英语词汇“sufficient reason”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

c. Modern Philosophy. (principle or law of) sufficient reason: see quot. 1717¹. sufficient condition (see quot. 1930); cf. necessary condition n. at necessary adj. 1e. Sufficient reason is a translation of Leibniz's ‘raison suffisante’ ( Monadologie, 1714, §§31, 32), for which he had previously suggested ‘raison déterminante’ ( Réfl. sur le livre de Hobbes, 1710); he may have been influenced in his final selection of the adjective by the use of sufficient cause in:

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the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > philosophy of optimism > [noun] > Leibniz' philosophy of optimism and its adherents > elements of

(principle or law of) sufficient reason1656

possible worlda1674

pre-established harmony1725

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical truth > [noun] > truth condition

sufficient condition1914

truth condition1922

1656 T. Hobbes Quest. Liberty, Necess. & Chance 294 I hold that to be a sufficient cause to which nothing is wanting that is needful to the producing of the effect. The same is also a necessary cause.

1717 S. Clarke tr. G. W. Leibniz in Papers between Leibnitz & Clarke 21 In order to proceed from Mathematicks to Natural Philosophy, another Principle is requisite, as I have observed in my Theodicæa: I mean, the Principle of a sufficient Reason, viz. that nothing happens without a Reason why it should be so, rather than otherwise.1717 S. Clarke tr. G. W. Leibniz in Papers between Leibnitz & Clarke 207 The Principle of the Want of a sufficient Reason does alone drive away all these Spectres of Imagination.1838 A. De Morgan Ess. Probabilities 10 Many of our conclusions are derived from this principle, which is called in mathematics the want of sufficient reason.1839 Penny Cycl. XIII. 398/2 The fundamental principles of all reasoning, namely, the principle of contradiction and the law of sufficient reason.1839 Penny Cycl. XIII. 399/1 This adjustment of the monads was in accordance with certain sufficient reasons in each monad..; this sufficient reason was their comparative perfection.1862 F. D. Maurice Mod. Philos. viii. §72. 516 The sufficient reason..must be found, seeing that it is implied in all demonstrations.1914 B. Russell Our Knowl. External World iv. 109 In the hypothetical sense, continuity may be allowed to be a necessary condition if two appearances are to be classed as appearances of the same thing. But it is not a sufficient condition, as appears from the instance of the drops in the sea.1923 C. D. Broad Sci. Thought xiii. 499 Certain brain-events are the necessary and sufficient conditions of the occurrence of all our different sensations.1930 L. S. Stebbing Mod. Introd. Logic xv. 271 A condition X is a sufficient condition of an occurrence A provided that whenever X is present A occurs. But if A may occur when X is absent, then X, though a sufficient is not a necessary condition of A.1948 A. Ambrose & M. Lazerowitz Fund. Symbolic Logic v. 83 The sufficient condition for q's truth is given by ‘p ⊃ q’.1949 A. Pap Elem. Analyt. Philos. x. 212 If a sufficient condition is complex—as it almost invariably is—then it may consist in a conjunction of necessary conditions.1965 E. J. Lemmon Beginning Logic i. 28 Hence we shall say that, whenever it is the case that if P then Q, P is sufficient condition for Q, and, whenever it is the case that only if P then Q, P is a necessary condition for Q.

单词	sufficient reason
释义	> as lemmas (principle or law of) sufficient reason c. Modern Philosophy. (principle or law of) sufficient reason: see quot. 1717¹. sufficient condition (see quot. 1930); cf. necessary condition n. at necessary adj. 1e. Sufficient reason is a translation of Leibniz's ‘raison suffisante’ ( Monadologie, 1714, §§31, 32), for which he had previously suggested ‘raison déterminante’ ( Réfl. sur le livre de Hobbes, 1710); he may have been influenced in his final selection of the adjective by the use of sufficient cause in: ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > philosophy of optimism > [noun] > Leibniz' philosophy of optimism and its adherents > elements of (principle or law of) sufficient reason1656 possible worlda1674 pre-established harmony1725 the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical truth > [noun] > truth condition sufficient condition1914 truth condition1922 1656 T. Hobbes Quest. Liberty, Necess. & Chance 294 I hold that to be a sufficient cause to which nothing is wanting that is needful to the producing of the effect. The same is also a necessary cause. 1717 S. Clarke tr. G. W. Leibniz in Papers between Leibnitz & Clarke 21 In order to proceed from Mathematicks to Natural Philosophy, another Principle is requisite, as I have observed in my Theodicæa: I mean, the Principle of a sufficient Reason, viz. that nothing happens without a Reason why it should be so, rather than otherwise.1717 S. Clarke tr. G. W. Leibniz in Papers between Leibnitz & Clarke 207 The Principle of the Want of a sufficient Reason does alone drive away all these Spectres of Imagination.1838 A. De Morgan Ess. Probabilities 10 Many of our conclusions are derived from this principle, which is called in mathematics the want of sufficient reason.1839 Penny Cycl. XIII. 398/2 The fundamental principles of all reasoning, namely, the principle of contradiction and the law of sufficient reason.1839 Penny Cycl. XIII. 399/1 This adjustment of the monads was in accordance with certain sufficient reasons in each monad..; this sufficient reason was their comparative perfection.1862 F. D. Maurice Mod. Philos. viii. §72. 516 The sufficient reason..must be found, seeing that it is implied in all demonstrations.1914 B. Russell Our Knowl. External World iv. 109 In the hypothetical sense, continuity may be allowed to be a necessary condition if two appearances are to be classed as appearances of the same thing. But it is not a sufficient condition, as appears from the instance of the drops in the sea.1923 C. D. Broad Sci. Thought xiii. 499 Certain brain-events are the necessary and sufficient conditions of the occurrence of all our different sensations.1930 L. S. Stebbing Mod. Introd. Logic xv. 271 A condition X is a sufficient condition of an occurrence A provided that whenever X is present A occurs. But if A may occur when X is absent, then X, though a sufficient is not a necessary condition of A.1948 A. Ambrose & M. Lazerowitz Fund. Symbolic Logic v. 83 The sufficient condition for q's truth is given by ‘p ⊃ q’.1949 A. Pap Elem. Analyt. Philos. x. 212 If a sufficient condition is complex—as it almost invariably is—then it may consist in a conjunction of necessary conditions.1965 E. J. Lemmon Beginning Logic i. 28 Hence we shall say that, whenever it is the case that if P then Q, P is sufficient condition for Q, and, whenever it is the case that only if P then Q, P is a necessary condition for Q. extracted from sufficientadj.adv.n. < as lemmas
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> as lemmas