summonsn.

Brit.

/ˈsʌmənz/, U.S.

/ˈsəmənz/

Forms: Middle English somaunse, Middle English sommonz, Middle English somnes, Middle English somnys, Middle English somonse, Middle English somounes, Middle English somounnys, Middle English somouns, Middle English somounys, Middle English somounz, Middle English somunce, Middle English somunse, Middle English sumaunce, Middle English–1500s somaunce, Middle English–1500s somens, Middle English–1500s sommaunce, Middle English–1500s sommones, Middle English–1500s somonce, Middle English–1500s somones, Middle English–1500s somounce, Middle English–1600s somons, Middle English–1600s summaunce, Middle English–1600s summones, Middle English–1700s sommons, late Middle English commounys (transmission error), late Middle English somannce, late Middle English somansys (plural), late Middle English somonounis (transmission error), late Middle English sompmous (transmission error), late Middle English– summons, 1500s somance, 1500s summonce, 1500s–1600s sommance, 1500s–1600s sommonce, 1600s–1700s sumons; Scottish pre-1700 somance, pre-1700 somonz, pre-1700 summones, pre-1700 summonis, pre-1700 summounis, pre-1700 1700s– summons, 1800s soommens, 1800s soumons, 1900s soomans (Orkney). N.E.D. (1917) also records a form late Middle English somance.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French somonse.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman somonse, somounse, somonce, somunce, somons, somonz, somouns, somuns, somunz, Anglo-Norman and Old French somunse, Old French sumunse, summunse (Old French, Middle French semonse , Middle French, French semonce ) exhortation (c1050 as summunse ), invitation (c1155; in earliest use specifically to a feast), appeal by an overlord to his vassals to present themselves for feudal services (late 12th cent.), official letter ordering a person to attend at a specified place, especially for a court hearing (late 12th cent.), order, command (early 13th cent.), use as noun of semons , somons , past participle of semondre , somondre summon v.Compare Old Occitan somonsa, somossa.

a. An official order to appear or assemble before a monarch, emperor, or other sovereign authority. Later also more generally: a formal order or call to appear before a particular official authority or assembly. Also in figurative contexts.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > command > command or bidding > [noun] > summons or summoning > a summons

stevena900

crya1300

summonsc1300

warninga1400

citationa1640

provoke1842

c1300 Holy Cross (Laud) l. 12 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 1 Ich wene þat ich wot Ȝwat þis somunce a-mounti schal.

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 1498 (MED) Soberly in his sacrafyce summe wer anoynted, Þurȝ þe somones of himselfe þat syttes so hyȝe.

a1576 Lady Abergavenny Praiers in T. Bentley et al. Monument of Matrones (1582) ii. 211 Whensoeuer it shall please thee to send thy messenger death to arrest me, I may be readie at his summons, ioifullie to beare his stroke.

1698 J. Savage Hist. Poland II. vi. 7 They are always unwilling to leave their Wives and Children, and therefore never care for appearing, before they are forced by the third Summons.

1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall III. xxvii. 31 He obeyed the summons with the respect of a faithful subject.

1878 J. Gairdner Hist. Life Richard III ii. 74 Summonses were issued to fifty gentlemen to receive knighthood.

1968 S. C. Olin California's Prodigal Sons xii. 169 Only a summons from President Wilson to attend a special congressional session in April, 1917, convinced Johnson that the time had come to leave California.

2008 Outlook 7 Apr. 20 An ambassador should respond to the summons of the host government.

b. The act of the monarch in ordering the nobility or a member of the nobility to attend a national council or parliament; an instance of this. Hence also: the act of conferring a barony; an instance of this. See also writ of summons at Phrases 1a. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > governing or legislative body of a nation or community > procedure of parliament or national assembly > [noun] > summons to parliament

summons1399

recall1754

1399 Rolls of Parl.: Henry IV (Electronic ed.) Parl. Oct. 1399 1st Roll §59. m. 17 Ther was a parlement somond of alle the states of the reaume..by cause of the whiche sommons alle the states of this londe were ther gadyrd.

?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) ii. l. 273 Withouten any somons, & withouten askyng of erles or barons.

a1450 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (Caius) (1810) l. 1255 The kyng comaundyd..At London to make a parlement... To Londoun, to hys somouns, Come erl, bysschop, and barouns, Abbotes, pryests, knyghtes, squyers, Burgeyses, and manye bachelers, Serjaunts, and every freeholdande.

?1572 J. Hooker Order & Vsage Keeping of Parlements sig. C^v (heading) The summons of the Barons of the fiue Portes.

1641 Rastell's Termes de la Ley (new ed.) f. 37 Bannerets were anciently called by Summons to the Court of Parliament.

1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. ii. 104 The Parliament met according to Summons upon the Third of April in the Year 1640.

1844 T. C. Banks Baronia Anglica Concentrata I. 173 This summonscreated him Lord Dacre, which would seem to be a new barony in him.

1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People viii. §6. 520 The summons of a Parliament at once woke the kingdom to a fresh life.

1915 Q. Rev. July 54 The barony of Dudley..stands on a very different footing from that of Martin, for which the last summons was in 1325.

2009 S. Lipscomb 1536: Year that changed Henry VIII xviii. 199 The summons to parliament indicated Henry's intention to use the mechanism of attainder to avoid open trial.

2. An official writ that orders a person to appear in a court of law.

a. Scots Law. An official writ initiating a civil action in the Court of Session.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [noun] > summons > in Scotland

summons1385

1385 in 3rd Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1872) App. 410 in Parl. Papers (C. 673) XXXIII. 337 To do this day efter my somonz for yhour haldyng as the law and ordyr of law askys in yt selfe.

1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem i. f. 75^v Summons is ane warning (and declaration) of ane certaine day and place, betwix parties, to ane lawfull day.

1718 Acts Sederunt Scotl. (1740) I. 247 The first Calling, which is to be marked by the Under-clerk on the Summons.

1814 Act 54 Geo. III c. 137 §2 Letters or Precepts of Arrestment upon any depending Action may be granted summarily, upon Production of the libelled Summons.

1909 Marriage & Divorce (U.S. Dept. Commerce & Labor) 372/1 Summons must be served personally on the defendant when he is not resident in Scotland.

1965 E. M. Clive & G. A. Watt Sc. Law for Journalists 125 In England, divorce proceedings are taken by way of a petition; in Scotland, by way of a summons.

2003 G. Parry & S. Johnston Sc. Engin. Contracts 310 Writ and summons..is the document which is prepared to commence an action. In the Sheriff Court it is known as an Initial Writ, and in the Court of Session a Summons.

b. Law. An official writ giving notice that a court action has begun, and ordering the recipient to appear as a defendant in court at a specified time, in default of which the court may proceed to judgement and sentencing in his or her absence. See also writ of summons at Phrases 1b.Prior to the Civil Procedure Rules (1998), a summons could initiate civil or criminal proceedings; since that date, a summons has been used only for initiating criminal proceedings, while a claim or application is used to initiate civil proceedings.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [noun] > summons

citationc1325

summonancec1410

process1423

summons1429

summonitionc1455

venire facias1463

letters citatory1465

summonda1500

interpellation1579

butterfly1583

exploit1622

monition1649

cital1760

venire1763

exaction1816

assignation1884

blister1903

bluey1909

blue1939

1429–30 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Sept. 1429 §30. m. 9 Havyng processe..by somounces, attachementz and distresse.

c1503 tr. Charter of London in R. Arnold Chron. f. x^v/2 And y^t none summaunce attachmentis nor execuceon by don..but by mynystirs of the same cite.

1691 G. Miege New State Eng. iii. xv. 122 A Cause may be brought and determined in this Court for 10 pence Charge, viz. 6 pence for the Plaint and the Summons, and 4 pence for the Order.

1764 R. Burn Hist. Poor Laws 288 For the executing a summons, where the person to be summoned..is..out of the way; that a copy thereof left at his dwelling house,..should be enacted to be effectual, as if personally served upon himself.

1810 M. R. Mitford Let. 27 Mar. in A. G. L'Estrange Life M. R. Mitford (1870) I. iv. 94 We have received a summons from the under-sheriff, which was given over the pale to William this morning.

1933 Rotarian Jan. 16/2 I was being sued, the summons said, for damages in the sum of fifty thousand dollars.

2013 Daily Tel. 18 Oct. 29/2 There's the woman who received a bunch of dead long-stemmed roses on Valentine's Day, with a court summons speared on to a thorn.

†c. A formal order for a vouchee (vouchee n. 1) to appear before a court in a case of common recovery (see common recovery at recovery n. 2a); (also) the document or writ on which such a request is made; (also) the process by which such a vouchee is called. Chiefly in summons ad warrantizandum, summons to warrant. Obsolete. [Compare post-classical Latin summoneas ad warrantizandum , summonias ad warrantizandum (1579 in a British source, or earlier). It is not possible to determine whether quot. 1580-1 shows an abbreviation of the English or the Latin phrase.]

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [noun] > summons > process by which vouchee was called

summons1607

1580–1 Act 23 Eliz. c. 3 §1 The Returnes of the said Originals and Writtes of Summon. ad Warrantizandum.]

1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Rrr2^v/1 Summons in terra petita..is that which is made vpon the land, which the party at whose suite the summons is sent forth, seeketh to haue, Summons ad Warrantizandum.

1651 tr. J. Kitchin Jurisdictions 378 Mortdancester against I. which voucheth B. which was Enoined at the Summons to warrant, and at the day by Enoin he was Essoined of the Kings Service.

1672 T. Manley Clerks Guide iv. 674 The Writs or Summons ad Warrantizandum, and the returns of all these Writs and every Warrant of Atturney may at any mans request be enrolled.

1704 W. Brown Remarks upon Acts Parl. 67 The Process, whereby the Vouchee is called, is a Summons ad Warrantizandum.

1805 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. V. 349 Earl Cowper, the vouchee, had acknowledged the warrants of attorney to appear to the summons.

1820 T. E. Tomlins Jacob's Law-dict. (ed. 3) II. Summons to Warrant, the process whereby the vouchee in a common recovery is called.

1912 Eng. Rep. 125 1324 It is admitted that the vouchee did not appear in person.., the consequence of which is that there must be a summons ad warrantizandum, and that the appearance must be by attorney.

d. A formal order by which one party brings another before a judge or officer of the court (as opposed to in open court) in order to settle an interim or ancillary matter during civil proceedings. Now somewhat rare.Following the Civil Procedure Rules (1998), claims succeeded summonses for most civil purposes.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > [noun] > summons to settle matters of detail

summons1820

1820 Act 1 George IV c. 55 §5 It shall..be lawful for the Justices of the Courts of King's Bench and Common Pleas..during their respective Circuits..to grant such and the like Summonses,..in all Actions and Prosecutions which are or shall be depending [etc.].

1882 C. Sweet Dict. Eng. Law (at cited word) Summonses are..only used on applications which are either of subsidiary importance, or can be conveniently disposed of in chambers.

1901 Law Times 8 June 139/2 The summonses to be heard before the master sitting in chambers.

2003 Mod. Law Rev. Mar. 219 The Bow Street magistrate adjourned the hearing of the summons under section 141 to enable the directors to apply to the High Court for relief.

a. An authoritative or urgent call for someone or something to appear or come; (also) a sound or signal representing this. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > command > command or bidding > [noun] > summons or summoning > a summons > by sound

summons?1507

?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 49 He durst not sit anys my summondis.

1567 G. Fenton tr. M. Bandello Certaine Tragicall Disc. i. sig. Avii^v He suffred himselfe at the first to be subiect to the somonce of loue.

1676 J. Glanvill Seasonable Refl. 167 The Dead shall be raised by a General Summons.

1716 A. Pope Further Acct. E. Curll 10 He had a lucid Interval, that enabled him to send a general Summons to all his Authors.

1813 W. Scott Rokeby iv. 163 The hour was late, When a loud summons shook the gate.

1855 E. C. Gaskell Half a Life-time Ago i, in Househ. Words 5 Oct. 235/1 The horn blowing..was the summons home.

1904 M. E. W. Freeman Givers 234 The cat rose lazily at his summons.

1979 D. Murphy Wheels within Wheels iii. 39 My mother..fetched the plumber, a man who normally took weeks to answer any summons.

2012 J. Thayil Narcopolis iii. iii. 152 He'd give an order to Bengali.., a shout for a pipe or for lunch, a summons for the malishwallah.

b. An authoritative or urgent call for someone or something to do something.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > command > command or bidding > [noun] > demand > requiring person to do something

requisition1498

summons1595

1595 R. Parry Moderatus xi. sig. O2^v The waightinesse of Moderatus charge gaue him gentle summons to take his rest.

1700 Acct. Spain i. 76 Every Minute she expected the fatal Summons to debarque.

1785 W. Cowper Task vi. 336 The total herd receiving..from one That leads the dance a summons to be gay.

1939 H. Miller Tropic of Capricorn (1961) 210 I hear them calling us from the street, the summons to work, the summons to arms.

2011 Vanity Fair Nov. 130/2 This wasn't an urgent summons to pack up my dreams and hop the next Greyhound north.

4. An order or signal calling for a town, castle, etc., to surrender; (also) the act of giving such an order. In later use only with infinitive, passing into sense 3b. Cf. summon v. 4b(b).

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > victory > [noun] > summoning to surrender

summons1570

1570 G. Fenton tr. J. de Serres Disc. Ciuile Warres Fraunce i. 46 As soone as the kings Lieuetenant had giuen sommons [Fr. sommation] to render Lodun, the lord d'Acyer aduertised the Princes of his state.

1617 F. Moryson Itinerary ii. 167 Vpon our summons of the Towne, after martiall manner.

1700 J. Dryden tr. G. Boccaccio Cymon & Iphigenia in Fables 551 Or strike your Sails at Summons, or prepare To prove the last Extremities of War.

1800 Albion & Evening Advertiser 28 Oct. The garrison was so weak, that it is stated they only waited a summons to surrender.

1918 Proc. U.S. Naval Inst. Jan. 814 Any belligerent vessel of any kind or type exposes itself to instant attack, if after a reasonable summons to surrender, it persists by any process, in an attempt to escape.

2008 Guardian (Nexis) 20 Sept. (Review section) 8 Aston refused Cromwell's summons to surrender, and on September 11, after fierce fighting, the town was stormed.

Phrases

P1. writ of summons. [Compare Anglo-Norman bref de somonse, lettre de somonse (both 14th cent. or earlier).]

a. The act of the monarch in ordering the nobility or a member of the nobility to attend a national council or parliament; (also) the formal document of writ by which this is done (obsolete). Hence also: the act of conferring a peerage (esp. the rank of baron); an instance of this. (now historical). Cf. sense 1b.

ΚΠ

1613 T. Milles tr. P. Mexia et al. Treasurie Auncient & Moderne Times v. v. 475/2 Henrie Stanley, Earle of Darby, was by Writ of Summons called vnto Parliament..and placed in the same seate wherein the Barons Strange of Knokin were wont of ancient time to sit.

1660 R. Coke Elements Power & Subjection 109 in Justice Vindicated In every Writ of Summons to the Bishops, there is a clause requiring them to summon these persons to appear personally at the Parliament.

1721 Daily Post 18 Mar. 1/2 Hugh Fortescue of Filly in the County of Devon Esq; having lately demanded a Writ of Summons to Parliament..is accordingly call'd up to the House of Lords by the Title of Baron Clinton.

1804 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. III. 207 The eldest son of a peer has been called to parliament by writ of summons, by the title of a barony then vested in his father.

2011 Times (Nexis) 15 Sept. 31 In the Middle Ages many titles, particularly baronies, were by Writ of Summons and could pass through the female line.

ΚΠ

1844 J. F. Archbold New Pract. Attornies II. 318 Where a defendant agreed to accept service of a writ of summons, in order to avoid further expense,..this was holden to be a waiver of objection to the writ.

1875 Act 38 & 39 Vict. c. 77 Ord. ii. §1 Every action in the High Court shall be commenced by a writ of summons.

1999 Internat. Legal Materials 38 881 On 12 December 1996, the two commercial firms issued a writ of summons and statement of claim against Mr. Cumaraswamy in the High Court of Kuala Lumpur.

P2. summons and severance: the summoning to court of a person who is jointly affected by a cause of action and who refuses to cooperate with the other affected person or persons, and the subsequent permanent severance of this person from the cause of action if he or she confirms the intention not to join it at this point in time. Cf. severance n. 2c. Now historical and rare.

ΚΠ

1648 W. Sheppard Touch-stone Common Assurances xxiii. 484 One Executor cannot be charged without his companions, except it be in the case of Summons and Severance.

1700 Law Ejectm. 261 For in nullo est erratum being pleaded before, there could not now be any Summons and Severance.

1929 Yale Law Jrnl. 38 255 The appellee moved for dismissal on the ground of nonjoinder without summons and severance.

1954 Harvard Law Rev. 68 59 Consigned, without mourners, to the legal limbo of writs of error, bills of exceptions, summons and severance, and similar vestiges of procedural antiquity.

Compounds

General use as a modifier, as in summons warrant, summons books, etc.; also with agent nouns, forming compounds in which summons expresses the object of the underlying verb, as in summons server.

ΚΠ

1734 J. Higgs Guide to Justices 133 (heading) A Summons Warrant.

a1743 J. Cannon Chrons. (2010) II. 504 The mayor sent for me to the George Inn to draw a summons warrant against one Joel Cridland of Bradley, butcher,..convicted for prophane swearing 10 oaths in the presence of the Mayor.

1881 J. Hatton New Ceylon vii. 184 Summons cases for debt.

1917 N.Y. Times 19 July 7/1 Examine summons books issued to traffic men.

1968 Ebony Sept. 120/2 The summons officer, instead of delivering the summons to a ghetto resident, simply throws it in the sewer.

2011 Times Lit. Suppl. 16 Sept. 21/3 Farley, a widower and retired summons server in his mid-seventies, comes to consciousness on the floor of his bathroom.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

summonsv.

Brit.

/ˈsʌmənz/, U.S.

/ˈsəmənz/

Forms: 1600s sumans, 1600s– summons, 1800s sommons; also Scottish 1800s summonce.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: summons n.

Etymology: < summons n. Compare earlier summon v.Compare French semoncer (1611 in Cotgrave in an apparently isolated attestation; in later use regional (Liège)).

1. transitive. Law. To order (a person) to appear before a court or other judicial authority at a specified time; to issue a writ of summons against; to serve with a summons. Cf. summon v. 2a.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [verb (transitive)] > summon or issue summons against

cravec1000

summonc1300

summonda1400

convenec1425

cite1438

accitec1475

process1493

convent1538

convent1548

ascite1563

clepe and call1597

exact1607

sist1641

summons1659

1659 in C. Upham Salem Witchcraft (1867) I. ii. 433 John Godfrey..shall be legally summonsed thereunto.

1780 M. Madan Thelyphthora I. ii. 52 A woman had but to summons her seducer before the judges.

1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby xxxviii. 376 Say another word, and I'll summons you.

1904 ‘M. Corelli’ God's Good Man xxv. 478 You can summons me..if you feel so inclined.

1958 A. Sillitoe Loneliness Long Distance Runner 114 The snakey bastard, chasing you off like that. He ought to get summonsed.

2005 J. McGahern Memoir 35 Occasionally they summonsed people for not having lights on their bicycles at night.

†2. transitive. To issue an order or signal for (a castle, town, etc.) to surrender; = summon v. 4b(b). Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1691 G. W. Story Impartial Hist. Occurr. Kingdom Ireland 101 The General sent a Drum to Summons the Town.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) To summons a Place, is to send a Drum, or Trumpet, to command the Governor to surrender.

3. transitive. To order or call authoritatively for (a person) to appear or come; to call for the presence of (someone or something). Also figurative with abstract or inanimate subject. Cf. summon v. 3, 4a. Now archaic and rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > command > command or bidding > command [verb (transitive)] > summon

lathec900

hightOE

clepec1000

ofclepeOE

ofsendOE

warna1250

callc1300

summonc1300

incalla1340

upcallc1340

summonda1400

becallc1400

ofgredec1400

require1418

assummonc1450

accitec1475

provoke1477

convey1483

mand1483

whistle1486

vocatec1494

wishc1515

to call up1530

citea1533

convent1540

convocate1542

prorogate1543

accersit1548

whistle for1560

advocatea1575

citate1581

evocate1639

demand1650

to warn in1654

summons1694

invoke1697

to send for1744

to turn up1752

requisition1800

whip1857

1694 R. Franck Northern Mem. 28 I know not, except he's come to summons us home.

1785 L. Asquith Let. in T. Jefferson Papers (1953) VIII. 496 Having summonsed him to deliver up the Vessel and Cargo.

1892 Mississippi Med. Monthly July 521 The family physician was summonsed, who prescribed a purgative.

1955 W. Faulkner Fable (U.K. ed.) 11 The orderly, who would have summonsed the batman.

1978 Gramophone Feb. 1440/1 The First Study summonses attention, it is so clear and smooth.

†4. transitive. To rouse or muster (courage, strength, enthusiasm, etc.) from within oneself, esp. when it is an effort to do so; to call upon (one's inner resources). Cf. summon v. 6a. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1785 J. W. Fletcher Appeal Matter of Fact (ed. 4) iii. 79 The bait of pleasure appears, corrupt nature summonses all her powers.

1802 M. Moore Lascelles II. 75 She was obliged to summons all her fortitude.

Derivatives

ˈsummonsable adj. (of an offence, transgression, etc.) rendering one liable to a judicial summons, actionable; (also of a person) able to be summoned.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [adjective] > that deals with summonses > liable to summons

summonsable1778

1778 J. Sturch View Isle of Wight iii. 52 The Abbot of Glastonbury, Bishop of Winchester, &c. all which aids, were summonsable at the pleasure of the Custos Insulæ, or warden of the island.

1891 Sat. Rev. 25 July 100/1 The fervent exhortations in the streets to apply summonsable language to him.

2004 E. Conlon Blue Blood iv. 143 A Universal Appearance Ticket can be issued for summonsable Administrative Code offenses.

ˈsummonser n. a person who issues a summons; a summoner.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > command > command or bidding > [noun] > summons or summoning > one who summons

lathera1175

citer1591

summonser1785

summoner1799

1785 L. Asquith Let. in T. Jefferson Papers (1953) VIII. 496 Having summonsed him to deliver up the Vessel and Cargo by a Kings Summonser..he refused.

1877 R. W. Thom Courtship Jock o' Knowe v. 31 The sommonser's ca' Wad soond through the grand rooms o' Corby Ha'.

2001 Screen Internat. (Nexis) 23 Oct. Once the news of his impulsive legal action gets out, our maverick summonser is joined by other angry insurance holders.

ˈsummonsing n. the action or an act of issuing a summons.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [noun] > summons > summoning or issuing of summons

cravinga1300

processing1478

conventing1533

conventiona1600

summonsing1740

citing1787

1740 Distress'd State of Ireland Considered 31 Abundance of People..are put to Expence by Arrestments and Summonsing.

1893 R. L. Stevenson Catriona ix. 98 The purpose..being that..the summonsing be something other than a form.

1915 N.A.R.D. Jrnl. 24 June 594/1 The campaign against nostrums, which has led to the summonsing of the two retail druggists.

2013 Nation (Thailand) (Nexis) 27 Nov. Jessada also asked for the summonsing of two witnesses to testify on Suthep's behalf.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	summons
释义	summonsn. Brit. /ˈsʌmənz/, U.S. /ˈsəmənz/ Forms: Middle English somaunse, Middle English sommonz, Middle English somnes, Middle English somnys, Middle English somonse, Middle English somounes, Middle English somounnys, Middle English somouns, Middle English somounys, Middle English somounz, Middle English somunce, Middle English somunse, Middle English sumaunce, Middle English–1500s somaunce, Middle English–1500s somens, Middle English–1500s sommaunce, Middle English–1500s sommones, Middle English–1500s somonce, Middle English–1500s somones, Middle English–1500s somounce, Middle English–1600s somons, Middle English–1600s summaunce, Middle English–1600s summones, Middle English–1700s sommons, late Middle English commounys (transmission error), late Middle English somannce, late Middle English somansys (plural), late Middle English somonounis (transmission error), late Middle English sompmous (transmission error), late Middle English– summons, 1500s somance, 1500s summonce, 1500s–1600s sommance, 1500s–1600s sommonce, 1600s–1700s sumons; Scottish pre-1700 somance, pre-1700 somonz, pre-1700 summones, pre-1700 summonis, pre-1700 summounis, pre-1700 1700s– summons, 1800s soommens, 1800s soumons, 1900s soomans (Orkney). N.E.D. (1917) also records a form late Middle English somance. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French somonse. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman somonse, somounse, somonce, somunce, somons, somonz, somouns, somuns, somunz, Anglo-Norman and Old French somunse, Old French sumunse, summunse (Old French, Middle French semonse , Middle French, French semonce ) exhortation (c1050 as summunse ), invitation (c1155; in earliest use specifically to a feast), appeal by an overlord to his vassals to present themselves for feudal services (late 12th cent.), official letter ordering a person to attend at a specified place, especially for a court hearing (late 12th cent.), order, command (early 13th cent.), use as noun of semons , somons , past participle of semondre , somondre summon v.Compare Old Occitan somonsa, somossa. 1. a. An official order to appear or assemble before a monarch, emperor, or other sovereign authority. Later also more generally: a formal order or call to appear before a particular official authority or assembly. Also in figurative contexts. ΘΚΠ society > authority > command > command or bidding > [noun] > summons or summoning > a summons stevena900 crya1300 summonsc1300 warninga1400 citationa1640 provoke1842 c1300 Holy Cross (Laud) l. 12 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 1 Ich wene þat ich wot Ȝwat þis somunce a-mounti schal. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 1498 (MED) Soberly in his sacrafyce summe wer anoynted, Þurȝ þe somones of himselfe þat syttes so hyȝe. a1576 Lady Abergavenny Praiers in T. Bentley et al. Monument of Matrones (1582) ii. 211 Whensoeuer it shall please thee to send thy messenger death to arrest me, I may be readie at his summons, ioifullie to beare his stroke. 1698 J. Savage Hist. Poland II. vi. 7 They are always unwilling to leave their Wives and Children, and therefore never care for appearing, before they are forced by the third Summons. 1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall III. xxvii. 31 He obeyed the summons with the respect of a faithful subject. 1878 J. Gairdner Hist. Life Richard III ii. 74 Summonses were issued to fifty gentlemen to receive knighthood. 1968 S. C. Olin California's Prodigal Sons xii. 169 Only a summons from President Wilson to attend a special congressional session in April, 1917, convinced Johnson that the time had come to leave California. 2008 Outlook 7 Apr. 20 An ambassador should respond to the summons of the host government. b. The act of the monarch in ordering the nobility or a member of the nobility to attend a national council or parliament; an instance of this. Hence also: the act of conferring a barony; an instance of this. See also writ of summons at Phrases 1a. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > governing or legislative body of a nation or community > procedure of parliament or national assembly > [noun] > summons to parliament summons1399 recall1754 1399 Rolls of Parl.: Henry IV (Electronic ed.) Parl. Oct. 1399 1st Roll §59. m. 17 Ther was a parlement somond of alle the states of the reaume..by cause of the whiche sommons alle the states of this londe were ther gadyrd. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) ii. l. 273 Withouten any somons, & withouten askyng of erles or barons. a1450 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (Caius) (1810) l. 1255 The kyng comaundyd..At London to make a parlement... To Londoun, to hys somouns, Come erl, bysschop, and barouns, Abbotes, pryests, knyghtes, squyers, Burgeyses, and manye bachelers, Serjaunts, and every freeholdande. ?1572 J. Hooker Order & Vsage Keeping of Parlements sig. C^v (heading) The summons of the Barons of the fiue Portes. 1641 Rastell's Termes de la Ley (new ed.) f. 37 Bannerets were anciently called by Summons to the Court of Parliament. 1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. ii. 104 The Parliament met according to Summons upon the Third of April in the Year 1640. 1844 T. C. Banks Baronia Anglica Concentrata I. 173 This summonscreated him Lord Dacre, which would seem to be a new barony in him. 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People viii. §6. 520 The summons of a Parliament at once woke the kingdom to a fresh life. 1915 Q. Rev. July 54 The barony of Dudley..stands on a very different footing from that of Martin, for which the last summons was in 1325. 2009 S. Lipscomb 1536: Year that changed Henry VIII xviii. 199 The summons to parliament indicated Henry's intention to use the mechanism of attainder to avoid open trial. 2. An official writ that orders a person to appear in a court of law. a. Scots Law. An official writ initiating a civil action in the Court of Session. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [noun] > summons > in Scotland summons1385 1385 in 3rd Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1872) App. 410 in Parl. Papers (C. 673) XXXIII. 337 To do this day efter my somonz for yhour haldyng as the law and ordyr of law askys in yt selfe. 1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem i. f. 75^v Summons is ane warning (and declaration) of ane certaine day and place, betwix parties, to ane lawfull day. 1718 Acts Sederunt Scotl. (1740) I. 247 The first Calling, which is to be marked by the Under-clerk on the Summons. 1814 Act 54 Geo. III c. 137 §2 Letters or Precepts of Arrestment upon any depending Action may be granted summarily, upon Production of the libelled Summons. 1909 Marriage & Divorce (U.S. Dept. Commerce & Labor) 372/1 Summons must be served personally on the defendant when he is not resident in Scotland. 1965 E. M. Clive & G. A. Watt Sc. Law for Journalists 125 In England, divorce proceedings are taken by way of a petition; in Scotland, by way of a summons. 2003 G. Parry & S. Johnston Sc. Engin. Contracts 310 Writ and summons..is the document which is prepared to commence an action. In the Sheriff Court it is known as an Initial Writ, and in the Court of Session a Summons. b. Law. An official writ giving notice that a court action has begun, and ordering the recipient to appear as a defendant in court at a specified time, in default of which the court may proceed to judgement and sentencing in his or her absence. See also writ of summons at Phrases 1b.Prior to the Civil Procedure Rules (1998), a summons could initiate civil or criminal proceedings; since that date, a summons has been used only for initiating criminal proceedings, while a claim or application is used to initiate civil proceedings. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [noun] > summons citationc1325 summonancec1410 process1423 summons1429 summonitionc1455 venire facias1463 letters citatory1465 summonda1500 interpellation1579 butterfly1583 exploit1622 monition1649 cital1760 venire1763 exaction1816 assignation1884 blister1903 bluey1909 blue1939 1429–30 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Sept. 1429 §30. m. 9 Havyng processe..by somounces, attachementz and distresse. c1503 tr. Charter of London in R. Arnold Chron. f. x^v/2 And y^t none summaunce attachmentis nor execuceon by don..but by mynystirs of the same cite. 1691 G. Miege New State Eng. iii. xv. 122 A Cause may be brought and determined in this Court for 10 pence Charge, viz. 6 pence for the Plaint and the Summons, and 4 pence for the Order. 1764 R. Burn Hist. Poor Laws 288 For the executing a summons, where the person to be summoned..is..out of the way; that a copy thereof left at his dwelling house,..should be enacted to be effectual, as if personally served upon himself. 1810 M. R. Mitford Let. 27 Mar. in A. G. L'Estrange Life M. R. Mitford (1870) I. iv. 94 We have received a summons from the under-sheriff, which was given over the pale to William this morning. 1933 Rotarian Jan. 16/2 I was being sued, the summons said, for damages in the sum of fifty thousand dollars. 2013 Daily Tel. 18 Oct. 29/2 There's the woman who received a bunch of dead long-stemmed roses on Valentine's Day, with a court summons speared on to a thorn. †c. A formal order for a vouchee (vouchee n. 1) to appear before a court in a case of common recovery (see common recovery at recovery n. 2a); (also) the document or writ on which such a request is made; (also) the process by which such a vouchee is called. Chiefly in summons ad warrantizandum, summons to warrant. Obsolete. [Compare post-classical Latin summoneas ad warrantizandum , summonias ad warrantizandum (1579 in a British source, or earlier). It is not possible to determine whether quot. 1580-1 shows an abbreviation of the English or the Latin phrase.] ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [noun] > summons > process by which vouchee was called summons1607 1580–1 Act 23 Eliz. c. 3 §1 The Returnes of the said Originals and Writtes of Summon. ad Warrantizandum.] 1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Rrr2^v/1 Summons in terra petita..is that which is made vpon the land, which the party at whose suite the summons is sent forth, seeketh to haue, Summons ad Warrantizandum. 1651 tr. J. Kitchin Jurisdictions 378 Mortdancester against I. which voucheth B. which was Enoined at the Summons to warrant, and at the day by Enoin he was Essoined of the Kings Service. 1672 T. Manley Clerks Guide iv. 674 The Writs or Summons ad Warrantizandum, and the returns of all these Writs and every Warrant of Atturney may at any mans request be enrolled. 1704 W. Brown Remarks upon Acts Parl. 67 The Process, whereby the Vouchee is called, is a Summons ad Warrantizandum. 1805 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. V. 349 Earl Cowper, the vouchee, had acknowledged the warrants of attorney to appear to the summons. 1820 T. E. Tomlins Jacob's Law-dict. (ed. 3) II. Summons to Warrant, the process whereby the vouchee in a common recovery is called. 1912 Eng. Rep. 125 1324 It is admitted that the vouchee did not appear in person.., the consequence of which is that there must be a summons ad warrantizandum, and that the appearance must be by attorney. d. A formal order by which one party brings another before a judge or officer of the court (as opposed to in open court) in order to settle an interim or ancillary matter during civil proceedings. Now somewhat rare.Following the Civil Procedure Rules (1998), claims succeeded summonses for most civil purposes. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > court proceedings or procedure > [noun] > summons to settle matters of detail summons1820 1820 Act 1 George IV c. 55 §5 It shall..be lawful for the Justices of the Courts of King's Bench and Common Pleas..during their respective Circuits..to grant such and the like Summonses,..in all Actions and Prosecutions which are or shall be depending [etc.]. 1882 C. Sweet Dict. Eng. Law (at cited word) Summonses are..only used on applications which are either of subsidiary importance, or can be conveniently disposed of in chambers. 1901 Law Times 8 June 139/2 The summonses to be heard before the master sitting in chambers. 2003 Mod. Law Rev. Mar. 219 The Bow Street magistrate adjourned the hearing of the summons under section 141 to enable the directors to apply to the High Court for relief. 3. a. An authoritative or urgent call for someone or something to appear or come; (also) a sound or signal representing this. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > authority > command > command or bidding > [noun] > summons or summoning > a summons > by sound summons?1507 ?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 49 He durst not sit anys my summondis. 1567 G. Fenton tr. M. Bandello Certaine Tragicall Disc. i. sig. Avii^v He suffred himselfe at the first to be subiect to the somonce of loue. 1676 J. Glanvill Seasonable Refl. 167 The Dead shall be raised by a General Summons. 1716 A. Pope Further Acct. E. Curll 10 He had a lucid Interval, that enabled him to send a general Summons to all his Authors. 1813 W. Scott Rokeby iv. 163 The hour was late, When a loud summons shook the gate. 1855 E. C. Gaskell Half a Life-time Ago i, in Househ. Words 5 Oct. 235/1 The horn blowing..was the summons home. 1904 M. E. W. Freeman Givers 234 The cat rose lazily at his summons. 1979 D. Murphy Wheels within Wheels iii. 39 My mother..fetched the plumber, a man who normally took weeks to answer any summons. 2012 J. Thayil Narcopolis iii. iii. 152 He'd give an order to Bengali.., a shout for a pipe or for lunch, a summons for the malishwallah. b. An authoritative or urgent call for someone or something to do something. ΘΚΠ society > authority > command > command or bidding > [noun] > demand > requiring person to do something requisition1498 summons1595 1595 R. Parry Moderatus xi. sig. O2^v The waightinesse of Moderatus charge gaue him gentle summons to take his rest. 1700 Acct. Spain i. 76 Every Minute she expected the fatal Summons to debarque. 1785 W. Cowper Task vi. 336 The total herd receiving..from one That leads the dance a summons to be gay. 1939 H. Miller Tropic of Capricorn (1961) 210 I hear them calling us from the street, the summons to work, the summons to arms. 2011 Vanity Fair Nov. 130/2 This wasn't an urgent summons to pack up my dreams and hop the next Greyhound north. 4. An order or signal calling for a town, castle, etc., to surrender; (also) the act of giving such an order. In later use only with infinitive, passing into sense 3b. Cf. summon v. 4b(b). ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > victory > [noun] > summoning to surrender summons1570 1570 G. Fenton tr. J. de Serres Disc. Ciuile Warres Fraunce i. 46 As soone as the kings Lieuetenant had giuen sommons [Fr. sommation] to render Lodun, the lord d'Acyer aduertised the Princes of his state. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary ii. 167 Vpon our summons of the Towne, after martiall manner. 1700 J. Dryden tr. G. Boccaccio Cymon & Iphigenia in Fables 551 Or strike your Sails at Summons, or prepare To prove the last Extremities of War. 1800 Albion & Evening Advertiser 28 Oct. The garrison was so weak, that it is stated they only waited a summons to surrender. 1918 Proc. U.S. Naval Inst. Jan. 814 Any belligerent vessel of any kind or type exposes itself to instant attack, if after a reasonable summons to surrender, it persists by any process, in an attempt to escape. 2008 Guardian (Nexis) 20 Sept. (Review section) 8 Aston refused Cromwell's summons to surrender, and on September 11, after fierce fighting, the town was stormed. Phrases P1. writ of summons. [Compare Anglo-Norman bref de somonse, lettre de somonse (both 14th cent. or earlier).] a. The act of the monarch in ordering the nobility or a member of the nobility to attend a national council or parliament; (also) the formal document of writ by which this is done (obsolete). Hence also: the act of conferring a peerage (esp. the rank of baron); an instance of this. (now historical). Cf. sense 1b. ΚΠ 1613 T. Milles tr. P. Mexia et al. Treasurie Auncient & Moderne Times v. v. 475/2 Henrie Stanley, Earle of Darby, was by Writ of Summons called vnto Parliament..and placed in the same seate wherein the Barons Strange of Knokin were wont of ancient time to sit. 1660 R. Coke Elements Power & Subjection 109 in Justice Vindicated In every Writ of Summons to the Bishops, there is a clause requiring them to summon these persons to appear personally at the Parliament. 1721 Daily Post 18 Mar. 1/2 Hugh Fortescue of Filly in the County of Devon Esq; having lately demanded a Writ of Summons to Parliament..is accordingly call'd up to the House of Lords by the Title of Baron Clinton. 1804 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. III. 207 The eldest son of a peer has been called to parliament by writ of summons, by the title of a barony then vested in his father. 2011 Times (Nexis) 15 Sept. 31 In the Middle Ages many titles, particularly baronies, were by Writ of Summons and could pass through the female line. b. Law. An official writ giving notice that a court action has begun, and ordering the recipient to appear as a defendant in court at a specified time, in default of which the court may proceed to judgement and sentencing in his or her absence; = sense 2b. ΚΠ 1844 J. F. Archbold New Pract. Attornies II. 318 Where a defendant agreed to accept service of a writ of summons, in order to avoid further expense,..this was holden to be a waiver of objection to the writ. 1875 Act 38 & 39 Vict. c. 77 Ord. ii. §1 Every action in the High Court shall be commenced by a writ of summons. 1999 Internat. Legal Materials 38 881 On 12 December 1996, the two commercial firms issued a writ of summons and statement of claim against Mr. Cumaraswamy in the High Court of Kuala Lumpur. P2. summons and severance: the summoning to court of a person who is jointly affected by a cause of action and who refuses to cooperate with the other affected person or persons, and the subsequent permanent severance of this person from the cause of action if he or she confirms the intention not to join it at this point in time. Cf. severance n. 2c. Now historical and rare. ΚΠ 1648 W. Sheppard Touch-stone Common Assurances xxiii. 484 One Executor cannot be charged without his companions, except it be in the case of Summons and Severance. 1700 Law Ejectm. 261 For in nullo est erratum being pleaded before, there could not now be any Summons and Severance. 1929 Yale Law Jrnl. 38 255 The appellee moved for dismissal on the ground of nonjoinder without summons and severance. 1954 Harvard Law Rev. 68 59 Consigned, without mourners, to the legal limbo of writs of error, bills of exceptions, summons and severance, and similar vestiges of procedural antiquity. Compounds General use as a modifier, as in summons warrant, summons books, etc.; also with agent nouns, forming compounds in which summons expresses the object of the underlying verb, as in summons server. ΚΠ 1734 J. Higgs Guide to Justices 133 (heading) A Summons Warrant. a1743 J. Cannon Chrons. (2010) II. 504 The mayor sent for me to the George Inn to draw a summons warrant against one Joel Cridland of Bradley, butcher,..convicted for prophane swearing 10 oaths in the presence of the Mayor. 1881 J. Hatton New Ceylon vii. 184 Summons cases for debt. 1917 N.Y. Times 19 July 7/1 Examine summons books issued to traffic men. 1968 Ebony Sept. 120/2 The summons officer, instead of delivering the summons to a ghetto resident, simply throws it in the sewer. 2011 Times Lit. Suppl. 16 Sept. 21/3 Farley, a widower and retired summons server in his mid-seventies, comes to consciousness on the floor of his bathroom. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online June 2022). summonsv. Brit. /ˈsʌmənz/, U.S. /ˈsəmənz/ Forms: 1600s sumans, 1600s– summons, 1800s sommons; also Scottish 1800s summonce. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: summons n. Etymology: < summons n. Compare earlier summon v.Compare French semoncer (1611 in Cotgrave in an apparently isolated attestation; in later use regional (Liège)). 1. transitive. Law. To order (a person) to appear before a court or other judicial authority at a specified time; to issue a writ of summons against; to serve with a summons. Cf. summon v. 2a. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [verb (transitive)] > summon or issue summons against cravec1000 summonc1300 summonda1400 convenec1425 cite1438 accitec1475 process1493 convent1538 convent1548 ascite1563 clepe and call1597 exact1607 sist1641 summons1659 1659 in C. Upham Salem Witchcraft (1867) I. ii. 433 John Godfrey..shall be legally summonsed thereunto. 1780 M. Madan Thelyphthora I. ii. 52 A woman had but to summons her seducer before the judges. 1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby xxxviii. 376 Say another word, and I'll summons you. 1904 ‘M. Corelli’ God's Good Man xxv. 478 You can summons me..if you feel so inclined. 1958 A. Sillitoe Loneliness Long Distance Runner 114 The snakey bastard, chasing you off like that. He ought to get summonsed. 2005 J. McGahern Memoir 35 Occasionally they summonsed people for not having lights on their bicycles at night. †2. transitive. To issue an order or signal for (a castle, town, etc.) to surrender; = summon v. 4b(b). Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1691 G. W. Story Impartial Hist. Occurr. Kingdom Ireland 101 The General sent a Drum to Summons the Town. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) To summons a Place, is to send a Drum, or Trumpet, to command the Governor to surrender. 3. transitive. To order or call authoritatively for (a person) to appear or come; to call for the presence of (someone or something). Also figurative with abstract or inanimate subject. Cf. summon v. 3, 4a. Now archaic and rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > command > command or bidding > command [verb (transitive)] > summon lathec900 hightOE clepec1000 ofclepeOE ofsendOE warna1250 callc1300 summonc1300 incalla1340 upcallc1340 summonda1400 becallc1400 ofgredec1400 require1418 assummonc1450 accitec1475 provoke1477 convey1483 mand1483 whistle1486 vocatec1494 wishc1515 to call up1530 citea1533 convent1540 convocate1542 prorogate1543 accersit1548 whistle for1560 advocatea1575 citate1581 evocate1639 demand1650 to warn in1654 summons1694 invoke1697 to send for1744 to turn up1752 requisition1800 whip1857 1694 R. Franck Northern Mem. 28 I know not, except he's come to summons us home. 1785 L. Asquith Let. in T. Jefferson Papers (1953) VIII. 496 Having summonsed him to deliver up the Vessel and Cargo. 1892 Mississippi Med. Monthly July 521 The family physician was summonsed, who prescribed a purgative. 1955 W. Faulkner Fable (U.K. ed.) 11 The orderly, who would have summonsed the batman. 1978 Gramophone Feb. 1440/1 The First Study summonses attention, it is so clear and smooth. †4. transitive. To rouse or muster (courage, strength, enthusiasm, etc.) from within oneself, esp. when it is an effort to do so; to call upon (one's inner resources). Cf. summon v. 6a. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1785 J. W. Fletcher Appeal Matter of Fact (ed. 4) iii. 79 The bait of pleasure appears, corrupt nature summonses all her powers. 1802 M. Moore Lascelles II. 75 She was obliged to summons all her fortitude. Derivatives ˈsummonsable adj. (of an offence, transgression, etc.) rendering one liable to a judicial summons, actionable; (also of a person) able to be summoned. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [adjective] > that deals with summonses > liable to summons summonsable1778 1778 J. Sturch View Isle of Wight iii. 52 The Abbot of Glastonbury, Bishop of Winchester, &c. all which aids, were summonsable at the pleasure of the Custos Insulæ, or warden of the island. 1891 Sat. Rev. 25 July 100/1 The fervent exhortations in the streets to apply summonsable language to him. 2004 E. Conlon Blue Blood iv. 143 A Universal Appearance Ticket can be issued for summonsable Administrative Code offenses. ˈsummonser n. a person who issues a summons; a summoner. ΘΚΠ society > authority > command > command or bidding > [noun] > summons or summoning > one who summons lathera1175 citer1591 summonser1785 summoner1799 1785 L. Asquith Let. in T. Jefferson Papers (1953) VIII. 496 Having summonsed him to deliver up the Vessel and Cargo by a Kings Summonser..he refused. 1877 R. W. Thom Courtship Jock o' Knowe v. 31 The sommonser's ca' Wad soond through the grand rooms o' Corby Ha'. 2001 Screen Internat. (Nexis) 23 Oct. Once the news of his impulsive legal action gets out, our maverick summonser is joined by other angry insurance holders. ˈsummonsing n. the action or an act of issuing a summons. ΘΚΠ society > law > administration of justice > process, writ, warrant, or order > [noun] > summons > summoning or issuing of summons cravinga1300 processing1478 conventing1533 conventiona1600 summonsing1740 citing1787 1740 Distress'd State of Ireland Considered 31 Abundance of People..are put to Expence by Arrestments and Summonsing. 1893 R. L. Stevenson Catriona ix. 98 The purpose..being that..the summonsing be something other than a form. 1915 N.A.R.D. Jrnl. 24 June 594/1 The campaign against nostrums, which has led to the summonsing of the two retail druggists. 2013 Nation (Thailand) (Nexis) 27 Nov. Jessada also asked for the summonsing of two witnesses to testify on Suthep's behalf. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1300v.1659
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