supportern.

1426–7 W. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 9 Thomas Erpyngham, knyght, a myghty and a gret supportour of þe seyd Walter in alle þese matiers.

c1450 (c1425) Brut (Cambr. Kk.1.12) 370 A Squier of Walis þat was a rebell & a ryser, and supporter of Owen of Glyndore.

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1872) IV. 165 Marius and his supporters.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. MM^v He was called also a gluttone,..A disceyuer of the people: a supporter of synners.

1588 R. Greene Pandosto sig. G3^v I am accused that I haue bene a supporter of Fawnias pride.

1670 T. Garencières tr. Famous Conclave wherein Clement VIII was elected Pope 29 The only defensor and supportor of the Catholick Religion.

1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. ii. 113 The Marquis of Hamilton..was like to stand in need of great Supporters.

1733 J. Swift Let. to Duchess of Queensberry 20 Mar. in Wks. (1814) XVIII. 157 You are grown very tetchy since I lost the dear friend who was my supporter.

1795 J. Mullalla View Irish Affairs I. vii. 256 The supporters of the motion observed, that the allowance was totally inadequate to defray the prince's yearly expence.

1836 H. Smith Tin Trumpet II. 46 Staunch supporters of the Church.

1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. xviii. 209 Some French brandy..part of James's farewell gift to his Highland supporters.

1868 E. Edwards Life Sir W. Ralegh I. xxv. 586 He was the supporter of an English alliance with France.

1918 F. A. Coleman Far East Unveiled xlv. 231 After Viscount Kato's snub at the hands of the Genro came the final moves in the game of organising into one body the three parties, the Doshikai, the Chuseikai, and the Koyu Club, which had each been a supporter of the Okuma Ministry and given it a majority in the Diet.

1963 N.Y. Times Mag. 25 Aug. 51/1 Civil-rights supporters are now engaged in an all-out effort to secure enactment of the President's civil-rights program.

2008 Vanity Fair (N.Y.) Aug. 81/2 All her supporters had seen was a rich, superconfident woman backed by an aggressive campaign which promised to wrap up victory in early February.

1796 Instr. & Regulations Cavalry 255 The last one or two squadrons of such a column are always to be considered as the supporters of those that attack.

1847 Times 10 May 6/1 They had no alternative but submission, as their military supporters acknowledged no orders except Santa Anne's.

1902 Words of Eyewitness 144 Two companies of the East Surrey were ordered forward..to cover the retreat. Which suffered most, supporters or supported, I do not know.

2003 H. S. Gledhill tr. J. J. Reis Death is Festival i. 37 During that short-lived revolt, the political prisoners took over the island fortress-prison where they were being held and bombarded Salvador while waiting for supporters who never arrived.

a1450 (c1435) J. Lydgate Life SS. Edmund & Fremund (Harl.) 168 in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 2nd Ser. 380 The kyng shal..been ther sheeld and ther supportour..Them to releue ageyn al wordly shoures.

a1500 (a1475) G. Ashby Dicta Philosophorum l. 1062 in Poems (1899) 91 Yf he be iuste, of right a supportour.

1589 T. Nashe To Students in R. Greene Menaphon Epist. sig. A2^v George Peele,..the chiefe supporter of pleasance nowe liuing, the Atlas of Poetrie.

1641 J. Jackson True Evangelical Temper iii. 213 Peace..is the very supporter of Individualls, Families, Churches, Common-wealths.

1679 C. Ness Distinct Disc. Antichrist Ep. Ded. sig. A2 Nobility..wants its true Supporter, and soon dwindles into nothing.

1682 J. Dryden Prol. to Dutchess sig. A1 Love was no more when Loyalty was gone, The great Supporter of his Awfull Throne.

1711 Ld. Shaftesbury Characteristicks III. Misc. v. i. 239 A Cultivater or Supporter of Arts or Letters.

a1716 R. South Serm. Several Occasions (1744) VIII. 402 Under so many discouragements from without, they must needs have sunk, had they not had some supporter within.

1774 J. Reynolds Disc. Royal Acad. (1876) vi. 401 He would..have ranged with the great pillars and supporters of our Art.

1811 J. Crowther True & Compl. Portraiture Methodism (1813) iv. 333 In some places the Methodists are among the principal supporters of charity-schools.

1846 Cultivator 3 249/1 Mr. Wadsworth..is a most liberal supporter of agricultural societies, and an earnest patron of agricultural improvement generally.

1891 Times 19 June 4/6 A well-known supporter has promised a further donation of £40.

1937 N. Hillson I speak of Germany viii. 160 Several London theatres still provide bare benches for their staunchest supporters in the gallery.

1971 E. T. James et al. Notable Amer. Women II. 21/2 Miss Garrett was president of its board of trustees and its principal financial supporter, providing it in 1890 with a building valued at $3000,000.

2009 J. B. Roney Culture & Customs Netherlands vi. 150 Constantin Huygens was..a passionate lover of the English language, and a supporter of the arts and sciences.

1802 T. Thomson in Jrnl. Nat. Philos. May 12 The supporters of combustion are a set of bodies which are not of themselves, strictly speaking, capable of undergoing combustion, but which are absolutely necessary for the process.

1806 R. Patterson Adams's Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. (rev. ed.) I. App. 541 Acids may be divided into three classes,..2, supporters of combustion... The acid supporters are—the oxymuriatic, and the hyperoxymuriatic.

1865 Jrnl. Soc. Arts 13 311/1 Atmospheric air, or rather the oxygen contained in it, is the prime inciter to and supporter of decomposition.

1919 Witthaus' Text-bk. Chem. (ed. 7) 61 It [sc. oxygen] is not only the best, but the only supporter of animal respiration.

1980 W. B. Jensen Lewis Acid–Base Concepts i. 29 He [sc. T. Thomson] divided the elements into three classes: acidifiable bases, alkalifiable bases, and generalized supporters of combustion.

2001 E. Ramsden Key Sci. Chem. (ed. 3) xiv. 143 Oxygen allows substances to burn in it: it is a good supporter of combustion.

a1475 Sidrak & Bokkus (Laud) (1998) I. l. 3258 The eyen are gyderes of the herte; The eres are messangeres smerte; The tonge as avokate is she; The fete his supportoures be.

1586 A. Day Eng. Secretorie i. sig. K5 Stiffened limmes become vnweldie supporters of his pined corpes.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. xvi. xl. 489 The foure entire stones which bare up the said Obeliske as supporters.

a1616 W. Shakespeare King John (1623) ii. ii. 72 My greefe's so great, That no supporter but the huge firme earth Can hold it vp. View more context for this quotation

1650 tr. J. A. Comenius Janua Linguarum Reserata §439 Hee bear's up (undersetteth) the leavie tendrels with props, or supporters.

1665 T. Herbert Some Years Trav. (new ed.) 136 That noted Aquaduct..the pipes by supporters reaching from Mountain to Mountain.

1703 R. Neve City & Countrey Purchaser 10 The Supporters, or Butments of this Arch.

1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry (1721) I. 147 A Building set upon Supporters.

1774 J. Bryant New Syst. II. 334 The priests, and supporters..carry the sacred vehicle.

1809 A. Henry Trav. & Adventures Canada 98 A pole which might be called the supporter of the building.

1850 Southern Cultivator 8 28/1 The longitudinal supporter, occupying its place, in the Remington bridge, will sustain many times the weight necessary to separate the fibres of the wood in tearing them asunder.

1884 F. T. Hodgson Stair-building 12 Wall strings are the supporters of the ends of the treads and risers.

1903 D. Lindsay Donatello 77 They probably acted as caryatides, of which there must have been three, replacing ordinary columns as supporters of the sarcophagus.

1958 Pop. Mech. June 90 Clothesline supporter keeps wash out of your way. It can accommodate at least 10 lines up to 16 feet in length.

1998 S. Grundmann et al. Archit. Rome (2004) 43/1 It is still unclear today whether the arch was more important as a supporter of other structures, or as a place under which to pass.

1588 in J. Arnold Queen Elizabeth's Wardrobe Unlock'd (1988) viii. 226/1 One Supporter of wyer whipped over with silke.

1595 T. I. World of Wonders sig. D3^v Great feathers about their neckes..in the very forme of our greatest set of ruffes, being diuersly coullored held vp with quilles resembling the wyers commonly called supporters.

1596 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) ix. xlvii. 220 Busks, Perrewigs, Maskes, Plumes of Fethers fram'd, Supporters.

1599 J. Minsheu Pleasant Dialogues Spanish & Eng. 15/2 in R. Percyvall & J. Minsheu Spanish Gram. Head rolles, coifes of gold, supporters, gorgets of networke.

1601 A. Dent Plaine Mans Path-way to Heauen 48 It was neuer good world since starching and steeling,..supporters, & rebaters..came to be in vse.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues at Porte-fraise A Rebate or supporter for a Ruffe.

1856 G. W. Thornbury Shakespere's Eng. I. vii. 246 The ruffs were trained on wire supporters.

2007 C. Nicholl Lodger Shakespeare xvii. 171 It is possible..that when Shakespeare sat for his portrait, perhaps around 1604, he did so wearing a supporter or underpropper made in the busy workshop below the rooms where he lodged.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. vii. l. 183 The eye-sight decayeth.., the hearing followeth soon after, then faile the supporters.

1639 J. Shirley Maides Revenge i. sig. B3 These brawny armes, this manly bulke, And these Collossian supporters.

1681 T. Dineley in Jrnl. Kilkenny Archæol. Soc. 2nd Ser. 1 178 The supporters of the woemen are very large.

1767 W. Kenrick Widow'd Wife i. i. 5 Your servant, doctor, your servant.—Tolerably well, I thank you; my supporters are pretty stout at present.

1863 G. A. Sala in Temple Bar 8 73 I am feeble on the supporters.

1880 H. D. Miles Pugilistica II. vi. i. 209/2 Sampson, although unsteady on his supporters, again went boldly up, when Ward floored him with a heavy spank on the throttle.

1626 F. Bacon Sylua Syluarum §590 The Sockets, and Supporters of Flowers, are Figured: As in the Five Brethren of the Rose.

1712 J. Browne tr. P. Pomet et al. Compl. Hist. Druggs I. 51 Each of the Flowers has five or six Purple Supporters.

1664 T. Allin Jrnl. 26 Sept. (1939) (modernized text) I. 155 We..took up the supporters to the braces or knees under head, they being all broken.

1780 A. Boyer Dictionnaire Royal (new ed.) I. 155/2 Corbe de bossoir, the supporter of the cathead.

1815 W. Burney Falconer's New Universal Dict. Marine (rev. ed.) Supporters, in ship building, a name given to the knee-pieces of oak-timber under the cat-heads.

1850 J. Weale Rudim. Dict. Terms Archit. at Ekeing In ship-building, a piece fitted to make good a deficiency in length on the lower part of the supporter under the cat-head, &c.

1918 W. J. Thompson Wooden Shipbuilding i. 29 The ekeing at the lower part of the supporter under the cathead is only to continue the shape and fashion of that part, and is of no other service.

1981 C. N. Longridge & E. Bowness Anat. Nelson's Ships i. x. 145 The cat head knee covering the screws is then pinned on, followed by the cat head supporter and ekeing.

2003 K. H. Marquardt Global Schooner v. 146/2 To assist cat-heads in their task, supporters were placed beneath and against the outside planking.

1697 J. Locke Let. to Bp. of Worcester 40 A Relation cannot be founded in nothing, or be the Relation of nothing, and the thing here related as a Supporter, or a Support, is not represented to the Mind by any clear and distinct Idea.

1824 A. Burton Ess. First Princ. Metaphysicks, Ethicks, & Theol. i. 15 An essence is often supposed to be the substratum or supporter of properties.

1897 Mind 6 472 The brain is..not the instrument or organ, not the supporter or substratum, etc., of thought.

1994 D. Barwick Intentional Implications 23 A ‘substratum’ is a bearer (supporter) of qualities.

1888 Milwaukee (Wisconsin) Sentinel 12 Oct. 3/6 (advt.) Supporters, athletic shirts and pants.

1908 G. S. Warner Course in Football for Players & Coaches (1912) 6 All players should wear a snug fitting supporter, and while there are many kinds to be had at all prices, the bike supporter seems to give the best satisfaction.

1948 Boys' Life May 47/4 (advt.) In any school sport, it's embarrassing to hear chuckles and giggles as you keep tugging at a slipping, squirming, old-style supporter.

1978 R. Doliner On the Edge (1979) iv. 66 The Senator pulled on his supporter, made a cup of his hand and laid himself gently to rest in the elastic sling.

2004 E. Senay & R. Waters From Boys to Men (2005) i. ix. 252 If your son is playing a noncontact sport such as tennis or track, a cup and supporter aren't necessary.

a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) iii. xxi. sig. Vu3 The fayre Ladie being come to the scaffold, and then made to kneele downe, and so lefte by her vnkinde supporters.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) v. i. 18 Come Escalus, You must walke by vs, on our other hand: And good supporters are you. View more context for this quotation

a1625 J. Fletcher Wit without Money (1639) iv. sig. G4^v Fie, how I sweate under this pile of Beefe;..give some supporters, or else I perish.

1632 P. Massinger & N. Field Fatall Dowry v. sig. K^v You haue done me a disgrace..in giuing cause To all the street, to thinke I cannot stand Without these two supporters for my armes.

1642 in J. Rushworth Hist. Coll.: Third Pt. (1692) I. 783 The Likeness of the Standard was much of the fashion of the City-Streamers used at the Lord-Mayor's Show, having about twenty Supporters.

1692 R. South 12 Serm. I. 573 Ingratitude..sitting in its Throne, with Pride at its Right Hand, and Cruelty at its Left, worthy Supporters of..such a Reigning Impiety.

1745 E. Haywood Female Spectator 209 The Masculine Robust..or the Over-delicate, who, like the Arms of a Nobleman, is never seen without her two Supporters, I view with the same Bowels of Compassion.

1785 W. Cowper Task i. 479 Others are dragg'd into the crowded room Between supporters.

1825 W. Scott Betrothed x, in Tales Crusaders I. 183 The most valiant knights of the Constable's household..walked as mourners and supporters of the corpse, which was borne upon lances.

1863 Illustr. London News 14 Mar. 278/3 The procession of the bridegroom..consisted of six carriages, the front five being occupied by members of the household of the Prince of Wales and the suite of his ‘supporters’.

1952 W. Muir & E. Muir tr. F. Kafka Sel. Short Stories 326 Although she limps and leans on her supporters, no one believes that she is really hurt.

1981 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 1 Apr. a12/4 Prince Charles will have two official ‘supporters’ rather than a best man at his wedding on July 29.

2010 J. Black Devil's Playground xxvii. 319 Lugh felt it important that he not show up for the duel with only human supporters at his side, but he didn't want anyone on the opposite side knowing the identities of Saul or Raphael.

1843 Daily National Intelligencer (Washington) 15 Apr. A special Turf Dinner has been given him, by the leading amateurs and supporters of the sport [sc. horse-racing].

1866 Frank Leslie Illustr. Newspaper (N.Y.) 6 Oct. 36/2 The doctor stands high in the fraternity, as a..liberal and enthusiastic supporter of the game [sc. baseball].

1883 Dovorian July 22/2 There is no enthusiasm whatever in the school about cricket as there is about football. It is difficult to see why this should be so, cricket being far the nobler game, as even the most thorough going supporter of Rugby Union..must admit.

1928 Daily Mail Year-bk. 84/2 The supporters of the Chelsea F.C.

1963 W. M. Williams West Country Village ii. vii. 190 The many activities..in which participation is partly determined by religious affiliation and partly by individual interest. The Football Team, its Supporters' Club and the Darts Team are typical examples.

1972 T. Stoppard Jumpers i. 40 That he [sc. God] should have been taken up by a glorified supporters' club is only a matter of psychological interest.

1980 Daily Tel. 19 Sept. 3/3 More than 30 supporters were ejected during the match, eight were still in police custody.

2003 Times (Nexis) 22 May 52 It was a sad end to a Celtic passion play that had lasted for 48 hours of delirious joy as their supporters celebrated the delight of a place in a European final.