单词 | swab |
释义 | swabn.1adj. 1. a. A mop made of rope-yarn, etc. used for cleaning and drying the deck, etc. on board ship. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > wiping > [noun] > mopping or swabbing > mop or swab > specific on board ship swab1659 1659 G. Torriano Florio's Vocabolario Italiano & Inglese Strofinaccio.., a swab in a ship, a clout~mop in a boat. 1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine Swab, a sort of mop formed of a large bunch of old rope-yarns..used to clean the decks and cabins of a ship. 1797 S. James Narr. Voy. 230 We..choaked the pumps up with wringing swabs. 1820 W. Scoresby Acct. Arctic Regions II. 233 A small broom and a ‘swab’. 1893 M. Pemberton Iron Pirate 182 Others of the crew brought buckets and swabs unbidden, and cleansed the place. b. Anything used for mopping up; an absorbent mass of rag, cotton-wool, or the like, used for cleansing; any mass or bundle of stuff that takes up moisture, or that, being soaked, is applied to a surface.Also Medicine a specimen of a morbid secretion, etc., taken with a swab for bacteriological examination. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > wiping > [noun] > mopping or swabbing > mop or swab swipple14.. mapplea1406 malkin1440 mop1496 makron1552 swabber1606 swab1787 swab-stick1839 file1851 squilgee1851 the world > health and disease > healing > diagnosis or prognosis > tests > [noun] > materials tested blood film1856 blood sample1873 blood1890 night-blood1894 smear1903 swab1903 phantom1922 cervical smear1944 1787 M. Cutler Jrnl. 11 July in W. P. Cutler & J. P. Cutler Life, Jrnls. & Corr. M. Cutler (1888) I. 243 The hostler is at the door, ready to take your horse,..rubs him down, then washes him with a swab and wipes him dry. 1828 Sporting Mag. 22 354 The swab, which, when well saturated with water, is tied round the outside of the coronets. 1842 J. L. Motley Diary 18 Jan. in Corr. (1889) I. iv. 117 The archbishop with a little mop or swab twirling water on all the dignitaries. 1854 Poultry Chron. 1 369/1 If they rattle badly in the throat, make a swab by tying a little tow on a small stick, and swab their throats out with the same mixture. 1889 P. N. Hasluck Model Engineer's Handybk. 139 The mixture can be applied with a small brush, or a swab tied to the end of a stick. 1903 Lancet 4 Apr. 946/1 After swabbing out the throat with a swab from the throat of a case of scarlet fever an exudative tonsillitis resulted. 1907 M. H. Gordon tr. R. Abel Lab. Handbk. Bacteriol. 165 A plug of sterile wool fixed to a wooden rod or wire (i.e. a ‘swab’). 1908 Animal Managem. (War Office) 339 Keep cold swabs over the hoofs. c. A cylindrical brush or cleaner for cleaning out the bore of a firearm; a soft brush for wetting the mould in founding. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > metalworking equipment > [noun] > casting equipment > mould > brush for wetting mould swab1863 society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > equipment for use with firearms > [noun] > instrument for cleaning bore moppet1512 scouring-stick1577 scourer1591 spongea1625 scouring-rod1697 sponge-staff1772 gun-brush1799 fire-swab1813 wiping-stick1817 wiper1826 washing-rod1850 sponge cloth1862 swab1863 wiping-rod1875 1863 ‘M. Twain’ Celebrated Jumping Frog (1867) 73 A sheet was wound around me until I resembled a swab for a Columbiad [cannon]. 1874 tr. V. Hugo Ninety-three II. iii. i. iii. 174 He took the swab and rammer himself, loaded the piece, sighted it, and fired. 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 2465/2 Swab..is used..to wet the parting edge before drawing the pattern, and also to moisten parts of the mold requiring repairs. d. A naval officer's epaulette. slang. Also †transferred, a naval officer. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > hostilities at sea > administration and ceremonial > [noun] > naval insignia swab1793 weekly accounts1805 watch mark1860 killick1915 society > armed hostility > hostilities at sea > seafaring warrior or naval man > leader or commander > [noun] > naval officer sea-officer1669 naval officer1715 swab1793 epaulette1829 swab-man1836 1793 C. Dibdin in Britannic Mag. 1 25/2 And there's never a swab but the captain knows the stem from the stern of the ship. 1798 Sporting Mag. 12 35 He makes use of no swabs (gold shoulder knots). 1833 M. Scott Tom Cringle's Log II. iv. 132 If half a dozen skippers..were to evaporate during the approaching hot months, he may have some small chance of t'other swab. 1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple III. iii. 47 I had shipped the swab... I'm lieutenant of the Rattlesnake. 1850 G. Cupples Green Hand i. 4/2 A fat fellow with red breeches and yallow swabs on his shoulders, like a captain of marines. 1850 H. Melville White-jacket xc. 447 Touch your tile whenever a swob (officer) speaks to you. e. A piece of stuff that hangs loose, trails, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > support > hanging or suspension > [noun] > that which hangs or is suspended > trailingly trailera1652 trailing1727 streamer1810 trail1844 swab1862 tangle1864 1862 G. W. Thornbury Life J. M. W. Turner II. 322 The swab of a handkerchief hanging from the side-pocket of his tail-coat. 1862 A. Trollope N. Amer. I. 300 At every hundred yards some unhappy man treads upon the silken swab which she trails behind her. f. Oil Industry. A device in the form of a plunger with a valve, used to raise fluid in a well and induce a flow. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > oil and natural gas recovery equipment > [noun] > plunger to induce flow swab1904 1904 Dial. Notes 2 391 Swab, n., a tool used in drilling... When water comes in faster than it can be got out by the sand-pump, the swab is run down. The fluid passes through it, and by it several hundred feet of fluid can be raised out of the hole at one run. 1916 A. B. Thompson Oil-field Devel. & Petroleum Mining x. 482 The early swab consisted of a hollow steel barrel, around which was wrapped sufficient hemp..to tightly fit the well casing when inserted. 1930 W. H. Osgood Increasing Recov. Petroleum I. x. 169 Swabbing..may result in the forming of emulsions when the swab is run too low in the fluid and water is present. 1974 P. L. Moore et al. Drilling Pract. Man. ix. 241 Swab pressures are associated with fluid flow, caused by pulling equipment out of a liquid filled bore-hole. 2. †(a) = swabber n.1 1. Obsolete. (b) A term of abuse or (now often mild) contempt: cf. swabber n.1 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > inferior person > [noun] > as abused warlockOE swinec1175 beastc1225 wolf's-fista1300 avetrolc1300 congeonc1300 dirtc1300 slimec1315 snipec1325 lurdanc1330 misbegetc1330 sorrowa1350 shrew1362 jordan1377 wirlingc1390 frog?a1400 warianglea1400 wretcha1400 horcop14.. turdc1400 callet1415 lotterela1450 paddock?a1475 souter1478 chuff?a1500 langbain?c1500 cockatrice1508 sow1508 spink1508 wilrone1508 rook?a1513 streaker?a1513 dirt-dauber?1518 marmoset1523 babiona1529 poll-hatcheta1529 bear-wolf1542 misbegotten1546 pig1546 excrement1561 mamzer1562 chuff-cat1563 varlet1566 toada1568 mandrake1568 spider1568 rat1571 bull-beef1573 mole-catcher1573 suppository1573 curtal1578 spider-catcher1579 mongrela1585 roita1585 stickdirta1585 dogfish1589 Poor John1589 dog's facec1590 tar-boxa1592 baboon1592 pot-hunter1592 venom1592 porcupine1594 lick-fingers1595 mouldychaps1595 tripe1595 conundrum1596 fat-guts1598 thornback1599 land-rat1600 midriff1600 stinkardc1600 Tartar1600 tumbril1601 lobster1602 pilcher1602 windfucker?1602 stinker1607 hog rubber1611 shad1612 splay-foot1612 tim1612 whit1612 verdugo1616 renegado1622 fish-facea1625 flea-trapa1625 hound's head1633 mulligrub1633 nightmare1633 toad's-guts1634 bitch-baby1638 shagamuffin1642 shit-breech1648 shitabed1653 snite1653 pissabed1672 bastard1675 swab1687 tar-barrel1695 runt1699 fat-face1740 shit-sack1769 vagabond1842 shick-shack1847 soor1848 b1851 stink-pot1854 molie1871 pig-dog1871 schweinhund1871 wind-sucker1880 fucker1893 cocksucker1894 wart1896 so-and-so1897 swine-hound1899 motherfucker1918 S.O.B.1918 twat1922 mong1926 mucker1929 basket1936 cowson1936 zombie1936 meatball1937 shower1943 chickenshit1945 mugger1945 motherferyer1946 hooer1952 morpion1954 mother1955 mother-raper1959 louser1960 effer1961 salaud1962 gunk1964 scunge1967 the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > inferior person > [noun] > held in contempt > male houndOE churlc1300 pagec1385 jockeya1529 sincanterc1540 cullion1575 cur1600 swabber1612 codworm1615 bob-taila1625 pompilliona1625 duck's meata1627 swab1687 person1704 hallion1789 jackeen1810 peat1818 society > travel > travel by water > one who travels by water or sea > sailor > sailors involved in specific duties or activities > [noun] > deck-hand > who cleans decks swabber1592 swab1687 1687 M. Taubman London's Triumph 7 Green-men, Swabs, Satyrs, and Attendants innumerable. 1707 E. Ward Wooden World Dissected 64 Provided always, that the Swab consign him over his Wages for his Labour. 1710 C. Shadwell Fair Quaker of Deal i. i. 6 If the Government did but know what a Swabb thou art. 1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random I. iii. 15 None of your jaw, you swab. 1798 Lady Hamilton Let. to Nelson 8 Sept. I would have been rather an English powder-monkey or a swab in that great victory than an emperor out of it. 1816 W. Scott Let. May (1933) IV. 226 I have seen the great swab, who is supple as a glove. 1834 F. Marryat Jacob Faithful II. iii. 57 He said t'other day I was a drunken old swab. 1860 All Year Round 28 July 384 Look there, you swabs! Don't you see that second jib towing overboard? 1887 W. Besant World Went xxix Luke was a grass comber and a land swab. 1899 E. Œ. Somerville & ‘M. Ross’ Some Experiences Irish R.M. 240 The men 're rather a lot of swabs, but they know the coast. 1907 ‘Q’ Poison Island vii. 60 The Mayor of Falmouth was a well-meaning old swab. 3. as adj. Lubberly. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > the common people > low rank or condition > low or vulgar person > [adjective] carlisha1240 lewdc1380 carlc1450 villain1483 ruffian1528 shake-ragged1550 porterlike1568 popular1583 ungracious1584 ordinarya1586 tapsterly1589 mechanic1598 round-headed1598 base-like1600 strummell-patch1600 porterly1603 scrubbing1603 vernaculous1607 plebeian1615 reptile1653 proletarian1663 mobbish1695 low1725 terraefilial1745 low-lifed1747 Whitechapel1785 lowlife1794 boweryish1846 gutter1849 bowery1852 lowish1886 swab1914 lumpen1944 1914 Blackwood's Mag. Nov. 648/2 About the swabbest lot that ever left port. Compounds swab-hitch n. Nautical (see quot. 1883). ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > ropes or chains other than rigging or cable > [noun] > knot used by sailors > specific bowline-knot1627 clinch1627 sheepshank1627 wall-knot1627 running bowline1710 running bowline knot1726 bend1769 clove-hitch1769 half-hitch1769 hitch1769 walnut1769 cat's paw1794 midshipman's hitch1794 reef knot1794 clench1804 French shroud knot1808 carrick bend1819 bowline1823 slippery hitch1832 wall1834 Matthew Walker1841 shroud-knot1860 stopper-knotc1860 marling hitch1867 wind-knot1870 Portuguese knot1871 rosette1875 chain knota1877 stopper-hitch1876 swab-hitch1883 monkey fist1917 Spanish bowline1968 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > binding or tying > a bond, tie, or fastening > [noun] > knot > any knot used by sailors > other specific sailors' knots bowline-knot1627 clinch1627 sheepshank1627 wall-knot1627 running bowline1710 running bowline knot1726 bend1769 clove-hitch1769 half-hitch1769 hitch1769 walnut1769 Magnus hitch1794 midshipman's hitch1794 clench1804 French shroud knot1808 carrick bend1819 bowline1823 slippery hitch1832 wall1834 cat's paw1840 Matthew Walker1841 shroud-knot1860 stopper-knotc1860 Portuguese knot1871 chain knota1877 stopper-hitch1876 swab-hitch1883 Spanish bowline1968 1883 Man. Seamanship for Boys' Training Ships Royal Navy 88 A swab-hitch..is..used for bending a rope's end to swabs when washing them overboard. swab-hitch v. to secure with a swab-hitch. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > ropes or chains other than rigging or cable > [verb (transitive)] > attach or join by specific knot sheepshank1769 cat's-paw1794 reef-knot1794 clove-hitch1874 swab-hitch1883 wall1883 the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > binding or tying > bind or tie [verb (transitive)] > fasten or secure with a knot > specific reef-knot1794 clove-hitch1874 swab-hitch1883 1883 Man. Seamanship for Boys' Training Ships Royal Navy 190 Swab-hitch it over the ring and seize the end back. swab-man n. a naval officer wearing epaulettes. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > hostilities at sea > seafaring warrior or naval man > leader or commander > [noun] > naval officer sea-officer1669 naval officer1715 swab1793 epaulette1829 swab-man1836 1836 E. Howard Rattlin xl A little swab~man..jumped on the..deck. Categories » swab-pot n. Founding ‘an iron vessel containing water and the founder's swab’ (E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. 1875). swab-rope n. Nautical, (see quots.). ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > ropes or chains other than rigging or cable > [noun] > rope attached to bucket or swab bucket-rope1627 swab-rope1867 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Swab-rope, a line bent to the eye of a swab for dipping it overboard in washing it. swab-stick n. (see quots.). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > wiping > [noun] > mopping or swabbing > mop or swab swipple14.. mapplea1406 malkin1440 mop1496 makron1552 swabber1606 swab1787 swab-stick1839 file1851 squilgee1851 1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 836 If the ground be very wet, and the hole gets full of mud, it is cleaned out by a stick bent at the end into a fibrous brush, called a swab-stick. 1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II Swab~stick, a rod of wood wrapped at one end with cotton, used in making applications to the uterus or vagina. swab-tail n. a midshipman. ΚΠ 1925 Blackwood's Mag. July 131/1 You bally swabtails have no esprit de corps. swab-washer n. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing other specific things > [noun] > one who washes or wrings swabs swab-wringer1821 swab-washer1836 1836 E. Howard Rattlin xxvii Present that piece of paper..to the head swabwasher. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. (at cited word) The principal swab-washer, or captain of the head, in large ships. swab-wringer n. Nautical one who washes or wrings out swabs. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing other specific things > [noun] > one who washes or wrings swabs swab-wringer1821 swab-washer1836 1821 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 10 426 A waister, a term which is equally applicable to sweepers, swab-wringers,..and drudges of all descriptions. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online March 2022). swabn.2 Now south-western dialect. = swabber n.2 ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > whist > [noun] > type of card swab1681 swabber1699 long card1862 card of re-entry1870 1681 Heraclitus Ridens 1 Nov. 1/1 He has all the game in his hand, all the Trumps and Swabbers. a1840 in C. E. Byles Life & Lett. R. S. Hawker (1905) vi. 73 Us was settin' playin' swabs (‘all fours’) up to ‘The Bush’. 1880 M. A. Courtney W. Cornwall Words in M. A. Courtney & T. Q. Couch Gloss. Words Cornwall 57/1 Swabbers, ‘I never cared for whisk since swabs went out of fashion’. Said by an old lady at Penzance about ten years since... Each player before beginning to play puts in the pool a fixed sum for swabs. 1890 J. D. Robertson Gloss. Words County of Gloucester Swabs or Swabbers, honours at whist. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online March 2022). swabn.3 dialect. A bean- or pea-shell. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > pulses or plants producing pulses > [noun] > pod(s) or husk(s) chaffc1420 swad1600 swab1659 1659 G. Torriano Florio's Vocabolario Italiano & Inglese The swab (or cod, of beanes pease, &c.), scaffa, guscio [cf. Guscio..swad]. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Swab, a Cod of Beans. 1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. Swab, the husk of the pea; pease swabs. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online September 2018). Swabn.4 A native or inhabitant of the German region of Swabia; = Swabian n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > native or inhabitant of Germany > [noun] > parts of Easterling1253 Sprucier1443 Suevian1549 High German1550 Low German1550 Prussian1554 Lusatian1555 Westphalian1576 Borussian1607 Rhinelander1608 Eastman1610 Belgic1615 Franconian1615 Thuringian1618 Swab1637 spruce1640 Silesian1669 Swabian1675 palatinate1709 Hessian1729 Saxon1737 Austrasian1833 East German1838 Balt1854 West German1855 Württemberger1896 Sudeten1938 East German1947 West German1947 Saarlander1955 Ossi1989 Wessi1990 1637 T. Jackson 2nd Serm. Jer. xxvi. 19 in Diverse Serm. 44 Shee thought to have drawne sighes from the barbarous Getes, or to have wrung teares from the mercilesse Swab. 1663 B. Gerbier Counsel to Builders 106 A high German (especially a Swab). 1839 Age 28 Apr. 133/3 The Land of the Swabs, scilicet Swabia. 1991 K. Gramm Clare xvi. 138 The Swabs have an irresistible tendency to add an l at the end of a word. ‘Night’ comes out sounding like ‘nightle’. 2013 G. Motta Less than Nations I. ii. iii. 200 The Swabs settled in Banat in the XVIII century, arriving from Luxemburg, Alsace and Lorraine. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2021; most recently modified version published online March 2022). swabv.1 I. Senses relating to swaying motion. 1. intransitive. To sway about. dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in specific manner > irregular movement or agitation > unsteady movement > move unsteadily [verb (intransitive)] > reel, stagger, or sway unsteadily stackera1300 welt13.. waggera1382 swaver?a1400 blundc1400 swab14.. swabble14.. gogglec1460 reel1477 galay1489 stagger1530 swag1530 stag1561 wheel1832 swig1833 wavel1896 14.. [implied in: Promptorium Parvulorum 481/2 Swablynge, or swaggynge (A. swabbyng). (at swabble v. b)]. a1854 J. Clare MS. Poems The billows swab behind. 1854 A. E. Baker Gloss. Northants. Words II. 320 Swob, to sway and vibrate with the wind, to wave. 1881 S. Evans Evans's Leicestershire Words (new ed.) Swab, to sway, like boughs in the wind. 1887 T. Darlington Folk-speech S. Cheshire Swob, to sway beneath the feet; said of marshy ground. II. Senses relating to swabbing or cleansing. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > behave badly [verb (intransitive)] > behave in ill-mannered or unrefined way to play the bear1579 lob1596 clown1600 vulgarize1605 swab1638 hoyden1709 lout1807 1638 J. Ford Fancies ii. 17 Rudenesse! Keepe off, or I shall—sawcy groome, learn manners, Goe swab amongst your Goblins. 3. To apply a swab to; to cleanse or wipe with or as with a swab; to mop up. Also with down (occasionally intransitive). ΘΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > wiping > clean by wiping [verb (transitive)] > clean with a mop or swab swab1705 mop1755 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > wiping > clean by wiping [verb (transitive)] > clean with a mop or swab > remove (dirt) with a mop or swab swab1705 1705 in H. Playford Wit & Mirth (new ed.) 324 All hands up aloft, Swab the Coach fore and aft. 1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine Transl. French Terms Fauberter, to swab a ship's decks, &c. 1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple I. vi. 62 The main-deck, which they were swabbing dry. 1836 E. Howard Rattlin xliv ‘It melts me,’ responded the doctor, swabbing his face with the napkin. 1840 R. H. Dana Two Years before Mast ii. 13 After we had finished, swabbed down, and coiled up the rigging, I sat down on the spars. 1853 C. Dickens Bleak House xvii. 163 If you only have to swab a plank, you should swab it as if Davy Jones were after you. 1854 Poultry Chron. 1 369/1 If they rattle badly in the throat, make a swab by tying a little tow on a small stick, and swab their throats out with the same mixture. 1882 Barnett in Macmillan's Mag. XLVI. 174 The prisoners were ‘swabbing’ their filthy dens! 1883 F. M. Crawford Dr. Claudius ix. 147 A party of red-capped tars were..swabbing the forward deck. 1903 Lancet 4 Apr. 946/1 After swabbing out the throat with a swab from the throat of a case of scarlet fever an exudative tonsillitis resulted. 4. To mop up (liquid) with or as with a swab. Π 1745 P. Thomas True Jrnl. Voy. South-Seas 285 It seems they had ten Men quartered on Purpose to swab up the Blood. 1819 G. Beattie Bark 128 I swabbed from my cheeks the tears and the spray. 1837 F. Marryat Snarleyyow III. i. 17 The corporal..swabbed up the blood. 5. To souse as with a mop. ΘΠ the world > matter > liquid > condition of being or making wet > condition of being or making very wet > make very wet [verb (transitive)] > as with a mop swab1762 1762 J. Mills New Syst. Pract. Husbandry I. 155 Thus we see a smith swab and wet his coals. 6. To draw like a swab over a surface. ΘΠ the world > movement > progressive motion > specific manner of progressive motion > move or cause to move progressively in specific manner [verb (transitive)] > move lightly over or along scum1513 shave1513 sweep1538 raze1555 grazea1616 frizzle1634 brush1647 brush1674 to brush (a thing) over1700 skim1796 skiff1807 scuff1818 skitter1885 swab1892 1892 Photogr. Ann. II. 47 The plate is sloped, and the brush..is swabbed across the required portion. 7. Oil Industry. To introduce a swab (swab n.1 1f) into (an oil-well) in order to induce a flow. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > drilling for oil or gas > drill for oil or gas [verb (transitive)] > other procedures to fang a pump, (loosely) a well1819 to rack up1839 shootc1870 torpedo1873 pull1895 sidetrack1906 swab1916 stab1922 re-enter1937 rack1949 1916 A. B. Thompson Oil-field Devel. & Petroleum Mining x. 482 It was the local custom to swab wells at intervals. 1974 P. L. Moore et al. Drilling Pract. Man. ix. 245 This deceleration pressure indicates a well can be swabbed when running pipe into the hole. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < |
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