J. Keats Lamia ii, in 28 From the slope side of a suburb hill. 1883 Oct. 821/1 The houses..grow up stories higher—villas—suburb houses. 1934 6 Jan. 11/7 (advt.) One of the best suburb shops in city. 2006 S. Simm v. 79 Avoiding the shopping centres, she opted rather to walk the suburb streets. 1646 in C. J. Hoadly (1857) 3 Nov. 276 Wch 2 acr. is 8 rodd in breadth & in length runneth crosse from the high-way betweene the suburbs quarter & Mr. Lambertons quarter. 1662 B. Gerbier 19 The Windows on the London and Suburbs Houses. society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > [adjective] 1598 J. Marston iii. x. sig. H6v Tis he that hath the sole monopolie By patent, of the Suburbe lecherie. 1616 B. Jonson Every Man in his Humor (rev. ed.) i. iii, in I. 13 If I can but hold him vp to his height,..it will doe well for a suburbe-humor. 1633 S. Marmion G 2 There's a wench that has her Suburb trickes about her, I warrant. 1649 J. Milton Pref. sig. B4v Dissolute swordmen and Suburb roysters. 1665 C. Cotton 129 Some durty Suburb drab. 1732 J. Swift in (1751) 210 The Wits, the Raillers, the smart Fellows, and Critics; all as illiterate and impudent as a suburb Whore. C3. society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > pope > offices or officials > [adjective] > diocese 1813 1 Mar. 131/2 The six suburb Bishopricks shall be re-established. the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Hymenoptera > [noun] > suborder Apocrita, Petiolata, or Heterophaga > group Aculeata (stinging) > superfamily Apoidea (bees) > propolis or bee-glue 1657 S. Purchas 158 Propolis is as much as suburbe dross, with which the Bees fasten the skirts of the Hive to the board. 1608 T. Dekker sig. H1 Belzebub..knowes, that these Suburb sinners haue no landes to liue vpon but their legges. a1668 W. Davenant News from Plimouth iii, in (1673) 14/1 You look in this light habit Like one of the Suburb-Sinners. 2009 C. Dickason (2010) xliv. 264 ‘Bankside,’ she said flatly. ‘Welcome to the company of other suburb sinners. I fear you'll most likely learn more here than you wish.’ This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.c1350 |
