sunstonen.

Brit.

/ˈsʌnstəʊn/, U.S.

/ˈsənˌstoʊn/

Forms: see sun n.¹ and stone n.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: sun n.¹, stone n.

Etymology: < sun n.¹ + stone n.In sense 1 after classical Latin sōlis gemma precious stone of the sun, described by Pliny ( Nat. Hist. 37. 67) as a white stone which throws out rays like the sun. In sense 4 originally after German Sonnenstein (1800 or earlier in this sense), so called because, according to a Greek myth, the Heliades or daughters of the sun were changed into poplars and wept tears of amber. Ancient Greek ἤλεκτρον amber (see electrum n.) is related to ἠλέκτωρ , which occurs as an epithet of the sun. In sense 5 after Old Icelandic sólarsteinn.

†1. A white or colourless stone said to emit rays of light. Cf. sun's gem n. at sun n.¹ Compounds 5d. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > less identifiable gems > [noun] > white or colourless stone

alectorya1398

gelatiaa1398

sunstonea1398

galactitea1500

white stone1861

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvi. xc. 873 The sonne stone hatte solis gemma and is white and schynyng, and haþ þat name for he schyneþ with beemes as þe sonne doþ.

2. Any of various precious stones typically showing red or golden-yellow internal reflections; spec.: †(a) a form of quartz; = cat's-eye n. 2 (obsolete); (b) any of several forms of feldspar containing embedded crystals of other minerals.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > feldspars > [noun]

sunstone1652

labradorite1814

Amazon-stone1836

silicite1843

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > tectosilicate > [noun] > feldspar > others

sunstone1652

huronite1836

taenite1841

hyalophane1855

belonite1868

microclase1885

anorthoclase1888

barbierite1910

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > rock crystal > [noun] > chalcedony > cat's eye

cat's-eye1588

star gem1693

sunstone1794

1652 T. Nicols Lapidary xvii. 111 It [sc. Chrysolite] is of the nature of the Solaris, or Sun-stone.

1664 G. Havers tr. T. Renaudot et al. Gen. Coll. Disc. Virtuosi France xxxii. 194 Thus, amongst stones, those which are call'd Helites and Selenites (Sun-stone, and Moon-stone) [Fr. helites & selenites] are luminous, because they partake of the rayes of those Luminaries.

1794 J. G. Schmeisser Syst. Mineral. I. 137 Cats Eye... The Sun Stone of the Turks.

1798 C. Greville in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 88 414 Reflection of light, which, in a polished state, gives varieties to the cat's eye, star-stone, sun-stone, etc.

1821 R. Jameson Man. Mineral. 155 Another variety of adularia, found in Siberia, is known to jewellers under the name Sunstone. It is of a yellowish-grey colour, and numberless golden spots appear distributed throughout its whole substance.

1884 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (new ed.) 216 Moon-Stone, Sun-Stone, Amazon-Stone and Avanturine are forms of felsper.

1966 R. Webster Pract. Gemmol. (ed. 4) xi. 119 Sunstone. A plagioclase feldspar (oligoclase) which has a reddish colour and spangled effect due to the inclusion of masses of platy crystals of an iron mineral.

2009 L. Grande & A. Augustyn Gems & Gemstones 243 Oligoclase gemstones are found as two main types: colorless faceting-grade material and an adularescent orange-red to yellowish-red opaque to semi-transparent stone called sunstone, Indian sunstone, or aventurine Feldspar.

3. A large monumental stone or rock, esp. a prehistoric menhir, connected with sun worship. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > deity > [noun] > bird or stone sacred to the sun

sunstone1828

sunbird1871

1828 Trans. Royal Irish Acad. 15 173 In the centre there might have stood an altar, as in the Giant's ring; or a sun-stone, as at Innis Murray.

1841 Penny Cycl. XX. 192/2 The..relics of Pagan places of worship..; the pillar stone of witness, the tapering sun-stone, [etc.].

1895 E. Barclay Stonehenge & its Earth-works iii. 42 The tip of the Sun-stone, which appeared through the cleft of the central trilithon, coincided exactly with the visible horizon, and indicated the position of the rising sun.

2000 Jrnl. Southwest 42 76 This is also the only mitote ceremony celebrated at a mitote patio located near the sacred rock or ‘sun stone’.., a way of presenting these children to the sun.

4. Amber.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > amber > [noun]

amber1365

electruma1398

lambera1400

karabe1545

electre1595

succin1596

ounce stone1601

succinum1608

bead-amber1611

sunstone1848

succinite1854

electron1882

burmite1893

1848 E. C. Otté tr. A. von Humboldt Cosmos II. p. xxiv (note) The electron, the sun-stone [Ger. Sonnenstein] of the very ancient mythus of the Eridanus.

1855 P. J. Bailey Mystic 91 Sunstone, which every phantom foul dispels.

1896 W. A. Buffum Tears of Heliades (1897) i. 7 Trinacria's lustrous and pellucid sun-stone.

1929 G. P. Merrill Minerals from Earth & Sky ii. iv. 267 The Greeks called it elektron, or sunstone.

2004 A. Aizpuriete Looking at Latvia (2006) 41 Amber is also called ‘sunstone’.

5. In medieval Scandinavia and Iceland: a stone said to be able to indicate the direction of the sun when it is hidden by cloud.Identified by some authors with a mineral such as Iceland spar which transmits polarized light.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > stone > a stone > [noun] > stone with mythical properties > others

lectoryc1275

honey stone1567

erne-stone1587

sunstone1874

1874 R. Cleasby & G. Vigfusson Icelandic-Eng. Dict. (new ed.) 579/2 Sólar-steinn, m. a sun-stone or loadstone, = leiðarsteinn, used by sailors to find the place of the sun on a cloudy day.

1947 J. E. Turville-Petre tr. Story of Rauð & his Sons 24 The King..sent a man out to observe the weather, and there was not a patch of clear sky to be seen. The King then asked Sigurd to determine how far the sun had travelled. He gave a precise answer. So the King had the sun-stone held aloft, and observed where it cast out a beam; the altitude it showed was exactly as Sigurd had said.

1968 Carnegie Mag. May 152/1 In overcast weather, a ‘sunstone’ determined the position of the sun.

1984 G. Jones Hist. Vikings (rev. ed.) iii. ii. 193 The casualness would be still more understandable if we could be sure that in the Viking Age the Norsemen had learned to make use of the light-polarizing qualities of calcite or Iceland spar (sólarsteinn , sun-stone), and could thus make an observation of the sun even when it was hidden from view.

2007 Guardian 7 Feb. 8/5 Vikings may have used special crystals called sunstones to ensure gloomy weather did not come between them and an outing to sack British villages or discover new lands to the west, scientists have discovered.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, January 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	sunstone
释义	sunstonen. Brit. /ˈsʌnstəʊn/, U.S. /ˈsənˌstoʊn/ Forms: see sun n.¹ and stone n. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: sun n.¹, stone n. Etymology: < sun n.¹ + stone n.In sense 1 after classical Latin sōlis gemma precious stone of the sun, described by Pliny ( Nat. Hist. 37. 67) as a white stone which throws out rays like the sun. In sense 4 originally after German Sonnenstein (1800 or earlier in this sense), so called because, according to a Greek myth, the Heliades or daughters of the sun were changed into poplars and wept tears of amber. Ancient Greek ἤλεκτρον amber (see electrum n.) is related to ἠλέκτωρ , which occurs as an epithet of the sun. In sense 5 after Old Icelandic sólarsteinn. †1. A white or colourless stone said to emit rays of light. Cf. sun's gem n. at sun n.¹ Compounds 5d. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > less identifiable gems > [noun] > white or colourless stone alectorya1398 gelatiaa1398 sunstonea1398 galactitea1500 white stone1861 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xvi. xc. 873 The sonne stone hatte solis gemma and is white and schynyng, and haþ þat name for he schyneþ with beemes as þe sonne doþ. 2. Any of various precious stones typically showing red or golden-yellow internal reflections; spec.: †(a) a form of quartz; = cat's-eye n. 2 (obsolete); (b) any of several forms of feldspar containing embedded crystals of other minerals. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > feldspars > [noun] sunstone1652 labradorite1814 Amazon-stone1836 silicite1843 the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > tectosilicate > [noun] > feldspar > others sunstone1652 huronite1836 taenite1841 hyalophane1855 belonite1868 microclase1885 anorthoclase1888 barbierite1910 society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > rock crystal > [noun] > chalcedony > cat's eye cat's-eye1588 star gem1693 sunstone1794 1652 T. Nicols Lapidary xvii. 111 It [sc. Chrysolite] is of the nature of the Solaris, or Sun-stone. 1664 G. Havers tr. T. Renaudot et al. Gen. Coll. Disc. Virtuosi France xxxii. 194 Thus, amongst stones, those which are call'd Helites and Selenites (Sun-stone, and Moon-stone) [Fr. helites & selenites] are luminous, because they partake of the rayes of those Luminaries. 1794 J. G. Schmeisser Syst. Mineral. I. 137 Cats Eye... The Sun Stone of the Turks. 1798 C. Greville in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 88 414 Reflection of light, which, in a polished state, gives varieties to the cat's eye, star-stone, sun-stone, etc. 1821 R. Jameson Man. Mineral. 155 Another variety of adularia, found in Siberia, is known to jewellers under the name Sunstone. It is of a yellowish-grey colour, and numberless golden spots appear distributed throughout its whole substance. 1884 F. J. Britten Watch & Clockmakers' Handbk. (new ed.) 216 Moon-Stone, Sun-Stone, Amazon-Stone and Avanturine are forms of felsper. 1966 R. Webster Pract. Gemmol. (ed. 4) xi. 119 Sunstone. A plagioclase feldspar (oligoclase) which has a reddish colour and spangled effect due to the inclusion of masses of platy crystals of an iron mineral. 2009 L. Grande & A. Augustyn Gems & Gemstones 243 Oligoclase gemstones are found as two main types: colorless faceting-grade material and an adularescent orange-red to yellowish-red opaque to semi-transparent stone called sunstone, Indian sunstone, or aventurine Feldspar. 3. A large monumental stone or rock, esp. a prehistoric menhir, connected with sun worship. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > [noun] > bird or stone sacred to the sun sunstone1828 sunbird1871 1828 Trans. Royal Irish Acad. 15 173 In the centre there might have stood an altar, as in the Giant's ring; or a sun-stone, as at Innis Murray. 1841 Penny Cycl. XX. 192/2 The..relics of Pagan places of worship..; the pillar stone of witness, the tapering sun-stone, [etc.]. 1895 E. Barclay Stonehenge & its Earth-works iii. 42 The tip of the Sun-stone, which appeared through the cleft of the central trilithon, coincided exactly with the visible horizon, and indicated the position of the rising sun. 2000 Jrnl. Southwest 42 76 This is also the only mitote ceremony celebrated at a mitote patio located near the sacred rock or ‘sun stone’.., a way of presenting these children to the sun. 4. Amber. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > amber > [noun] amber1365 electruma1398 lambera1400 karabe1545 electre1595 succin1596 ounce stone1601 succinum1608 bead-amber1611 sunstone1848 succinite1854 electron1882 burmite1893 1848 E. C. Otté tr. A. von Humboldt Cosmos II. p. xxiv (note) The electron, the sun-stone [Ger. Sonnenstein] of the very ancient mythus of the Eridanus. 1855 P. J. Bailey Mystic 91 Sunstone, which every phantom foul dispels. 1896 W. A. Buffum Tears of Heliades (1897) i. 7 Trinacria's lustrous and pellucid sun-stone. 1929 G. P. Merrill Minerals from Earth & Sky ii. iv. 267 The Greeks called it elektron, or sunstone. 2004 A. Aizpuriete Looking at Latvia (2006) 41 Amber is also called ‘sunstone’. 5. In medieval Scandinavia and Iceland: a stone said to be able to indicate the direction of the sun when it is hidden by cloud.Identified by some authors with a mineral such as Iceland spar which transmits polarized light. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > stone > a stone > [noun] > stone with mythical properties > others lectoryc1275 honey stone1567 erne-stone1587 sunstone1874 1874 R. Cleasby & G. Vigfusson Icelandic-Eng. Dict. (new ed.) 579/2 Sólar-steinn, m. a sun-stone or loadstone, = leiðarsteinn, used by sailors to find the place of the sun on a cloudy day. 1947 J. E. Turville-Petre tr. Story of Rauð & his Sons 24 The King..sent a man out to observe the weather, and there was not a patch of clear sky to be seen. The King then asked Sigurd to determine how far the sun had travelled. He gave a precise answer. So the King had the sun-stone held aloft, and observed where it cast out a beam; the altitude it showed was exactly as Sigurd had said. 1968 Carnegie Mag. May 152/1 In overcast weather, a ‘sunstone’ determined the position of the sun. 1984 G. Jones Hist. Vikings (rev. ed.) iii. ii. 193 The casualness would be still more understandable if we could be sure that in the Viking Age the Norsemen had learned to make use of the light-polarizing qualities of calcite or Iceland spar (sólarsteinn , sun-stone), and could thus make an observation of the sun even when it was hidden from view. 2007 Guardian 7 Feb. 8/5 Vikings may have used special crystals called sunstones to ensure gloomy weather did not come between them and an outing to sack British villages or discover new lands to the west, scientists have discovered. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, January 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1398
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