suprasegmentaladj.n.

Brit.

/ˌsuːprəsɛɡˈmɛntl/,

/ˌsjuːprəsɛɡˈmɛntl/, U.S.

/ˌsuprəˌsɛɡˈmɛn(t)l/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: supra- prefix, segmental adj.

Etymology: < supra- prefix + segmental adj.

A. adj.

1. Anatomy and Physiology. Occupying a level of organization that is higher than segmental or intersegmental; spec. designating the parts of the central nervous system located above the brainstem or the lower part of the brainstem (cf. segmental apparatus at segmental adj. 2a); of, relating to, or involving these parts of the brain.

ΚΠ

1898 Jrnl. Compar. Neurol. 8 312 Apart from the segmental and intersegmental mechanisms, we have found suprasegmental mechanisms, anatomically lifted out of the neural stem as cerebellum, midbrain-ganglia and thalamo-cerebrum.

1919 Neurol. Bull. 2 429/1 These two tracts are suprasegmental because they bring the segmented portion of the nervous system into connection with a suprasegmental structure, the cerebellum.

1927 Jrnl. Anat. 61 183 There is the suprasegmental heart, the intersegmental vessels, of which the most striking is the aorta, and the segmental vessels.

1974 V. B. Mountcastle et al. Med. Physiol. (ed. 13) I. xxiii. 649/2 Reflex or suprasegmental stimuli that are insufficient to discharge alpha motor neurons.

2010 Biol. Psychol. 84 396/1 Suprasegmental integration higher in the brain stem is required for regulation of functions such as respiration, blood pressure, swallowing, and pupillary movement.

2. Linguistics. Designating a phonological feature of an utterance other than the consonantal and vocalic components, e.g. (in English) stress and intonation; (also) of or relating to the phonological study of these features. Cf. segmental adj. 2c.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > intonation, pitch, or stress > [adjective] > prosodic

prosodic1923

suprasegmental1941

plurisegmental1960

1941 G. L. Trager & B. Bloch in Language 17 224 These two kinds of phonemes [sc. juncture and prosodic phonemes] are usually recognizable only as modifications of other sound-types; they are suprasegmental.

1942 C. F. Hockett in Language 18 8 Features..which clearly extend over a series of several segmental groupings are suprasegmental.

1953 C. E. Bazell Ling. Form 3 It is to be noted however that the intra-segmental range of a suprasegmental phoneme has normally no distinctive relevance.

1971 D. Crystal Linguistics iv. 184 Contrastive units in suprasegmental phonology were sometimes called prosodemes, or prosodic phonemes.

1988 Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics 33 313 The 13 chapters..discuss a multiplicity of problems encountered in the analysis of suprasegmental phenomena.

2000 A. Fox Prosodic Features & Prosodic Struct. i. 2 Classical Generative Phonology adopted uncritically the Bloomfieldian conception of suprasegmental features as attributes of segmental units.

B. n. Linguistics.

A suprasegmental feature.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > intonation, pitch, or stress > [noun] > prosody > prosodic features

sound-attribute1932

suprasegmental1953

1953 Language 29 451 The existing records seem adequate to establish the minimum fundamental data needed for an articulatory model of the supra-segmentals.

1965 Word Study Feb. 2/2 Structural and contextual meanings are signaled largely by intonational clues, by such suprasegmentals as pitch, stress, and juncture.

1997 Eng. World-wide 18 335 Undoubted characteristics of second dialects on the levels of suprasegmentals, phonology, morphosyntax and lexis.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	suprasegmental
释义	suprasegmentaladj.n. Brit. /ˌsuːprəsɛɡˈmɛntl/, /ˌsjuːprəsɛɡˈmɛntl/, U.S. /ˌsuprəˌsɛɡˈmɛn(t)l/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: supra- prefix, segmental adj. Etymology: < supra- prefix + segmental adj. A. adj. 1. Anatomy and Physiology. Occupying a level of organization that is higher than segmental or intersegmental; spec. designating the parts of the central nervous system located above the brainstem or the lower part of the brainstem (cf. segmental apparatus at segmental adj. 2a); of, relating to, or involving these parts of the brain. ΚΠ 1898 Jrnl. Compar. Neurol. 8 312 Apart from the segmental and intersegmental mechanisms, we have found suprasegmental mechanisms, anatomically lifted out of the neural stem as cerebellum, midbrain-ganglia and thalamo-cerebrum. 1919 Neurol. Bull. 2 429/1 These two tracts are suprasegmental because they bring the segmented portion of the nervous system into connection with a suprasegmental structure, the cerebellum. 1927 Jrnl. Anat. 61 183 There is the suprasegmental heart, the intersegmental vessels, of which the most striking is the aorta, and the segmental vessels. 1974 V. B. Mountcastle et al. Med. Physiol. (ed. 13) I. xxiii. 649/2 Reflex or suprasegmental stimuli that are insufficient to discharge alpha motor neurons. 2010 Biol. Psychol. 84 396/1 Suprasegmental integration higher in the brain stem is required for regulation of functions such as respiration, blood pressure, swallowing, and pupillary movement. 2. Linguistics. Designating a phonological feature of an utterance other than the consonantal and vocalic components, e.g. (in English) stress and intonation; (also) of or relating to the phonological study of these features. Cf. segmental adj. 2c. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > intonation, pitch, or stress > [adjective] > prosodic prosodic1923 suprasegmental1941 plurisegmental1960 1941 G. L. Trager & B. Bloch in Language 17 224 These two kinds of phonemes [sc. juncture and prosodic phonemes] are usually recognizable only as modifications of other sound-types; they are suprasegmental. 1942 C. F. Hockett in Language 18 8 Features..which clearly extend over a series of several segmental groupings are suprasegmental. 1953 C. E. Bazell Ling. Form 3 It is to be noted however that the intra-segmental range of a suprasegmental phoneme has normally no distinctive relevance. 1971 D. Crystal Linguistics iv. 184 Contrastive units in suprasegmental phonology were sometimes called prosodemes, or prosodic phonemes. 1988 Canad. Jrnl. Linguistics 33 313 The 13 chapters..discuss a multiplicity of problems encountered in the analysis of suprasegmental phenomena. 2000 A. Fox Prosodic Features & Prosodic Struct. i. 2 Classical Generative Phonology adopted uncritically the Bloomfieldian conception of suprasegmental features as attributes of segmental units. B. n. Linguistics. A suprasegmental feature. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > intonation, pitch, or stress > [noun] > prosody > prosodic features sound-attribute1932 suprasegmental1953 1953 Language 29 451 The existing records seem adequate to establish the minimum fundamental data needed for an articulatory model of the supra-segmentals. 1965 Word Study Feb. 2/2 Structural and contextual meanings are signaled largely by intonational clues, by such suprasegmentals as pitch, stress, and juncture. 1997 Eng. World-wide 18 335 Undoubted characteristics of second dialects on the levels of suprasegmentals, phonology, morphosyntax and lexis. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1898
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