superintendencyn.

Brit.

/ˌsuːp(ə)rᵻnˈtɛnd(ə)nsi/,

/ˌsjuːp(ə)rᵻnˈtɛnd(ə)nsi/, U.S.

/ˌsupərᵻnˈtɛndnsi/

Forms: 1500s–1600s superintendencie, 1600s superintendancie, 1600s superintendencye, 1600s–1700s superintendancy, 1600s– superintendency.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin superintendentia.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin superintendentia (15th cent. in a British source; from 1543 in continental sources; < superintendent- , superintendens superintendent n. + classical Latin -ia -ia suffix¹; compare -ency suffix). Compare Catalan superintendència (1586), Spanish superintendencia (1569), Portuguese superintendência (1688), and also Dutch superintendentie (1599), Middle Low German sūperintendentīe , Swedish superintendentie (17th cent.). Compare slightly earlier superintendence n. and the further foreign-language parallels cited at that entry. In sense 3a after German Superintendenz superintendence n. and Superintendentur (mid 18th cent.).With use with reference to administrative divisions of China in sense 3b compare Chinese zhílì, denoting an area under direct central administration in the imperial and early republican period ( < zhí straight, direct + lì subordinate).

1. Christian Church. The position, office, or authority of a spiritual superintendent or overseer (see superintendent n. 1); spec. (in various Protestant churches) a bishopric or supervisory ministership. Now chiefly historical.Originally in the reformed Church of Scotland.

ΚΠ

1562 Acts conc. Adversaries of Discipline in First & Second Bk. Discipline (1641) 12 Mr. Alexander Gordon, intitulate Bishop of Galloway..is there leited for the Super-intendencie of Dunfrice, Liddisdaill, and Galloway.

1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης xiii. 133 Arch-Presbytery..claiming to it self a Lordly power and Superintendency both over Flocks and Pastors.

1697 J. Collier Ess. Moral Subj. (ed. 2) i. v. 193 We find from S. Paul, that one reason of his giving Titus the super-intendency of Crete was, to ordain Elders in every City.

1785 F. Asbury Jrnl. 18 Jan. (1821) I. 486 When the conference was seated, Dr. Coke and myself were unanimously elected to the superintendency of the Church, and my ordination followed.

1884 J. Atkinson Centennial Hist. Amer. Methodism iv. 107 A century..in which the question of the precise ecclesiastical status of the Methodist Superintendency has been the target of many controversial arrows.

1996 Oxf. Encycl. Reformation (Electronic text) at Presbyterianism The French [Calvinist churches] rotated the moderatorship..among the pastors of local churches, so even a temporary superintendency was not followed.

2008 D. P. Daniel in R. Kolb Lutheran Eccl. Culture, 1550–1675 474 The clergy organized a seniorat... The organization of a superintendency or bishopric was another matter.

a. The position or office of a superintendent (superintendent n. 2, 3); supervisory responsibility or authority, or the exercise of this, over a particular person, activity, business, institution, etc. Also: an instance of this; a period or post as a superintendent. Frequently with of, †above, over (the person or thing superintended). Cf. superintendence n. 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > control > [noun] > superintendence

oversighta1400

surviewc1421

supervisionc1475

supervisorship1482

survey1535

surveying1538

superintendence1559

superintendency1579

superinspection1617

supervising1634

intendment1638

supravision1642

surintendency1650

supervisal1652

supervisure1690

intendancy1727

surintendence1744

supervisance1816

overseering1854

overseeing1890

1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin xii. 710 Triuulto, in whom rested almoste the whole superintendencie of those affayres.

1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres ii. 19 The Superintendencie thereof [sc. the munitions] resteth in him [sc. the Sergeant Major].

1602 J. Clapham Hist. Great Brit. (1606) ii. ii. v. 221 The Britans (imagining that he..would.., being settled in a superintendency over them,..despise them).

a1617 S. Hieron Present for Caesar in Wks. (1620) II. 441 The Pope and his faction challenge a superintendency aboue Kings, all must be subiect vnto him, and he to no body.

1727 A. Hamilton New Acct. E. Indies II. xlvii. 176 She was then honoured with the Superintendency of his Majesty's Confectionary.

1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. iii. vi. 81 The courts at Westminster-hall have a concurrent jurisdiction with these, or else a super-intendency over them.

1846 Ld. Campbell Lives Chancellors IV. cxxv. 615 The Court of Chancery, the guardian of all infants with the superintendency and cognizance of all trusts.

1882 Rep. Precious Metals (U.S. Bureau of Mint) 153 The Santiago mill..had a large..business under the superintendency of Donald McKay.

1977 Washington Post (Nexis) 14 Sept. a1 Peele's case is still pending before the court and the superintendency [of St Elizabeth's Hospital] has remained vacant.

2003 W. G. Ouchi Making Schools Work ii. 37 Olchefske's superintendency lasted for nearly 6 years, longer than the average of 2.5 years for urban superintendents.

b. Without specific reference: supervision, authority (often as an attribute of a divine being or force). Now rare.

ΚΠ

1621 W. Loe Vox Clamantis 34 That the eminent in the Church vaunt not themselues in their Domination aboue their brethren,..nor pretend their greatnesse and superintendency.

1641 Earl of Monmouth tr. G. F. Biondi Hist. Civil Warres Eng. I. iii. 100 By which actions having..freed himselfe from the superintendencie of others.

1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 135. ⁋3 The Superintendency of Providence.

1792 Universal Mag. Nov. 364 This stupendous frame of nature.., is under the constant superintendency of a most wise and powerful presiding mind.

1882 F. W. Farrar Early Christianity 219 The grace of superintendency was at work.

a1910 J. C. Kilgo Chapel Talks (1922) 143 No man can solve our history if he leaves out the fact of divine superintendency.

2000 Standard (St. Catharines, Ont.) (Nexis) 29 Mar. a11 Are they the word of God, delivered to man..under the superintendency of the Holy Spirit?

3. concrete. An area presided over by a superintendent.

a. An ecclesiastical district or division under the charge of a superintendent (superintendent n. 1); (spec.) in the Lutheran Church: a collection of parishes under a superintendent (sometimes corresponding to a secular division or department).

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > various Christian superiors > [noun] > Lutheran > district of

superintendency1762

1762 P. Murdoch tr. A. F. Büsching New Syst. Geogr. VI. 340 The ten parishes in it constitute a particular superintendency [Ger. Superintendentur].

1769 T. Smollett Present State All Nations IV. 317 [The Duchy of Saxony] contains twenty-four towns,..betwixt four and five hundred villages,..eleven superintendencies,..and eleven prefecturates.

1808 J. Morse & E. Parish New Gazetteer Eastern Continent at Angermanland The superintendency or bishopric consists of the provinces of Angermanland, Medelpad; Jamtland, [etc.].

1847 tr. C. C. J. Bunsen Constit. Church of Future vi. 151 The superintendencies [of Church government]..coincide most happily with those minor divisions of the country, established by the Prussian code.

1908 New Schaff-Herzog Encycl. Relig. Knowl. I. 380 The Austrian Evangelical Church is divided into ten superintendencies.

2002 D. P. Daniel tr. J. Bartl Slovak Hist. (2008) 288/1 It changed the territorial organization of the Evangelical Church where, instead of the four old superintendencies (bishoprics), it established five.

b. An administrative region or territory governed by a superintendent (superintendent n. 3a); (in China) an area under direct central administration in the imperial and early republican period. Now chiefly historical.For further information about the use in China see the etymology.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun]

purprisea1275

member?a1425

precinct1447

lordshipa1450

captainate1593

region1593

partiality1601

division1640

peopledom1657

convent1658

district1667

mastership1707

superintendency1798

area1849

society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > in China

hien1837

prefecture1855

superintendency1896

1798 Lists Officers (Armies Great Brit. & East India Co.) p. x Richard Gore,—Commanding the Troops, Southern Superintendency Malabar Province.

1856 Sessional Papers House of Lords XIII. 53 (heading) Darjeeling Superintendency. Dr. A. Campbell, Superintendent.

1896 Westm. Gaz. 13 Nov. 8/3 Ten millions will be furnished by the Tsung-li-Yamen from the last loan, and the Northern and Southern superintendencies will furnish three millions and seven millions respectively.

1914 Jrnl. Amer. Asiatic Assoc. Apr. 77/1 (table) Cost Inspectorate of collection (Chinese Superintendency and Administration).

1950 W. R. Jacobs Diplomacy & Indian Gifts iv. 61 The Northern superintendency [in the American colonies] saw a gradual shift from the colonies to the Crown in bearing the increasing financial burden of..gifts.

2008 J. Chaffee in K. R. Hall Secondary Cities Indian Ocean Realm iv. 111 The wide-ranging functions and institutional complexity of the Chinese superintendencies were unique.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	superintendency
释义	superintendencyn. Brit. /ˌsuːp(ə)rᵻnˈtɛnd(ə)nsi/, /ˌsjuːp(ə)rᵻnˈtɛnd(ə)nsi/, U.S. /ˌsupərᵻnˈtɛndnsi/ Forms: 1500s–1600s superintendencie, 1600s superintendancie, 1600s superintendencye, 1600s–1700s superintendancy, 1600s– superintendency. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin superintendentia. Etymology: < post-classical Latin superintendentia (15th cent. in a British source; from 1543 in continental sources; < superintendent- , superintendens superintendent n. + classical Latin -ia -ia suffix¹; compare -ency suffix). Compare Catalan superintendència (1586), Spanish superintendencia (1569), Portuguese superintendência (1688), and also Dutch superintendentie (1599), Middle Low German sūperintendentīe , Swedish superintendentie (17th cent.). Compare slightly earlier superintendence n. and the further foreign-language parallels cited at that entry. In sense 3a after German Superintendenz superintendence n. and Superintendentur (mid 18th cent.).With use with reference to administrative divisions of China in sense 3b compare Chinese zhílì, denoting an area under direct central administration in the imperial and early republican period ( < zhí straight, direct + lì subordinate). 1. Christian Church. The position, office, or authority of a spiritual superintendent or overseer (see superintendent n. 1); spec. (in various Protestant churches) a bishopric or supervisory ministership. Now chiefly historical.Originally in the reformed Church of Scotland. ΚΠ 1562 Acts conc. Adversaries of Discipline in First & Second Bk. Discipline (1641) 12 Mr. Alexander Gordon, intitulate Bishop of Galloway..is there leited for the Super-intendencie of Dunfrice, Liddisdaill, and Galloway. 1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης xiii. 133 Arch-Presbytery..claiming to it self a Lordly power and Superintendency both over Flocks and Pastors. 1697 J. Collier Ess. Moral Subj. (ed. 2) i. v. 193 We find from S. Paul, that one reason of his giving Titus the super-intendency of Crete was, to ordain Elders in every City. 1785 F. Asbury Jrnl. 18 Jan. (1821) I. 486 When the conference was seated, Dr. Coke and myself were unanimously elected to the superintendency of the Church, and my ordination followed. 1884 J. Atkinson Centennial Hist. Amer. Methodism iv. 107 A century..in which the question of the precise ecclesiastical status of the Methodist Superintendency has been the target of many controversial arrows. 1996 Oxf. Encycl. Reformation (Electronic text) at Presbyterianism The French [Calvinist churches] rotated the moderatorship..among the pastors of local churches, so even a temporary superintendency was not followed. 2008 D. P. Daniel in R. Kolb Lutheran Eccl. Culture, 1550–1675 474 The clergy organized a seniorat... The organization of a superintendency or bishopric was another matter. 2. a. The position or office of a superintendent (superintendent n. 2, 3); supervisory responsibility or authority, or the exercise of this, over a particular person, activity, business, institution, etc. Also: an instance of this; a period or post as a superintendent. Frequently with of, †above, over (the person or thing superintended). Cf. superintendence n. 1. ΘΚΠ society > authority > control > [noun] > superintendence oversighta1400 surviewc1421 supervisionc1475 supervisorship1482 survey1535 surveying1538 superintendence1559 superintendency1579 superinspection1617 supervising1634 intendment1638 supravision1642 surintendency1650 supervisal1652 supervisure1690 intendancy1727 surintendence1744 supervisance1816 overseering1854 overseeing1890 1579 G. Fenton tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin xii. 710 Triuulto, in whom rested almoste the whole superintendencie of those affayres. 1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres ii. 19 The Superintendencie thereof [sc. the munitions] resteth in him [sc. the Sergeant Major]. 1602 J. Clapham Hist. Great Brit. (1606) ii. ii. v. 221 The Britans (imagining that he..would.., being settled in a superintendency over them,..despise them). a1617 S. Hieron Present for Caesar in Wks. (1620) II. 441 The Pope and his faction challenge a superintendency aboue Kings, all must be subiect vnto him, and he to no body. 1727 A. Hamilton New Acct. E. Indies II. xlvii. 176 She was then honoured with the Superintendency of his Majesty's Confectionary. 1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. iii. vi. 81 The courts at Westminster-hall have a concurrent jurisdiction with these, or else a super-intendency over them. 1846 Ld. Campbell Lives Chancellors IV. cxxv. 615 The Court of Chancery, the guardian of all infants with the superintendency and cognizance of all trusts. 1882 Rep. Precious Metals (U.S. Bureau of Mint) 153 The Santiago mill..had a large..business under the superintendency of Donald McKay. 1977 Washington Post (Nexis) 14 Sept. a1 Peele's case is still pending before the court and the superintendency [of St Elizabeth's Hospital] has remained vacant. 2003 W. G. Ouchi Making Schools Work ii. 37 Olchefske's superintendency lasted for nearly 6 years, longer than the average of 2.5 years for urban superintendents. b. Without specific reference: supervision, authority (often as an attribute of a divine being or force). Now rare. ΚΠ 1621 W. Loe Vox Clamantis 34 That the eminent in the Church vaunt not themselues in their Domination aboue their brethren,..nor pretend their greatnesse and superintendency. 1641 Earl of Monmouth tr. G. F. Biondi Hist. Civil Warres Eng. I. iii. 100 By which actions having..freed himselfe from the superintendencie of others. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 135. ⁋3 The Superintendency of Providence. 1792 Universal Mag. Nov. 364 This stupendous frame of nature.., is under the constant superintendency of a most wise and powerful presiding mind. 1882 F. W. Farrar Early Christianity 219 The grace of superintendency was at work. a1910 J. C. Kilgo Chapel Talks (1922) 143 No man can solve our history if he leaves out the fact of divine superintendency. 2000 Standard (St. Catharines, Ont.) (Nexis) 29 Mar. a11 Are they the word of God, delivered to man..under the superintendency of the Holy Spirit? 3. concrete. An area presided over by a superintendent. a. An ecclesiastical district or division under the charge of a superintendent (superintendent n. 1); (spec.) in the Lutheran Church: a collection of parishes under a superintendent (sometimes corresponding to a secular division or department). ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > clerical superior > various Christian superiors > [noun] > Lutheran > district of superintendency1762 1762 P. Murdoch tr. A. F. Büsching New Syst. Geogr. VI. 340 The ten parishes in it constitute a particular superintendency [Ger. Superintendentur]. 1769 T. Smollett Present State All Nations IV. 317 [The Duchy of Saxony] contains twenty-four towns,..betwixt four and five hundred villages,..eleven superintendencies,..and eleven prefecturates. 1808 J. Morse & E. Parish New Gazetteer Eastern Continent at Angermanland The superintendency or bishopric consists of the provinces of Angermanland, Medelpad; Jamtland, [etc.]. 1847 tr. C. C. J. Bunsen Constit. Church of Future vi. 151 The superintendencies [of Church government]..coincide most happily with those minor divisions of the country, established by the Prussian code. 1908 New Schaff-Herzog Encycl. Relig. Knowl. I. 380 The Austrian Evangelical Church is divided into ten superintendencies. 2002 D. P. Daniel tr. J. Bartl Slovak Hist. (2008) 288/1 It changed the territorial organization of the Evangelical Church where, instead of the four old superintendencies (bishoprics), it established five. b. An administrative region or territory governed by a superintendent (superintendent n. 3a); (in China) an area under direct central administration in the imperial and early republican period. Now chiefly historical.For further information about the use in China see the etymology. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] purprisea1275 member?a1425 precinct1447 lordshipa1450 captainate1593 region1593 partiality1601 division1640 peopledom1657 convent1658 district1667 mastership1707 superintendency1798 area1849 society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > in China hien1837 prefecture1855 superintendency1896 1798 Lists Officers (Armies Great Brit. & East India Co.) p. x Richard Gore,—Commanding the Troops, Southern Superintendency Malabar Province. 1856 Sessional Papers House of Lords XIII. 53 (heading) Darjeeling Superintendency. Dr. A. Campbell, Superintendent. 1896 Westm. Gaz. 13 Nov. 8/3 Ten millions will be furnished by the Tsung-li-Yamen from the last loan, and the Northern and Southern superintendencies will furnish three millions and seven millions respectively. 1914 Jrnl. Amer. Asiatic Assoc. Apr. 77/1 (table) Cost Inspectorate of collection (Chinese Superintendency and Administration). 1950 W. R. Jacobs Diplomacy & Indian Gifts iv. 61 The Northern superintendency [in the American colonies] saw a gradual shift from the colonies to the Crown in bearing the increasing financial burden of..gifts. 2008 J. Chaffee in K. R. Hall Secondary Cities Indian Ocean Realm iv. 111 The wide-ranging functions and institutional complexity of the Chinese superintendencies were unique. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1562
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