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单词 succour
释义

succourn.

Brit. /ˈsʌkə/, U.S. /ˈsəkər/
Forms: α. Middle English sucurs, sukurs, Middle English socurs, socourse, Scottish succouris, Middle English socoures, Middle English–1500s socours, Scottish succourss, Middle English socors, socouris, Middle English, 1600s secours, 1500s souc(c)oures, Scottish succurss, succurris, 1500s–1600s succors, succours, 1600s succourse. β. Middle English socur, Middle English–1500s socour, Middle English succure, sukour, soker, Middle English sokour, socure, Middle English, 1500s succur, Middle English–1500s socoure, Middle English soucour, socor, socowre, sokoure, Middle English–1500s sucour, 1500s suc(c)oure, socowr, Scottish suckyr, 1500s–1600s sucker, 1700s souccour, 1500s– (now U.S.) succor, Middle English– succour.
Etymology: Middle English sucurs , socurs , socours , etc., < Old French (Anglo-Norman) sucurs, soc(c)ours, etc. (modern French secours ) = Italian soccorso < medieval Latin succursus , noun of action < succurrĕre to succour v. The final -s was at an early date apprehended as the plural suffix and a new singular (succour) came into existence, the plural of which is identical with the old singular. German succurs (from Old French) is used in the military sense, and Middle Dutch secors, socoers, in the general sense.
1.
a. Aid, help, assistance.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > [noun]
fultumeOE
help971
succour?c1225
abetc1330
succouringc1330
speedc1340
subsidya1387
rescousc1390
chevisancea1400
juvamentc1400
supply1420
aid1430
favour1434
supplying1436
suffrage1445
availa1450
boteningc1450
succurrancec1450
adjuvancea1460
assistance1495
meeda1500
subventiona1500
suppliancea1500
adjutory?a1513
sistancea1513
adminiculation1531
abetment1533
assisting1553
adjument1576
society1586
aidance1593
opitulation1598
secourse1598
second1605
suppeditation1605
assistency1642
auxiliation1657
adjutancy1665
adjuvancy1677
abettal1834
sustenance1839
constructiveness1882
α.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 179 Inwarde..bonen ancrefule biwinneð sone sucurs. & helpeð..aȝeines flesches fondunges.
c1325 Metr. Hom. 136 Thai waken Crist and askes socoures Wit orisoun.
c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 1341 Withouten hys socourse, Twenty tyme y-swowned hath she thanne.
c1460 R. Roos tr. La Belle Dame sans Mercy 847 I can no mor, but aske of hem socours.
1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) i. 328 Till God sum succouris till him send.
1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1903) II. iii. v. App. 306 Þe romans knew vele þai war freyndis cumin to þair succurss.
a1542 T. Wyatt So Feble is Threde 3 But it have elleswhere some aide or some socours The runnyng spyndell of my fate anon shall end his cours.
1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Matt. iii. 11 b Who so euer distrusting god doe leane vnto the souccoures of this world.
1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. E2v Luther..being no waies ayded by the opinions of his owne time, was enforced..to call former times to his succors . View more context for this quotation
β. c1290 Beket 60 in S. Eng. Leg. 108 Þoruȝ grace þat heo hadde Of Iesu crist, and socur of men þat hire ouer ladden.a1300 Cursor Mundi 24479 Her-wit come me son succur And sum lightnes o mi langur.c1315 Shoreham ii. 5 Gode atende to my socour.c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 3284 Þe folk fleiȝe vnfain And socour criden schille.1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 293 Clepende and criende al the day For socour and deliverance.a1500 (?c1450) Merlin iii. 50 We haue heere no vitaile to abide after socour of oure frendes.1523 Act 14 & 15 Hen. VIII c. 13 The said Haven [was] greatly amended to the sucour and comfort of all the marchauntes ther resortyng.a1525 Ballat Our Lady in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 272 At hellis ȝettis he gaf þam no succour.1551 R. Crowley Pleasure & Payne sig. Bv No man shall him heare Nor at his nede shewe him succoure.a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) ii. iv. 74 Here's a yong maid with trauaile much oppressed, And faints for succour . View more context for this quotation1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII v. iii. 51 I might see from farre, some forty Truncheoners draw to her succour . View more context for this quotation1681 P. Bellon tr. F. de Monginot New Myst. Physick 23 To this purpose, we must fly again to Chymistry for Succor.1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson xiii. iii. 276 Giving up all hopes of succour.1758 S. Johnson Idler 6 May 33 The devotion of life or fortune to the succour of the poor.1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. vi. 80 Many exiles, who had come..to apply for succour, heard their sentence, and went brokenhearted away.1891 F. W. Farrar Darkness & Dawn II. lvi. 227 Paul's first impulse was to fly to the succour of his Roman brethren.
†b. to do succour, to give assistance to. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > aid, help, or assist [verb (transitive)]
helpc897
filsteOE
filsenc1175
gengc1175
succourc1250
ease1330
to do succourc1374
favour1393
underset1398
supply1428
aid1450
behelp1481
adminiculate?1532
subleve1542
to help a (lame) dog over a stile1546
adjuvate1553
to stand at ——1563
assista1578
opitulate1582
stead1582
bestead1591
help out (also through)1600
serve1629
facilitate1640
auxiliate1656
juvate1708
gammon1753
lame duck1963
piggyback1968
c1374 G. Chaucer Compl. Mars 292 Her that, with vnfeyned humble chere, Was euere redy to do yow socoure.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4903 He þat has yow don socur Stoln haue yee of his tresur.
c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) lxv. 224 Oberon..dyd me such socoure and ayde, that I came to my purpose.
2. One who or that which helps; a means of assistance; an aid.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > [noun] > that which or one who helps or means of help
redeeOE
helpc893
bootOE
friendOE
lithc1275
helpera1300
a helping handa1300
helpingc1330
bieldc1352
succour?a1366
supplementc1384
easementa1398
succourer1442
aid?1473
assister1535
assistant?1541
adminicle1551
mystery1581
second1590
auxiliatory1599
subsidium1640
suffragan1644
facilitation1648
adminiculary1652
auxiliary1656
auxiliar1670
ally1794
Boy Scout1918
assist1954
facilitator1987
?a1366 Romaunt Rose 1606 Ther may no thyng ben his socour.
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) 2 Sam. xxi. 17 Abisay, the sone of Saruye, was to hym a socour.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 21846 To be vr socur at vr end.
c1440 Pallad. on Husb. i. 1019 Eek the blossom greet socour is Of euery tre ther swetnesse in the flour is.
a1500 (?c1450) Merlin i. 11 God be my socoure in my moste nede as I haue seide trouth.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms xxi. 19 Thou art my sucoure, haist the to helpe me.
1560 Bible (Geneva) Wisd. xvii. 11 Feare is nothing els, but a betraying of the succours, which reason offreth.
a1640 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger Double Marriage v. ii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Fffff2v/1 Yon have lost two Noble succors.
1698 G. Stanhope tr. Thomas à Kempis Christian's Pattern ii. i. 79 Since then so little Confidence is due to his Succours, the Concern ought not to be great, if he withdraw..them.
1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 167. ⁋6 The succours of sickness ought not to be wasted in health.
1829 I. Taylor Nat. Hist. Enthusiasm x. 264 Christianity..even when unaided by those secular succours.
3. Military assistance in men or supplies; esp. auxiliary forces; reinforcements.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > group with special function or duty > [noun] > reinforcements
succour?c1225
over-numbera1450
supplies1488
supplement1548
re-enforce1618
recrew1619
recruit1635
reinforcement1641
enforcement1643
reinforce1648
sustainer1708
re-enforcement1718
supporter1796
stiffening1900
α. singular.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 172 Hwas is siker of suturs [read sucurs] þet him schal cumen sone & ȝelt þach up his castel to his wiðerwines.
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xix. 641 In thar cuntre heir ar we, Quhar that may cum vs na succours.
1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes ii. viii. 106 He had but a fewe folke but he wayted after a grete secours.
1523 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1903) V. 212 That my lord of Arrane and succurris suld haist thaim to him.
1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1903) II. v. ii. 147 Mvniciouns..to resist euery succurss or supple þat mycht cum þarefra.
1608 G. Chapman Conspiracie Duke of Byron i. i. 26 Spaines colde friendship, and his lingring succours.
a1648 Ld. Herbert Life Henry VIII (1649) 559 To send severall Ambassadors into England and France to demand succours.
β. 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. 11980 Þat hom ne com no socour hii seie al so wel, So þat..hii ȝolde vp þen castel.1340–70 Alisaunder 148 Þei see no succour in no syde aboute, That was come to hur koste þe king for to lett.1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur iii. xi. 113 Kyng Pellinore..gaf hym an old courser, and kyng Arthur gaf hym armour and a swerd, and els had he none other socour.c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 9700 Prayond hom..For to buske hym to batell, & þo buernes helpe In offence of hor fos, and hor fuerse socour.1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccviiv He was required to make hast,..although he brought no succor with hym.1667 J. Dryden Annus Mirabilis 1666 lxxiii. 19 Our watchful General had discern'd, from far, This mighty succour which made glad the foe.1802 C. James New Mil. Dict. Succour, in war, assistance in men, stores, or ammunition.1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. 665 Succour, an enterprise undertaken to relieve a place besieged or blockaded, by either forcing the enemy from before it, or throwing in supplies.1876 G. E. Voyle & G. de Saint-Clair-Stevenson Mil. Dict. (ed. 3) 414/1 To throw succour or help into a place means to introduce armed men, ammunition, provisions, &c. into a besieged place.plural.1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry V f. lxxix Perceiuyng that their succours were taken, [they] playnely iudged that the toune could not long continue.1630 R. Norton tr. W. Camden Hist. Princesse Elizabeth ii. 89 To prouoke them to battell before all their succors were come together out of France & Germany.1663 Wharton in 11th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1887) App. v. 13 A great defeat given the Dutch by the Bishop..upon which the French succours are returned, re infecta.1741 C. Middleton Hist. Life Cicero II. x. 417 Antony had invested it so closely..that no succours could be thrown into it.1768 J. Boswell Acct. Corsica (ed. 2) ii. 114 The succours which he left were not of much avail.1805 C. James New Mil. Dict. (ed. 2) To throw in succours, to introduce armed men, ammunition, provisions, &c. into a besieged place.1842 T. B. Macaulay Battle Lake Regillus xiii There rode the Volscian succours.1854 J. S. C. Abbott Napoleon (1855) I. xiii. 223 The French hoped that they were French ships conveying to them succors from Alexandria or from France.
4. Shelter, protection; a place of shelter, sheltered place, refuge. Obsolete exc. dialect.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > [noun]
church grithOE
to-flighta1300
reseta1325
refutec1350
succourc1380
warranta1400
refugec1405
bieldingc1440
bield?a1500
c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 323 Alle þat drawen men out of þe chirche or seintuarie, whanne þei fleen þeder for sukour after here manslauȝter or þefte, ben cursed.
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 137 Of þe oþer deel he made places of socour for pore men.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5600 Þe kinges kin..O quam sprang of þe sauueur þat broght vs all in-to socur.
c1450 in C. L. Kingsford Chrons. London (1905) 132 A ffalse Breton morderyd a wedew..and aftyrward he toke socor of Holy Chirche at Seynt Georgis in Suthwerk.
1458 in J. H. Parker Some Acct. Domest. Archit. (1859) III. 43 It was a greet socour of erthe & of sonde.
1573 T. Tusser Points Huswifrie (new ed.) f. 25v, in Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) In tempest..warme barth vnder hedge, is a sucker to beast.
1622 R. Hawkins Observ. Voiage South Sea xxix. 64 It is full of good succours for shipping.
1628 in W. Foster Eng. Factories India 1624–9 (1909) 217 This is noe good place to winter in, it being..noe sucker for them from the wether.
1636 in Wilts Arch. Mag. 23 259 A place that in winter time was a special and usual succour for preserving the breed of young deer belonging to the Chace.
a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 75 Riggons neaver goe well of but att one time of the yeare,..unlesse it bee with such as have good succour for them.
1850 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 11 ii. 687 The young beech plants must have ‘succour’, that is shelter, themselves, or they will not grow.
1893 G. E. Dartnell & E. H. Goddard Gloss. Words Wilts. (at cited word) On bleak parts of the Downs the cottages are mostly to be found in the succours.
†5. A tributary (of a river). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > tributary > [noun]
succour1596
creek1622
kill1669
sidestream1715
feeder1795
tribute-river1820
tributary1822
affluent1829
confluent1849
sub-river1849
influent1859
1596 W. Lambarde Perambulation of Kent (rev. ed.) 221 One of the succours to Medway.
1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 644 Hauing gotten fresh helpe of some other streames, that send in their succours.
†6. A pecuniary aid, subsidy. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > subsidy > [noun]
witereden688
commorth1402
aid1419
subsidy1422
subside?a1425
prest?c1430
loan1439
subventiona1475
benevolence1483
loan-money1523
gratitude1535
press money1561
subsidy money1577
malevolence1592
succour1605
oblation1613
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > grants and allowances > [noun] > grant in support
aid1419
subvention1570
succour1605
family allowance1861
1605 R. Verstegan Restit. Decayed Intelligence x. 322 A certaine payment was wont to bee made among the soldiers lyke vnto that which now is called succors.
1619 Sir D. Carleton in S. R. Gardiner Lett. Relations Eng. & Germany (1865) 1st Ser. 51 The succours of this State wilbe..50m florins a monthe for the space of a yeare.

Compounds

succour-giver n.
ΚΠ
c1600 J. Bryan in E. Farr Sel. Poetry Reign Elizabeth (1845) II. 333 God help to me doth send, And to my succour-giuers Is an assisting friend.
succour-suer n.
ΚΠ
1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares f. 37 The Princes of the Iewes, (which Titus as submissioners and succoursuers had receiued to mercy).
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

succourv.

Brit. /ˈsʌkə/, U.S. /ˈsəkər/
Forms: Middle English socur(e, Middle English–1500s socoure, Middle English socowre, sokoure, sokere, soccoure, Middle English–1500s socour, succur, Middle English–1500s succoure, 1500s–1600s sucker, (Middle English sucuri, soco(u)ri, soco(u)ry, Middle English socurry, soucouri, sokore, socre, succure, sukere, past participle ysucrod, y-, i-socoured, Middle English–1500s soker, Middle English socowryn, sokery, socore, sucor, Middle English–1500s succurre, 1500s suckar, socker, 1600s sucurre), 1500s– (now U.S.) succor, Middle English– succour.
Etymology: < Old French (i) socorre, suc(c)urre, secourre < Latin succurrĕre , < suc- = sub- prefix 6 + currĕre to run; (ii) suc(c)urir (with change of conjugation), modern French secourir. Compare Provençal socorre, secorrer, Italian soccorrere, Spanish socorrer, Portuguese socorrer.
1.
a. transitive. To help, assist, aid (a person, etc.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > aid, help, or assist [verb (transitive)]
helpc897
filsteOE
filsenc1175
gengc1175
succourc1250
ease1330
to do succourc1374
favour1393
underset1398
supply1428
aid1450
behelp1481
adminiculate?1532
subleve1542
to help a (lame) dog over a stile1546
adjuvate1553
to stand at ——1563
assista1578
opitulate1582
stead1582
bestead1591
help out (also through)1600
serve1629
facilitate1640
auxiliate1656
juvate1708
gammon1753
lame duck1963
piggyback1968
c1250 Kent. Serm. in Old Eng. Misc. 32 Hit is us nyede þet se þet sucurede hem ine þa peril þet us sucuri ine ure niedes.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 186 Wel ssolle we..helpe and soucouri þe on þe oþer.
c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 172 He þat scholde me socoury to ȝen myn enymys.
1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls) VIII. 41 He..socrede Thomas of Caunturbury whan he was exiled.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 256 So schal his Soule be socoured Of thilke worschipe ate laste.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4608 I red þat þou, onan, Do gett þe a god purueur þat in þis nede þe mai socur.
c1400 Anturs of Arth. xvii Were thritte trentes of masse done,..My saule were socurt ful sone, And broȝte un-to blys.
c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (Percy Soc.) 131 Ther is no gayne may us socoure.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Heb. ii. 18 He is able to sucker them that are tempted.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. cxcij Duke Charles..succored them with a small pencion.
1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Confirmacion f. xi* To loue, honour, and succoure my father and mother.
1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xix. 97 There is no Favourite of a Monarch, which cannot as well succour his friends, as hurt his enemies.
1718 M. Prior Solomon on Vanity ii, in Poems Several Occasions (new ed.) 452 We raise the sad, and succour the distress'd.
1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake I. xix. 354 It would behove me..to succour this distressed lady.
1867 S. Smiles Huguenots Eng. & Ireland ix. 214 The fugitives were everywhere made welcome,..succoured and helped.
absolute.1535 A. Borde Let. in Fyrst Bk. Introd. Knowl. (1870) Foreword 56 God succuryng, who euer kepp yow in helth & honer.
b. transferred.
ΚΠ
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 213 Whan he the comun riht socoureth.
?a1400 Morte Arth. 2276 Thare myghte no siluer thaym saue, ne socoure theire lyues.
c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) 3 That his..entreprise, vas conuoyit & succurrit be ane diuyne miracle, rather nor be the ingyne of men.
1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 473 Garden Smilax hath long and small branches growing very high..when they be succoured with rises or long poles.
1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 653 The white Rose, whose stalkes..are..x. xii. or xx. foote high, and sometimes longer, if they be staied vp or suckered.
1599 W. Shakespeare et al. Passionate Pilgrime (new ed.) sig. C2 Yet not for me, shine sun to succour flowers.
absolute.a1850 D. G. Rossetti Dante & Circle (1874) ii. 279 Of all that thou or I can say, But one word succoureth.
2. To furnish with military assistance; to bring reinforcements to; spec. to relieve (a besieged place).
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > defence > defend [verb (transitive)] > give defensive support to
succour1297
cover1741
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 8233 Folc of ierusalem & of damache come…& to socouri antioche uaste þuderward drou.
c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. Wace (Rolls) 12778 Sex þousand sent he..To socoure þeym.
c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 2610 Or we mowen bet y-socoured be wiþ Charlis & ys ferede.
1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur x. i. 413 I will socoure hym with all my puyssaunce.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 8466 All the kynges..þat comyn were to Troy, The citie to socour, with þere sute hoole.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry IV f. xviiiv Yf the castel wer not suckered within .iii. monthes.
1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. xv. 16 b The place..coulde not haue bin fortified nor succoured.
1613–18 S. Daniel Coll. Hist. Eng. (1626) 24 [He] brings a mighty Army to succour Arques, assieged by.. the Dukes Generall.
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) To Succour a Place, is to raise the Siege of such a Place, driving the Enemy from before it.
1876 G. E. Voyle & G. de Saint-Clair-Stevenson Mil. Dict. (ed. 3) 414/2 To succour,..to relieve a force requiring assistance.
†3. To relieve or remedy (a state of want, weakness, etc.); to relieve (a diseased condition). Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > effect a cure [verb (intransitive)] > alleviate
succour1526
the world > health and disease > healing > heal or cure [verb (transitive)] > alleviate
palea1400
delivera1413
palliate?a1425
succour1526
pallify?1543
lenify1574
subdue1591
the world > action or operation > amending > put right [verb (transitive)] > specific any evil condition
healc1200
redressa1393
succour1526
redub1528
resarciate1646
the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > aid, help, or assist [verb (intransitive)] > in bringing about > relief
succour1526
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Mark ix. f. lvijv Sucker myne vnbelefe.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) 2 Cor. viii. 14 Let youre aboundaunce socker their lacke.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. iii. sig. P3 To succour the weake state of sad afflicted Troy.
1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 602 The outward members are forced to yeeld their bloud, to succour any sudden oppression of the heart.
1673 J. Milton On New Forcers of Conscience in Poems (new ed.) 69 That so the Parliament May..succour our just Fears.
absolute.1657 R. Tomlinson tr. J. de Renou Medicinal Materials i, in Medicinal Dispensatory sig. Rr2 It..efficaciously sucurres in pestilentious diseases.
4. To shelter, protect. Now dialect.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > protect or defend [verb (transitive)]
shieldc825
frithc893
werea900
i-schield971
berghOE
biwerec1000
grithc1000
witec1000
keepc1175
burghena1225
ward?c1225
hilla1240
warrantc1275
witiec1275
forhilla1300
umshadea1300
defendc1325
fendc1330
to hold in or to warrantc1330
bielda1350
warisha1375
succoura1387
defencea1398
shrouda1400
umbeshadow14..
shelvec1425
targec1430
protect?1435
obumber?1440
thorn1483
warrantise1490
charea1500
safeguard1501
heild?a1513
shend1530
warrant1530
shadow1548
fence1577
safekeep1588
bucklera1593
counterguard1594
save1595
tara1612
target1611
screenc1613
pre-arm1615
custodite1657
shelter1667
to guard against1725
cushion1836
enshield1855
mind1924
buffer1958
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 157 Þere he was i-socoured [MS. γ ysucrod] awhile wiþ oon Maximus.
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvii. lxxxi. 973 Graynes beþ ywarded and ysocoured with ryndes..for to saue þe inner piþþe and kynde hete.
1563 J. Shute First Groundes Archit. sig. Bi Some succoured them selues vnder the shadowe of trees.
1617 F. Moryson Itinerary ii. 67 The Haven was commodious to succour weather-beaten ships.
1684 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress 2nd Pt. ii. 157 That by these Waters they [sc. sheep] might be housed, harbored, suckered, and nourished.
1893 G. E. Dartnell & E. H. Goddard Gloss. Words Wilts. (at cited word) An old-fashioned bonnet is said to ‘succour’ the ears. A cold wind cuts up cabbages, except where they are ‘succoured’ by bushes or walls.
5. Nautical. To strengthen, make firm or taut.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > other nautical operations > [verb (transitive)] > make firm or taut
succour1688
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > condition of being fast bound or firmly fixed > make fast [verb (transitive)]
fastenOE
firmc1374
comforta1382
to make (something) fasta1400
anchor1425
defix?a1475
harden?1523
steeve1554
lock1590
confixa1616
secure1615
succour1688
belay1751
sicker1824
snackle1887
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iii. xv. 44/1 To succour and ease the sheat, least it break in great winds.
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) (at cited word) Among Sea-men, to Succour is to strengthen or make more firm; as To Succour a Cable, Mast, &c.
1850 J. Greenwood Sailor's Sea-bk. 152 Its use is to succour the scarphs of the apron.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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