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单词 sustentation
释义

sustentationn.

Brit. /ˌsʌstɛnˈteɪʃn/, /ˌsʌst(ə)nˈteɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌsəst(ə)nˈteɪʃ(ə)n/
Forms: Middle English sustentacioun, Middle English sustentacon, Middle English sustentacone, Middle English–1500s sustentacione, Middle English–1500s sustentacyon, Middle English–1600s sustentacion, Middle English– sustentation, late Middle English substentacion, 1500s sustencyon (transmission error), 1500s sustentatyon; Scottish pre-1700 sustentacion, pre-1700 sustentacione, pre-1700 sustentacioun, pre-1700 sustentacioune, pre-1700 sustentatione, pre-1700 sustentatioun, pre-1700 sustentatioune, pre-1700 sustentatyown, pre-1700 1700s– sustentation, 1800s– sistentation.
Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French sustentation; Latin sustentātiōn-, sustentātiō.
Etymology: < (i) Anglo-Norman and Middle French sustentacion, sustentation, Middle French substentacion, substentation (French sustentation ) act of feeding, of maintaining (a living being), of keeping alive (1236 in Old French as sustentasion ), nourishment (1st half of the 14th cent.), maintenance of an object in a particular state, upkeep (c1370), support for a person or cause (1417–20), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin sustentātiōn-, sustentātiō provision (of a person) with aid, means of subsistence, deferment, delay, in post-classical Latin also endurance, forbearance (Vetus Latina), support, restraint (4th cent.) < sustentāt- , past participial stem of sustentāre sustentate v. + -iō -ion suffix1. Compare Old Occitan sustentacio , Catalan sustentació (14th cent.), Spanish sustentacion (late 14th cent.), Portuguese sustentação (13th cent.), Italian sostentazione (1353). Compare sustenance n.In sense 1 translating post-classical Latin sustentatio (Vulgate; corresponding to Hellenistic Greek ἀνοχή).
I. Senses relating to patience or the enduring of difficulties.
1. Patience, forbearance. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > calmness > patience > [noun] > forbearance or tolerance
mercya1225
tholea1325
patiencyc1350
patiencea1382
abidingc1384
sustentationc1384
tack1412
tolerancya1556
digesture1567
toleration1582
acceptance1586
forbearance1599
brooking1624
digestion1653
tolerance1765
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Rom. iii. 26 In the sustentacioun, or beringe vp [L. sustentatione], of God.
2.
a. The action of bearing or enduring an affliction, tribulation, etc. Also: †something which is to be endured; a tribulation (obsolete). Cf. sustenance n. 8. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > calmness > patience > [noun]
thildc950
tholemodec1000
tholemodenessc1000
tholeburdnessa1050
patience?c1225
sustenancea1425
sustentationa1425
supportationa1438
bearing1496
patientnessa1500
supporture1609
bearance1611
uncomplainingness1877
a1425 tr. Bk. Tribulation (Arun.) (1983) 140 Susteyne þe sustentacions [a1450 Bodl. sustenaunces] of God.
1607 J. Carpenter Plaine Mans Spirituall Plough 134 Patience,..a voluntarie and daily sustentation and tolleration.
1653 R. Baxter Right Method Settled Peace 244 Their [sc. martyrs'] sufferings and strange sustentations.
1829 Louisville Public Advertiser 22 Oct. There is a dignity in great sorrows which materially assists in their proper sustentation.
1898 F. R. Fowke Bayeux Tapestry 62 The tranquillity with which sheep browse upon the fortifications is incompatible with the sustentation of a siege.
2009 P. D. Flores in Stitching Paint into Collage 12 A contention that seeks adjudication not in the evasion of suffering, but in its sustentation in religion.
b. The bearing of a charge or cost. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > payment > [noun] > bearing of expenses or charges
supportation1437
support1449
sustentation1449
defrayment1547
defraying1587
defray?1615
defrayal1820
1449–50 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Nov. 1449 §53. m. 10 They were enfeffed by the most noble prynce..in pure and perpetuell almois, in sustentation of the grete importable charges of the seid church.
1553 in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1721) III. App. ii. 4 For sustentation of your charges in this behalf.
II. Senses relating to the maintenance of condition or state.
3.
a. The action of maintaining or keeping in existence or good order an institution, establishment, building, etc.; maintenance, upkeep; (also) an instance or example of this. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > change > absence of change, changelessness > maintaining state or condition > [noun] > of a building, institution, etc.
sustentation1389
1389 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 67 He schal payen, to the sustentacion of this gylde, v.s.
1430 in Rec. Parl. Scotl. to 1707 (2007) 1430/21 The landis..endlang the cost syde and inwart in the lande vj myle sal contribute to the reparatioun and sustentatioun of the said galais.
a1475 in A. Clark Eng. Reg. Godstow Nunnery (1905) i. 190 (MED) Which rent he assigned vnto the sustentacion of the kechyn of the forsaid mynchons.
1486 in H. Littlehales Medieval Rec. London City Church (1905) 16 Than I bequethe all..to the vse and sustentacion of london Brigge.
1557 in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. v. 386 The maynteyninge and sustentacion of the same housse and Colladge.
1627 R. Cotton Short View Life & Raigne Henry III 47 Councellors..are but as accessaries, not principals, in sustentation of the State.
1635 J. Swan Speculum Mundi vii. §2. 319 The starres..stand in need of daily sustentation, like a lamp.
1788 Gentleman's Mag. June 503/2 Parishioners made a yearly payment to the Cathedral for the sustentation and maintenance thereof.
1837 J. D. Lang Hist. Acct. New S. Wales II. 165 The sustentation and maintenance of agriculture and commerce.
1860 W. F. Hook Lives Archbps. II. ii. 139 The Peter-pence had..been..a charge laid upon the private estates of the king..for the sustentation of the English College at Rome.
1869 G. Rawlinson Man. Anc. Hist. 49 The taxes, which he imposed on the provinces for the sustentation of his enormous court.
1910 J. H. McCarthy O'Flynn vi. 47 His native penuriousness denied to an already dilapidated mansion those cares and sustentations which would have kept its youth green.
b. The action of maintaining or preserving a condition or state of affairs, esp. the maintenance or preservation of human life. Also occasionally: spec. the maintaining of something at a certain rate or level. Usually with of.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > change > absence of change, changelessness > maintaining state or condition > [noun]
maintenancec1390
sustentation1425
keepingc1430
conservationc1447
sustenation1496
maintainment?c1500
intertenure1537
containing1567
sustainment1568
maintain1599
manutention1603
manutenency?1630
continuance1691
conservancy1884
1425 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VI (Electronic ed.) Parl. Apr. 1425 §13. m. 4 For þe better sustentation of þe said stile, title, name and worship.
a1475 J. Fortescue Governance of Eng. (Laud) (1885) 142 Howe the kyng mey best haue sufficient..livelod ffor the sustentacion off his estate.
1533 T. Cromwell in R. B. Merriman Life & Lett. T. Cromwell (1902) I. 356 A certeyn Annuytie of xxvi s. viii d. toward the Sustentacion of his lyvyng for terme of his Naturall life.
a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 38 Al thyngys necessary & plesaunt for the sustentatyon & quyetnes of mannys lyfe.
1568 in J. Hosack Mary Queen of Scots (1869) I. 529 Na prouision wes deuisit for the support and sustentatioun of the king hir husbandis honorable estait.
1571–2 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1878) 1st Ser. II. 121 To provoke thame..to the sustentatioun..of thair mischevious querrell.
1607 J. Carpenter Plaine Mans Spirituall Plough 68 To till..their fieldes for the better sustentation of mans life.
1684 tr. A. O. Exquemelin Bucaniers Amer. iii. 11 Neither do they give themselves the trouble to plant more fruits, that what are necessary for the sustentation of humane life.
1718 W. Pearson Serm. Several Occasions 284 The Digestion and Separation of the several Juices in the Body for the Sustentation of Life.
1785 W. Paley Moral & Polit. Philos. (1818) I. 99 Applied to the sustentation of human life.
1850 W. R. Williams Relig. Progress (1854) iv. 89 A nation..eager..for the sustentation and diffusion of freedom.
1856 F. L. Olmsted Journey Slave States 279 The improvement, or even the sustentation of the value of his lands became a matter of minor importance.
1878 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. (ed. 2) III. xviii. 244 Royal progresses for the sustentation of peace and justice.
1902 M. A. Lane Level Social Motion vi. 221 Quantities ample for the sustentation of social life.
2006 Sydney Morning Herald (Nexis) 10 July (The Guide) 20 Notions involving belief structures and their sustentation aren't contrived with sufficient fluency in [the] screenplay.
c. A person, circumstance, etc., that helps maintain or promote a condition or state of affairs. Cf. sustainer n. 1a. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > support > [noun] > that which or one who supports
crutchc900
upholda1066
uptakinga1300
arma1382
postc1387
staff1390
sustainerc1390
undersetterc1400
potent?a1439
buttressa1450
supportalc1450
comfort1455
supporta1456
studa1500
poge1525
underpropper1532
shore1534
staya1542
prop1562
stoopa1572
underprop1579
sustentation1585
rest1590
underpinning1590
supportance1597
sustinent1603
lean1610
reliance1613
hingea1616
columna1620
spar1630
gable end1788
lifeboat1832
standback1915
1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie iii. xiii. 95 b They haue some small peeces of money giuen vnto them which is their onely aduantage and sustentation [Fr. soustien] of their pouerty.
1642 H. More Ψυχωδια Platonica sig. D7 God..Who is our lifes strong sustentation.
1742 R. North & M. North Life F. North 15 His Family was not in a Posture to sustain any of the Brothers, by Estates to be carved out of the main Sustentation of the Honour.
1889 J. S. Kedney Christian Doctr. Harmonized 28 A moral law..is an element of the normal constitution of the entire universe, of which God is the sustentation.
4.
a. Provision of a person with a livelihood or the means of living; maintenance or support with the means of subsistence. Frequently with reference to provision for the clergy (cf. sustentation fund n. at Compounds).Very common in the 16th cent.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > supply > [noun] > provision of means of support or livelihood
substancec1384
maintenance1389
sustenance1389
sustentation1389
sustaining1395
findingc1400
uphold1439
retainment1449
exhibition?a1475
entertainment?c1475
upholdingc1480
entertaininga1492
sustenation1496
support1561
alimentation1590
alimony1622
enablement1626
subsisting1698
keep1801
life support1852
palimony1977
1389 in W. Fraser Memorials Family Wemyss (1888) II. 24 Scyr Jon sal gyf to..Doncane til hys sustentacione and hys vphauld for terme of lyve al hys land of Kylmanyne.
1428 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 79 I be-quethe to the sustentacion of that..preest..xx.li.
1463–5 Rolls of Parl.: Edward IV (Electronic ed.) Parl. Apr. 1463 §60. m. 44 Free passage uppon your water of Severne..aswell for the sustentation of youre people of the seid townes, as of all youre people of youre shires in the mean waye.
?1529 Proper Dyaloge Gentillman & Husbandman sig. A vv Artificeres and men of occupacion Quietly wanne their sustentacion.
1558 Bp. T. Watson Holsome Doctr. Seuen Sacramentes xxvi. f. clxiiiiv The payment of tythes..for so much as perteineth to..the sustentacion of Gods ministers.
1563 J. Foxe Actes & Monuments iv. f. 72v/1 The patronages and almoise bestowed by them..for the sustentation of the poore of the realme.
1601 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Trauellers Breuiat 26 So much [land] allotted to euery man as might be thought sufficient for the sustentation of his family.
1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem 2 They ordeined to the Justitiar for his sustentation, ilk day of his justice air, fiue pounds.
a1678 H. Scougal Duty Praise & Thanksgiving (1729) 17 He that brought it into the world hath already provided for its sustentation in it.
1793 T. Blore Hist. Manor South Winfield 21 It is found that..there was there a certain capital messuage insufficient for the sustentation of the family.
1852 W. E. Gladstone in Edinb. Rev. Apr. 381 As there is no poor-law, under which nations can be rated in proportion to their means, for the sustentation of the impotent.
1868 Stephen's New Comm. Laws Eng. (ed. 6) III. iv. ii. i. 41 The law has made several provisions for the proper sustentation and payment of licensed curates, the law has made a variety of provisions.
1920 J. H. B. Masterman Clerical Income 8 Generally to promote the further sustentation of the clergy.
1999 Oxoniensia 63 67 Land..which William de Braose her father gave her as a marriage portion for her sustentation in her reclusagium , the land to revert after her decease.
b. An amount provided or allowed as a means of subsistence or for necessary maintenance; esp. a living, a livelihood. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > supply > [noun] > provision of means of support or livelihood > instance or amount of
sustentation1461
maintenance1540
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > grants and allowances > [noun] > allowance > for specific purpose > for food or maintenance
meatcorn1264
corrody1430
sustentation1461
dieta1483
diet-money1519
board wages1539
viaticum1594
subsistence money1693
table allowance1762
board-money1809
subsistence allowance1824
beer money1827
in-maintenance1836
subsistence allowance1848
conred1876
sustenance money1905
rider1975
1461–2 Rolls of Parl.: Edward IV (Electronic ed.) Parl. Nov. 1461 §15. m. 8 Eny graunte of a corrodye or sustentacion made..by thabbot and convent.
1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 174 The reuenues..shall be well kept by the handes of the treasurer of Scotlande..sauyng a reasonable sustentation of the lande, Castelles, and ministers of the kingdome.
a1639 J. Spottiswood Hist. Church Scotl. (1655) iv. 191 It should be considered, what might be a reasonable sustentation to the Ministers.
1671 J. Webster Metallographia i. 23 To seek for a sustentation by such slavish and drudgery Work.
1769 A. Smith Let. 23 May in E. C. Mossner & I. S. Ross Corr. A. Smith (1977) cxx. 154 If the twa Shillings are to be understood to be the value of the reasonable sustentation, it is for six persons and is 4.d apiece.
c. A person who provides a means of subsistence for others; a provider. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > supply > [noun] > provision of means of support or livelihood > one who
maintainera1450
provisora1475
provider1616
sustentationa1631
head-worker1640
support1677
breadwinner1783
family head2002
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > grants and allowances > [noun] > allowance > for specific purpose > for food or maintenance > one who provides
sustentationa1631
a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1959) IV. 331 Lazarus, the staffe and sustentation of that family was dead.
5. Sustenance, food, nourishment. Also in figurative context with reference to spiritual food (cf. sense 6). Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > [noun] > sustenance or nourishment
foodOE
fosterc1000
fodnethOE
flittinga1225
livenotha1225
nourishingc1300
sustenancec1300
livelihoodc1325
nurture1340
fosteringc1386
livingc1405
nouriturea1425
nutriment?a1425
nutrition?a1425
lifehood1440
reliefa1450
nourishmentc1450
nurshingc1450
sustentationc1450
nutrimentc1485
alimenta1500
sustainmenta1500
bielda1522
creature1540
suck1584
mantiniment1588
fosterment1593
the three M's1938
society > faith > worship > sacrament > communion > [noun] > attendance or partaking of
commoningc1384
communingc1425
communion1440
perceptionc1450
sumptionc1450
sustentationc1450
manducationa1513
receipt?a1513
communicating1550
communication1550
mastication1601
theanthropophagy1654
theophagy1875
c1450 Alphabet of Tales (1905) II. 300 Þus for grete labur & no sustentacion þis ass dyed.
c1474 in J. B. Sheppard Christ Church Lett. (1877) 27 (MED) Your hogges..have wroted the wode over and over, the which shuld be the chefe sustentacion for your young dier in wynter.
1537 Inst. Christen Man I v The sacrament of the Altare..is the very spirituall fode, and the very necessarye sustentation..of all christen men.
c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 30 Beystis..quhilk past besyde burnis & boggis on grene bankis to seik ther sustentatione.
1552 Abp. J. Hamilton Catech. Tabil sig. *.viiiv We may lesumlie desyre of god our necessarie sustentatioun.
?1608 S. Lennard tr. P. Charron Of Wisdome i. Pref. 2 To meditate..therein..is the food, sustentation, life of the spirit.
1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica iii. xxi. 163 It is..a very abstemious animall, and such as..will long subsist without a visible sustentation . View more context for this quotation
1668 Bp. J. Wilkins Ess. Real Char. ii. x. §3. 259 By Sustentation Ordinary..is intended such kind of Food as is usual for ordinary persons, and ordinary times.
1774 T. West Antiq. Furness (1805) 195 Sustentation and commodities for themselves and their children.
1866 Reader 26 May 513 The soil from which they derive their supplies and sustentation.
1881 A. Trollope Dr. Wortle's School II. ii. 31 The writer has perhaps learned to regard two glasses of meridian wine as but a moderate amount of sustentation.
1940 E. R. Goodenough Introd. Philo Judæus vii. 208 The First Fruits, with the leavened cake, are even more elaborately a symbol of partaking of mystic food, divine sustentation, manna, the Logos.
6. The action of providing nourishment or the means of sustenance to a person, animal, etc.; the fact of being provided for in this way, subsistence. Also in figurative context with reference to spiritual nourishment. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > providing or receiving food > [noun]
nourishmentc1330
nurshinga1382
nurshmenta1382
sustenance1389
nutrition?a1425
nutrure?c1450
sustentation1452
nutrifaction?1503
education1533
feeding1547
nourishing1560
nutriture1568
cherishment1593
subsistence1615
nutrication1623
alimentation1626
keeping1644
alition1650
alumnation1658
focillation1658
aliture1721
altion1721
1452 Acts Parl. Scotl. (1814) II. 41/2 That na maner of wittail be haldin in gyrnall be ony personis forther than is neidfull for thair awin persounis and the sustentacione of thair houshaldis.
a1483 King Edward IV in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. I. 141 Yeving unto hir for the sustentacion of hir houshold half a beef and ij. motons.
a1500 (?a1450) Gesta Romanorum (Harl. 7333) (1879) 218 The water shalle seye..‘I brynge forþe diuerse kynde of Fishis for thi sustentacioun’.
1543 Necessary Doctr. Christen Man I iij b A perpetual fode..for our spiritual sustentation.
1548 H. Latimer Notable Serm. sig. B.v It is necessary for to haue this ploughyng for the sustentacion of the bodye.
1614 W. Camden Remaines (rev. ed.) 209 All manner of prices of things in this Realme, necessary for sustentation of the people, grew daily excessiue.
1658 J. Rowland tr. T. Moffett Theater of Insects in Topsell's Hist. Four-footed Beasts (rev. ed.) 903 Unlesse you see that there is not so much Honey left as may serve for the sustentation of the Parents or elder Bees.
1741 W. Warburton Divine Legation Moses II. iv. v. 266 The Country..was rocky and mountainous: which, therefore,..was unfit for the Breed and Sustentation of Horse.
1825 S. T. Coleridge Aids Refl. 239 The part of the plant..suited..to the deposition of its eggs, and the sustentation of the future Larva.
1861 J. G. Holland Lessons in Life iv. 62 That peculiar element on which the germ must rely for quickening and sustentation.
1908 J. B. Babbitt Physical Hist. Earth in Outl. iv. 124 Vegetable growth adequate to the sustentation of animals.
7.
a. The action of maintaining something, esp. the body, in life or existence. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > preservation from injury or destruction > [noun] > preservation in being or maintenance
sustenance1389
relevation?1418
sustentation1477
supportation?a1500
sustentmenta1500
upbearing1501
entertainment1568
maintaining1644
the world > life > the body > system > [noun] > organ > vital organs > action or power of
mightc1175
spiritsa1400
vital spiritc1450
vital spiritsc1450
sustentation1477
psychoid1903
1477 Earl Rivers tr. Dictes or Sayengis Philosophhres (Caxton) (1877) lf. 11v Slepe no more than shall suffyse onely for the sustentacion of thy body.
1555 W. Waterman tr. Josephus in tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions sig. X.j If menne shal not onely haue regard to their owne priuate profecte, but also to the sustentacion of other.
1624 A. Darcie tr. Originall of Idolatries xxii. 105 The Sunne..by his force and calidity giues sustentation to whatsoeuer liues vpon the earth.
1675 T. Brooks Golden Key 227 The preservation and sustentation of all things, Colos. 1. 17.
1722 O. Dykes Royal Marriage 85 What is necessary for the Consolation of his Mind, the Comfort of his Heart, and the Sustentation of his Body?
1768 E. Search Light of Nature II. ii. xxii. 110 We depend upon things external for our uses and enjoyments and the sustentation of our bodies.
1847 G. Grote Hist. Greece IV. ii. xxxi. 235 The fruit of the fresh-planted democracy as well as the seed for its sustentation and aggrandisement.
1874 T. H. Huxley in Nature 3 Sept. 362/1 Harvey..laid the foundation of a scientific theory of the larger part of the processes of living beings—those processes, in fact, which we now call processes of sustentation.
1921 New Philos. 24 106 The materia for the continual creation or sustentation of his body by the soul, is still provided by nature.
b. Support, help, aid; (in early use) esp. divine support or guidance.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > easiness > aid, help, or assistance > support > [noun] > mental or spiritual
supportationa1500
support?a1513
crutch1581
nutriment1597
sustentationa1617
a1617 P. Baynes Christian Lett. (1620) sig. L8 I thanke God in Christ, sustentation I haue,..but suauities spirituall I taste not any.
1645 J. Ussher Body of Divin. (1647) 378 That he would not take his holy Spirit from us in our trialls, but give us sustentation in our temptations.
2005 Morning Star (Nexis) 31 Aug. I feel let down by those I ought to be able to rely upon to provide the sustentation we know would be there if there was a will.
III. Senses relating to physical support.
8. = sustainer n. 2a. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > support > [noun] > that which supports
staffc1000
hold1042
source1359
legc1380
shorer1393
stabilimenta1398
upholder1398
sustentationa1400
undersetterc1400
bearinga1425
undersettinga1425
suppowellc1430
triclinec1440
sustentaclec1451
supportera1475
sustainerc1475
sustenal1483
stayc1515
buttress1535
underpinning1538
firmament1554
countenance1565
support1570
appuia1573
comfort1577
hypostasis1577
underpropping1586
porter1591
supportation1593
supportance1597
understaya1603
bearer1607
rest1609
upsetter1628
mountinga1630
sustent1664
underlay1683
holdfast1706
abutment1727
suppeditor1728
mount1739
monture1746
bed1793
appoggiatura1833
bracing1849
bench1850
under-pinner1859
bolster-piece1860
sustainer1873
table mount1923
a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 23 It is nessessarie summe lymes to han a sustentacioun..to be streyned & drawen abrod as þe noseþrillis & þe gristile of þe eere.
a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 254 (MED) Þe eere was maad of cartilaginis..& if þei schulde be maad oonly of fleisch, þei schulde haue noon sustentacioun for to bere hem vp.
1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 323 The most notable pyllers or sustentacions that the earth hath in heauen.
9.
a. Originally: †the quality of being able physically to hold up or keep from falling a person or object (obsolete). Subsequently: the action of physically holding someone or something up; the condition of being supported in this way. rare after 17th cent. (now only as preserved in sense 9b).
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > support > [noun]
sustaining1395
sustenancea1398
sustentation?a1425
stinea1475
supportation1496
support1594
supporture1609
fulciment1640
undersustentation1650
?a1425 tr. Catherine of Siena Orcherd of Syon (Harl.) (1966) 72 (MED) Watir haþ no sustentacioun, or berynge vp, therfore by þat wey no man may passe ouer þat flood..but needis he moste be drenchid.
1483 tr. Adam of Eynsham Reuelation vii And so [he] came to chirche..& without sustentacion or helpe of any thing entrid into the quire.
1617 J. Woodall Surgions Mate 138 A conuenient Fascia..for the sustentation of the arme.
1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis 189 Since the Tonique motion of the Muscules is not sufficient for sustentation of the Body.
1669 R. Boyle Contin. New Exper. Physico-mech. i. xxvi. 91 An ordinary School-philosopher would confidently have attributed this sustentation of so heavy a Body to Nature's fear of admitting a Vacuum.
1893 J. T. Bent in Geogr. Jrnl. 2 140 In difficult places the rocks have been cut [for the old roadways]; walls of sustentation are visible at many points.
b. Aeronautics. The action or condition of being supported in the air, whether by aerodynamic lift from an aerofoil or by an air cushion.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > air or space travel > specific movements or positions of aircraft > aerodynamic forces and concepts > [noun] > lift
sustentation1874
lift1902
1874 Eng. Mechanic & World of Sci. 20 Nov. 246/2 Size is a very important point in all experiments on aerial sustentation.
1907 F. W. Lanchester Aerodynamics v. 179 The author does not employ the term aeroplane outside its correct signification, that is to say, to denote other than a true or plane aeroplane; the misuse of the word being avoided by the introduction of the word aerofoil, to denote a supporting member, or organ of sustentation of undefined form.
1939 Nature 18 Feb. 272/1 Most modern air transport is by means of the aeroplane, a body heavier than air, depending upon forward movement for sustentation.
1977 T. K. S. Murthy in Proc. 2nd Internat. Waterborne Transportation Conf. (1978) 308 The sustentation of the vehicle above the water surface is therefore partly due to the pressure of the air in the cushion and partly due to the hydrostatic buoyancy of the submerged hulls.
2005 O. Darrigol Worlds Flow vii. 305 He imagined a singular theory of what he called an ‘aerofoil’, that is, the organ of sustentation of airplanes and birds.

Compounds

sustentation fund n. a fund providing support for church ministers in meeting their living costs, esp. in the Free Church of Scotland.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > funds or pecuniary resources > [noun] > set apart for a purpose > for other purposes
alms purse1530
privy purse1565
sinking fund1717
stakea1744
pension fund1757
spare-chest1769
road fund1784
revolving fund1793
community chest1796
provident fund1817
sustentation fund1837
wages-fund1848
slush fund1874
treasury chest fund1877
fall money1883
jackpot1884
provision1895
war chest1901
juice1935
fighting fund1940
structural fund1967
appeal fund1976
1837 Sheffield Independent 18 Feb. They had, however, a heavy expense in the sustentation fund for the maintenance of worn-out missionaries.
1869 Daily News 21 Oct. The Free Church of Scotland in 26 years had..raised a sustentation fund of 132,000l. per annum, so that every minister should have not less than 150l. a year.
1915 N. Munro in Glasgow News 15 Mar. 2/4 ‘Don't joke aboot the Sustentation Fund, Erchie,’ said Jennet with pious reproof.
2008 Press & Jrnl. (Aberdeen) (Nexis) 9 Dec. 4 Mr Macdonald received a regular stipend from a sustentation fund.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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