supererogationn.

Brit.

/ˌsuːpərˌɛrəˈɡeɪʃn/,

/ˌsjuːpərˌɛrəˈɡeɪʃn/, U.S.

/ˌsupərˌɛrəˈɡeɪʃən/

Forms:

α. 1500s superogacion, 1500s superogacyon, 1500s superogation.

β. 1500s supererogacion, 1500s supererogatioun (Scottish), 1500s–1700s supererrogation, 1500s– supererogation.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin supererogation-, supererogatio.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin supererogation-, supererogatio payment in addition (perhaps 2nd cent. a.d.), action of doing more than one's duty (6th cent.) < supererogat- , past participial stem of supererogare supererogate v. + classical Latin -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Middle French supererogacion, Middle French, French †supererogation (1374; French surérogation, with prefix substitution (1610)), Spanish supererogación (second half of the 15th cent.), Portuguese supererrogação (a1575 as †supererogação; also 1680 as †superrogação), Italian supererogazione (1673; 1598 in Florio as †soprarogatione, †superarogatione).The α. forms result from haplology. Compare Middle French superrogacion (1457 in an apparently isolated attestation). In work of supererogation n. at Phrases after post-classical Latin opus supererogationis (1517 or earlier; chiefly in plural opera supererogationis (1530 or earlier)). Compare also Middle French euvre de superrogacion (1457), French œuvre de surérogation (1610), both chiefly in plural.

a. Theology. In the Roman Catholic Church: the performance of good works beyond what God commands or requires, held to contribute to a store of merit which the Church may dispense to others to make up for their deficiencies; an instance of this. Also: (belief in) this doctrine. Frequently in work of supererogation n. at Phrases.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > good works > [noun] > performance of good works beyond requirements

supererogation1526

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Qii Nat onely where thou oughtest so to do of duety, but also, of deuout perfection & superogacion [sic: cf. Old French superrogacion].

a1624 R. Crakanthorpe Vigilius Dormitans (1631) xix. 314 Their Purgatorian fire, their five new-found proper Sacraments, condignity of workes, yea Supererogation, and an armie of like heresies.

1645 J. Milton Tetrachordon 74 The fear is, least this not being a command, would prove an evangelic counsel, & so make way for supererogations.

1779 R. Robinson tr. J. Claude Ess. Composition Serm. II. 135/2 On one side, benefits of pardons, supererogations, indulgencies,..and so on: and, on the other..desertion in purgatory, and damnation in hell.

1826 G. S. Faber Diffic. Romanism xi. 183 Whether he was himself ashamed of the doctrine of supererogation, or whether he thought it imprudent to exhibit such a phantasy before the eyes of his English correspondent, I shall not pretend to determine.

1836 W. Nevins Thoughts on Popery lv. 201 In so far as he is more holy than this, since this is all that is required, the surplus is set down to the account of supererogation!

1909 World To-day Feb. 159/2 Père Fradin, apostle of supererogation, gives them more; a bowl of hot soup, a cup of red wine, the freedom of his entire house.

1996 Belfast Tel. (Nexis) 3 Aug. His statement that the works which contribute to an individual's justification are those of Christ... is a selective rendering of the Roman Catholic doctrine of supererogation.

b. In extended use. That which is more than duty or circumstances require, or more than is needed; superfluity. Also: an instance of this; a superfluous act or thing; a superfluous quantity or amount.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > outdoing or surpassing > [noun] > doing more than demanded or required

supererogation1567

supererogating1617

1567 T. Stapleton Counterblast i. vi. f. 35^v I trow of some meritoriouse supererogation..he aduentureth the prouf himself that M. Fekenham is not ignorant of this supremacy.

1581 R. Mulcaster Positions xl. 226 Rich men..would be stirred..to spend the supererogation of their wealth..where it will do most good to other.

1601 B. Jonson Fountaine of Selfe-love ii. i. sig. D Mer. Then thou hast not altered thy name with thy disguise? Cup. O No, that had bin Supererogation .

a1649 W. Drummond Wks. (1711) 210 Such is the Supererogation of some of the Petitioners, above what His Majesty requires.

1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 54. ⁋6 An Act of so great Supererogation, as singing without a Voice.

1796 F. Burney Camilla V. ix. ix. 177 Reason might have shewn this a tie of supererogation.

1836 J. Baillie Enthusiasm ii. v. 403 ‘The pretty gadfly, sporting in the rays Of Sol's bright beams’... This is what may be called supererogation or opulence of language.

1871 C. H. Spurgeon Treasury of David II. Ps. xlii. 3 It was a supererogation of malice to pump more tears from a heart which already overflowed.

1996 Times (Nexis) 27 Nov. Sir, It is surely a supererogation of riches to be presented with two bishops' letters on a single day.

†2. The action of giving or spending more than is required or has been received. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only in dictionaries, perhaps after the corresponding sense of the verb to supererogate: see supererogate v. 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > payment > [noun] > payment over and above

overpayment1585

supererogation1604

supplement1832

1604 R. Cawdrey Table Alphabet. Supererogation, giuing more then is required.

1616 J. Bullokar Eng. Expositor Supererogation, laying out of more then one hath receiued.

Phrases

work of supererogation n. (a) (in Roman Catholic doctrine, chiefly in plural) an action or good work beyond those required by God, believed to contribute to a reserve fund of merit that can be drawn on by prayer in favour of sinners; (b) (in extended use, frequently in singular) any work or good deed done over and above what is required; (more generally) any action regarded as superfluous.

ΚΠ

1553 Articles agreed on by Bishoppes 1552 xiii Voluntarie woorkes besides, ouer, and aboue Goddes commaundementes, whiche thei cal woorkes of Supererogation, cannot be taught without arrogancie, and iniquitie.

1592 T. Nashe Strange Newes A 4 b The strong fayth you haue conceiu'd, that I would do workes of supererrogation in answering the Doctor.

1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus (i. 4) 57 All that Popish doctrine concerning workes of preparation and disposition before grace: and of merit and supererogation after.

1756 H. Walpole Let. 24 Jan. (1840) III. 189 I was prepared to be very grateful if you had done just what I desired; but I declare I have no thanks ready for a work of supererogation.

1760 L. Sterne Serm. Mr. Yorick II. xiv. 203 Works of supererogation, and the many lucrative practices raised upon that capital stock.

1821 Times 13 Dec. 3/1 It would be a mere work of supererogation to enter into a critical recension of the merits or demerits of a play.

1913 Geogr. Jrnl. 41 163 It might be considered a work of supererogation to phoneticize such names as London or Kirkby Lonsdale.

1920 Bibliotheca Sacra Apr. 169 Living in the days..when the Catholic Church taught that an excess of merit might be acquired through works of supererogation.

2004 National Post (Canada) (Nexis) 1 May (Business Mag.) 12 Arguing that corporations should not perform what are sometimes called works of supererogation: actions that are morally good but not morally obligatory, such as giving money to cancer research.

Compounds

supererogation man n. (usually in plural) a derogatory term for a Methodist (see methodist n. 4), regarded as a believer in the doctrine of supererogation; also in extended use.

ΚΠ

1732 J. Wesley Let. 18 Oct. (1931) I. 132 As for the names of Methodists, Supererogation Men, and so on, with which some of our neighbours are pleased to compliment us, we do not conceive ourselves under any obligation to regard them.

1738 Oxf. Methodists 8 They observe strictly the Fasts of the Church; and this has given occasion to such as do not approve of them, abusively to call them supererogation men.

1887 J. Hunt Reveries, Reviews, Recollections 64 Such phrases as the Godly Club—Supererogation men—Reforming Club—Enthusiasts, and not the least appropriate, Methodists, being applied to that devoted band of young men at Oxford.

1998 B. S. Turner Weber & Islam 63 Sufis are thus sometimes referred to, not misleadingly, as the supererogation men of Islam.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	supererogation
释义	supererogationn. Brit. /ˌsuːpərˌɛrəˈɡeɪʃn/, /ˌsjuːpərˌɛrəˈɡeɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌsupərˌɛrəˈɡeɪʃən/ Forms: α. 1500s superogacion, 1500s superogacyon, 1500s superogation. β. 1500s supererogacion, 1500s supererogatioun (Scottish), 1500s–1700s supererrogation, 1500s– supererogation. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin supererogation-, supererogatio. Etymology: < post-classical Latin supererogation-, supererogatio payment in addition (perhaps 2nd cent. a.d.), action of doing more than one's duty (6th cent.) < supererogat- , past participial stem of supererogare supererogate v. + classical Latin -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Middle French supererogacion, Middle French, French †supererogation (1374; French surérogation, with prefix substitution (1610)), Spanish supererogación (second half of the 15th cent.), Portuguese supererrogação (a1575 as †supererogação; also 1680 as †superrogação), Italian supererogazione (1673; 1598 in Florio as †soprarogatione, †superarogatione).The α. forms result from haplology. Compare Middle French superrogacion (1457 in an apparently isolated attestation). In work of supererogation n. at Phrases after post-classical Latin opus supererogationis (1517 or earlier; chiefly in plural opera supererogationis (1530 or earlier)). Compare also Middle French euvre de superrogacion (1457), French œuvre de surérogation (1610), both chiefly in plural. 1. a. Theology. In the Roman Catholic Church: the performance of good works beyond what God commands or requires, held to contribute to a store of merit which the Church may dispense to others to make up for their deficiencies; an instance of this. Also: (belief in) this doctrine. Frequently in work of supererogation n. at Phrases. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > good works > [noun] > performance of good works beyond requirements supererogation1526 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Qii Nat onely where thou oughtest so to do of duety, but also, of deuout perfection & superogacion [sic: cf. Old French superrogacion]. a1624 R. Crakanthorpe Vigilius Dormitans (1631) xix. 314 Their Purgatorian fire, their five new-found proper Sacraments, condignity of workes, yea Supererogation, and an armie of like heresies. 1645 J. Milton Tetrachordon 74 The fear is, least this not being a command, would prove an evangelic counsel, & so make way for supererogations. 1779 R. Robinson tr. J. Claude Ess. Composition Serm. II. 135/2 On one side, benefits of pardons, supererogations, indulgencies,..and so on: and, on the other..desertion in purgatory, and damnation in hell. 1826 G. S. Faber Diffic. Romanism xi. 183 Whether he was himself ashamed of the doctrine of supererogation, or whether he thought it imprudent to exhibit such a phantasy before the eyes of his English correspondent, I shall not pretend to determine. 1836 W. Nevins Thoughts on Popery lv. 201 In so far as he is more holy than this, since this is all that is required, the surplus is set down to the account of supererogation! 1909 World To-day Feb. 159/2 Père Fradin, apostle of supererogation, gives them more; a bowl of hot soup, a cup of red wine, the freedom of his entire house. 1996 Belfast Tel. (Nexis) 3 Aug. His statement that the works which contribute to an individual's justification are those of Christ... is a selective rendering of the Roman Catholic doctrine of supererogation. b. In extended use. That which is more than duty or circumstances require, or more than is needed; superfluity. Also: an instance of this; a superfluous act or thing; a superfluous quantity or amount. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > advancement or progress > outdoing or surpassing > [noun] > doing more than demanded or required supererogation1567 supererogating1617 1567 T. Stapleton Counterblast i. vi. f. 35^v I trow of some meritoriouse supererogation..he aduentureth the prouf himself that M. Fekenham is not ignorant of this supremacy. 1581 R. Mulcaster Positions xl. 226 Rich men..would be stirred..to spend the supererogation of their wealth..where it will do most good to other. 1601 B. Jonson Fountaine of Selfe-love ii. i. sig. D Mer. Then thou hast not altered thy name with thy disguise? Cup. O No, that had bin Supererogation . View more context for this quotation a1649 W. Drummond Wks. (1711) 210 Such is the Supererogation of some of the Petitioners, above what His Majesty requires. 1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 54. ⁋6 An Act of so great Supererogation, as singing without a Voice. 1796 F. Burney Camilla V. ix. ix. 177 Reason might have shewn this a tie of supererogation. 1836 J. Baillie Enthusiasm ii. v. 403 ‘The pretty gadfly, sporting in the rays Of Sol's bright beams’... This is what may be called supererogation or opulence of language. 1871 C. H. Spurgeon Treasury of David II. Ps. xlii. 3 It was a supererogation of malice to pump more tears from a heart which already overflowed. 1996 Times (Nexis) 27 Nov. Sir, It is surely a supererogation of riches to be presented with two bishops' letters on a single day. †2. The action of giving or spending more than is required or has been received. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only in dictionaries, perhaps after the corresponding sense of the verb to supererogate: see supererogate v. 2. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > payment > [noun] > payment over and above overpayment1585 supererogation1604 supplement1832 1604 R. Cawdrey Table Alphabet. Supererogation, giuing more then is required. 1616 J. Bullokar Eng. Expositor Supererogation, laying out of more then one hath receiued. Phrases work of supererogation n. (a) (in Roman Catholic doctrine, chiefly in plural) an action or good work beyond those required by God, believed to contribute to a reserve fund of merit that can be drawn on by prayer in favour of sinners; (b) (in extended use, frequently in singular) any work or good deed done over and above what is required; (more generally) any action regarded as superfluous. ΚΠ 1553 Articles agreed on by Bishoppes 1552 xiii Voluntarie woorkes besides, ouer, and aboue Goddes commaundementes, whiche thei cal woorkes of Supererogation, cannot be taught without arrogancie, and iniquitie. 1592 T. Nashe Strange Newes A 4 b The strong fayth you haue conceiu'd, that I would do workes of supererrogation in answering the Doctor. 1612 T. Taylor Αρχὴν Ἁπάντων: Comm. Epist. Paul to Titus (i. 4) 57 All that Popish doctrine concerning workes of preparation and disposition before grace: and of merit and supererogation after. 1756 H. Walpole Let. 24 Jan. (1840) III. 189 I was prepared to be very grateful if you had done just what I desired; but I declare I have no thanks ready for a work of supererogation. 1760 L. Sterne Serm. Mr. Yorick II. xiv. 203 Works of supererogation, and the many lucrative practices raised upon that capital stock. 1821 Times 13 Dec. 3/1 It would be a mere work of supererogation to enter into a critical recension of the merits or demerits of a play. 1913 Geogr. Jrnl. 41 163 It might be considered a work of supererogation to phoneticize such names as London or Kirkby Lonsdale. 1920 Bibliotheca Sacra Apr. 169 Living in the days..when the Catholic Church taught that an excess of merit might be acquired through works of supererogation. 2004 National Post (Canada) (Nexis) 1 May (Business Mag.) 12 Arguing that corporations should not perform what are sometimes called works of supererogation: actions that are morally good but not morally obligatory, such as giving money to cancer research. Compounds supererogation man n. (usually in plural) a derogatory term for a Methodist (see methodist n. 4), regarded as a believer in the doctrine of supererogation; also in extended use. ΚΠ 1732 J. Wesley Let. 18 Oct. (1931) I. 132 As for the names of Methodists, Supererogation Men, and so on, with which some of our neighbours are pleased to compliment us, we do not conceive ourselves under any obligation to regard them. 1738 Oxf. Methodists 8 They observe strictly the Fasts of the Church; and this has given occasion to such as do not approve of them, abusively to call them supererogation men. 1887 J. Hunt Reveries, Reviews, Recollections 64 Such phrases as the Godly Club—Supererogation men—Reforming Club—Enthusiasts, and not the least appropriate, Methodists, being applied to that devoted band of young men at Oxford. 1998 B. S. Turner Weber & Islam 63 Sufis are thus sometimes referred to, not misleadingly, as the supererogation men of Islam. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1526
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