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单词 sueve
释义

Sueven.

Brit. /swiːv/, /sweɪv/, U.S. /swiv/, /sweɪv/
Forms:

α. Middle English Sweve, Middle English–1600s Sueue, 1600s– Sueve.

β. 1800s– Suebe.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin Suēvus, Suēbus.
Etymology: Partly (in α. forms) < classical Latin Suēvus (usually in plural, Suēvī) member of any of a group of Germanic peoples located east of the rivers Rhine, Danube, and Elbe; and partly (in β. forms) < classical Latin Suēbus, variant of Suēvus (see note). Compare Suevi n.Compare Middle French, French Sueue , Sueve (1556 or earlier), and Hellenistic Greek Σουῆβοι . While Latin Suēbus is the form supported by inscriptions, most manuscripts have the form Suēvus . In Middle English and early modern English, Sweue , Sueue , and Swevia are also found denoting the territory of the Suevi or (with reference to later events) Swabia. (Sueve is also sometimes found denoting the Swabians in early modern English.) Compare post-classical Latin Suevus (noun) Swabian (10th cent. or earlier, with reference to the medieval Duchy). Old English ethnonym. Compare the Old English ethnonym Swǣfe , Swǣfas (both plural), with reference to the Suevi, Alamanni, or Swabians, apparently cognate with Old High German Swābo (compare also the post-classical Latin variant Suaevi , plural). Compare Suuafham , Cambridgeshire (1086, now Swaffham), Suafham , Norfolk (1086, now Swaffham), early place names that apparently contain this ethnonym as first element. There is probably no continuity with the Middle English α. forms.
historical.
A member of a group of Germanic peoples that until the 5th century a.d. inhabited large territories in central Europe to the east of the Rhine, and then expanded westward into Gaul and the Iberian peninsula; = Suevian n. 1.
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the world > people > ethnicities > Germanic people > ancient Germanic peoples > [noun] > tribes > member of
Suevea1387
Suevian1549
Rugian1561
Marcomanni1598
Nervii1598
Salian1614
α.
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 253 Charles wan Gallia Narbonensis, and made suget þe Capuanes and þe Beneventanes, þe Danes and þe Sweves [?a1475 anon. tr. men of Swevia; L. Suevos].
c1450 J. Capgrave Solace of Pilgrims (Bodl. 423) (1911) 37 (MED) This man..went down in to þe lower cuntres, conqwered on to her empir all þe sueues and saxones and many oþir.
1549 T. Cooper Lanquet's Epitome of Crons. iii. f. 134v Quieted the Gothes and other Barbarous people, whiche than were in armes againste the empyre, as the Uandales, Sueues, Burgunnions and other.
1607 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Serres in tr. Gen. Inuentorie Hist. France sig. Aiiij.v Spaine was seized on by the Vandales, Alanes, Sueues [Fr. Sueues] and Gothes.
1724 C. Mather Let. 20 Sept. in J. Jurin Corr. (1996) 269 Germany shifted its People with successive Colonies of Sueves & Sclaves & Goths and Huns & Vandals & Saxons.
1861 M. Oliphant tr. C. F. de Montalembert Monks of West II. v. iii. 210 One of the last kings of the Sueves had been made a monk against his will by a usurper.
1998 D. E. Duncan Calendar v. 74 His legion scrambled to meet the barbarians, a coalition of tattooed, scraggly, fur-clad Germans from the tribes known as the Alans, the Sueves and Vandals.
β. 1893 Archæol. Jrnl. 50 320 Near this town there was a community of Suebes settled in Roman territory.1995 E. Christiansen Hist. Rome xiii. 173 On New Year's Eve AD 406 thousands of Vandals, Alans, Suebes, and Burgundians thronged into Gaul.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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