subterfugen.

Brit.

/ˈsʌbtəfjuː(d)ʒ/, U.S.

/ˈsəbtərˌfjudʒ/

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French subterfuge; Latin subterfugium.

Etymology: < (i) Middle French, French subterfuge device or stratagem used to escape a difficult situation, to avoid blame, or to justify one's conduct (1316 in an isolated attestation, subsequently from 1477; the use in sense 2 is not paralleled in French), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin subterfugium evasion (6th cent.; frequently from 12th cent. in British sources), hiding place, refuge (from c1200 in British sources; also in continental sources) < classical Latin subterfugere to escape by stealth, slip away, to avoid by stratagem, to dodge, evade ( < subter- subter- prefix + fugere to flee: see fuge v.) + -ium -ium suffix. Compare Italian sotterfugio (a1566; a1429 as †subterfugio in sense ‘excuse’), Spanish subterfugio (1396).

a. A device or stratagem used to escape the force of an argument, to avoid blame, or to justify one's conduct; a deceptive or evasive statement, action, etc. Also: evasive or devious behaviour; deception.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > evasive deception, shiftiness > [noun] > an evasion, subterfuge

evasionc1425

shift1545

subterfuge1563

tergiversation1570

amusement1603

shuffle1628

subterfugy1637

salvo1665

jank1705

fudge1797

shiffle-shufflea1871

the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > [noun] > crafty dealing > evasion or subterfuge > instance of

evasionc1425

subterfuge1563

elusion1608

firk1611

subterfugy1637

stall off1819

get-off1824

stall1945

1563 G. Hay Confut. Abbote of Crosraguels Masse f. 13 Your shiftes and subterfuges are well knowene to me.

1573 J. Tyrie Refut. Ansuer Knox f. 57^v I dout na thing, gif..thay ansuer directlie without all subterfuge..that it salbe easie to euerie man to espy, quha defendis the richt caus.

1602 A. Copley Another Let. to Dis-iesuited Kinseman 72 They had manie a wittie wile, manie a pretie frisk, and many a slie subterfuge, as mental euasions, equiuocations, tergiuersations, hypocrisie, and the like.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Subterfuge, a subterfuge; a shift; a priuie slip, craftie euasion, cunning escape.

1637–50 J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (Wodrow Soc.) 268 That no such subterfuge be left unto impious and wicked men.

1661 J. Glanvill Vanity of Dogmatizing v. 53 All their shifts, subtilties, newly invented Words and Modes, sly subterfuges, and studyed evasions.

1741 I. Watts Improvem. Mind i. x. 155 Do not affect little Shifts and Subterfuges to avoid the Force of an Argument.

1781 W. Cowper Friendship 189 No subterfuge or pleading Shall win my confidence again.

1829 E. Bulwer-Lytton Disowned I. vi. 103 By what subterfuge or cavil does the present claimant of these estates hope to dislodge their rightful possessor.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. v. 564 It was answered that the earl was asleep. The privy councillor thought that this was a subterfuge, and insisted on entering.

1895 H. R. Haggard Heart of World xvi I will answer you, and, scorning subterfuge or falsehood, set out the whole matter in the hearing of the people.

1910 H. H. Richardson Getting of Wisdom x. 99 Countless small subterfuges had to be resorted to, to prevent it leaking out, just how paltry her allowance was.

1933 P. G. Wodehouse Mulliner Nights 101 That terrible old woman saw through my subterfuge last night. She read me like a book.

1973 H. Brodkey in New Yorker 17 Sept. 73/1 She thought everyone dealt in ruses, in subterfuge, but that she did it best.

2007 Sunday Herald (Glasgow) 11 Mar. 43/1 There is..evidence to suggest that..Bush and his team used every subterfuge possible to convince the world that Iraq possessed weapons of mass destruction.

†b. A means of escape from blame, responsibility, etc.; an excuse. Frequently in negative contexts. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > excuse > [noun]

assoin1297

excusationc1380

pleaa1382

excusement1393

sunyiea1400

chose15..

excusec1500

allegation?1510

scuse1523

subterfuge1581

apology1598

alibi1857

out1919

the world > action or operation > inaction > not doing > abstaining or refraining from action > [noun] > avoiding an action or condition > avoiding duty, work, or exertion > evasion of responsibility, obligation, etc. > an act or means of

evasionc1425

put-by1548

put-off1548

subterfuge1581

scape-sermon1654

offput1730

come-offa1836

bypass1957

body swerve1984

the world > action or operation > safety > escape > [noun] > means of escape

posternc1475

outgatec1485

resorta1500

meuse1528

gap1548

evasiona1555

outscapea1555

way1574

outlet1625

subterfuge1761

bolting-hole1789

flighta1822

getaway1876

out1919

bolt-hole1932

1581 N. Burne Disput. Headdis of Relig. xxv. f. 115 Gif ze var veil examinat I feir ze vald dout of al: bot that ze haue na subterfuge, I propone to to [sic] zou that sam quæstione quhilk I proposed befoir.

1621 D. Lindsay True Narration Proc. Gen. Assembly Church Scotl. 71 No subterfuge might be left or giuen to those that gladly would hang betweene parties, & striue to please all.

1755 T. Smollett tr. M. de Cervantes Don Quixote I. iv. ix. 280 You have no subterfuge, nor the least room to say you was deceived.

1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. II. xxxix. 377 The queen of Scots had no other subterfuge from these pressing remonstrances.

1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth xi, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. III. 289 You seek but a subterfuge, that you may say when you are defeated..that it was for want of the number of your band fully counted out.

1899 D. J. Burrell God & People vi. 52 :The contented man is he..who realizes that there is no subterfuge from responsibility, who recognizes the imperativeness of duty.

a. A source or place of shelter, protection, safety, etc.; a refuge. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > [noun] > a place of refuge

havenc1225

infleeinga1300

leinda1300

harbourc1300

reseta1325

harbouryc1325

refutec1350

asylec1384

receipta1393

refugec1405

port salut?1407

recept1423

porta1425

receptaclec1425

place (etc.) of refuge?a1439

retreat1481

port haven1509

stelling-place1513

refugie1515

retraict1550

safe haven1555

havening place1563

sanctuarya1568

safe harbour1569

sheepfold1579

subterfuge1593

arka1616

lopeholt1616

latebra1626

asylum1642

creep-hole1646

harbourage1651

reverticle1656

creeping-hole1665

a port in a (also the) storm1714

receptory1856

padded cell1876

funk-hole1900

1593 W. Rainolds Treat. Holy Sacrifice & Sacrament 393 Suppose that this be our last refuge or subterfuge, to rest vpon the glorification of Christs body: How do yow drive vs from this subterfuge?

1658 T. Carwell Labyrinthus Cantuariensis ii. 14 He returns again to the question, Whether all Points Defined by the Church be Fundamental; and like one that provides for a Retreat, or Subter-fuge, he cuts out a number of ambiguous Distinctions.

1720 R. Welton tr. T. Alvares de Andrade Sufferings Son of God I. iv. 68 We have now a Subterfuge to flee to; under which, we are sure to be shelter'd from the Justice and Wrath of God.

1844 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VIII. lxvi. 426 This proposal drove the senate out of its last subterfuge.

1878 Rainbow Aug. 382 If men wore taught to believe, as the Scriptures teach, in their utter ruin and mortality, they could have no subterfuge to shelter them from impending wrath; their only refuge from destruction would be to fly to Christ, the giver of life.

1920 J. Lavrin Dostoevsky & his Creation v. 70 He is perfectly aware that his ‘underworld’ is nothing but a subterfuge from the real world with all its iron laws.

†b. concrete. A place to which a person escapes; a hiding place. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > a secret place, hiding place > [noun]

hidelsc975

hidela1300

bushc1330

hulkc1330

derna1340

tapissinga1340

coverta1375

hiding1382

loting-placea1398

cover14..

hiding placec1440

mewa1450

closetc1450

hole1483

cure1502

secret1530

shrouding place1571

ivy-bush1576

coney burrowa1586

hidlings1597

foxhole1606

shrouding corner1610

recess1611

subterfuge1616

latibule1623

latebra1626

blind1646

privacy1648

hide1649

retreat1697

rathole1770

hidey-hole1817

tod hole1846

hulster1880

hideout1885

cwtch1890

castle1898

lurk1906

stash1927

hideaway1930

1616 J. Bullokar Eng. Expositor Subterfuge,..a place to hide or saue one in.

1665 T. Manley tr. H. Grotius De Rebus Belgicis 363 There were in the Castle Subterfuges and Scluces, to prevent the inraging [L. iram] of the Enemy.

1737 W. Whiston tr. Josephus Jewish War vi. vii, in tr. Josephus Genuine Wks. 941 They depended on these under ground subterfuges.

3. Something designed to conceal one's true attitude, identity, etc.; a pretence, a smokescreen.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > means of concealment > [noun]

shadowc1200

blindfolding?c1225

coverturec1374

hiding1382

veilc1384

palliation?c1425

covert1574

panoply1576

hoodwink1577

mask1597

cover1600

screena1616

pretexture1618

purdah1621

subterfuge1621

tecture1624

coverlet1628

domino1836

face shield1842

concealment1847

protective colouring1873

camouflage1885

protective coloration1892

smokescreen1926

cover-up1927

scrim1942

marzipan1945

1621 T. W. tr. S. Goulart Wise Vieillard 130 It is wholly requisite that we be furnished with humilitie, patience, a frank and liberall mind,..not shrowding our selues vnder this vaine subterfuge, shift, and coullor, that our neighbour is a stranger.

1635 R. Brathwait tr. M. Silesio Arcadian Princesse 55 Connivence gives impunity to impiety, and greatnesse becomes a Subterfuge to guiltinesse.

1718 M. Prior Solomon on Vanity i, in Poems Several Occasions (new ed.) 423 They..sculk behind the Subterfuge of Art.

1733 G. Cheyne Eng. Malady ii. viii. 194 The Spleen or Vapours,..is a common Subterfuge for meer Ignorance of the Nature of Distempers.

1772 E. Griffith Wife in the Right 56 Can it be possible you should be mean enough to attempt to screen an act of perfidy and baseness, beneath the flimsy subterfuge of falsehood!

1836 tr. L. A. F. De Bourrienne Mem. Napoleon Bonaparte II. xxxix. 348 It was indispensably necessary that she [sc. Prussia] should declare herself decidedly, for with Napoleon there was no possibility of screening herself under the subterfuge of neutrality.

1883 Cent. Mag. Aug. 639/1 I do not wish it supposed that I am obliged to resort to the subterfuge of anonymousness to obtain readers for my books.

1907 Missionary Rev. of World May 360/2 Such an isolated community would be an inviting mark for all kinds of oppression under the subterfuge of administering justice.

1966 Ebony Sept. 27/3 If integration means moving to something white is moving to something ‘better,’ then integration is a subterfuge for white supremacy.

2010 T. Dalrymple in L. Barrett & J. Stewart Kierkegaard & Bible i. 52 The sermon does not use the subterfuge of pseudonymity.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

subterfugev.

Brit.

/ˈsʌbtəfjuː(d)ʒ/, U.S.

/ˈsəbtərˌfjudʒ/

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin subterfugere.

Etymology: < classical Latin subterfugere (see subterfuge n.). Compare French subterfugier (17th cent.).

1. intransitive. To use subterfuges. Now rare.In quot. 1622 apparently: to seek refuge.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > take or seek refuge [verb (intransitive)]

bield?a1400

to hide one's headc1475

shroud1579

subterfuge1622

refuge1640

to take refuge1667

haven1742

to go to earth1820

to hole up1875

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > evasive deception, shiftiness > act evasively [verb (intransitive)]

haft1519

shuffle1565

dodge1575

palter1580

shift1580

hedge1611

boggle1615

subterfuge1622

prevaricatea1625

to shuffle up and down1633

evade1660

sophisticate1664

janka1689

whiffle1737

tongue-twist1836

caffle1851

pussyfoot1902

sidestep1904

spruce1916

to fudge and mudge1980

the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > be cunning or act cunningly [verb (intransitive)] > be evasive > employ subterfuges

subterfuge1622

1622 Court Proc. 13 Mar. in S. M. Kingsbury Rec. Virginia Company (1906) I. 614 His Plantacion is made a Receptacle & Harbor of disordered personns who subterfuge thither from ordinary Iustice.

1637 in W. Prynne New Discov. Prelates Tyranny (1641) ii. 95 Upon paine of suspention of the parties offending, or subterfuging.

1843 Metrop. Mag. May 86 Mrs. Mackillop, not very well knowing what to do, subterfuged as cowardly people generally do, and pretended not to hear.

1899 A. L. Tubbs Fruit of Folly iii. 49 (stage direct.) Apparently chargrined, but still subterfuging.

1915 H. L. Chapin Poems & Plays 99 I hate him, but I must subterfuge and pretend I care for him.

1965 Lebanon (Pa.) Daily News 16 July 15/6 I..have been using these ‘wiley subterfuges’—namely ‘hanging out in the soda shop’... If you must sip something while subterfuging, sip straight soda.

†2. transitive. To escape, evade, get out of. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > safety > escape > escape from [verb (transitive)] > contrive to escape or evade

fleec1175

shunc1275

forgoc1305

passc1330

escapea1340

beglidea1350

voidc1380

shuntc1400

missa1522

evade1535

delude1536

to dally out1548

illude1553

prevent1598

outruna1616

to fail of1624

elude1634

subterfugea1643

shoot1685

shift1724

to get out of ——a1817

win by…1816

a1643 J. Shute Sarah & Hagar (1649) 59 Jonah had a plot to subterfuge his employment to Nineveh.

a1643 J. Shute Judgem. & Mercy (1645) 80 Whatsoever plea he hath before thought of to subterfuge the judgement.

Derivatives

ˈsubterfuging adj. using subterfuges; evasive, deceptive.

ΚΠ

1782 C. Rogers tr. Dante Inferno xxi. 80 Well knowing all your subterfuging wiles.

1802 in Ann. Rev. (1803) 1 391/2 No little, narrow policy, will do; no partial meanness, no monopoly, no jobbing business, nor subterfuging tricks of avarice!

1882 A. M. Diehl Garden of Eden III. iii. 264 Thea became in imagination the subterfuging wife—the wife whose stratagems are deified by her grand conjugal devotion.

1902 Southwestern Reporter 68 77/2 Courts..will not permit themselves to be misled or deceived by subterfuging schemes and diaphanous disguises.

1962 Jrnl. Negro Hist. 47 132 The struggle of the T.C.A. was one of losing court battles,..ingenious subterfuging devices, Janus-faced white merchant 'friends,' and a lethargical Negro following.

2010 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 12 Sept. 8 I realized that a whole different performance was needed for Valere, that he was too insecure and subterfuging and instead really needed to be Orson Welles.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	subterfuge
释义	subterfugen. Brit. /ˈsʌbtəfjuː(d)ʒ/, U.S. /ˈsəbtərˌfjudʒ/ Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French subterfuge; Latin subterfugium. Etymology: < (i) Middle French, French subterfuge device or stratagem used to escape a difficult situation, to avoid blame, or to justify one's conduct (1316 in an isolated attestation, subsequently from 1477; the use in sense 2 is not paralleled in French), and its etymon (ii) post-classical Latin subterfugium evasion (6th cent.; frequently from 12th cent. in British sources), hiding place, refuge (from c1200 in British sources; also in continental sources) < classical Latin subterfugere to escape by stealth, slip away, to avoid by stratagem, to dodge, evade ( < subter- subter- prefix + fugere to flee: see fuge v.) + -ium -ium suffix. Compare Italian sotterfugio (a1566; a1429 as †subterfugio in sense ‘excuse’), Spanish subterfugio (1396). 1. a. A device or stratagem used to escape the force of an argument, to avoid blame, or to justify one's conduct; a deceptive or evasive statement, action, etc. Also: evasive or devious behaviour; deception. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > evasive deception, shiftiness > [noun] > an evasion, subterfuge evasionc1425 shift1545 subterfuge1563 tergiversation1570 amusement1603 shuffle1628 subterfugy1637 salvo1665 jank1705 fudge1797 shiffle-shufflea1871 the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > [noun] > crafty dealing > evasion or subterfuge > instance of evasionc1425 subterfuge1563 elusion1608 firk1611 subterfugy1637 stall off1819 get-off1824 stall1945 1563 G. Hay Confut. Abbote of Crosraguels Masse f. 13 Your shiftes and subterfuges are well knowene to me. 1573 J. Tyrie Refut. Ansuer Knox f. 57^v I dout na thing, gif..thay ansuer directlie without all subterfuge..that it salbe easie to euerie man to espy, quha defendis the richt caus. 1602 A. Copley Another Let. to Dis-iesuited Kinseman 72 They had manie a wittie wile, manie a pretie frisk, and many a slie subterfuge, as mental euasions, equiuocations, tergiuersations, hypocrisie, and the like. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Subterfuge, a subterfuge; a shift; a priuie slip, craftie euasion, cunning escape. 1637–50 J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (Wodrow Soc.) 268 That no such subterfuge be left unto impious and wicked men. 1661 J. Glanvill Vanity of Dogmatizing v. 53 All their shifts, subtilties, newly invented Words and Modes, sly subterfuges, and studyed evasions. 1741 I. Watts Improvem. Mind i. x. 155 Do not affect little Shifts and Subterfuges to avoid the Force of an Argument. 1781 W. Cowper Friendship 189 No subterfuge or pleading Shall win my confidence again. 1829 E. Bulwer-Lytton Disowned I. vi. 103 By what subterfuge or cavil does the present claimant of these estates hope to dislodge their rightful possessor. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. v. 564 It was answered that the earl was asleep. The privy councillor thought that this was a subterfuge, and insisted on entering. 1895 H. R. Haggard Heart of World xvi I will answer you, and, scorning subterfuge or falsehood, set out the whole matter in the hearing of the people. 1910 H. H. Richardson Getting of Wisdom x. 99 Countless small subterfuges had to be resorted to, to prevent it leaking out, just how paltry her allowance was. 1933 P. G. Wodehouse Mulliner Nights 101 That terrible old woman saw through my subterfuge last night. She read me like a book. 1973 H. Brodkey in New Yorker 17 Sept. 73/1 She thought everyone dealt in ruses, in subterfuge, but that she did it best. 2007 Sunday Herald (Glasgow) 11 Mar. 43/1 There is..evidence to suggest that..Bush and his team used every subterfuge possible to convince the world that Iraq possessed weapons of mass destruction. †b. A means of escape from blame, responsibility, etc.; an excuse. Frequently in negative contexts. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > immunity or exemption from liability > excuse > [noun] assoin1297 excusationc1380 pleaa1382 excusement1393 sunyiea1400 chose15.. excusec1500 allegation?1510 scuse1523 subterfuge1581 apology1598 alibi1857 out1919 the world > action or operation > inaction > not doing > abstaining or refraining from action > [noun] > avoiding an action or condition > avoiding duty, work, or exertion > evasion of responsibility, obligation, etc. > an act or means of evasionc1425 put-by1548 put-off1548 subterfuge1581 scape-sermon1654 offput1730 come-offa1836 bypass1957 body swerve1984 the world > action or operation > safety > escape > [noun] > means of escape posternc1475 outgatec1485 resorta1500 meuse1528 gap1548 evasiona1555 outscapea1555 way1574 outlet1625 subterfuge1761 bolting-hole1789 flighta1822 getaway1876 out1919 bolt-hole1932 1581 N. Burne Disput. Headdis of Relig. xxv. f. 115 Gif ze var veil examinat I feir ze vald dout of al: bot that ze haue na subterfuge, I propone to to [sic] zou that sam quæstione quhilk I proposed befoir. 1621 D. Lindsay True Narration Proc. Gen. Assembly Church Scotl. 71 No subterfuge might be left or giuen to those that gladly would hang betweene parties, & striue to please all. 1755 T. Smollett tr. M. de Cervantes Don Quixote I. iv. ix. 280 You have no subterfuge, nor the least room to say you was deceived. 1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. II. xxxix. 377 The queen of Scots had no other subterfuge from these pressing remonstrances. 1828 W. Scott Fair Maid of Perth xi, in Chron. Canongate 2nd Ser. III. 289 You seek but a subterfuge, that you may say when you are defeated..that it was for want of the number of your band fully counted out. 1899 D. J. Burrell God & People vi. 52 :The contented man is he..who realizes that there is no subterfuge from responsibility, who recognizes the imperativeness of duty. 2. a. A source or place of shelter, protection, safety, etc.; a refuge. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > [noun] > a place of refuge havenc1225 infleeinga1300 leinda1300 harbourc1300 reseta1325 harbouryc1325 refutec1350 asylec1384 receipta1393 refugec1405 port salut?1407 recept1423 porta1425 receptaclec1425 place (etc.) of refuge?a1439 retreat1481 port haven1509 stelling-place1513 refugie1515 retraict1550 safe haven1555 havening place1563 sanctuarya1568 safe harbour1569 sheepfold1579 subterfuge1593 arka1616 lopeholt1616 latebra1626 asylum1642 creep-hole1646 harbourage1651 reverticle1656 creeping-hole1665 a port in a (also the) storm1714 receptory1856 padded cell1876 funk-hole1900 1593 W. Rainolds Treat. Holy Sacrifice & Sacrament 393 Suppose that this be our last refuge or subterfuge, to rest vpon the glorification of Christs body: How do yow drive vs from this subterfuge? 1658 T. Carwell Labyrinthus Cantuariensis ii. 14 He returns again to the question, Whether all Points Defined by the Church be Fundamental; and like one that provides for a Retreat, or Subter-fuge, he cuts out a number of ambiguous Distinctions. 1720 R. Welton tr. T. Alvares de Andrade Sufferings Son of God I. iv. 68 We have now a Subterfuge to flee to; under which, we are sure to be shelter'd from the Justice and Wrath of God. 1844 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VIII. lxvi. 426 This proposal drove the senate out of its last subterfuge. 1878 Rainbow Aug. 382 If men wore taught to believe, as the Scriptures teach, in their utter ruin and mortality, they could have no subterfuge to shelter them from impending wrath; their only refuge from destruction would be to fly to Christ, the giver of life. 1920 J. Lavrin Dostoevsky & his Creation v. 70 He is perfectly aware that his ‘underworld’ is nothing but a subterfuge from the real world with all its iron laws. †b. concrete. A place to which a person escapes; a hiding place. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > a secret place, hiding place > [noun] hidelsc975 hidela1300 bushc1330 hulkc1330 derna1340 tapissinga1340 coverta1375 hiding1382 loting-placea1398 cover14.. hiding placec1440 mewa1450 closetc1450 hole1483 cure1502 secret1530 shrouding place1571 ivy-bush1576 coney burrowa1586 hidlings1597 foxhole1606 shrouding corner1610 recess1611 subterfuge1616 latibule1623 latebra1626 blind1646 privacy1648 hide1649 retreat1697 rathole1770 hidey-hole1817 tod hole1846 hulster1880 hideout1885 cwtch1890 castle1898 lurk1906 stash1927 hideaway1930 1616 J. Bullokar Eng. Expositor Subterfuge,..a place to hide or saue one in. 1665 T. Manley tr. H. Grotius De Rebus Belgicis 363 There were in the Castle Subterfuges and Scluces, to prevent the inraging [L. iram] of the Enemy. 1737 W. Whiston tr. Josephus Jewish War vi. vii, in tr. Josephus Genuine Wks. 941 They depended on these under ground subterfuges. 3. Something designed to conceal one's true attitude, identity, etc.; a pretence, a smokescreen. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > means of concealment > [noun] shadowc1200 blindfolding?c1225 coverturec1374 hiding1382 veilc1384 palliation?c1425 covert1574 panoply1576 hoodwink1577 mask1597 cover1600 screena1616 pretexture1618 purdah1621 subterfuge1621 tecture1624 coverlet1628 domino1836 face shield1842 concealment1847 protective colouring1873 camouflage1885 protective coloration1892 smokescreen1926 cover-up1927 scrim1942 marzipan1945 1621 T. W. tr. S. Goulart Wise Vieillard 130 It is wholly requisite that we be furnished with humilitie, patience, a frank and liberall mind,..not shrowding our selues vnder this vaine subterfuge, shift, and coullor, that our neighbour is a stranger. 1635 R. Brathwait tr. M. Silesio Arcadian Princesse 55 Connivence gives impunity to impiety, and greatnesse becomes a Subterfuge to guiltinesse. 1718 M. Prior Solomon on Vanity i, in Poems Several Occasions (new ed.) 423 They..sculk behind the Subterfuge of Art. 1733 G. Cheyne Eng. Malady ii. viii. 194 The Spleen or Vapours,..is a common Subterfuge for meer Ignorance of the Nature of Distempers. 1772 E. Griffith Wife in the Right 56 Can it be possible you should be mean enough to attempt to screen an act of perfidy and baseness, beneath the flimsy subterfuge of falsehood! 1836 tr. L. A. F. De Bourrienne Mem. Napoleon Bonaparte II. xxxix. 348 It was indispensably necessary that she [sc. Prussia] should declare herself decidedly, for with Napoleon there was no possibility of screening herself under the subterfuge of neutrality. 1883 Cent. Mag. Aug. 639/1 I do not wish it supposed that I am obliged to resort to the subterfuge of anonymousness to obtain readers for my books. 1907 Missionary Rev. of World May 360/2 Such an isolated community would be an inviting mark for all kinds of oppression under the subterfuge of administering justice. 1966 Ebony Sept. 27/3 If integration means moving to something white is moving to something ‘better,’ then integration is a subterfuge for white supremacy. 2010 T. Dalrymple in L. Barrett & J. Stewart Kierkegaard & Bible i. 52 The sermon does not use the subterfuge of pseudonymity. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022). subterfugev. Brit. /ˈsʌbtəfjuː(d)ʒ/, U.S. /ˈsəbtərˌfjudʒ/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin subterfugere. Etymology: < classical Latin subterfugere (see subterfuge n.). Compare French subterfugier (17th cent.). 1. intransitive. To use subterfuges. Now rare.In quot. 1622 apparently: to seek refuge. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > take or seek refuge [verb (intransitive)] bield?a1400 to hide one's headc1475 shroud1579 subterfuge1622 refuge1640 to take refuge1667 haven1742 to go to earth1820 to hole up1875 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > evasive deception, shiftiness > act evasively [verb (intransitive)] haft1519 shuffle1565 dodge1575 palter1580 shift1580 hedge1611 boggle1615 subterfuge1622 prevaricatea1625 to shuffle up and down1633 evade1660 sophisticate1664 janka1689 whiffle1737 tongue-twist1836 caffle1851 pussyfoot1902 sidestep1904 spruce1916 to fudge and mudge1980 the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > be cunning or act cunningly [verb (intransitive)] > be evasive > employ subterfuges subterfuge1622 1622 Court Proc. 13 Mar. in S. M. Kingsbury Rec. Virginia Company (1906) I. 614 His Plantacion is made a Receptacle & Harbor of disordered personns who subterfuge thither from ordinary Iustice. 1637 in W. Prynne New Discov. Prelates Tyranny (1641) ii. 95 Upon paine of suspention of the parties offending, or subterfuging. 1843 Metrop. Mag. May 86 Mrs. Mackillop, not very well knowing what to do, subterfuged as cowardly people generally do, and pretended not to hear. 1899 A. L. Tubbs Fruit of Folly iii. 49 (stage direct.) Apparently chargrined, but still subterfuging. 1915 H. L. Chapin Poems & Plays 99 I hate him, but I must subterfuge and pretend I care for him. 1965 Lebanon (Pa.) Daily News 16 July 15/6 I..have been using these ‘wiley subterfuges’—namely ‘hanging out in the soda shop’... If you must sip something while subterfuging, sip straight soda. †2. transitive. To escape, evade, get out of. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > safety > escape > escape from [verb (transitive)] > contrive to escape or evade fleec1175 shunc1275 forgoc1305 passc1330 escapea1340 beglidea1350 voidc1380 shuntc1400 missa1522 evade1535 delude1536 to dally out1548 illude1553 prevent1598 outruna1616 to fail of1624 elude1634 subterfugea1643 shoot1685 shift1724 to get out of ——a1817 win by…1816 a1643 J. Shute Sarah & Hagar (1649) 59 Jonah had a plot to subterfuge his employment to Nineveh. a1643 J. Shute Judgem. & Mercy (1645) 80 Whatsoever plea he hath before thought of to subterfuge the judgement. Derivatives ˈsubterfuging adj. using subterfuges; evasive, deceptive. ΚΠ 1782 C. Rogers tr. Dante Inferno xxi. 80 Well knowing all your subterfuging wiles. 1802 in Ann. Rev. (1803) 1 391/2 No little, narrow policy, will do; no partial meanness, no monopoly, no jobbing business, nor subterfuging tricks of avarice! 1882 A. M. Diehl Garden of Eden III. iii. 264 Thea became in imagination the subterfuging wife—the wife whose stratagems are deified by her grand conjugal devotion. 1902 Southwestern Reporter 68 77/2 Courts..will not permit themselves to be misled or deceived by subterfuging schemes and diaphanous disguises. 1962 Jrnl. Negro Hist. 47 132 The struggle of the T.C.A. was one of losing court battles,..ingenious subterfuging devices, Janus-faced white merchant 'friends,' and a lethargical Negro following. 2010 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 12 Sept. 8 I realized that a whole different performance was needed for Valere, that he was too insecure and subterfuging and instead really needed to be Orson Welles. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1563v.1622
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