swapswopn.

Brit.

/swɒp/, U.S.

/swɑp/

Forms: Also Middle English–1600s swappe, Middle English swape, ( sqwappe, squappe), 1700s south-western dialect zwap, zwop, 1800s swapp.

Etymology: < swap v. The spelling swap for both is recommended.

I. Senses relating to striking.

1. An act of ‘swapping’ or striking; a stroke, blow; †occasionally a kiss. Obsolete exc. dialect.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impact > striking > [noun] > a stroke or blow

dintc897

swengOE

shutec1000

kill?c1225

swipc1275

stroke1297

dentc1325

touchc1325

knock1377

knalc1380

swapc1384

woundc1384

smitinga1398

lush?a1400

sowa1400

swaipa1400

wapc1400

smita1425

popc1425

rumbelowc1425

hitc1450

clope1481

rimmel1487

blow1488

dinga1500

quartera1500

ruska1500

tucka1500

recounterc1515

palta1522

nolpc1540

swoop1544

push1561

smot1566

veny1578

remnant1580

venue1591

cuff1610

poltc1610

dust1611

tank1686

devel1787

dunching1789

flack1823

swinge1823

looder1825

thrash1840

dolk1861

thresh1863

mace-blow1879

pulsation1891

nosebleeder1921

slosh1936

smackeroo1942

dab-

the mind > emotion > love > kiss > [noun]

kissc1000

bassc1450

baisier1477

swapa1566

buss1567

smouch1578

lip-lick1582

lip-clip1606

tuck1611

accolade1654

poguec1670

osculum1706

slobber1884

banger1898

snog1959

α.

c1384 G. Chaucer Hous of Fame (Fairf.) ii. 35 With hys grym pawes stronge,..Me fleynge in a swappe [Bodl. MS. yn a swape, Caxton at a swap] he hente.

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 222 Fendez ful blake Weued at þe fyrst swap as þe snaw þikke.

c1400 Anturs of Arth. (Douce) xlii Withe a swap [v.r. sqwappe] of a swerde þat swaþel him swykes.

c1440 J. Capgrave Life St. Katherine iii. 313 The gate shal open lightly at a swap.

c1440 York Myst. xxxiii. 362 Swete may þis swayne for sweght of our swappes!

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 842/2 Swappe for Swappe, coup pour coup.

1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus i. f. 15 Halfe oure tyme..is at one swappe quite taken awaye.

a1556 N. Udall Ralph Roister Doister (?1566) iv. iv. sig. G.j I with my newe broome will sweepe hym one swappe.

a1566 R. Edwards Damon & Pithias (1571) sig. Fiij^v If ich could not steale one swap at their lippes.

a1627 J. Fletcher & T. Middleton Nice Valour iii. ii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Uuu2^v/1 There's no new fashion'd swappe that ere came up yet, But I've the first on 'em.

1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot i. viii. 30 The Usher gives him a shrewd swap on the very end of the elbow.

1818 J. Hogg Brownie of Bodsbeck I. 135 Whan a thing comes on ye that gate, that's a dadd... Then a paik, that's a swapp or a skelp like.

1822 J. Hogg Three Perils of Man II. xix. 243 Pell-mell, swap for swap, was a' that they countit on.

β. 1746 Exmoor Scolding (ed. 3) i. 7 Gi' me a Zwop?—Ad! chell gi' tha a Wherret, or a Zlat in the Chups.1863 W. Barnes Gram. & Gloss. Dorset Dial. Swop, a strong whop.

II. Senses relating to exchanging.

a. An act, or the action, of ‘swapping’ or exchanging; (an) exchange. slang or colloquial.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > barter > [noun]

formanginga1300

nifferc1400

barteringc1440

roring1440

commutation1496

scorsing1509

chopping and changing1548

exchange1553

truck1553

block1568

bartery1570

chopping1581

scorse1590

barter1592

trucking1594

swap1625

truckage1641

truck trade1740

handling1850

society > trade and finance > barter > [noun] > a barter

swap1625

chopa1670

the world > time > change > exchange > [noun] > instance of

achange1530

chopping and changing1548

swap1625

shuffle1641

general post1879

musical chairs1958

α.

1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes I. iv. iv. §2. 418 They..will either beg them, or make a swap with you in priuate.

1711 N. Blundell Diary (1895) 90 I proposed a Swap with Samw. Edw. between my Button and his Gray Galloway.

1786 R. Burns Poems 201 We'se..hae a swap o' rhymin-ware, Wi' ane anither.

1798 T. Morton Speed the Plough (1800) i. i. 7 Drabbit it, only to think of the zwaps and changes of this world!

1805 C. James New Mil. Dict. (ed. 2) (at cited word) A writership or a military appointment given for a seat in parliament may be called a swap.

1822 W. Cobbett Rural Rides in Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 14 Dec. 679 Lord Castlereagh..was accused of making a swap, as the horse-jockeys call it, of a writer-ship against a seat.

1888 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Robbery under Arms viii A big, brown, resolute, well-bred horse he had got in a swap because the man that had him was afraid of him.

β. 1682 Heraclitus Ridens 13 June 1/2 They'd almost threaten to flee the Land and put themselves under the protection of the French King... And a fair swop, cry I.1702 E. Baynard Cold Baths (1706) ii. 172 It cur'd her Ague, but made a worse swop; for she was..seiz'd with Epileptick Fits.1715 J. Addison Spectator No. 559. ¶6 These [two Gentlemen] had made a foolish Swop between a Couple of thick bandy Legs, and two long Trapsticks that had no Calfs to them.1851 H. Mayhew London Labour I. 370/1 The glass wares are so very rarely sold... ‘Swop, sir,’ I was told repeatedly, ‘they all goes in swop.’1882 G. A. Sala Amer. Revisited (1885) 365 [Railway] tickets are..the object of..barter, ‘swop’ and ‘trade’ generally.1884 Manch. Examiner 6 Dec. 5/5 It is probable that Mr. Master will find little to complain of in the swop he has effected.

†b. ? An allowance made in exchanging. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > discount > [noun] > discount in exchanging

swap1595

alloy1598

1595 Compt Bk. D. Wedderburne (S.H.S.) 31 Item xs. for the swap to be allowit in the Witsonday termes meill nixt.

c. slang. to get (or have) the swap: to be dismissed from employment. (Cf. swap v. 8a.)

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > lack of work > [verb (intransitive)] > dismiss or discharge > be dismissed or discharged

to get the bag1804

to get the sack1825

swap1862

to get the boot1888

to take a walk1888

to get the run1889

to get (or have) the swap1890

to get the (big) bird1924

to get one's jotters1944

1890 A. Barrère & C. G. Leland Dict. Slang at Swop

1905 H. G. Wells Kipps i. v. §3 Every time I've had the swap I've never believed I should get another Crib.

3. Finance. In foreign exchange operations: an exchange of an amount of money at different rates (i.e. a ‘spot’ sale for a ‘forward’ purchase). More generally, an arrangement between the central banks of two countries for stand-by credit to facilitate the exchange of each other's currency. Chiefly attributive.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > financial dealings > types of money-dealing > [noun] > money-changing > types of

rechange1487

foreign exchange1623

outchange1695

forex1947

swapping1957

swap1963

1963 Economist 14 Dec. 70/1 A permanent system of automatic swap-lines as opposed to the existing three-monthly swaps is favoured together with easier facilities for medium term credit.

1968 Times 9 Sept. 1/2 Swap arrangements. The 12 members of the Basle central bankers' club have made reciprocal arrangements to make short-term loans to each other in the event of any currency coming under severe pressure.

1970 Sloan & Zurcher Dict. Econ. (ed. 5) 425 Swap credits are used especially in periods of emergency when a particular country's currency..comes under pressure because speculators are selling it on the world markets.

1975 Financial Times 29 Oct. 7/1 A classic swap is a transaction in which a spot purchase of a given currency, is covered by a forward sale of the same amount.

1979 Bank of England Q. Bull. June 131 The Federal Reserve and the US Treasury again repaid some swap debt to other central banks.

Compounds

Special combinations.

swap fund n. U.S. Stock Market a fund which investors enter by exchanging securities directly for shares in the fund, obtaining a diversified portfolio without selling stock, and thereby avoiding liability for capital gains tax on the sale of these securities.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > stocks and shares > stocks, shares, or bonds > [noun] > other investment funds

investment fund1784

investment vehicle1920

I.R.A.1921

no-load1963

hedge fund1966

swap fund1966

offshore fund1969

roll-up fund1983

tokkin1985

PEP1986

rolled-up1987

1966 Economist 23 July 380/1 The Revenue Service..will no longer permit investors to defer capital gains tax on the appreciation of stocks exchanged for shares of the special swap funds.

swap meet n. chiefly U.S. a gathering at which enthusiasts discuss, exchange, or trade items of common interest.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > barter > [noun] > swap shop or meet

swap meet1973

swap shop1976

1973 Daily Tel. 25 Aug. 16/1 A market has been established in them [sc. bottles] and regular ‘swop-meets’ are arranged so that enthusiasts can buy and sell among themselves.

1976 Billings (Montana) Gaz. 11 July 3- b/1 The swap meet has become an annual event that attracts visitors from Canada and other states to exchange information about antique cars and parts, he said.

swap shop n. an agency for putting people with articles to exchange or trade in touch with one another; also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > barter > [noun] > swap shop or meet

swap meet1973

swap shop1976

1976 Milton Keynes Express 18 June 27/6 (advt.) Dishot Swop Shop.

1976 Sunday Post (Glasgow) 26 Dec. Just before half-time some fans not involved in the beer can ‘swop-shop’ took refuge on the park.

1977 Skateboard Special Sept. 2/1 If you want to take up our super Swap-Shop offer now's your chance.

1979 Guardian 5 July 4/4 Instead of handing down golden tablets..the Schools Council will become more of a swap shop for ideas.

Draft additions March 2013

Finance. Any of various types of derivative in which two parties agree to exchange one stream of cash flows for another, for example by paying each other interest on a certain (notional) principle at a fixed versus a variable rate, for a specified period of time. Frequently with modifying word or phrase indicating the type of financial instrument involved.Used earlier with reference to foreign exchange transactions: see sense 3.credit default swap: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > stocks and shares > [noun] > specific operations or arrangements

intromission1567

hedginga1631

retiring1681

partnership1704

put1718

time bargain1720

bargain for time1721

option1746

call1825

put and call1826

cornering1841

corner1853

raid1866

pooling1871

squeeze1872

call option1874

recapitalization1874

short squeeze1877

split-up1878

margin call1888

pyramid1888

profit taking1891

pyramiding1895

underwriting1895

melon-cutting1900

round turn1901

market-making1902

put-through1902

put and take1921

round trip1922

put and take1929

leverage1931

split-down1932

switching1932

give-up1934

mark to market1938

recap1940

rollover1947

downtick1954

stock split1955

traded option1955

leg1959

stock splitting1959

rollover1961

split1972

spread betting1972

unitization1974

marking-to-market1981

swap1982

telebroking1984

1982 United Press Internat. Newswire (Nexis) 7 July In what is believed to be the first fixed-for-floating rate interest swap by a major U.S. corporation, Amfac, Inc. Wednesday completed a $50 million financial transaction with a syndicate of Canadian and European banks.

1989 Economist 8 Apr. 38/3 The shock passed, but it has now been revived by doubts about the legality of councils' interest-rate swaps and swap options.

1993 Computing 2 Sept. 7/1 Derivatives are financial products based on the movements of shares, bonds, currencies and commodities, including futures, options and swaps.

1994 F. Allen & D. Gale Financial Innovation & Risk Sharing ii. 26 As yet, the commodity swap market is small relative to the currency and interest rate swap markets.

2000 N.Y. Times Bk. Rev. 24 Sept. 13/3 [The firm] used derivative securities called equity swaps to make those trades without putting up any significant cash.

2009 Vanity Fair Aug. 145/2 Meyer and his team of portfolio managers moved Harvard's money into all sorts of things: private equity, real estate,..foreign equities, credit-default swaps, interest-rate swaps, cross-currency swaps, commodities, [etc.].

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

swapswopv.

Brit.

/swɒp/, U.S.

/swɑp/

Forms: α. Middle English– swap, Middle English–1600s swappe, (Middle English squappe, swape), 1500s–1600s swapp, 1600s swab; past tense Middle English–1500s swapte, Middle English swappede, (Middle English sqwapputte); past tense and participle Middle English– swapped, swapt; Scottish and northernMiddle English swappyt, Middle English–1500s swappit, 1500s swapit, ( suapit). β. Middle English–1500s swope, 1600s– swop; past tense and participle 1600s– swopped, swopt.

Etymology: probably of echoic origin, signifying a smart resounding blow (compare swap adv.). So German dialect schwappe resounding box on the ear, schwappen to make a clapping or splashing noise, to strike with a resounding blow. The development of the sense of concluding a bargain from that of striking is paralleled in various uses of strike; compare also Latin foedus ferire.

I. Senses relating to striking.

†1.

a. transitive. To strike, hit, smite (occasionally used of kissing). Also figurative. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impact > striking > strike [verb (transitive)]

swingc725

slayc825

knockc1000

platOE

swengea1225

swipa1225

kill?c1225

girdc1275

hitc1275

befta1300

anhitc1300

frapa1330

lushc1330

reddec1330

takec1330

popc1390

swapa1400

jod?14..

quella1425

suffetc1440

smith1451

nolpc1540

bedunch1567

percuss1575

noba1586

affrap1590

cuff?1611

doda1661

buffa1796

pug1802

nob1811

scud1814

bunt1825

belt1838

duntle1850

punt1886

plunk1888

potch1892

to stick one on1910

clunk1943

zonk1950

the mind > emotion > love > kiss > [verb (transitive)]

kissc900

reachOE

bassc1500

to lay on the lips1530

bussa1566

swap1577

smouch1588

lip1605

bause1607

suaviate1650

to pree a person's mouth1724

accolade1843

to give (someone) onec1882

to give (a person) some sugar1921

steups1967

a1400 Leg. Rood (1871) 142 A swerd swapped hire þorw þe brest.

c1400 Anturs of Arth. (Douce) xl He swapped [v.r. sqwapputte] him yne at þe swyre, with a swerde kene.

c1440 York Myst. xxx. 286 A sweuene þat swiftely hir swapped, Of one Jesu þe juste man.

a1535 T. More Dialoge of Comfort (1553) iii. xxiiii. sig. U.ii^v They that lye in a pleuresie thinke at euerye time that they coughe, they fele a sharpe sword swappe them to the hearte.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1271 With a swinge of his sworde [he] swappit hym in þe fase.

1558 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Seuen First Bks. Eneidos vi. R j b Anon the giltie soules..Tisiphonee doth take, and scourging them she swappes with whippes.

1577 N. Breton Floorish vpon Fancie sig. Bij To..swap ech slut, vpon the lippes, that in the darke hee meetes.

b. To strike or smite off, in two, etc.; to cut or chop off or asunder at one blow; to drive out, etc. by striking. Obsolete exc. archaic. Also †to swap to (the) death, of live, to kill at a blow.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impelling or driving > impel or drive [verb (transitive)] > by impact or force > by striking or beating

smitec1330

swapa1375

inbeatc1420

possa1425

rushc1440

strike1450

ram1519

pash1530

thwack1566

whip1567

thump1596

lash1597

knocka1616

switcha1625

to knock down1653

to knock in1669

stave1837

whip1868

slog1884

to beat down-

the world > life > death > killing > killing by specific method > kill [verb (transitive)] > by blow(s)

to beat (also stone, slay, etc.) to deathOE

to swap to (the) death, of livea1375

to ding to deathc1380

to knock on (in) the head (also rarely at head)?1562

settle?1611

to bowl (one) to deatha1616

tomahawk1711

stocking1762

out1899

to knock out1903

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separation or detachment > detach [verb (transitive)] > with violence > strike off

off-smitec1275

strikec1320

ofgreetc1330

swapa1375

strikec1386

a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 3609 To haue with his swerd swapped of his heade.

c1386 G. Chaucer Second Nun's Tale 247 Who so wol nat sacrifise Swape [v.rr. swap, swappe] of his heed.

a1400–50 Wars Alex. (Ashm.) 957 He swyngis out with a swerd & swappis him to dethe.

c1400 Anturs of Arth. (Taylor) xl Syxti maylis and moe, The squrd squappes [Douce. swapt] in toe.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xvii. 691 The gynour than gert bend in hy The gyne, and swappit [1489 Adv. wappyt] out the stane.

?a1500 Chester Pl. xiv. 389 The Devill Swapp [MS. W. 1592 swope] of my Swyre, if I do it without hyre.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 6699 With a swyng of his sword [he] swappit hym of lyue.

1581 A. Hall tr. Homer 10 Bks. Iliades x. 186 The king for thirtenth Diomede out life to death doth swap.

1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis iii. 64 Feare thear vs enforced..Too swap of oure cables.

1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne xx. xxxiii. 370 And then Alarcos head she swapt off cleene.

1888 C. M. Doughty Trav. Arabia Deserta II. 17 Drawing his sword, he..swapt off at once the miserable man's head.

c. To cut or reap (corn or other crops) close to the ground with a ‘swap-hook’ (see Compounds). dialect.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > harvesting > harvest (a crop) [verb (transitive)] > reap or mow a crop > reap with swap-hook

swap1853

1853 W. D. Cooper Gloss. Provincialisms Sussex (ed. 2) 80 Swap,..to cut wheat in a peculiar way, more like chopping than reaping.

1861 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 22 ii. 378 Both crops were ‘swapped’, or cut close to the ground.

1903 Sat. Rev. 8 Aug. 168/2 It is time..to go swapping the laid piece down by Kixes Wood.

2. intransitive. To strike, smite, deal a blow or blows. Now rare or Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impact > striking > strike or deliver blows [verb (intransitive)]

slay971

smitelOE

flatc1330

flap1362

acoupc1380

frapa1400

girda1400

hit?a1400

knocka1400

swap?a1400

wapa1400

castc1400

strike1509

befta1522

to throw about one1590

cuff1596

to let down1640

dunch1805

yark1818

bunt1867

?a1400 Morte Arth. 1129 He..Swappez in with the swerde Þat it þe swange brystedde.

?a1400 Morte Arth. 1795 He spede hym fulle ȝerne, Swappede owtte with a swerde.

c1400 Song Roland 747 He drawithe out his swerd, and swappithe hym about.

1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) I. 206 Tha swapit ouir quhill all the swyir did swydder.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 5936 He swappit at hym swithe with a swerd felle.

c1560 Hunting Cheviot in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1889) III. vi. 309 The swapte togethar tylle the both swat, With swordes that wear of fyn myllan.

1827 W. Tennant Papistry Storm'd 63 Wi' angry bill, and will theretill, They wapp't and swapp't, and flapp't and slapp't.

3. transitive. To move (something) quickly or briskly, esp. so as to impinge upon something else; to fling, cast, throw (down, etc.) forcibly; to bang (a door) to; reflexive to sit down with force, plump oneself down. Obsolete exc. dialect.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > throw [verb (transitive)] > so as to impinge on something > forcibly

swapc1374

pashc1390

swackc1425

smashc1800

the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of sitting > sit down [verb (reflexive)]

siteOE

seta1300

to sit downa1393

to set downa1400

seat1589

swapa1592

bench1608

pitch1844

c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iv. 245 His hed to þe wal, his body to þe grounde Ful ofte he swapte.

a1400 Sir Beues (A.) 1899 Beues is swerd anon vp swapte.

c1440 Gesta Romanorum (Harl.) i. 3 He swapte his hed vndir þe watir.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) x. 623 Ȝeit ves thar ane Of thame that swappit doun a stane.

a1550 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Wemyss) cxlv. l. 2022 He swappit egirly þe blude Rycht in till William Wallace face.

a1592 R. Greene Frier Bacon (1594) sig. A4^v Sheele swap thee into hir plackerd.

1592 G. Babington Certaine Comfortable Notes Genesis (xviii.) f. 71^v We swap vs downe in our places most vnreuerently.

1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. P4 He runs and swaps the doore too.

1642 Life Hen. II in Harl. Misc. (Malh.) V. 235 Because the legate was not to remove, and the archbishop would not remove, therefore he most unmannerly swopped him down on the Archbishop of Canterbury's lap.

1794 J. Wolcot Frogs & Jupiter in Wks. (1812) III. 259 Down he swopp'd A monstrous Piece of Wood.

1825 E. Mackenzie Hist. View Northumberland I. 149 (note) To swap the door..is as much as to say, shut it violently.

1846 W. E. Forster in T. W. Reid Life W. E. Forster (1888) I. vi. 186 Only think of poor self swapped down in the midst of forty Quakeresses.

a. intransitive. To move with haste or violence, esp. so as to strike or impinge upon something; to fall down suddenly or with a ‘flop’; to sink into a swoon; to come hastily or forcibly, fling oneself into a place, etc. Now rare or Obsolete.The instance of swapte in the later text of Layamon 26775 (Beofs to him swapte [earlier text him biarnde] and mid harmes hine biclupte) is probably an error for swipte (see swip v.), a frequent form in Layamon.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > unconsciousness > lose consciousness [verb (intransitive)] > faint or swoon

swotherc1000

swowa1250

swoonc1290

sweltc1330

trance1340

to fall on, in swowa1375

swapc1386

sound1393

dwelea1400

swaya1400

faintc1440

owmawt1440

swalmc1440

sweamc1440

syncopize1490

dwalm?a1513

swarf1513

swound1530

cothe1567

sweb1599

to go away1655

to die away1707

go1768

sink1769

sile1790

to pass out1915

to black out1935

the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > swift movement in specific manner > move swiftly in specific manner [verb (intransitive)] > move swiftly and violently

driveeOE

fallOE

reseOE

routOE

rashOE

swip?c1225

weothec1275

startlec1300

lushc1330

swapc1386

brusha1400

spurna1400

buschc1400

frushc1400

rushc1405

rushle1553

rouse1582

hurl1609

powder1632

slash1689

stave1819

tilt1831

bulge1834

smash1835

storm1837

stream1847

ripsnort1932

slam1973

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > falling > fall [verb (intransitive)] > with force or violence

dump1333

swapc1386

to shove downc1400

squat1587

to go down1697

spank1800

thwacka1851

to beat down1860

c1386 G. Chaucer Clerk's Tale 1099 Al sodeynly she swapte [v.r. swapped] adoun to grounde.

a1400 Minor Poems Vernon MS. (1901) 621 Heo swapte on swownyng.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xvii. 683 The stane smertly swappit [1489 Adv. swappyt] out.

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) vii. l. 349 As bestly folk [thai] tuk off thaim selff no keip..Throuch full gluttre in swarff swappyt lik swyn.

1559 D. Lindsay Test. Papyngo l. 184 in Wks. (1931) I Scho..flatlyngis fell, and swappit in to swoun.

1592 W. Wyrley Capitall de Buz in True Vse Armorie 113 With chilling fear, the Ladies swapped downe, In deadly sownd.

1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique i. xv. 93 The kite,..which sometimes will not let to swap into the very broodehouse to..carrie away the chickens.

c1700 W. Kennett MS Lansdowne 1033 To swapp or swoop at, catch hastily as a kite is said to swapp at chickens.

1729 C. Cibber Vanbrugh's Provok'd Husband (new ed.) v. iii. 89 So in swops me, with my Hoop stuff'd up to my Forehead!

1770 S. Foote Lame Lover ii. 48 There he swops with both his knees on the ground.

b. To flap or beat up and down: also with it.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in specific manner > alternating or reciprocating motion > move to and fro or up and down [verb (intransitive)] > flap or beat up and down

fanc1400

swapa1529

wavea1530

flap1692

winnow1852

flail1874

flip-flop1924

the world > movement > motion in specific manner > irregular movement or agitation > move irregularly or be agitated [verb (intransitive)] > flap loosely

wapc1400

flaffa1522

flap1529

flip-flap1599

flop1602

flasker1689

wamfle1808

wallop1822

flacket1823

flapper1835

swap1884

slat1889

faffle1951

a1529 J. Skelton Magnyfycence (?1530) sig. Cii Thy slyppers they swap it, yet y^u fotys it lyke a swanne.

1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) III. 561 Vpoun ane suey ay swappand vp and doun.

1884 ‘M. Twain’ Adventures Huckleberry Finn viii. 61 There was freckled places on the ground where the light sifted down through the leaves, and the freckled places swapped about a little, showing there was a little breeze up there.

c. transitive. To pounce upon, seize.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > descend [verb (transitive)] > swoop down upon

swoop1638

pounce1648

swapa1712

swoop1797

to pounce on (or upon)1812

a1712 W. King Eagle & Robin 137 They'll swop our chicken from the door.

1821 J. Clare Village Minstrel I. 18 Chick, and duck, and gosling gone astray; All falling prizes to the swopping kite.

†5. transitive. To drink off quickly, toss off; to eat up, devour. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > [verb (transitive)] > drink up or off

swap?1507

swingea1529

drink1535

uphalec1540

toss1568

trill off?1589

snapa1592

to toss offa1592

to turn down1593

to top off1598

drain1604

to take off1613

outdrinka1631

whip1639

swoop1648

epote1657

to fetch off1657

ebibe1689

fetch1691

to tip off1699

to sweep off1707

tip1784

to turn over1796

?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 47 Thai swapit of [a1586 swappit at] the sueit wyne.

1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 21 At a blow hee lustelye swapping, Thee wyne..swild vp to the bottom.

1592 T. Nashe Strange Newes in Wks. (1904) I. 258 That thou mightst swappe off a hartie draught to the success of this voiage.

1593 G. Harvey Pierces Supererogation 147 [Thou] hast swapped-downe a pounde of Butter at a peece of a Breakefast.

?1609 J. Healey tr. Bp. J. Hall Discouery New World i. 1 Where that huge..Birde called Rvc, snatcheth vp..a whole Elephant at a stoope, and swappes him vp at a bit.

II. Senses relating to bargain or exchange.

†6.

a. absol. or intransitive apparently To ‘strike hands’ in token of an agreement or bargain. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > bargaining > bargain [verb (intransitive)] > make a bargain

to make (a or one's) merchandise?a1300

swapc1400

cope1575

to strike (up obs.) a bargain1607

the mind > language > speech > agreement > make an agreement [verb (intransitive)] > in a specific way

swapc1400

to strike handsc1440

clapa1593

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1108 Swete, swap we so—sware with trawþe.

†b. transitive. To strike (a bargain). Also with up.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > bargaining > bargain over [verb (transitive)] > strike (a bargain)

swap1590

strike1766

the mind > language > speech > agreement > make an agreement with [verb (transitive)] > make conclude or seal (an agreement)

binda1300

smitec1330

takec1330

ratify1357

knitc1400

enter1418

obligea1522

agree1523

conclude1523

strike1544

swap1590

celebrate1592

rate?1611

to strike up1646

form1736

firm1970

1590 T. Lodge Rosalynde (1592) F ij Aliena..swapt a bargaine with his Landslord.

1592 R. Greene Blacke Bookes Messenger sig. B4^v Wee like two good Horse-corsers, made a choppe and change, and swapt vp a Rogish bargaine, and so he maried my wife and I his.

1650 J. Reynolds Flower of Fidelitie 147 They forth with swapt a bargain.

a1713 A. Pitcairne Assembly (1766) iv. i. 41 I must know what you can do, ere I swap a bargain.

a. To give or dispose of in exchange for something else; to exchange (a thing) with another person. Also, to give (something) to (a person) by way of exchange; to swap horses in midstream: see to swap horses in midstream at horse n. 18. Chiefly, now only, slang or colloquial.Probably originally a horsedealer's term: cf. 1592 at sense 6b.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > barter > [verb (transitive)]

interchangec1374

changea1382

barterc1440

corsec1440

rore1440

truckc1440

coss14..

scorse1509

chafferc1535

to chop and change1549

chop1554

cope1570

excourse1593

swap1594

coupc1610

exchange1614

to trade off1676

rap1699

dicker1864

horse-trade1924

α.

1594 J. Lyly Mother Bombie v. iii. sig. I2 Soft, Ile not swap my father for all this.

1600 J. Lyly Loves Metamorphosis i. ii Inconstancie is a vice, which I will not swap for all the vertues.

1647 J. Pawson On Detractors in J. Hall Poems sig. A8 Thy works purchase thee more Then they can swappe there Heritages for.

1679 London Gaz. No. 1423/4 He swapt a sorrel Stonehorse near Ripon about 14 or 15 hands high.

1708 N. Blundell Diary (1895) 61 He was about swaping his Running Hors with my Lord Mountg[arret].

1798 J. Root Rep. Superior Court & Supreme Court of Errors 1 66 One Rose and Charles Knot..proposed to swap shoe buckles.

1823 T. Moore Mem. (1853) IV. 149 Find that the man with whom I wished to swap ponies requires five pounds with mine.

1825 J. Neal Brother Jonathan I. 154 He will ‘swap’ anything with you.

1843 W. Carleton Traits & Stories Irish Peasantry (new ed.) I. 263 I offer up a pater and ave for you, and you again for me. It is called swapping or exchanging prayers.

1861 W. M. Thackeray Four Georges i. 10 [He] swapped a battalion against a dancing-girl's diamond necklace.

1864 A. Lincoln in E. R. Jones Lincoln, etc. (1876) 59 I am reminded..of a story of an old Dutch farmer, who remarked..‘that it was not best to swap horses when crossing a stream.’

1888 E. Eggleston Graysons x. 109 Farmers frequented the town, to meet old friends and get the better of them in swapping horses.

1891 Boston (Mass.) Jrnl. 12 Sept. 5/1 As they sat in the tavern, swapping stories.

1934 D. Hammett Thin Man iii. 14 Right now I'd swap you all the interviews with Mayor-elect O'Brien ever printed..for a slug of whis——.

1940 W. Faulkner Hamlet i. ii. 38 The team Stamper had swapped him stopped now with their heads down.

1948 W. Faulkner Intruder in Dust (1949) ix. 192 I swapped Crawford Gowrie a German pistol.

β. 1624 F. Quarles Iob Militant i There dwelt a man brought from his linniage That for his belly swopt his heritage.a1658 J. Cleveland To T. C. in Poems 45 For to make Mummie of her Grease, Or swop her to the Paper Mill.1660 Col. J. Okie's Lament. (single sheet) My Horses swopt for light Nags.1764 H. Walpole Let. to H. Mann 27 July I believe my Lady Temple would..be heartily glad to swop situations with you.1800 M. Edgeworth Castle Rackrent Gloss. p. xxxviii He makes me an offer to swop his mare that he couldn't sell at the fair of Gurtishannon.1823 W. Scott St. Ronan's Well II. v. 116 The new-fashioned finery which she swopt her character for.1861 O. W. Holmes Elsie Venner vii. 74 I wish our little man and him would swop pulpits.1882 M. E. Braddon Mt. Royal II. iv. 66 He bought and sold and swopped horses.1890 G. J. Younghusband Polo in India iii. 42 Jones's Rs. 500 pony had been swopped for a worthless mare.

b. with adverbs away, off.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > change > exchange > exchange, change for [verb (transitive)]

changec1225

truck?c1225

interchangec1374

permutec1400

wrixlec1400

turnc1449

wissel1487

chaffer1530

niffer1540

bandy1589

to chaffer words1590

swap1590

barter1596

counterchange1598

commute1633

trade1636

countercambiate1656

ring1786

rebarter1845

trade1864

swop1890

permutate1898

interconvert1953

society > trade and finance > barter > [verb (transitive)] > dispose of by barter

exchange1483

chaffer1530

to chop away1554

swap1590

truck1686

to barter away1690

1590 R. Harvey Plaine Percevall sig. B He..swapt away his siluer for Copper retaile.

1683 T. Tryon Way to Health 500 They swap us away for a little Money to the Butcher.

1708 London Gaz. No. 4404/3 He rode a stout black Mare the Day before taken, which he swop'd away.

1841 J. T. J. Hewlett Parish Clerk I. 204 Two cover-hacks..were exchanged, or rather, in stable phrase, swapped away.

1862 J. R. Lowell Biglow Papers 2nd Ser. ii. i. 67 Swappin' silver off for lead ain't the sure way to win.

1866 J. G. Whittier My Summer with Dr. Singletary vi I've noticed that your college chaps swop away their common sense for their larning.

1907 K. D. Wiggin New Chron. Rebecca viii. 230 He breaks all the young colts and trains them, and swaps off the poor ones.

c. absol. To exchange, make an exchange. Also with indirect object, to make an exchange of some specified item with (someone). colloquial.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > barter > [verb (intransitive)]

chopc1485

to chop and changec1485

barterc1503

truck1588

scorse1589

rap1699

swap1778

dicker1797

handel1850

the world > time > change > exchange > [verb (intransitive)]

changea1387

to chop and change?1541

swap1809

trade1949

1778 F. Burney Evelina III. xxi. 252 Doff your coat and waistcoat, and swop with Monsieur Grinagain here.

1809 E. A. Kendall Trav. Northern Parts U.S. III. lxix. 87 To buy, to sell, to exchange, or, as they term it, to swap, are the pursuits in which they wish to be constantly engaged.

1857 T. Hughes Tom Brown's School Days i. ix. 216 I know something of him at home, and should like to excuse him—will you swop?

1885 J. K. Jerome On Stage 153 If any gentleman has more friends of that kind than he wants, and would care to have a few of the opposite stamp, I am quite ready to swop with him.

1976 Evening Chron. (Newcastle) 26 Nov. As Coun. Collins says this council work will suit a pensioner, if he will answer this letter and tell me how many council meetings he has in a week, I will swap him.

8. transferred in various slang uses.

a. To dismiss or be dismissed from employment.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > lack of work > [verb (transitive)] > dismiss or discharge

to put awaya1387

discharge1428

dismiss1477

to put out of wages1542

discard1589

to turn away1602

to put off1608

disemploy1619

to pay off1648

to pay off1651

to turn out1667

to turn off1676

quietus1688

strip1756

trundle1794

unshop1839

shopc1840

to lay off1841

sack1841

drop1845

to give (a person) the shoot1846

bag1848

swap1862

fire1879

to knock off1881

bounce1884

to give (a person) the pushc1886

to give (a person) the boot or the order of the boot1888

bump1899

spear1911

to strike (a medical practitioner, etc.) off the register1911

terminate1920

tramp1941

shitcan1961

pink slip1966

dehire1970

resize1975

to give a person his jotters1990

society > occupation and work > lack of work > [verb (intransitive)] > dismiss or discharge > be dismissed or discharged

to get the bag1804

to get the sack1825

swap1862

to get the boot1888

to take a walk1888

to get the run1889

to get (or have) the swap1890

to get the (big) bird1924

to get one's jotters1944

1862 Macmillan's Mag. Nov. 34 The assistant [in a linen-draper's]..‘swops’ or is ‘swopped’, or gets or gives ‘the sack’.

1905 H. G. Wells Kipps i. v. (heading) ‘Swapped!’ [= dismissed].

b. To cheat, take in.

ΚΠ

1880 J. C. Harris Uncle Remus: Songs & Sayings iv Den Brer Fox know dat he bin swop off mighty bad.

c. To change one's clothes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > changing clothing > change clothing [verb (intransitive)]

changea1470

shift1608

undress1769

swap1904

1904 D. B. W. Sladen Playing the Game ii. xiv My man can bring my dress things later, if you'll give me a room to swop in.

Compounds

swap-hook n. dialect a kind of reaping-hook for cutting crops close to the ground (see 1c).

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > harvesting equipment > [noun] > reaping tools > sickle > types of

staff-hook?1523

pease-hook1545

brush-scythe1573

grass hook1665

swipe1742

twibill1763

pea-hook1840

swap-hook1863

1863 Standard 10 Sept. (Sussex provincialism) Swap-hook.

1875 W. D. Parish Dict. Sussex Dial. Swap, to reap corn and beans. Swap-hook, the implement used for swapping.

1883 R. Jefferies Life of Fields (1884) 84 [In Sussex] They call their reaphooks swaphooks or swophooks.

† swap-tail adj. Obsolete that strikes with its tail.

ΚΠ

1681 N. Grew Musæum Regalis Societatis i. ii. iii. 46 The Swaptail Lizard. Uromastix vel Caudiverbera.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

swapswopadv.int.

Etymology: The stem of swap v. Compare German schwapp(s), Low German swaps int.

Now dialect (see Eng. Dial. Dict.)

At a blow; with sudden violence; suddenly and forcibly.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > untimeliness > [adverb] > suddenly

in a widden-dreamOE

a sursaut1338

at a wapa1400

in a swing1487

on or upon a (or the) sudden1558

at a (orthe) sudden1562

in a sudden1562

of a sudden1570

short1579

overshort1587

on the starta1616

slap1672

swap1672

bob1673

souse1680

sharply1828

sharp1836

a-sudden1871

the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > [adverb] > and suddenly

swap1672

slam1726

smack1782

whack1812

wham1924

wham-bam1956

1672 Duke of Buckingham Rehearsal ii. iii. 16 His spirits exhale with the heat of his passion, and all that, and swop falls asleep.

1687 M. Prior & Earl of Halifax Hind & Panther Transvers'd 20 She's in the right on't; but mind now, she comes upon her swop!

1702 J. Tutchin Mouse grown Rat 4 I came upon him swop with Abundance of Confidence.

a1726 J. Vanbrugh Journey to London (1728) i. ii. 14 And straight upo' that, swap comes somewhat across my Forehead.

a1818 M. G. Lewis Jrnl. W. India Proprietor (1834) 297 The waves..hovering for a while over the ship, and then coming down upon us swop.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

n.c1384

v.a1375

adv.int.1672

单词	swap
释义	swapswopn. Brit. /swɒp/, U.S. /swɑp/ Forms: Also Middle English–1600s swappe, Middle English swape, ( sqwappe, squappe), 1700s south-western dialect zwap, zwop, 1800s swapp. Etymology: < swap v. The spelling swap for both is recommended. I. Senses relating to striking. 1. An act of ‘swapping’ or striking; a stroke, blow; †occasionally a kiss. Obsolete exc. dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impact > striking > [noun] > a stroke or blow dintc897 swengOE shutec1000 kill?c1225 swipc1275 stroke1297 dentc1325 touchc1325 knock1377 knalc1380 swapc1384 woundc1384 smitinga1398 lush?a1400 sowa1400 swaipa1400 wapc1400 smita1425 popc1425 rumbelowc1425 hitc1450 clope1481 rimmel1487 blow1488 dinga1500 quartera1500 ruska1500 tucka1500 recounterc1515 palta1522 nolpc1540 swoop1544 push1561 smot1566 veny1578 remnant1580 venue1591 cuff1610 poltc1610 dust1611 tank1686 devel1787 dunching1789 flack1823 swinge1823 looder1825 thrash1840 dolk1861 thresh1863 mace-blow1879 pulsation1891 nosebleeder1921 slosh1936 smackeroo1942 dab- the mind > emotion > love > kiss > [noun] kissc1000 bassc1450 baisier1477 swapa1566 buss1567 smouch1578 lip-lick1582 lip-clip1606 tuck1611 accolade1654 poguec1670 osculum1706 slobber1884 banger1898 snog1959 α. c1384 G. Chaucer Hous of Fame (Fairf.) ii. 35 With hys grym pawes stronge,..Me fleynge in a swappe [Bodl. MS. yn a swape, Caxton at a swap] he hente. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 222 Fendez ful blake Weued at þe fyrst swap as þe snaw þikke. c1400 Anturs of Arth. (Douce) xlii Withe a swap [v.r. sqwappe] of a swerde þat swaþel him swykes. c1440 J. Capgrave Life St. Katherine iii. 313 The gate shal open lightly at a swap. c1440 York Myst. xxxiii. 362 Swete may þis swayne for sweght of our swappes! 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 842/2 Swappe for Swappe, coup pour coup. 1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus i. f. 15 Halfe oure tyme..is at one swappe quite taken awaye. a1556 N. Udall Ralph Roister Doister (?1566) iv. iv. sig. G.j I with my newe broome will sweepe hym one swappe. a1566 R. Edwards Damon & Pithias (1571) sig. Fiij^v If ich could not steale one swap at their lippes. a1627 J. Fletcher & T. Middleton Nice Valour iii. ii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Uuu2^v/1 There's no new fashion'd swappe that ere came up yet, But I've the first on 'em. 1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot i. viii. 30 The Usher gives him a shrewd swap on the very end of the elbow. 1818 J. Hogg Brownie of Bodsbeck I. 135 Whan a thing comes on ye that gate, that's a dadd... Then a paik, that's a swapp or a skelp like. 1822 J. Hogg Three Perils of Man II. xix. 243 Pell-mell, swap for swap, was a' that they countit on. β. 1746 Exmoor Scolding (ed. 3) i. 7 Gi' me a Zwop?—Ad! chell gi' tha a Wherret, or a Zlat in the Chups.1863 W. Barnes Gram. & Gloss. Dorset Dial. Swop, a strong whop. II. Senses relating to exchanging. 2. a. An act, or the action, of ‘swapping’ or exchanging; (an) exchange. slang or colloquial. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > barter > [noun] formanginga1300 nifferc1400 barteringc1440 roring1440 commutation1496 scorsing1509 chopping and changing1548 exchange1553 truck1553 block1568 bartery1570 chopping1581 scorse1590 barter1592 trucking1594 swap1625 truckage1641 truck trade1740 handling1850 society > trade and finance > barter > [noun] > a barter swap1625 chopa1670 the world > time > change > exchange > [noun] > instance of achange1530 chopping and changing1548 swap1625 shuffle1641 general post1879 musical chairs1958 α. 1625 S. Purchas Pilgrimes I. iv. iv. §2. 418 They..will either beg them, or make a swap with you in priuate. 1711 N. Blundell Diary (1895) 90 I proposed a Swap with Samw. Edw. between my Button and his Gray Galloway. 1786 R. Burns Poems 201 We'se..hae a swap o' rhymin-ware, Wi' ane anither. 1798 T. Morton Speed the Plough (1800) i. i. 7 Drabbit it, only to think of the zwaps and changes of this world! 1805 C. James New Mil. Dict. (ed. 2) (at cited word) A writership or a military appointment given for a seat in parliament may be called a swap. 1822 W. Cobbett Rural Rides in Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 14 Dec. 679 Lord Castlereagh..was accused of making a swap, as the horse-jockeys call it, of a writer-ship against a seat. 1888 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Robbery under Arms viii A big, brown, resolute, well-bred horse he had got in a swap because the man that had him was afraid of him. β. 1682 Heraclitus Ridens 13 June 1/2 They'd almost threaten to flee the Land and put themselves under the protection of the French King... And a fair swop, cry I.1702 E. Baynard Cold Baths (1706) ii. 172 It cur'd her Ague, but made a worse swop; for she was..seiz'd with Epileptick Fits.1715 J. Addison Spectator No. 559. ¶6 These [two Gentlemen] had made a foolish Swop between a Couple of thick bandy Legs, and two long Trapsticks that had no Calfs to them.1851 H. Mayhew London Labour I. 370/1 The glass wares are so very rarely sold... ‘Swop, sir,’ I was told repeatedly, ‘they all goes in swop.’1882 G. A. Sala Amer. Revisited (1885) 365 [Railway] tickets are..the object of..barter, ‘swop’ and ‘trade’ generally.1884 Manch. Examiner 6 Dec. 5/5 It is probable that Mr. Master will find little to complain of in the swop he has effected. †b. ? An allowance made in exchanging. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > discount > [noun] > discount in exchanging swap1595 alloy1598 1595 Compt Bk. D. Wedderburne (S.H.S.) 31 Item xs. for the swap to be allowit in the Witsonday termes meill nixt. c. slang. to get (or have) the swap: to be dismissed from employment. (Cf. swap v. 8a.) ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > lack of work > [verb (intransitive)] > dismiss or discharge > be dismissed or discharged to get the bag1804 to get the sack1825 swap1862 to get the boot1888 to take a walk1888 to get the run1889 to get (or have) the swap1890 to get the (big) bird1924 to get one's jotters1944 1890 A. Barrère & C. G. Leland Dict. Slang at Swop 1905 H. G. Wells Kipps i. v. §3 Every time I've had the swap I've never believed I should get another Crib. 3. Finance. In foreign exchange operations: an exchange of an amount of money at different rates (i.e. a ‘spot’ sale for a ‘forward’ purchase). More generally, an arrangement between the central banks of two countries for stand-by credit to facilitate the exchange of each other's currency. Chiefly attributive. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > types of money-dealing > [noun] > money-changing > types of rechange1487 foreign exchange1623 outchange1695 forex1947 swapping1957 swap1963 1963 Economist 14 Dec. 70/1 A permanent system of automatic swap-lines as opposed to the existing three-monthly swaps is favoured together with easier facilities for medium term credit. 1968 Times 9 Sept. 1/2 Swap arrangements. The 12 members of the Basle central bankers' club have made reciprocal arrangements to make short-term loans to each other in the event of any currency coming under severe pressure. 1970 Sloan & Zurcher Dict. Econ. (ed. 5) 425 Swap credits are used especially in periods of emergency when a particular country's currency..comes under pressure because speculators are selling it on the world markets. 1975 Financial Times 29 Oct. 7/1 A classic swap is a transaction in which a spot purchase of a given currency, is covered by a forward sale of the same amount. 1979 Bank of England Q. Bull. June 131 The Federal Reserve and the US Treasury again repaid some swap debt to other central banks. Compounds Special combinations. swap fund n. U.S. Stock Market a fund which investors enter by exchanging securities directly for shares in the fund, obtaining a diversified portfolio without selling stock, and thereby avoiding liability for capital gains tax on the sale of these securities. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > stocks and shares > stocks, shares, or bonds > [noun] > other investment funds investment fund1784 investment vehicle1920 I.R.A.1921 no-load1963 hedge fund1966 swap fund1966 offshore fund1969 roll-up fund1983 tokkin1985 PEP1986 rolled-up1987 1966 Economist 23 July 380/1 The Revenue Service..will no longer permit investors to defer capital gains tax on the appreciation of stocks exchanged for shares of the special swap funds. swap meet n. chiefly U.S. a gathering at which enthusiasts discuss, exchange, or trade items of common interest. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > barter > [noun] > swap shop or meet swap meet1973 swap shop1976 1973 Daily Tel. 25 Aug. 16/1 A market has been established in them [sc. bottles] and regular ‘swop-meets’ are arranged so that enthusiasts can buy and sell among themselves. 1976 Billings (Montana) Gaz. 11 July 3- b/1 The swap meet has become an annual event that attracts visitors from Canada and other states to exchange information about antique cars and parts, he said. swap shop n. an agency for putting people with articles to exchange or trade in touch with one another; also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > barter > [noun] > swap shop or meet swap meet1973 swap shop1976 1976 Milton Keynes Express 18 June 27/6 (advt.) Dishot Swop Shop. 1976 Sunday Post (Glasgow) 26 Dec. Just before half-time some fans not involved in the beer can ‘swop-shop’ took refuge on the park. 1977 Skateboard Special Sept. 2/1 If you want to take up our super Swap-Shop offer now's your chance. 1979 Guardian 5 July 4/4 Instead of handing down golden tablets..the Schools Council will become more of a swap shop for ideas. Draft additions March 2013 Finance. Any of various types of derivative in which two parties agree to exchange one stream of cash flows for another, for example by paying each other interest on a certain (notional) principle at a fixed versus a variable rate, for a specified period of time. Frequently with modifying word or phrase indicating the type of financial instrument involved.Used earlier with reference to foreign exchange transactions: see sense 3.credit default swap: see the first element. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > stocks and shares > [noun] > specific operations or arrangements intromission1567 hedginga1631 retiring1681 partnership1704 put1718 time bargain1720 bargain for time1721 option1746 call1825 put and call1826 cornering1841 corner1853 raid1866 pooling1871 squeeze1872 call option1874 recapitalization1874 short squeeze1877 split-up1878 margin call1888 pyramid1888 profit taking1891 pyramiding1895 underwriting1895 melon-cutting1900 round turn1901 market-making1902 put-through1902 put and take1921 round trip1922 put and take1929 leverage1931 split-down1932 switching1932 give-up1934 mark to market1938 recap1940 rollover1947 downtick1954 stock split1955 traded option1955 leg1959 stock splitting1959 rollover1961 split1972 spread betting1972 unitization1974 marking-to-market1981 swap1982 telebroking1984 1982 United Press Internat. Newswire (Nexis) 7 July In what is believed to be the first fixed-for-floating rate interest swap by a major U.S. corporation, Amfac, Inc. Wednesday completed a $50 million financial transaction with a syndicate of Canadian and European banks. 1989 Economist 8 Apr. 38/3 The shock passed, but it has now been revived by doubts about the legality of councils' interest-rate swaps and swap options. 1993 Computing 2 Sept. 7/1 Derivatives are financial products based on the movements of shares, bonds, currencies and commodities, including futures, options and swaps. 1994 F. Allen & D. Gale Financial Innovation & Risk Sharing ii. 26 As yet, the commodity swap market is small relative to the currency and interest rate swap markets. 2000 N.Y. Times Bk. Rev. 24 Sept. 13/3 [The firm] used derivative securities called equity swaps to make those trades without putting up any significant cash. 2009 Vanity Fair Aug. 145/2 Meyer and his team of portfolio managers moved Harvard's money into all sorts of things: private equity, real estate,..foreign equities, credit-default swaps, interest-rate swaps, cross-currency swaps, commodities, [etc.]. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online June 2022). swapswopv. Brit. /swɒp/, U.S. /swɑp/ Forms: α. Middle English– swap, Middle English–1600s swappe, (Middle English squappe, swape), 1500s–1600s swapp, 1600s swab; past tense Middle English–1500s swapte, Middle English swappede, (Middle English sqwapputte); past tense and participle Middle English– swapped, swapt; Scottish and northernMiddle English swappyt, Middle English–1500s swappit, 1500s swapit, ( suapit). β. Middle English–1500s swope, 1600s– swop; past tense and participle 1600s– swopped, swopt. Etymology: probably of echoic origin, signifying a smart resounding blow (compare swap adv.). So German dialect schwappe resounding box on the ear, schwappen to make a clapping or splashing noise, to strike with a resounding blow. The development of the sense of concluding a bargain from that of striking is paralleled in various uses of strike; compare also Latin foedus ferire. I. Senses relating to striking. †1. a. transitive. To strike, hit, smite (occasionally used of kissing). Also figurative. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impact > striking > strike [verb (transitive)] swingc725 slayc825 knockc1000 platOE swengea1225 swipa1225 kill?c1225 girdc1275 hitc1275 befta1300 anhitc1300 frapa1330 lushc1330 reddec1330 takec1330 popc1390 swapa1400 jod?14.. quella1425 suffetc1440 smith1451 nolpc1540 bedunch1567 percuss1575 noba1586 affrap1590 cuff?1611 doda1661 buffa1796 pug1802 nob1811 scud1814 bunt1825 belt1838 duntle1850 punt1886 plunk1888 potch1892 to stick one on1910 clunk1943 zonk1950 the mind > emotion > love > kiss > [verb (transitive)] kissc900 reachOE bassc1500 to lay on the lips1530 bussa1566 swap1577 smouch1588 lip1605 bause1607 suaviate1650 to pree a person's mouth1724 accolade1843 to give (someone) onec1882 to give (a person) some sugar1921 steups1967 a1400 Leg. Rood (1871) 142 A swerd swapped hire þorw þe brest. c1400 Anturs of Arth. (Douce) xl He swapped [v.r. sqwapputte] him yne at þe swyre, with a swerde kene. c1440 York Myst. xxx. 286 A sweuene þat swiftely hir swapped, Of one Jesu þe juste man. a1535 T. More Dialoge of Comfort (1553) iii. xxiiii. sig. U.ii^v They that lye in a pleuresie thinke at euerye time that they coughe, they fele a sharpe sword swappe them to the hearte. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1271 With a swinge of his sworde [he] swappit hym in þe fase. 1558 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Seuen First Bks. Eneidos vi. R j b Anon the giltie soules..Tisiphonee doth take, and scourging them she swappes with whippes. 1577 N. Breton Floorish vpon Fancie sig. Bij To..swap ech slut, vpon the lippes, that in the darke hee meetes. b. To strike or smite off, in two, etc.; to cut or chop off or asunder at one blow; to drive out, etc. by striking. Obsolete exc. archaic. Also †to swap to (the) death, of live, to kill at a blow. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impelling or driving > impel or drive [verb (transitive)] > by impact or force > by striking or beating smitec1330 swapa1375 inbeatc1420 possa1425 rushc1440 strike1450 ram1519 pash1530 thwack1566 whip1567 thump1596 lash1597 knocka1616 switcha1625 to knock down1653 to knock in1669 stave1837 whip1868 slog1884 to beat down- the world > life > death > killing > killing by specific method > kill [verb (transitive)] > by blow(s) to beat (also stone, slay, etc.) to deathOE to swap to (the) death, of livea1375 to ding to deathc1380 to knock on (in) the head (also rarely at head)?1562 settle?1611 to bowl (one) to deatha1616 tomahawk1711 stocking1762 out1899 to knock out1903 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > separation or detachment > detach [verb (transitive)] > with violence > strike off off-smitec1275 strikec1320 ofgreetc1330 swapa1375 strikec1386 a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 3609 To haue with his swerd swapped of his heade. c1386 G. Chaucer Second Nun's Tale 247 Who so wol nat sacrifise Swape [v.rr. swap, swappe] of his heed. a1400–50 Wars Alex. (Ashm.) 957 He swyngis out with a swerd & swappis him to dethe. c1400 Anturs of Arth. (Taylor) xl Syxti maylis and moe, The squrd squappes [Douce. swapt] in toe. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xvii. 691 The gynour than gert bend in hy The gyne, and swappit [1489 Adv. wappyt] out the stane. ?a1500 Chester Pl. xiv. 389 The Devill Swapp [MS. W. 1592 swope] of my Swyre, if I do it without hyre. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 6699 With a swyng of his sword [he] swappit hym of lyue. 1581 A. Hall tr. Homer 10 Bks. Iliades x. 186 The king for thirtenth Diomede out life to death doth swap. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis iii. 64 Feare thear vs enforced..Too swap of oure cables. 1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne xx. xxxiii. 370 And then Alarcos head she swapt off cleene. 1888 C. M. Doughty Trav. Arabia Deserta II. 17 Drawing his sword, he..swapt off at once the miserable man's head. c. To cut or reap (corn or other crops) close to the ground with a ‘swap-hook’ (see Compounds). dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > harvesting > harvest (a crop) [verb (transitive)] > reap or mow a crop > reap with swap-hook swap1853 1853 W. D. Cooper Gloss. Provincialisms Sussex (ed. 2) 80 Swap,..to cut wheat in a peculiar way, more like chopping than reaping. 1861 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 22 ii. 378 Both crops were ‘swapped’, or cut close to the ground. 1903 Sat. Rev. 8 Aug. 168/2 It is time..to go swapping the laid piece down by Kixes Wood. 2. intransitive. To strike, smite, deal a blow or blows. Now rare or Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impact > striking > strike or deliver blows [verb (intransitive)] slay971 smitelOE flatc1330 flap1362 acoupc1380 frapa1400 girda1400 hit?a1400 knocka1400 swap?a1400 wapa1400 castc1400 strike1509 befta1522 to throw about one1590 cuff1596 to let down1640 dunch1805 yark1818 bunt1867 ?a1400 Morte Arth. 1129 He..Swappez in with the swerde Þat it þe swange brystedde. ?a1400 Morte Arth. 1795 He spede hym fulle ȝerne, Swappede owtte with a swerde. c1400 Song Roland 747 He drawithe out his swerd, and swappithe hym about. 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) I. 206 Tha swapit ouir quhill all the swyir did swydder. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 5936 He swappit at hym swithe with a swerd felle. c1560 Hunting Cheviot in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1889) III. vi. 309 The swapte togethar tylle the both swat, With swordes that wear of fyn myllan. 1827 W. Tennant Papistry Storm'd 63 Wi' angry bill, and will theretill, They wapp't and swapp't, and flapp't and slapp't. 3. transitive. To move (something) quickly or briskly, esp. so as to impinge upon something else; to fling, cast, throw (down, etc.) forcibly; to bang (a door) to; reflexive to sit down with force, plump oneself down. Obsolete exc. dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > throw [verb (transitive)] > so as to impinge on something > forcibly swapc1374 pashc1390 swackc1425 smashc1800 the world > space > relative position > posture > action or fact of sitting > sit down [verb (reflexive)] siteOE seta1300 to sit downa1393 to set downa1400 seat1589 swapa1592 bench1608 pitch1844 c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iv. 245 His hed to þe wal, his body to þe grounde Ful ofte he swapte. a1400 Sir Beues (A.) 1899 Beues is swerd anon vp swapte. c1440 Gesta Romanorum (Harl.) i. 3 He swapte his hed vndir þe watir. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) x. 623 Ȝeit ves thar ane Of thame that swappit doun a stane. a1550 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Wemyss) cxlv. l. 2022 He swappit egirly þe blude Rycht in till William Wallace face. a1592 R. Greene Frier Bacon (1594) sig. A4^v Sheele swap thee into hir plackerd. 1592 G. Babington Certaine Comfortable Notes Genesis (xviii.) f. 71^v We swap vs downe in our places most vnreuerently. 1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. P4 He runs and swaps the doore too. 1642 Life Hen. II in Harl. Misc. (Malh.) V. 235 Because the legate was not to remove, and the archbishop would not remove, therefore he most unmannerly swopped him down on the Archbishop of Canterbury's lap. 1794 J. Wolcot Frogs & Jupiter in Wks. (1812) III. 259 Down he swopp'd A monstrous Piece of Wood. 1825 E. Mackenzie Hist. View Northumberland I. 149 (note) To swap the door..is as much as to say, shut it violently. 1846 W. E. Forster in T. W. Reid Life W. E. Forster (1888) I. vi. 186 Only think of poor self swapped down in the midst of forty Quakeresses. 4. a. intransitive. To move with haste or violence, esp. so as to strike or impinge upon something; to fall down suddenly or with a ‘flop’; to sink into a swoon; to come hastily or forcibly, fling oneself into a place, etc. Now rare or Obsolete.The instance of swapte in the later text of Layamon 26775 (Beofs to him swapte [earlier text him biarnde] and mid harmes hine biclupte) is probably an error for swipte (see swip v.), a frequent form in Layamon. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > unconsciousness > lose consciousness [verb (intransitive)] > faint or swoon swotherc1000 swowa1250 swoonc1290 sweltc1330 trance1340 to fall on, in swowa1375 swapc1386 sound1393 dwelea1400 swaya1400 faintc1440 owmawt1440 swalmc1440 sweamc1440 syncopize1490 dwalm?a1513 swarf1513 swound1530 cothe1567 sweb1599 to go away1655 to die away1707 go1768 sink1769 sile1790 to pass out1915 to black out1935 the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > swift movement in specific manner > move swiftly in specific manner [verb (intransitive)] > move swiftly and violently driveeOE fallOE reseOE routOE rashOE swip?c1225 weothec1275 startlec1300 lushc1330 swapc1386 brusha1400 spurna1400 buschc1400 frushc1400 rushc1405 rushle1553 rouse1582 hurl1609 powder1632 slash1689 stave1819 tilt1831 bulge1834 smash1835 storm1837 stream1847 ripsnort1932 slam1973 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > falling > fall [verb (intransitive)] > with force or violence dump1333 swapc1386 to shove downc1400 squat1587 to go down1697 spank1800 thwacka1851 to beat down1860 c1386 G. Chaucer Clerk's Tale 1099 Al sodeynly she swapte [v.r. swapped] adoun to grounde. a1400 Minor Poems Vernon MS. (1901) 621 Heo swapte on swownyng. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xvii. 683 The stane smertly swappit [1489 Adv. swappyt] out. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) vii. l. 349 As bestly folk [thai] tuk off thaim selff no keip..Throuch full gluttre in swarff swappyt lik swyn. 1559 D. Lindsay Test. Papyngo l. 184 in Wks. (1931) I Scho..flatlyngis fell, and swappit in to swoun. 1592 W. Wyrley Capitall de Buz in True Vse Armorie 113 With chilling fear, the Ladies swapped downe, In deadly sownd. 1600 R. Surflet tr. C. Estienne & J. Liébault Maison Rustique i. xv. 93 The kite,..which sometimes will not let to swap into the very broodehouse to..carrie away the chickens. c1700 W. Kennett MS Lansdowne 1033 To swapp or swoop at, catch hastily as a kite is said to swapp at chickens. 1729 C. Cibber Vanbrugh's Provok'd Husband (new ed.) v. iii. 89 So in swops me, with my Hoop stuff'd up to my Forehead! 1770 S. Foote Lame Lover ii. 48 There he swops with both his knees on the ground. b. To flap or beat up and down: also with it. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in specific manner > alternating or reciprocating motion > move to and fro or up and down [verb (intransitive)] > flap or beat up and down fanc1400 swapa1529 wavea1530 flap1692 winnow1852 flail1874 flip-flop1924 the world > movement > motion in specific manner > irregular movement or agitation > move irregularly or be agitated [verb (intransitive)] > flap loosely wapc1400 flaffa1522 flap1529 flip-flap1599 flop1602 flasker1689 wamfle1808 wallop1822 flacket1823 flapper1835 swap1884 slat1889 faffle1951 a1529 J. Skelton Magnyfycence (?1530) sig. Cii Thy slyppers they swap it, yet y^u fotys it lyke a swanne. 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) III. 561 Vpoun ane suey ay swappand vp and doun. 1884 ‘M. Twain’ Adventures Huckleberry Finn viii. 61 There was freckled places on the ground where the light sifted down through the leaves, and the freckled places swapped about a little, showing there was a little breeze up there. c. transitive. To pounce upon, seize. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > descend [verb (transitive)] > swoop down upon swoop1638 pounce1648 swapa1712 swoop1797 to pounce on (or upon)1812 a1712 W. King Eagle & Robin 137 They'll swop our chicken from the door. 1821 J. Clare Village Minstrel I. 18 Chick, and duck, and gosling gone astray; All falling prizes to the swopping kite. †5. transitive. To drink off quickly, toss off; to eat up, devour. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > [verb (transitive)] > drink up or off swap?1507 swingea1529 drink1535 uphalec1540 toss1568 trill off?1589 snapa1592 to toss offa1592 to turn down1593 to top off1598 drain1604 to take off1613 outdrinka1631 whip1639 swoop1648 epote1657 to fetch off1657 ebibe1689 fetch1691 to tip off1699 to sweep off1707 tip1784 to turn over1796 ?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 47 Thai swapit of [a1586 swappit at] the sueit wyne. 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 21 At a blow hee lustelye swapping, Thee wyne..swild vp to the bottom. 1592 T. Nashe Strange Newes in Wks. (1904) I. 258 That thou mightst swappe off a hartie draught to the success of this voiage. 1593 G. Harvey Pierces Supererogation 147 [Thou] hast swapped-downe a pounde of Butter at a peece of a Breakefast. ?1609 J. Healey tr. Bp. J. Hall Discouery New World i. 1 Where that huge..Birde called Rvc, snatcheth vp..a whole Elephant at a stoope, and swappes him vp at a bit. II. Senses relating to bargain or exchange. †6. a. absol. or intransitive apparently To ‘strike hands’ in token of an agreement or bargain. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > bargaining > bargain [verb (intransitive)] > make a bargain to make (a or one's) merchandise?a1300 swapc1400 cope1575 to strike (up obs.) a bargain1607 the mind > language > speech > agreement > make an agreement [verb (intransitive)] > in a specific way swapc1400 to strike handsc1440 clapa1593 c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1108 Swete, swap we so—sware with trawþe. †b. transitive. To strike (a bargain). Also with up. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > bargaining > bargain over [verb (transitive)] > strike (a bargain) swap1590 strike1766 the mind > language > speech > agreement > make an agreement with [verb (transitive)] > make conclude or seal (an agreement) binda1300 smitec1330 takec1330 ratify1357 knitc1400 enter1418 obligea1522 agree1523 conclude1523 strike1544 swap1590 celebrate1592 rate?1611 to strike up1646 form1736 firm1970 1590 T. Lodge Rosalynde (1592) F ij Aliena..swapt a bargaine with his Landslord. 1592 R. Greene Blacke Bookes Messenger sig. B4^v Wee like two good Horse-corsers, made a choppe and change, and swapt vp a Rogish bargaine, and so he maried my wife and I his. 1650 J. Reynolds Flower of Fidelitie 147 They forth with swapt a bargain. a1713 A. Pitcairne Assembly (1766) iv. i. 41 I must know what you can do, ere I swap a bargain. 7. a. To give or dispose of in exchange for something else; to exchange (a thing) with another person. Also, to give (something) to (a person) by way of exchange; to swap horses in midstream: see to swap horses in midstream at horse n. 18. Chiefly, now only, slang or colloquial.Probably originally a horsedealer's term: cf. 1592 at sense 6b. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > barter > [verb (transitive)] interchangec1374 changea1382 barterc1440 corsec1440 rore1440 truckc1440 coss14.. scorse1509 chafferc1535 to chop and change1549 chop1554 cope1570 excourse1593 swap1594 coupc1610 exchange1614 to trade off1676 rap1699 dicker1864 horse-trade1924 α. 1594 J. Lyly Mother Bombie v. iii. sig. I2 Soft, Ile not swap my father for all this. 1600 J. Lyly Loves Metamorphosis i. ii Inconstancie is a vice, which I will not swap for all the vertues. 1647 J. Pawson On Detractors in J. Hall Poems sig. A8 Thy works purchase thee more Then they can swappe there Heritages for. 1679 London Gaz. No. 1423/4 He swapt a sorrel Stonehorse near Ripon about 14 or 15 hands high. 1708 N. Blundell Diary (1895) 61 He was about swaping his Running Hors with my Lord Mountg[arret]. 1798 J. Root Rep. Superior Court & Supreme Court of Errors 1 66 One Rose and Charles Knot..proposed to swap shoe buckles. 1823 T. Moore Mem. (1853) IV. 149 Find that the man with whom I wished to swap ponies requires five pounds with mine. 1825 J. Neal Brother Jonathan I. 154 He will ‘swap’ anything with you. 1843 W. Carleton Traits & Stories Irish Peasantry (new ed.) I. 263 I offer up a pater and ave for you, and you again for me. It is called swapping or exchanging prayers. 1861 W. M. Thackeray Four Georges i. 10 [He] swapped a battalion against a dancing-girl's diamond necklace. 1864 A. Lincoln in E. R. Jones Lincoln, etc. (1876) 59 I am reminded..of a story of an old Dutch farmer, who remarked..‘that it was not best to swap horses when crossing a stream.’ 1888 E. Eggleston Graysons x. 109 Farmers frequented the town, to meet old friends and get the better of them in swapping horses. 1891 Boston (Mass.) Jrnl. 12 Sept. 5/1 As they sat in the tavern, swapping stories. 1934 D. Hammett Thin Man iii. 14 Right now I'd swap you all the interviews with Mayor-elect O'Brien ever printed..for a slug of whis——. 1940 W. Faulkner Hamlet i. ii. 38 The team Stamper had swapped him stopped now with their heads down. 1948 W. Faulkner Intruder in Dust (1949) ix. 192 I swapped Crawford Gowrie a German pistol. β. 1624 F. Quarles Iob Militant i There dwelt a man brought from his linniage That for his belly swopt his heritage.a1658 J. Cleveland To T. C. in Poems 45 For to make Mummie of her Grease, Or swop her to the Paper Mill.1660 Col. J. Okie's Lament. (single sheet) My Horses swopt for light Nags.1764 H. Walpole Let. to H. Mann 27 July I believe my Lady Temple would..be heartily glad to swop situations with you.1800 M. Edgeworth Castle Rackrent Gloss. p. xxxviii He makes me an offer to swop his mare that he couldn't sell at the fair of Gurtishannon.1823 W. Scott St. Ronan's Well II. v. 116 The new-fashioned finery which she swopt her character for.1861 O. W. Holmes Elsie Venner vii. 74 I wish our little man and him would swop pulpits.1882 M. E. Braddon Mt. Royal II. iv. 66 He bought and sold and swopped horses.1890 G. J. Younghusband Polo in India iii. 42 Jones's Rs. 500 pony had been swopped for a worthless mare. b. with adverbs away, off. ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > exchange > exchange, change for [verb (transitive)] changec1225 truck?c1225 interchangec1374 permutec1400 wrixlec1400 turnc1449 wissel1487 chaffer1530 niffer1540 bandy1589 to chaffer words1590 swap1590 barter1596 counterchange1598 commute1633 trade1636 countercambiate1656 ring1786 rebarter1845 trade1864 swop1890 permutate1898 interconvert1953 society > trade and finance > barter > [verb (transitive)] > dispose of by barter exchange1483 chaffer1530 to chop away1554 swap1590 truck1686 to barter away1690 1590 R. Harvey Plaine Percevall sig. B He..swapt away his siluer for Copper retaile. 1683 T. Tryon Way to Health 500 They swap us away for a little Money to the Butcher. 1708 London Gaz. No. 4404/3 He rode a stout black Mare the Day before taken, which he swop'd away. 1841 J. T. J. Hewlett Parish Clerk I. 204 Two cover-hacks..were exchanged, or rather, in stable phrase, swapped away. 1862 J. R. Lowell Biglow Papers 2nd Ser. ii. i. 67 Swappin' silver off for lead ain't the sure way to win. 1866 J. G. Whittier My Summer with Dr. Singletary vi I've noticed that your college chaps swop away their common sense for their larning. 1907 K. D. Wiggin New Chron. Rebecca viii. 230 He breaks all the young colts and trains them, and swaps off the poor ones. c. absol. To exchange, make an exchange. Also with indirect object, to make an exchange of some specified item with (someone). colloquial. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > barter > [verb (intransitive)] chopc1485 to chop and changec1485 barterc1503 truck1588 scorse1589 rap1699 swap1778 dicker1797 handel1850 the world > time > change > exchange > [verb (intransitive)] changea1387 to chop and change?1541 swap1809 trade1949 1778 F. Burney Evelina III. xxi. 252 Doff your coat and waistcoat, and swop with Monsieur Grinagain here. 1809 E. A. Kendall Trav. Northern Parts U.S. III. lxix. 87 To buy, to sell, to exchange, or, as they term it, to swap, are the pursuits in which they wish to be constantly engaged. 1857 T. Hughes Tom Brown's School Days i. ix. 216 I know something of him at home, and should like to excuse him—will you swop? 1885 J. K. Jerome On Stage 153 If any gentleman has more friends of that kind than he wants, and would care to have a few of the opposite stamp, I am quite ready to swop with him. 1976 Evening Chron. (Newcastle) 26 Nov. As Coun. Collins says this council work will suit a pensioner, if he will answer this letter and tell me how many council meetings he has in a week, I will swap him. 8. transferred in various slang uses. a. To dismiss or be dismissed from employment. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > lack of work > [verb (transitive)] > dismiss or discharge to put awaya1387 discharge1428 dismiss1477 to put out of wages1542 discard1589 to turn away1602 to put off1608 disemploy1619 to pay off1648 to pay off1651 to turn out1667 to turn off1676 quietus1688 strip1756 trundle1794 unshop1839 shopc1840 to lay off1841 sack1841 drop1845 to give (a person) the shoot1846 bag1848 swap1862 fire1879 to knock off1881 bounce1884 to give (a person) the pushc1886 to give (a person) the boot or the order of the boot1888 bump1899 spear1911 to strike (a medical practitioner, etc.) off the register1911 terminate1920 tramp1941 shitcan1961 pink slip1966 dehire1970 resize1975 to give a person his jotters1990 society > occupation and work > lack of work > [verb (intransitive)] > dismiss or discharge > be dismissed or discharged to get the bag1804 to get the sack1825 swap1862 to get the boot1888 to take a walk1888 to get the run1889 to get (or have) the swap1890 to get the (big) bird1924 to get one's jotters1944 1862 Macmillan's Mag. Nov. 34 The assistant [in a linen-draper's]..‘swops’ or is ‘swopped’, or gets or gives ‘the sack’. 1905 H. G. Wells Kipps i. v. (heading) ‘Swapped!’ [= dismissed]. b. To cheat, take in. ΚΠ 1880 J. C. Harris Uncle Remus: Songs & Sayings iv Den Brer Fox know dat he bin swop off mighty bad. c. To change one's clothes. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > changing clothing > change clothing [verb (intransitive)] changea1470 shift1608 undress1769 swap1904 1904 D. B. W. Sladen Playing the Game ii. xiv My man can bring my dress things later, if you'll give me a room to swop in. Compounds swap-hook n. dialect a kind of reaping-hook for cutting crops close to the ground (see 1c). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > harvesting equipment > [noun] > reaping tools > sickle > types of staff-hook?1523 pease-hook1545 brush-scythe1573 grass hook1665 swipe1742 twibill1763 pea-hook1840 swap-hook1863 1863 Standard 10 Sept. (Sussex provincialism) Swap-hook. 1875 W. D. Parish Dict. Sussex Dial. Swap, to reap corn and beans. Swap-hook, the implement used for swapping. 1883 R. Jefferies Life of Fields (1884) 84 [In Sussex] They call their reaphooks swaphooks or swophooks. † swap-tail adj. Obsolete that strikes with its tail. ΚΠ 1681 N. Grew Musæum Regalis Societatis i. ii. iii. 46 The Swaptail Lizard. Uromastix vel Caudiverbera. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online June 2022). swapswopadv.int. Etymology: The stem of swap v. Compare German schwapp(s), Low German swaps int. Now dialect (see Eng. Dial. Dict.) At a blow; with sudden violence; suddenly and forcibly. ΘΚΠ the world > time > a suitable time or opportunity > untimeliness > [adverb] > suddenly in a widden-dreamOE a sursaut1338 at a wapa1400 in a swing1487 on or upon a (or the) sudden1558 at a (orthe) sudden1562 in a sudden1562 of a sudden1570 short1579 overshort1587 on the starta1616 slap1672 swap1672 bob1673 souse1680 sharply1828 sharp1836 a-sudden1871 the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > [adverb] > and suddenly swap1672 slam1726 smack1782 whack1812 wham1924 wham-bam1956 1672 Duke of Buckingham Rehearsal ii. iii. 16 His spirits exhale with the heat of his passion, and all that, and swop falls asleep. 1687 M. Prior & Earl of Halifax Hind & Panther Transvers'd 20 She's in the right on't; but mind now, she comes upon her swop! 1702 J. Tutchin Mouse grown Rat 4 I came upon him swop with Abundance of Confidence. a1726 J. Vanbrugh Journey to London (1728) i. ii. 14 And straight upo' that, swap comes somewhat across my Forehead. a1818 M. G. Lewis Jrnl. W. India Proprietor (1834) 297 The waves..hovering for a while over the ship, and then coming down upon us swop. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.c1384v.a1375adv.int.1672
随便看	to breathe life into to breathe new life into to breathe one's last to breathe one's last breath to breathe one's last gasp to breathe out to breathe out one's etc to breathe out one's life to breathe out one's soul to breathe out one's spirit to breathe short to breathe something into life to breathe through to breathe upon to breech it to breed a person low to breed in and in to breed low to breed out to breed out and out to breed true to breed up to breeze in to breeze up to breve for