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sumptern. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French sometier, sommetier. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman someter, sumeter, Middle French sometier, sommetier person employed to drive a packhorse (13th cent. in Old French) < an unattested post-classical Latin form *sagmatarius < sagmat- , sagma load, burden (see sum n.2) + classical Latin -ārius -er suffix2. Compare summer n.2 and later sommier n., and also later sumpture n.1Compare Old Occitan saumadier , saumatier (13th cent.), post-classical Latin sumetarius , someterius (frequently from 12th cent. in British sources), saumaterius (from 13th cent. in continental sources), sumptarius , sumpterus (14th cent. in British sources). Specific forms. With the β. forms compare -our suffix. Earlier use as surname. Attested earlier as a surname (from the early 13th cent. in British sources), although it is unclear whether trisyllabic examples, such as the following, should be taken as reflecting currency of the English rather than of the Anglo-Norman word: Rogerus le Summeter (1206), Ricardi Sumeter (1209), Nicolas le Someter (1255), Will. le Sumetir (1275). Examples of uses as a surname are included at sense 1 (see quots. c1290, 1292, c1320) on the basis that they show forms that are recorded for the simplex word in Middle English, but not in Anglo-Norman. Now archaic and historical. society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance by carrying > [noun] > conveyance by pack-animals > one who c1290 in J. H. Lumby (1939) 29 [William son of Roger] le Molineus [grants to] Alan le Sumter [and Agnes his wife 3 acres in the territory of] Spek. c1320 (Brasenose Coll. Oxf. Archives) (Hurst Cal. of Munim. 23, Somerby 9) Robert the Sumpter. c1400 (?a1300) (Laud) (1952) l. 6013 Dryuers, gyoures, and sumters [a1425 Linc. Inn sumpters]. c1475 (a1400) Sir Amadace (Taylor) in J. Robson (1842) 39 His sometour and his palfray-mon bothe. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart I. xviii. 21 Incontinent were sent thither horses and sompters, to fetche thens some purueyance. a1616 F. Tate tr. (1876) §87. 52 Al palfreours & somters of the kinges house. 1920 T. F. Tout I. iv. v. 168 A clerk would naturally take command over inferior personnel of the office, the sumpters, carters, porters and their like. 2. the world > animals > domestic animal > [noun] > work animals > beast of burden the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by purpose used for > [noun] > pack-horse 1526 Eltham Ordinances in (1790) 204 The number of all the Kings Horses, &c... Pack horses..Sompters & Besage horses. a1625 J. Fletcher Noble Gentleman v. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher (1647) sig. Ff2/2 You should have had a Sumpter..where now you are faine, To hire a rippers mare. 1695 J. Collier 138 He may, like a Sumpter, carry Things of Value; but he never Wears them. 1794 tr. II. 70 They took with them two large sheep, bridled and saddled, to ride upon,..[and] twenty others to serve as sumpters for carrying provisions. 1849 H. Alford (Matt. xxi. 6, 7) 149 The Lord sat on the foal,..and the mother accompanied, apparently after the manner of a sumpter. 2013 88 969 Sumpters and cart horses were used for transport and agricultural purposes. society > authority > subjection > service > servant > types of servant > [noun] > menial servant or drudge 1587 J. Harmar tr. T. de Bèze xxviii. 384 It pleased him to guide them on foot euen into Chaldea, vsing the Chaldeans as his Sompters, to cary his vessel of gold and of siluer. 1608 W. Shakespeare vii. 374 Returne with her, Perswade me rather to be slaue and sumter To this detested groome. View more context for this quotation 1732 7 You shall drive and yoke us like Cattle; we will be your Sumpters, and carry your Packs and Burdens when you please. society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance by carrying > [noun] > saddle-bags 1548 f. l.xxiiijv The greate Horse, Mules, Coursers, and cariages, that there were, whiche went before the Cardinalles comyng into Arde with sumters and cofers. 1615 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher v. sig. K4 Ile haue a horse to leape thee, and thy base issue shall carry Sumpters. 1666 No. 106/4 His Mules with their Sumpters covered with Scarlet, Embroidered with Gold. 1732 42 Difference we discover between one Horse and another,..some better for the Plow, some for the Waggon or Coach, some for the Sumpter. 1958 L. Durrell ii. 32 A liquid-eyed camel..humped down the narrow street threatening to knock us down with its bulging sumpters of bercim. Compoundssociety > travel > transport > transport or conveyance by carrying > [adjective] > carried by a pack animal the world > animals > domestic animal > [adjective] > labouring > that bears a burden > covering or carried by beast of burden the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by purpose used for > [noun] > pack-horse the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > [noun] > hybrid horse and ass > mule > used for specific purpose society > travel > aspects of travel > a journey > [adjective] > of or relating to baggage the world > animals > domestic animal > [noun] > work animals > beast of burden c1450 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker (1884) I. 582/11 Falerarius, a sompterhors. 1578 J. Polemon 92 Hee hymselfe wyth the chosen horsemen of the guarde,..had placed the sumpter Camelles according to their custome. 1579 T. North tr. Plutarch 556 They ouerthrewe their cariages and sumpter moyles. 1602 To Sir N. Smyth in J. Donne (1912) 405 That Scot..who, at his coming up, had not A Sumpter-dog. 1665 17 June 468 There first marched 20 Baggage Waggons, and then 11 Sumpter Asses. 1758 M. Delany (1861) III. 511 A train of two chaises and two cars with us..and our sumpter-car. 1821 R. Southey 191 The sumpter beasts, who were partly laden with powder. 1832 R. Lander & J. Lander III. xix. 159 Besides our convoy, we had a sumpter-canoe in company. 1873 H. B. Tristram iii. 45 The rest..kept a sharp look-out on the sumpter animals. 1941 K. A. Porter 9 Apr. (1990) iv. 200 His sumpter mules seem to have balked. 2004 K. M. Grant iii. 18 A great household like the de Granvilles' needed all kinds of different horses: sumpter horses for carrying packs, palfreys for ladies and clerics, baggage horses [etc.]. C2. society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance by carrying > [noun] > conveyance by pack-animals > one who a1616 F. Tate tr. (1876) §96. 56 That none of the kinges meignee..charetters or sompter boy..keepe his wife at the court. 1783 III. 96 The English seeing waggoners and sumpter boys on the heights with military standards..seized them. 1873 J. Brown 125 It was only an army of waggoners and sumpter boys, with military flags and music. 1977 B. F. Byerly & C. R. Byerly I. p. xxxv. A small army of grooms, carters, sumpter boys and menials of the stable had to be supervised and provided with the essentials of their offices. 1554 Inventory in J. Hooker (1857) App. E. 177 ij sompter clothes. 1666 No. 97/2 Thirty seven Mules with their Sumpter-Cloaths nobly embroidered with Gold. 1766 H. Brooke II. xii. 270 I have seen an ass clothed in a very gorgeous sumpter-cloth. 1819 W. Scott Bride of Lammermoor viii, in 3rd Ser. I. 223 Without the saddle, being decored wi' the broidered sumpter-cloth. 1983 125 294/2 Sumpter cloths, used to cover bales of goods moved by pack-horse.., were often richly embroidered or made of tapestry. 1391 in L. T. Smith (1894) 100 (MED) Pro expensis..scutiferorum et sumptermen domini pro pane albo. c1475 (a1400) Sir Amadace (Taylor) in J. Robson (1842) 38 Thenne his sometour-mon before was dyȝte. 1588 T. Kyd tr. T. Tasso f. 19v He must needs be chargde wt sompter men. 1725 in Hist. MSS Comm.: Rep. MSS Duke of Portland (1901) VI. 81 in (Cd. 676) XXXVI. i. 1 Samll. Jackson, the sumpter man. 1831 (Cabinet Cycl.) I. 130 There was a regular master of the horse presiding over the stable department, with a suitable revenue [sic] of yeomen, grooms, sumpter-men, muleteers, saddlers, and farriers. 1995 26 Aug. 86/1 Her [sc. Margaret of Anjou's] household comprised five barons and baronesses, 17 knights, 65 squires, 174 valets and at least 1,200 other attendants, including yeomen and sumptermen. 1538 T. Elyot Sagma, a packe saddell, or sumpter saddell. 1569 in J. Raine (1853) 219 iiijor hackney sadles..One sumtar sadle. 1852 R. Burn (ed. 2) ii. 277 Sumpter-saddle, bât,..selle de somme. 1902 M. L. Rodkinson tr. (new ed.) V. v. 171 The utensils for this purpose are included, as the saddle, sumpter-saddle, belt, and girdle. 1999 C. M. Woolgar ix. 182 Little in the way of equipment was employed, beyond a sumpter-saddle and fastening. 1638 Inventory Viscountess Dorchester in 1 Sept. (1953) 380 2 sumpter trunckes. 1762 C. Johnstone II. iii. 12 We found her at her toilet, which was a sumpter-trunk, set upon one end. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † sumpterv.Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: sumpter n. Obsolete. rare. the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > provide with clothing [verb (transitive)] > put on c1595 (1929) i. 9 For yor sakes..For once Ile Sumpter a gawdye wardropp. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019). <  n.c1290 v.c1595 |
