Sumatrann.adj.
/s(j)ʊˈmɑːtrən/, /sᵿˈmɑːtr(ə)n/, U.S. /sᵿˈmɑtrən/ A. n.
1. A native or inhabitant of the Indonesian island of Sumatra.
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the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Asia > native or inhabitant of Indonesia > [noun] > parts of
Javan1606
Moluccan1613
Sumatran1613
Javanese1704
Minangkabaua1811
Madurese1817
Balinese1820
Sundanese1849
Maduran1853
1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage v. xvii. 457 Nicolo di Conti sayth, in his time the Samatrans were all Gentiles.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. v. 233/1 The Sumatrans do wear Turbuts on their heads.
1783 W. Marsden Hist. Sumatra 56 The Sumatrans live, in a great measure, upon vegetable food.
1824 ‘A. Singleton’ Lett. from South & West 93 Some mothers here hip their infants, as do the Sumatrans.
1901 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 27 Apr. 1011/2 We are told that the Sumatrans go for week-long voyages in their rowing boats, taking only rice and sugar cane with them.
1986 Globe & Mail (Toronto) (Nexis) 21 May (Travel section) c1 Sumatrans like to boast that they live on one of the largest islands in the world.
2012 Hudson Rev. 64 561 I had been the only Westerner on a bus brimful of Sumatrans and Acehnese.
2. Any of the various languages spoken in Sumatra; (also) these languages considered collectively. Now rare.
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the mind > language > languages of the world > Austric > [noun] > Austronesian > Sundic > specific Sundic languages
Rejang1783
Sumatran1799
Balinese1820
Sundanese1849
Sasak1961
Iban1969
1799 E. Fry Pantographia 287 (heading) Sumatran. This specimen of the language is taken from Sidney Parkinson's Voyage.
1813 Q. Rev. Oct. 257 Languages and Dialects..Cingalese, Malayan, Sumatran.
1885 J. Byrne Gen. Princ. Struct. Lang. I. ii. iii. lxix. 283 The demonstrative pronouns in Sumatran are—ini, this; itu and sometimes nun, that.
1901 Nation (N.Y.) 10 Jan. 36/3 Bertanistanisan is ‘wept greatly’ in Sumatran.
1931 Life 13 Mar. 21/1 A new and interesting collection of animal pictures which are being presented under the title of ‘Rango’—which is Sumatran for orang-outang.
B. adj.
Of or relating to Sumatra or its inhabitants.
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the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Asia > native or inhabitant of Indonesia > [adjective] > parts of
Moluccan1700
Sumatran?1760
Balinese1820
Timorese1964
?1760 J. Shebbeare Hist. Excellence & Decline Sumatrans I. iv. 124 The good Wife, the tender Mother, the Bosom Friend, the Soother of Affliction, the Improver of Joy, characterized the Sumatran Dames.
1783 W. Marsden Hist. Sumatra 36 The genuine Sumatran character.
1850 R. G. Latham Nat. Hist. Varieties Man 140 The wildest varieties of the Sumatran tribes.
1887 Encycl. Brit. XXII. 639/2 A remarkable feature of the Sumatran flora is the great variety of trees that vie with each other in stature and beauty.
1958 Life 14 Apr. 38/2 (caption) Soldier shoppers..of the government forces from Java buy Sumatran cloth as souvenirs.
2014 Epicure (Singapore) Feb. 49/1 (advt.) The archipelago's diverse multi-ethnicity is deliciously reflected in the cuisine, from Javanese favourites to spicy Sumatran rendang and curries.
Compounds
C1. In the names of animals native to Sumatra.For some of the more established compounds of this type, see Compounds 2.
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1793 T. Pennant Hist. Quadrupeds (ed. 3) II. 321 Sumatran Antelope,..Cambing ootan, or Goat of the Woods.
1801 J. Latham Gen. Synopsis Birds Suppl. II. 194 Sumatran Gr[osbeak] Loxia hypoxantha... Inhabits the rice fields of the island of Sumatra.
1827 Lancet 7 July 422/1 The proboscis of the elephant, and the elongated snouts of the American, as well as the Sumatran tapir.
1883 I. L. Bird Golden Chersonese 8 Among the ruminants are four species of deer..[and] a wild goat similar to the Sumatran antelope.
1945 F. Harper Extinct & Vanishing Mammals of Old World 635 The Sumatran Serow is not quite so rare as formerly supposed.
2010 Jrnl. Sustainable Forestry 29 433 The Sumatran hare (Nesolagus netscheri Schlegel) is a little-known Sumatran endemic.
C2.
Sumatran ape n. either of the species of orangutan native to Sumatra, Pongo abelii and (the newly recognized) P. tapanuliensis.
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1838 Penny Cycl. XII. 408/1 These Sumatran Apes..exhibit strong maternal affection.
1912 D. G. Elliott Rev. Primates III. 179 The difference in the length of their tooth rows is as great as is that between the longest of them and that of the Sumatran Ape.
2017 Star (S. Afr.) (Nexis) 4 Nov. 4 The Batang Toru population may have been isolated from other Sumatran apes for up to 20 000 years.
Sumatran monkey n. any of various monkeys native to Sumatra; (formerly) spec. the mitred leaf monkey, Presbytis melalophos (obsolete).Cf. Sumatra monkey n. at Sumatra n. Compounds 2.
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the world > animals > mammals > order Primates > suborder Anthropoidea (higher primates) > [noun] > group Catarrhinae (Old World monkey) > family Cercopithecidae > subfamily Colobinae > genus Presbytis (langur) > species of
Negro monkey1771
douc1774
simpai1820
lotong1824
entellus1843
Hanuman1843
Sumatran monkey1849
Sumatra monkey1877
tchincou1891
1849 O. Tiffany Canton Chinese i. 4 The needy could offer only perhaps a parrot, or a Sumatran monkey.
1871 Cassell's Nat. Hist. I. 95 The Sumatran Monkey, in which the female is light brown and the male is a most extraordinary-looking yellow.
1991 Weekly World News 21 May 21/1 A milk shake made from the bone marrow of Sumatran monkeys will cure arthritis.
Sumatran pheasant n. either of two species of pheasant native to Sumatra, the argus pheasant ( Argusianus argus) and Salvadori's pheasant ( Lophura inornata).
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the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > family Phasianidae (pheasants, etc.) > [noun] > genus Argus
Argus1768
Sumatran pheasant1783
Argus pheasant1813
1783 W. Marsden Hist. Sumatra 97 The coo-ow, or famous Sumatran or Argos pheasant.
1843 Sat. Mag. 9 Sept. 99/2 The Sumatran pheasant is a bird of great magnificence and beauty.
2000 R. A. Fuller & P. J. Garson Pheasants iii. 29/1 The Sumatran pheasant is sometimes considered conspecific with the Salvadori's pheasant.
Sumatran rhino n. = Sumatran rhinoceros n.
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1905 Outing Nov. 208/2 The second or upper horn of the Sumatran rhino is not very prominent.
1994 Wildlife Conservation Sept. 32/2 The Sumatran rhino, also known as the Asian two-horned and the hairy rhino, is the smallest..of the world's five living rhino species.
2018 Sun (Nexis) 20 Dec. The Java Rhino and Sumatran Rhino are on the brink of extinction with only around 67 and 80 respectively left in the wild.
Sumatran rhinoceros n. a small two-horned rhinoceros, Dicerorhinus sumatrensis, formerly widespread in Asia, and now endangered and found chiefly in Sumatra; also called Asian two-horned rhinoceros.
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1801 Crit. Rev. Jan. 23 The Sumatran rhinoceros, described by Mr. Bell in the Philosophical Transactions.
1930 W. M. Mann Wild Animals in & out of Zoo xvi. 202 An opportunity for the only time in our history of exhibiting a Sumatran rhinoceros (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis ).
2011 Jrnl. Zoo & Wildlife Med. 42 723/1 The Sumatran rhinoceros is critically endangered, with an estimated 200 inhabiting the fragmented rainforests of Southeast Asia.
Sumatran tiger n. a small tiger native to Sumatra, now regarded as the only surviving population of the subspecies Panthera tigris sondaica.
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the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Felidae (feline) > [noun] > genus Panthera > panthera tigris (tiger) > varieties of
royal tiger1768
Sumatran tiger1815
royal Bengal1871
Siberian tiger1895
Manchurian tiger1899
Amur tiger1964
1815 W. Hamilton East India Gazetteer 776/2 The Sumatran tiger is of a very large size; some have been known to measure 18 inches across the forehead.
1945 F. Harper Extinct & Vanishing Mammals of Old World 310 The Sumatran Tiger.., although less common than formerly, is still numerous in various districts.
2015 Times (Nexis) 21 Sept. 35 A zoo keeper has died after she was attacked by a Sumatran tiger.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.adj.1613