syntagmn.
/ˈsɪntam/, U.S. /ˈsɪnˌtæm/ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > non-fiction > treatise or dissertation > [noun] > systematic treatise
syntagma1587
method1589
system1613
syntagm1621
1621 R. Montagu Diatribæ Hist. Tithes 77 In all his [sc. Selden's] Syntagmes, he loueth not to tread or goe in common paths.
1633 W. Ames Fresh Suit against Human Ceremonies i. 149 Polanus writt his partitions [i.e. Partitiones Theologicæ], when he was a young man, and divine, but his Syntagme was his last work.
1658 E. Phillips New World Eng. Words Syntagme, an ordering, disposing, or placing of things together.
1672 A. Marvell Rehearsal Transpros'd i. 7 A bulky Dutchman..contriving those innumerable Syntagmes of Alphabets.
1673 R. Leigh Transproser Rehears'd 107 This is the Syntagm of Calvin's Divinity, and System of our Authors Policy.
1675 J. Smith Christian Relig. Appeal iv. 43 A Romance hansomly exprest by Peter Rhenensis, as he is quoted by Mr. Selden in his Syntagme de aureo vitulo.
1704 H. Dodwell Admonitory Disc. conc. Late Eng. Schism xliv. 207 Those, who rather take their measure of the Christian Doctrines from the Theological Syntagms and Institutions of Modern Writers.
2.
a. Linguistics. A set of linguistic forms in a sequential relationship; esp. a string of syntactically related words. Cf. syntagma n. 4. Also figurative.Frequently opposed to paradigm (paradigm n. 2b): a particular string is a syntagm, while the set of possible realizations of any element in that string is a paradigm. The distinction between syntagm and paradigm was made by the Swiss linguist Ferdinand de Saussure (1857–1913) in lectures delivered at Geneva from 1907 to 1911; these lectures were later compiled from students' notes into the Cours de linguistique générale (1916).See the etymology.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > syntax or word order > syntactic unit or constituent > [noun] > unit with two or more elements
syntagma1937
syntagm1942
1942 Jrnl. Eng. & Germanic Philol. 41 47 The semantic theory of Gombocz is entwined in the philosophy of language..created by Ferdinand de Saussure... There are three types of signs... The syntactic sign or ‘Syntagm’ serves for evoking relations between images.
1947 Word 3 8 A compound sign, i.e. an interrupted sequence of morphemes (no two of which occur simultaneously) is called a syntagm.
1959 W. Baskin tr. F. de Saussure Course Gen. Ling. (1960) ii. v. 123 In discourse,..words..are arranged in sequence on the chain of speaking. Combinations supported by linearity are syntagms. The syntagm is always composed of two or more consecutive units.
1978 ‘A. Burgess’ 1985 99 Our right to debase the language [of love] totally, so that its syntagms become mere noise.
1981 J. Lyons Lang. & Linguistics iii. 96 The syntagmatic relations that determine the phonological well-formedness of possible combinations: i.e. phonological syntagms.
2010 R. Kreyer Introd. Eng. Syntax i. 7 Paradigmatic relations are those between one word or string of words in a given syntagm and other words or strings of words of the same language.
b. Semiotics. An ordered combination of signifiers forming a meaningful whole.
ΚΠ
1970 E. Leach Lévi-Strauss iii. 48 The term syntagm, as applied to an assemblage of non-verbal signs, corresponds to sentence in a verbal language.
1973 D. Matias tr. C. Metz in Screen Spring 77 The film-maker at each point in the film..has a choice between a limited number of basic combinations..the alternating syntagm, the episodic syntagm, the descriptive syntagm, the ‘single shot’, [etc.].
2002 M. Barnard Fashion as Communication (ed. 2) 91 The normal rules for shirts would be that, in the syntagm of a shirt, one collar from the paradigm of available choices would be chosen.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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