† swindlingn.¹

Forms: 1500s swyndelynge.

Etymology: < German schwindeln to feel dizzy or giddy (see swindler n.) + -ing suffix¹. Compare swindle n.²Compare German Schwindelung , in the same sense (Old High German swintilunga , Middle High German swindelunge ; now rare, the usual word being Schwindel swindle n.²).

Obsolete. rare.

Vertigo or dizziness. Cf. swindle n.²

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > vertigo > [noun]

dizzinessc900

swimeOE

swinglingc1000

turningc1230

turngiddya1382

giddiness1398

turngiddiness1398

vertiginyc1400

turn-sick?c1450

swindling1527

vertigo1528

swimming1530

swindle1559

turnsickness1559

duseling1561

whirling1561

turn-sick giddiness1577

megrim1595

vertiginousness1599

whimsya1627

tiegoa1640

lightheadedness1645

swimmering1650

swim1817

swirling1825

swimminess1894

1527 L. Andrewe tr. H. Brunschwig Vertuose Boke Distyllacyon sig. Kiv^v [It] is good agaynste the swyndelynge in the hede [Ger. fur das schwindlen in dem houpt].

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

swindlingn.²

Brit.

/ˈswɪndl̩ɪŋ/,

/ˈswɪndlɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈswɪnd(ə)lɪŋ/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: swindle v., -ing suffix¹.

Etymology: < swindle v. + -ing suffix¹. Compare earlier swindling n.¹

1. The use of deception, trickery, etc., to obtain or take something, esp. money; fraudulent activity of this type. Also more generally: the duping, tricking, or deceiving of someone; lies, trickery.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > defrauding or swindling > [noun]

defraudc1450

defraudationc1503

fraudingc1530

defrauding1548

cheateryc1555

cheatingc1555

versing1591

begeckc1600

sharking1602

shaving1606

rooking1635

defraudment1645

emunging1664

prowlerya1670

bilking1687

sharping1692

mace1742

fineering1765

swindling1769

highway robbery1777

macing1811

flat-catching1821

ramping1830

swindlery1833

rigging1846

diddlinga1849

suck-in1856

daylight robbery1863

cooking1873

bunco-steering1875

chousing1881

fiddling1884

verneukery1896

padding1900

verneukering1900

bobol1907

swizzle1913

ramp1915

swizz1915

chizzing1948

tweedling1975

1769 St. James's Chron. 12–14 Dec. Yet it [sc. the Note] was drawn by a Person from Chatham who did not live there, and merely an Artifice to raise Money, and in the very Spirit of what is called Swindling.

1842 J. D. Hammond Hist. Polit. Parties in State of N.-Y. I. xxv. 527 Here is another instance of a senator elected, professing to belong to one party and immediately or shortly after, declaring himself to be of the other. This is a sort of political swindling.

1869 J. E. T. Rogers in A. Smith Inq. Wealth Nations (new ed.) I. ii. ii. 326 (note) Free trade in banking, it has been wisely and wittily said, is free trade in swindling.

1959 Life 20 July 22/3 Brilliant Lowell Birrell had turned to swindling—massively, almost openly and, for a time, undetected.

2008 ‘R. Keeland’ tr. S. Larsson Girl with Dragon Tattoo ii. 29 The swindling of a client had been accomplished through creative bookkeeping.

2. An act or instance of this; a fraudulent transaction or scheme, or (more generally) a lie or trick; = swindle n.³ 1.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > defrauding or swindling > [noun] > instance or piece of

lurch1533

fool-finder1685

chouse1708

swindle1778

swindling1814

do1821

shave1834

steal1872

fiddle1874

diddle1885

ramp1888

tweedle1890

take-down1892

window dressing1892

gyp1898

bobol1907

flanker1923

hype1926

have-on1931

chizz1953

scam1963

rip-off1968

rip1971

1814 Niles' Weekly Reg. 20 Aug. 462/1 Lord Cochrane has been convicted of a ‘hoax,’ by which he made great swindlings in the funds.

1876 Ladies' Repository May 477/1 Passion for money leads to thefts, robbings, cheating, forgery, and all manner of swindlings.

1901 Rep. Industr. Comm. XI. 5 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (57th Congr., 1st Sess.: House of Representatives Doc. 180) LXXIV This legislation is..a swindling of the farmers and planters and other agricultural interests.

1972 A. R. Myers London in Age of Chaucer iii. 150 Sometimes the impostures and swindlings were elaborate.

2003 Guardian (Nexis) 8 Mar. 26 Norman doesn't really talk to Africans, except in confrontation or in mutual swindlings.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

swindlingadj.

Brit.

/ˈswɪndl̩ɪŋ/,

/ˈswɪndlɪŋ/, U.S.

/ˈswɪnd(ə)lɪŋ/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: swindle v., -ing suffix².

Etymology: < swindle v. + -ing suffix².

1. Involving or characterized by swindling; of the nature of or constituting a swindle; fraudulent, dishonest.Some examples may be interpreted as attributive uses of swindling n.²

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > defrauding or swindling > [adjective]

sharking1613

bubble1763

swindling1773

1773 Morning Chron. 18 Aug. This respectable stile being applied to many Bankrupts of the Jewish sect, and Christian denomination, who were never known upon the 'Change, nor kept any warehouse but in the swindling, collusive way.

1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas III. vii. xii. 163 He declared his..abhorrence of becoming a party..in a mere swindling trick.

1857 Chamber's Jrnl. 26 Dec. 401/2 Pussy's..inventive and rather swindling ingenuity transforms him [sc. Whittington] at length into a veritable Marquis de Carrabas.

1879 ‘G. Eliot’ Theophrastus Such xvi. 283 His name for virtue served as an effective part of a swindling apparatus.

1935 J. B. Cabell Smith xxx. 187 If only you can find an honorable way, or even a swindling way.

2003 Morning Star (Nexis) 8 Feb. 9 Mobile operator Hutchinson 3G is set to show up the swindling nature of privatised telecommunications..when it announces a ‘revolutionary’ approach to the sale of the brain-rotting phones.

2. That engages in swindling, designating a swindler; acting or dealing in a fraudulent or dishonest manner.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > defrauding or swindling > [adjective] > defrauding or swindling

cheatingc1555

sharking1608

shaving1611

rooking1631

sharping1691

black-legged1761

swindling1774

managed1810

cooked1849

bunco-steering1875

blue sky and hot air1905

blue skies1925

1774 Craftsman 7 May One of the noted swindling gentry went on Saturday last to a gentlewoman who has a house near Whitehall.

1809 J. Adams Let. 16 Feb. in Wks. (1854) IX. 610 Our medium is depreciated by the multitude of swindling banks.

1864 E. Sargent Peculiar viii. 57 Pride in all those habitudes..which separated us so immeasurably from the peddling and swindling Yankee nation.

1928 A. Huxley Point Counter Point xiv. 270 Burlap had been right, even though he was a charlatan, a sort of swindling thimble-rigger of the emotions.

1989 J. Barnes Hist. World in 10½ Chapters vi. 152 The absconding muleteer, the swindling innkeeper and the devious custom-house officer were all treated to the same display of unthwartable will.

2014 Daily Herald (Chicago) 6 Mar. v. 1/3 And with that line the audience knows Harold Hill, the swindling con man, has been transformed.

Derivatives

ˈswindlingly adv. now somewhat rare dishonestly, fraudulently; in a manner which involves swindling or dishonesty.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > defrauding or swindling > [adverb]

sharkingly1659

swindlingly1812

1812 W. Gardiner Catal. Antient & Mod. Bks.: Pt. I App. 79 If, by ‘overcharging’, be meant, ‘describing in false colours, swindlingly’, where is the proof?

1832 Monthly Mag. Sept. 302 Thus we have proved the hollowness and insecurity of this institution, which has swindlingly assumed the name of the United States.

1887 H. W. Daly Digging, Squatting, & Pioneering Life S. Austral. xvi. 171 The break-up of many of the more swindlingly formed enterprises naturally ensued.

1930 Astounding Stories Sept. 314/2 They told me the price—swindlingly exorbitant for the unwary traveller who might wander down here.

1996 Piss Weakend (Univ. New S. Wales) 30 July 16/2 Which of these swindlingly charming household identities have what it takes to be Australia's first president?

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

n.¹1527

n.²1769

adj.1773

单词	swindling
释义	† swindlingn.¹ Forms: 1500s swyndelynge. Etymology: < German schwindeln to feel dizzy or giddy (see swindler n.) + -ing suffix¹. Compare swindle n.²Compare German Schwindelung , in the same sense (Old High German swintilunga , Middle High German swindelunge ; now rare, the usual word being Schwindel swindle n.²). Obsolete. rare. Vertigo or dizziness. Cf. swindle n.² ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > vertigo > [noun] dizzinessc900 swimeOE swinglingc1000 turningc1230 turngiddya1382 giddiness1398 turngiddiness1398 vertiginyc1400 turn-sick?c1450 swindling1527 vertigo1528 swimming1530 swindle1559 turnsickness1559 duseling1561 whirling1561 turn-sick giddiness1577 megrim1595 vertiginousness1599 whimsya1627 tiegoa1640 lightheadedness1645 swimmering1650 swim1817 swirling1825 swimminess1894 1527 L. Andrewe tr. H. Brunschwig Vertuose Boke Distyllacyon sig. Kiv^v [It] is good agaynste the swyndelynge in the hede [Ger. fur das schwindlen in dem houpt]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2020). swindlingn.² Brit. /ˈswɪndl̩ɪŋ/, /ˈswɪndlɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈswɪnd(ə)lɪŋ/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: swindle v., -ing suffix¹. Etymology: < swindle v. + -ing suffix¹. Compare earlier swindling n.¹ 1. The use of deception, trickery, etc., to obtain or take something, esp. money; fraudulent activity of this type. Also more generally: the duping, tricking, or deceiving of someone; lies, trickery. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > defrauding or swindling > [noun] defraudc1450 defraudationc1503 fraudingc1530 defrauding1548 cheateryc1555 cheatingc1555 versing1591 begeckc1600 sharking1602 shaving1606 rooking1635 defraudment1645 emunging1664 prowlerya1670 bilking1687 sharping1692 mace1742 fineering1765 swindling1769 highway robbery1777 macing1811 flat-catching1821 ramping1830 swindlery1833 rigging1846 diddlinga1849 suck-in1856 daylight robbery1863 cooking1873 bunco-steering1875 chousing1881 fiddling1884 verneukery1896 padding1900 verneukering1900 bobol1907 swizzle1913 ramp1915 swizz1915 chizzing1948 tweedling1975 1769 St. James's Chron. 12–14 Dec. Yet it [sc. the Note] was drawn by a Person from Chatham who did not live there, and merely an Artifice to raise Money, and in the very Spirit of what is called Swindling. 1842 J. D. Hammond Hist. Polit. Parties in State of N.-Y. I. xxv. 527 Here is another instance of a senator elected, professing to belong to one party and immediately or shortly after, declaring himself to be of the other. This is a sort of political swindling. 1869 J. E. T. Rogers in A. Smith Inq. Wealth Nations (new ed.) I. ii. ii. 326 (note) Free trade in banking, it has been wisely and wittily said, is free trade in swindling. 1959 Life 20 July 22/3 Brilliant Lowell Birrell had turned to swindling—massively, almost openly and, for a time, undetected. 2008 ‘R. Keeland’ tr. S. Larsson Girl with Dragon Tattoo ii. 29 The swindling of a client had been accomplished through creative bookkeeping. 2. An act or instance of this; a fraudulent transaction or scheme, or (more generally) a lie or trick; = swindle n.³ 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > defrauding or swindling > [noun] > instance or piece of lurch1533 fool-finder1685 chouse1708 swindle1778 swindling1814 do1821 shave1834 steal1872 fiddle1874 diddle1885 ramp1888 tweedle1890 take-down1892 window dressing1892 gyp1898 bobol1907 flanker1923 hype1926 have-on1931 chizz1953 scam1963 rip-off1968 rip1971 1814 Niles' Weekly Reg. 20 Aug. 462/1 Lord Cochrane has been convicted of a ‘hoax,’ by which he made great swindlings in the funds. 1876 Ladies' Repository May 477/1 Passion for money leads to thefts, robbings, cheating, forgery, and all manner of swindlings. 1901 Rep. Industr. Comm. XI. 5 in U.S. Congress. Serial Set (57th Congr., 1st Sess.: House of Representatives Doc. 180) LXXIV This legislation is..a swindling of the farmers and planters and other agricultural interests. 1972 A. R. Myers London in Age of Chaucer iii. 150 Sometimes the impostures and swindlings were elaborate. 2003 Guardian (Nexis) 8 Mar. 26 Norman doesn't really talk to Africans, except in confrontation or in mutual swindlings. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). swindlingadj. Brit. /ˈswɪndl̩ɪŋ/, /ˈswɪndlɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈswɪnd(ə)lɪŋ/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: swindle v., -ing suffix². Etymology: < swindle v. + -ing suffix². 1. Involving or characterized by swindling; of the nature of or constituting a swindle; fraudulent, dishonest.Some examples may be interpreted as attributive uses of swindling n.² ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > defrauding or swindling > [adjective] sharking1613 bubble1763 swindling1773 1773 Morning Chron. 18 Aug. This respectable stile being applied to many Bankrupts of the Jewish sect, and Christian denomination, who were never known upon the 'Change, nor kept any warehouse but in the swindling, collusive way. 1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas III. vii. xii. 163 He declared his..abhorrence of becoming a party..in a mere swindling trick. 1857 Chamber's Jrnl. 26 Dec. 401/2 Pussy's..inventive and rather swindling ingenuity transforms him [sc. Whittington] at length into a veritable Marquis de Carrabas. 1879 ‘G. Eliot’ Theophrastus Such xvi. 283 His name for virtue served as an effective part of a swindling apparatus. 1935 J. B. Cabell Smith xxx. 187 If only you can find an honorable way, or even a swindling way. 2003 Morning Star (Nexis) 8 Feb. 9 Mobile operator Hutchinson 3G is set to show up the swindling nature of privatised telecommunications..when it announces a ‘revolutionary’ approach to the sale of the brain-rotting phones. 2. That engages in swindling, designating a swindler; acting or dealing in a fraudulent or dishonest manner. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > defrauding or swindling > [adjective] > defrauding or swindling cheatingc1555 sharking1608 shaving1611 rooking1631 sharping1691 black-legged1761 swindling1774 managed1810 cooked1849 bunco-steering1875 blue sky and hot air1905 blue skies1925 1774 Craftsman 7 May One of the noted swindling gentry went on Saturday last to a gentlewoman who has a house near Whitehall. 1809 J. Adams Let. 16 Feb. in Wks. (1854) IX. 610 Our medium is depreciated by the multitude of swindling banks. 1864 E. Sargent Peculiar viii. 57 Pride in all those habitudes..which separated us so immeasurably from the peddling and swindling Yankee nation. 1928 A. Huxley Point Counter Point xiv. 270 Burlap had been right, even though he was a charlatan, a sort of swindling thimble-rigger of the emotions. 1989 J. Barnes Hist. World in 10½ Chapters vi. 152 The absconding muleteer, the swindling innkeeper and the devious custom-house officer were all treated to the same display of unthwartable will. 2014 Daily Herald (Chicago) 6 Mar. v. 1/3 And with that line the audience knows Harold Hill, the swindling con man, has been transformed. Derivatives ˈswindlingly adv. now somewhat rare dishonestly, fraudulently; in a manner which involves swindling or dishonesty. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > defrauding or swindling > [adverb] sharkingly1659 swindlingly1812 1812 W. Gardiner Catal. Antient & Mod. Bks.: Pt. I App. 79 If, by ‘overcharging’, be meant, ‘describing in false colours, swindlingly’, where is the proof? 1832 Monthly Mag. Sept. 302 Thus we have proved the hollowness and insecurity of this institution, which has swindlingly assumed the name of the United States. 1887 H. W. Daly Digging, Squatting, & Pioneering Life S. Austral. xvi. 171 The break-up of many of the more swindlingly formed enterprises naturally ensued. 1930 Astounding Stories Sept. 314/2 They told me the price—swindlingly exorbitant for the unwary traveller who might wander down here. 1996 Piss Weakend (Univ. New S. Wales) 30 July 16/2 Which of these swindlingly charming household identities have what it takes to be Australia's first president? This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1527n.²1769adj.1773
随便看	frockuniform frodils froe froebelian froebelism froer froes froest froforth frog frog and toad frog belt frog button frog cheese frog colour frog concert frog crab frog dance frog farm frog farming frog fishing frog gang frog grass frog in one's throat frog in the meadow

† swindlingn.1

swindlingn.2

swindlingadj.

Derivatives

† swindlingn.¹

swindlingn.²