boonn.¹

Brit.

/buːn/, U.S.

/bun/

Forms: Middle English–1600s bone, Middle English bon, (Middle English bune, Middle English bun, Middle English, 1500s boun, Middle English boyn, Middle English boyne), Middle English–1700s boone, (1500s bowne, bound), Middle English– boon.

Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse bón.

Etymology: < Old Norse bón, the etymological correspondent of Old English bén , Middle English bene n., prayer. Through such phrases as ‘ask a boon’, ‘have one's boon’, ‘grant a boon’, taken without analysis, the sense easily passed, by insensible transitions, from ‘prayer’, to ‘favour asked’, ‘favour conferred’, ‘free gift,’ ‘good thing received’. The adjective boon ‘good’ probably aided in this development.Occasionally boon appears to have the sense of ‘good’, but in the earlier instances at least the sense of ‘favour asked’ or ‘conferred’, is more or less apparent. Modern archaists complete the confusion with boon adj.c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 1089 Hade bodyly burne abiden þat bone..His lyf wer loste.c1650 Came you not, &c. 12 in Furniv. Percy Folio I. 254 I haue Land att durham will feitch my hart to boone.1874 J. G. Holland Mistress of Manse xxi. 83 The steps were scaled for boon or bale.1884 J. H. Skrine Under Two Queens ii. 34 Boon we mingle and bane.

†1. A prayer, petition, entreaty, request. Obsolete.

a. A prayer to God, Christ, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > worship > prayer > [noun] > a prayer

boonc1175

orisona1225

prayerc1300

prayc1330

petition?a1400

orationc1440

supplicationc1443

oratioa1586

vote1619

c1175 Lamb. Hom. 63 Ah lauerd god, her ure bone.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 25 Þe seoue bonen inþe Pater noster.

a1300 Cursor Mundi 25306 Hu wath it es to bid þis bun.

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 3947 To ihesu þanne he bad a bone.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 3690 Godd..has herd mi bon.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. ii. 17 Lord of heuen, thou here my boyne [rhyme done]!

1553 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Eneados x. v. 90 Ene..can pray and maid hys bone.

b. A request addressed to a human being; esp. the asking of a favour.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > request > [noun]

wordOE

askc1275

boonc1275

request1395

requisition?a1450

contemplationa1475

regratec1475

requirement1530

interrogation1551

requiry1598

vote1632

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 7441 Þe king uor his fader bone ȝette hire hir bone [? bene].

c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 1592 The kyng assentede to his bone [v.r. boone].

c1440 Gesta Romanorum (1879) 153 He grauntid, that the trespassour shulde aske iij. bonys or he deyde.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 199/2 Bone, a request, requeste.

c1571 E. Campion Two Bks. Hist. Ireland (1963) ii. vii. 103 Her husband assented and accomplisshed her bowne effectually.

1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. Boone, a request.

†2. A request made with authority; a command or order couched in the form of a request. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > command > command or bidding > [noun] > demand > a demand

demandc1290

boonc1300

calla1400

requisition?a1450

plea1598

requiral1611

clarion call?1784

drafta1817

outcry1834

c1300 St. Brandan 631 Ich aros to don his holi bone.

a1400 Cov. Myst. (1841) 28 Why hast thou synnyd so sone, Thus hastyly to brake my bone.

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 826 Agayne þe bone of þe burne þat hit forboden hade.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 505 Sho obeit his bone.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 (1623) iii. ii. 46 Wid. What you command, that rests in me to doe. King. But you will take exceptions to my Boone .

a. transferred. The matter prayed for or asked; esp. in to have one's boon, to grant one his boon. (Cf. use of prayer, request.) Obsolete or archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > request > [noun] > that which is asked for

boonc1175

prayera1425

petitionc1451

c1175 Lamb. Hom. 37 Ȝif þu wult habben bone to drihten.

c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 2337 God..sende the thyn bone.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8414 He yatte hir freli al hir bone.

c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1811 Mars hath his wyl, his knyght hath al his boone.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 43 Bone, or graunte of prayer.

1488 W. Caxton Chastysing of Goddes Chyldern 95 Thou shalt haue thy askynge and thy boone.

a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 60/1 God loued her better, then to graunt her her bone.

1645 J. Milton Tetrachordon 50 If the law come downe..to grant lust his boon.

1823 W. Scott Peveril I. v. 141 Cousin, you must grant me my boon.

b. A thing asked as a favour; a favour (asked for). archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [noun] > graciousness > favour or grace > instance or act of

douthOE

wel-dedeOE

gooddeedOE

boonc1175

fordeedc1230

gracec1300

good turna1375

gratitude?a1513

gratuity1523

favour1605

vouchsafement1629

veniality1655

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 7606 Drihhtin haffde ȝatedd himm Þatt bone þatt he ȝeorrnde.

c1305 Pilate 229 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 117 Grante me ane bone, Ȝif me an appel to ete.

c1400 Ywaine & Gaw. 2790 The yonger mayden than alsone Of the King askes this bone.

c1440 York Myst. xviii. 36 Þis bone of þe I crave.

1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) xxiii. 43 I pray yow alle..to graunte me a bone & a yefte.

1575 R. B. Apius & Virginia sig. Diij Then tender your childe, that craueth this bound.

1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus ii. iii. 289 Vpon my feeble knee, I beg this boone, with teares not lightly shed.

c1650 Rob. Hood & Fryer 116 A boone, a boone, said the curtall fryer..Give me leave to set my fist to my mouth.

1846 R. C. Trench Notes Miracles xxiii. 336 She has a boon to ask for her daughter.

†c. to pray (one) of a boon. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > request > make a request [verb (intransitive)] > to, of, or upon someone

clepec825

cryc1290

to pray (one) of a boon1393

to call on ——a1400

to seek on (also upon)a1400

to call upon ——c1405

sue1405

supplicate1417

peala1425

labour1442

to make suit1447–8

supply1489

suit1526

appeal1540

apply1554

incalla1572

invocate1582

beg1600

palaver1859

1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 207 He..praid him of a bone, To se this Custe.

c1440 Gesta Romanorum (1879) 411 I pray the,..of a bone, that thou wilte herborow me this nyght.

1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 33 I pray you of a bone, that I may to fore you alle make my confession.

4. A favour, a gift, a thing freely or graciously bestowed:

a. in response to asking. archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > giving > gift or present > [noun] > grant or boon > asked for

boona1500

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxviii. 371 Sende vs, Lord, thi blissid bone.

c1520 Adam Bel 509 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) II. 160 Madame, ye myght have asked a bowne, That shuld have ben worth them all three.

1630 W. Prynne God no Impostor (rev. ed.) 30 We deserue no boone, no fauor at his hands.

1712 J. Arbuthnot John Bull Still in Senses x. 47 What art thou asking of them, after all? Some mighty Boon..!

1839 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VI. 319 A boon like that which Aristotle had obtained from Philip.

b. without the notion of asking. In 17th cent. applied to a largess, gratuity or present; but now only figurative and archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > giving > gift or present > [noun] > grant or boon > not asked for

boona1661

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Northampt. 285 The Queen..seldome gave boons, and never forgave due debts.

1677 A. Marvell Season. Argument in Wks. (1776) II. 558 He..has got by boones, at several times..3000l.

1677 A. Marvell Season. Argument in Wks. (1776) II. 579 A boon given him in the excise which he sold for 13500l.

1679 S. Pepys Diary VI. 130 I have never..done it to the obtaining sixpence from the Crown by any boon extraordinary.

1737 R. Glover Leonidas i. 11 The choicest boons of fate.

1830 I. D'Israeli Comm. Life Charles I III. viii. 161 The Earl..had accepted with difficulty, the boon of his freedom.

1854 R. C. Trench Hulsean Lect. (ed. 3) viii. 290 The gods had no better boon for him than an early death.

†c. Grace, favour. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > giving > gift or present > [noun] > grace, favour, or special gift

boon1820

1820 J. Keats Eve of St. Agnes in Lamia & Other Poems 95 Down she knelt for heaven's grace and boon.

1820 J. Keats Isabella in Lamia & Other Poems 58 Of thee we now should ask forgiving boon.

5. A gift considered with reference to its value to the receiver; a benefit enjoyed, blessing, advantage, a thing to be thankful for: sometimes without even the notion of giving, but always with that of something that one has no claim to, or that might have been absent. (The usual current sense.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > advantage > [noun] > an advantage, benefit, or favourable circumstance > a benefit > that makes happy or prosperous

benedicitea1300

blessing1340

felicityc1385

boon1767

1767 T. Hutchinson Hist. Province Massachusets-Bay, 1691–1750 i The charter of Massachusets was not so great a boon.

1820 J. Keats Eve of St. Agnes in Lamia & Other Poems 102 An elfin-storm from faery land, Of haggard seeming, but a boon indeed.

1855 M. F. Maury Physical Geogr. Sea (1860) iii. §185 The presence of the warm waters of the Gulf Stream..is a great boon to navigation.

1856 B. Brodie Psychol. Inq. (ed. 3) I. App. 270 The inestimable boon of articulate language.

1876 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People (1882) iii. §3. 124 The boon of free and unbought justice was a boon for all.

6. An unpaid service due by a tenant to his lord. Cf. ‘benevolence’. Obsolete exc. dialect.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > service > feudal service > [noun]

servicec1300

servagec1400

servitudec1500

serviceage1601

reddendoa1630

render1647

boon1656

1656 R. Sanderson 20 Serm. 390 Racking their rents, taking in their commons, overthrowing their tenures, diminishing their wages, encreasing their boones.

1703 Bp. T. Wilson in J. Keble Life T. Wilson: Pt. I (1863) v. 194 To leave all such carriages, Boones and services on the same foot as already provided for by Law.

1855 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Yorks. Words 18 Boon, a stated service rendered to the landlord by the tenant.

Compounds

C1.

boon-day n.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > service > feudal service > [noun] > day(s) of

wood-bone1524

bind-days1664

boon-day1679

1679 T. Blount Fragmenta Antiquitatis 153 The custom was here for the Natives and Cottagers to plow and harrow for the Lord, and to work one boon-day for him every week in Harvest.

1788 W. Marshall Rural Econ. Yorks. I. 44 Tenant agrees..to perform the customary leadings, or boondays.

1863 J. C. Atkinson Provinc. Danby (at cited word) Boon-days.

boon-man n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > farmer > [noun] > farm worker > as payment of rent

boon-man1727

1727 Bp. T. Wilson in J. Keble Life T. Wilson: Pt. II (1863) xx. 680 The boon-men i.e. they who owe him rent in the way of work.

boon-work n.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > service > feudal service > [noun] > specific service

bedrip1226

needbedripc1284

sorren1289

penny-eartha1300

corvée1340

plough-boon1388

timber-lodec1400

carriage1423

sickle-boon1438

foreign servicea1475

average1489

castle-guard1576

boonage1610

reaping day1657

reap day1663

archery1691

boon-work1883

bene-rip-

1883 F. Seebohm Eng. Village Community 78 Precariæ or boon-work, i.e. special work at request.

C2.

boon-ploughing n. a day's ploughing given gratuitously to a farmer by his neighbours on a special occasion.

ΚΠ

1886 Carlisle Jrnl. 23 Feb. 2/4 Boon Ploughing at Burgh.

boon-loaf n. a loaf allowed to a tenant when working on a boon-day.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > loaf > [noun] > other types of loaf

white loafeOE

barley loafc950

French loafc1350

pease loafc1390

penny loaf1418

jannock?a1500

household loaf1565

boon-loaf1679

farmhouse loaf1795

cottage loaf1829

potato loaf1831

sod1836

Coburg1843

sweet roll1851

stale1874

Hovis1890

Sally Lunn1901

bloomer loaf1937

wholemeal1957

baguette1958

1679 T. Blount Fragmenta Antiquitatis 143 Every plow was to be allowed four boon-loaves.

boon-shearing n. a day's shearing given gratuitously to a farmer by his neighbours on a special occasion.

ΚΠ

1875 Lanc. Gloss. (E.D.S.) Boon-shearin (N. Lanc.), a quantity of shearing given as in the case of a boon-ploo [= boon-ploughing].

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

boonn.²

Forms: Middle English bon(e, Middle English–1500s bunne, 1800s boon: see also bun n.¹

Etymology: Of unknown etymology: see bun n.¹

The stalk of flax or hemp after the fibre has been removed; the stalks of cow-parsnip and other umbelliferous plants.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > yielding fibre, thatching, or basket material > [noun] > stalk or core of hemp or flax plant

bunc1400

boona1425

stalk1577

shove1688

sheave1797

a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Isa. i. 31 Ȝoure strengthe schal be as a deed sparcle of bonys [v.r. stobil], ether of herdis of flex.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 277 Kyx, or bunne, or drye weed.

1615 G. Markham Eng. House-wife (1649) 182 All the loose buns and shivers that hang in the hemp or flaxe.

1838 Penny Cycl. X. 305 The flax plants are passed between these cylinders..and the stalk, or boon, as it is technically called, is by this means completely broken without injuring the fibres.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

boonadj.adv.

Brit.

/buːn/, U.S.

/bun/

Forms: Middle English–1800s bon, Middle English–1600s bone, Middle English bonne, (1500s boun), 1500s–1600s boone, (1600s boune), Middle English– boon.

Etymology: < Old French bon, bone good: used especially in what were originally French phrases (e.g. bone chere , bon sire , bone order , bon voiage , bone fortune , etc.), but to some extent in general English use from 14th to 17th centuries; after 1600 it seems to have been consciously recognized as French, and gradually dropped, except in senses A. 3, A. 4 In sense A. 3 it was probably associated with the English boon n.¹, in its later sense of ‘favour, benefaction, good gift’.

A. adj.

†1. Good, goodly. Obsolete (in 17th cent.)

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > [adjective]

goodOE

winlyOE

snella1000

winc1275

boonc1325

cleana1375

tidya1375

positivea1398

comelyc1400

kindc1400

kindly?a1425

well-formeda1425

trim?a1513

wally?a1513

bonnya1525

delicatea1533

goodlike1562

sappy1563

bein1567

rum1567

benedict1576

warrantable1581

true (also good, sure) as touch1590

goodlisomea1603

respectable1603

clever1738

amusing1753

plummy1787

bone1793

brickish1843

mooi1850

ryebuck1859

spandy1868

greatisha1871

healthy1878

popular1884

beefy1903

onkus1910

quies1919

cushty1929

high-powered1969

not shabby1975

c1325 Coer de L. 1540 They come to cyte boon.

c1384 G. Chaucer Hous of Fame 1022 Seint Iulian! lo, bon hostelle!

c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 28 He schal loke on oure lorde with a bone chere.

c1425 Seven Sages (P.) 1013 Maugré have thow, bone sire.

a1500 (?a1400) Sir Torrent of Portyngale (1887) l. 2043 Of speche he is full bone.

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. cccxcix. 692 Euery man drewe in bone order into the feldes.

1537 tr. H. Latimer Serm. to Clergie sig. E.ii^v Let vs all make bon chere [1635 good cheer].

1617 J. Taylor Three Weekes Observ. in Wks. (1630) iii. 78/1 Four pots of boone beere as yellow as gold.

a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) 302 Nicolaus Damascenus; a great Orator and boon pleader.

1680 W. de Britaine Humane Prudence xxiii. 75 I am of that boon Courage.

†2. Advantageous, fortunate, favourable, prosperous: esp. in the once universal phrase boon voyage prosperous journey, also figurative good success. Hence, to drink upon or in boon voyage. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > prosperity > [adjective] > characterized by prosperity

wealthfula1400

boona1513

summer1592

sunshine1594

palmy1604

white?1614

booming1879

boomy1888

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccx. f. cxxxi One broughte forthe a bolle full of Mede..to drynke vpon bon vyage.

1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 424/1 Drinking one to an other in bon viage of the spoyl of them whom they soulde take as their prisoners.

1590 R. Greene Neuer too Late i. 6 I may wish boone fortune to thy iourney.

1631 T. Heywood Fair Maid of West: 1st Pt. iv. 46 Quaffe unto the health of our boone voyage.

1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ i. iii. 5 The return of Sir Walter Raleigh from..the South parts of America, which at first was like to be such a hopefull boon Voyage.

1657 S. Purchas Theatre Flying-insects 329 These cunning Philosophers..can..with Judas embrace a man with a courtly boone-congee, and at parting cut a mans throat.

1680 R. L'Estrange tr. Erasmus 20 Select Colloquies iii. 51 After this, a swinging Glass was put about, to the Bon Voyage.]

3. Gracious, bounteous, benign; = Latin almus, alma. poetic.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > social event > a merrymaking or convivial occasion > merrymaker > [adjective]

merrya1350

revellingc1450

jolly1484

goodfellow-like1542

good-fellowly1573

jovial1607

jovialist1610

boona1612

merrymaking1616

festive1744

convivial1754

good-fellowish1839

rig-a-dig1851

the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [adjective] > gracious

holdc893

winsomec900

goodlyOE

esteOE

menskful?c1225

courteousc1290

besekandlika1300

buxom1362

graciousa1375

queemfulc1390

nighsomea1400

gainlyc1400

favourablec1503

handsome1528

suave?1553

boona1612

benedictive1660

sneerless1884

a1612 J. Harington Epigrams (1618) ii. 50 Our boone God did benignly heare.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iv. 242 Flours..which..Nature boon Powrd forth profuse.

c1800 H. K. White Poems (1837) 146 But may all nature smile with aspect boon.

1814 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Vision III. xxvii. 125 Its boon influence.

1841 R. W. Emerson Method Nature in Wks. (1875) II. 224 This wasteful hospitality with which boon nature turns off new firmaments.

1869 M. Arnold Switzerland, Farewell xxi How sweet to feel, on the boon air, All our unquiet pulses cease!

a. boon companion n. lit. ‘good-fellow’, used in a jovial bacchanalian sense, transferred to other phrases, and occasionally predicatively: Jolly, convivial.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > social event > a merrymaking or convivial occasion > merrymaker > [noun] > habitual

fellowa1225

goodfellowa1393

Greek1536

boon companion1566

jovialist1596

Ephesian1600

Trojan1600

jolly dog1799

convivialist1810

boonfellow1876

fellow well met1885

jollier1896

1566 T. Drant tr. Horace Medicinable Morall A v He is my bone companion, its he that cheares up me.

1604 Meeting of Gallants sig. C3^v A boone companion lighted amongst good fellowes, as they call good fellowes now a dayes, which are those that can drinke best.

1622 T. Dekker & P. Massinger Virgin Martir ii. sig. D Bacchus..This boone Bacchannalion stinker.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 793 Hight'nd as with Wine, jocond and boon.

1712 J. Arbuthnot Law is Bottomless-pit v. 10 A Boon Companion, loving his Bottle and his Diversion.

1828 E. Bulwer-Lytton Pelham I. xiv. 90 He was also the boonest of companions.

1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. xxxi. 268 The effort of each man to..be very boon and jolly.

1884 Ld. Tennyson Becket i. iii. 61 My comrade, boon companion, my co-reveller.

b. Hence boon companionship n. boonfellow n. (treated as a single word).

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > [noun]

ymonec888

i-mennessec1050

meanc1175

ferredc1200

fellowshipa1225

fellowredc1230

sameningc1230

companyc1275

monec1300

conversationc1340

meanness1340

affinity?c1400

companyingc1443

compernagea1500

frequentation?1520

society1529

convoying1543

companionship1548

companyship1548

combining1552

haunt1552

community1570

unition1584

consociation1593

companionry1595

sodality1602

conversinga1610

converse1610

consorting1611

consociety1624

consociating1625

togetherness1656

association1659

consortiona1682

sociality1758

mixture1764

junction1783

consortation1796

conversancy1798

mingling1819

companionage1838

boon companionship1844

mateship1849

society > leisure > social event > a merrymaking or convivial occasion > merrymaker > [noun] > habitual

fellowa1225

goodfellowa1393

Greek1536

boon companion1566

jovialist1596

Ephesian1600

Trojan1600

jolly dog1799

convivialist1810

boonfellow1876

fellow well met1885

jollier1896

1844 B. Disraeli Coningsby I. i. v. 59 All the resources of boon companionship.

1876 G. Meredith Beauchamp's Career II. ix. 171 A good friend and not a bad boonfellow.

†B. adv.

Well, gently, favourably.Old Song, ‘Oh! firm as Oak’, While boon the wind blows, And smooth the tide flows.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

boonv.

Forms: Also 1600s beun.

Etymology: < boon n.¹

Obsolete or dialect.

†1. To pray for, ask as a boon. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > request > request or ask for [verb (transitive)] > a thing of a person > ask for a favour

boonc1175

require?c1425

thig?c1450

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 5223 Lef faderr icc þe bone. Ȝiff me nu þatt twifalde gast.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 694 Þatt zacariass godess preost..O drihhtin haffde bonedd.

2. transitive. to boon away: to give away in boons.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > giving > give [verb (transitive)] > give away

to give awaya1400

to boon awayc1661

c1661 in Harl. Misc. (1746) VIII. 27/1 What was got by Oppression, will be booned away by the King's Liberality.

†3. intransitive. To do boon-work: see boon n.¹ 6.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > service > feudal service > perform feudal service [verb (intransitive)]

suea1350

serve1652

boon1691

1691 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Words (ed. 2) 9 To Boon or Beun, to do Service to another as a Landlord.

†4. transitive. To repair (public roads). dialect. Perhaps as one of the chief forms of boon-work: but there may be influence of boon n.¹, boon adj. in other senses.

ΚΠ

1783 Ainsworth's Thes. Linguæ Latinæ (new ed.) i To boon [repair the roads], vias hyeme corruptas æstate reparare.

1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Boon, to repair a highway, ‘I'd hev' all cheches pull'd doon to boon th' roads wi'.’

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

n.¹c1175

n.²a1425

adj.adv.c1325

v.c1175

单词	boon
释义	boonn.¹ Brit. /buːn/, U.S. /bun/ Forms: Middle English–1600s bone, Middle English bon, (Middle English bune, Middle English bun, Middle English, 1500s boun, Middle English boyn, Middle English boyne), Middle English–1700s boone, (1500s bowne, bound), Middle English– boon. Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse bón. Etymology: < Old Norse bón, the etymological correspondent of Old English bén , Middle English bene n., prayer. Through such phrases as ‘ask a boon’, ‘have one's boon’, ‘grant a boon’, taken without analysis, the sense easily passed, by insensible transitions, from ‘prayer’, to ‘favour asked’, ‘favour conferred’, ‘free gift,’ ‘good thing received’. The adjective boon ‘good’ probably aided in this development.Occasionally boon appears to have the sense of ‘good’, but in the earlier instances at least the sense of ‘favour asked’ or ‘conferred’, is more or less apparent. Modern archaists complete the confusion with boon adj.c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 1089 Hade bodyly burne abiden þat bone..His lyf wer loste.c1650 Came you not, &c. 12 in Furniv. Percy Folio I. 254 I haue Land att durham will feitch my hart to boone.1874 J. G. Holland Mistress of Manse xxi. 83 The steps were scaled for boon or bale.1884 J. H. Skrine Under Two Queens ii. 34 Boon we mingle and bane. †1. A prayer, petition, entreaty, request. Obsolete. a. A prayer to God, Christ, etc. ΘΚΠ society > faith > worship > prayer > [noun] > a prayer boonc1175 orisona1225 prayerc1300 prayc1330 petition?a1400 orationc1440 supplicationc1443 oratioa1586 vote1619 c1175 Lamb. Hom. 63 Ah lauerd god, her ure bone. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 25 Þe seoue bonen inþe Pater noster. a1300 Cursor Mundi 25306 Hu wath it es to bid þis bun. c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 3947 To ihesu þanne he bad a bone. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 3690 Godd..has herd mi bon. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. ii. 17 Lord of heuen, thou here my boyne [rhyme done]! 1553 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Eneados x. v. 90 Ene..can pray and maid hys bone. b. A request addressed to a human being; esp. the asking of a favour. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > request > [noun] wordOE askc1275 boonc1275 request1395 requisition?a1450 contemplationa1475 regratec1475 requirement1530 interrogation1551 requiry1598 vote1632 c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 7441 Þe king uor his fader bone ȝette hire hir bone [? bene]. c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 1592 The kyng assentede to his bone [v.r. boone]. c1440 Gesta Romanorum (1879) 153 He grauntid, that the trespassour shulde aske iij. bonys or he deyde. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 199/2 Bone, a request, requeste. c1571 E. Campion Two Bks. Hist. Ireland (1963) ii. vii. 103 Her husband assented and accomplisshed her bowne effectually. 1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. Boone, a request. †2. A request made with authority; a command or order couched in the form of a request. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > command > command or bidding > [noun] > demand > a demand demandc1290 boonc1300 calla1400 requisition?a1450 plea1598 requiral1611 clarion call?1784 drafta1817 outcry1834 c1300 St. Brandan 631 Ich aros to don his holi bone. a1400 Cov. Myst. (1841) 28 Why hast thou synnyd so sone, Thus hastyly to brake my bone. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 826 Agayne þe bone of þe burne þat hit forboden hade. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 505 Sho obeit his bone. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 3 (1623) iii. ii. 46 Wid. What you command, that rests in me to doe. King. But you will take exceptions to my Boone . View more context for this quotation 3. a. transferred. The matter prayed for or asked; esp. in to have one's boon, to grant one his boon. (Cf. use of prayer, request.) Obsolete or archaic. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > request > [noun] > that which is asked for boonc1175 prayera1425 petitionc1451 c1175 Lamb. Hom. 37 Ȝif þu wult habben bone to drihten. c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 2337 God..sende the thyn bone. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8414 He yatte hir freli al hir bone. c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 1811 Mars hath his wyl, his knyght hath al his boone. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 43 Bone, or graunte of prayer. 1488 W. Caxton Chastysing of Goddes Chyldern 95 Thou shalt haue thy askynge and thy boone. a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 60/1 God loued her better, then to graunt her her bone. 1645 J. Milton Tetrachordon 50 If the law come downe..to grant lust his boon. 1823 W. Scott Peveril I. v. 141 Cousin, you must grant me my boon. b. A thing asked as a favour; a favour (asked for). archaic. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [noun] > graciousness > favour or grace > instance or act of douthOE wel-dedeOE gooddeedOE boonc1175 fordeedc1230 gracec1300 good turna1375 gratitude?a1513 gratuity1523 favour1605 vouchsafement1629 veniality1655 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 7606 Drihhtin haffde ȝatedd himm Þatt bone þatt he ȝeorrnde. c1305 Pilate 229 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 117 Grante me ane bone, Ȝif me an appel to ete. c1400 Ywaine & Gaw. 2790 The yonger mayden than alsone Of the King askes this bone. c1440 York Myst. xviii. 36 Þis bone of þe I crave. 1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) xxiii. 43 I pray yow alle..to graunte me a bone & a yefte. 1575 R. B. Apius & Virginia sig. Diij Then tender your childe, that craueth this bound. 1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus ii. iii. 289 Vpon my feeble knee, I beg this boone, with teares not lightly shed. View more context for this quotation c1650 Rob. Hood & Fryer 116 A boone, a boone, said the curtall fryer..Give me leave to set my fist to my mouth. 1846 R. C. Trench Notes Miracles xxiii. 336 She has a boon to ask for her daughter. †c. to pray (one) of a boon. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > request > make a request [verb (intransitive)] > to, of, or upon someone clepec825 cryc1290 to pray (one) of a boon1393 to call on ——a1400 to seek on (also upon)a1400 to call upon ——c1405 sue1405 supplicate1417 peala1425 labour1442 to make suit1447–8 supply1489 suit1526 appeal1540 apply1554 incalla1572 invocate1582 beg1600 palaver1859 1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 207 He..praid him of a bone, To se this Custe. c1440 Gesta Romanorum (1879) 411 I pray the,..of a bone, that thou wilte herborow me this nyght. 1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 33 I pray you of a bone, that I may to fore you alle make my confession. 4. A favour, a gift, a thing freely or graciously bestowed: a. in response to asking. archaic. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > giving > gift or present > [noun] > grant or boon > asked for boona1500 a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxviii. 371 Sende vs, Lord, thi blissid bone. c1520 Adam Bel 509 in W. C. Hazlitt Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) II. 160 Madame, ye myght have asked a bowne, That shuld have ben worth them all three. 1630 W. Prynne God no Impostor (rev. ed.) 30 We deserue no boone, no fauor at his hands. 1712 J. Arbuthnot John Bull Still in Senses x. 47 What art thou asking of them, after all? Some mighty Boon..! 1839 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece VI. 319 A boon like that which Aristotle had obtained from Philip. b. without the notion of asking. In 17th cent. applied to a largess, gratuity or present; but now only figurative and archaic. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > giving > gift or present > [noun] > grant or boon > not asked for boona1661 a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Northampt. 285 The Queen..seldome gave boons, and never forgave due debts. 1677 A. Marvell Season. Argument in Wks. (1776) II. 558 He..has got by boones, at several times..3000l. 1677 A. Marvell Season. Argument in Wks. (1776) II. 579 A boon given him in the excise which he sold for 13500l. 1679 S. Pepys Diary VI. 130 I have never..done it to the obtaining sixpence from the Crown by any boon extraordinary. 1737 R. Glover Leonidas i. 11 The choicest boons of fate. 1830 I. D'Israeli Comm. Life Charles I III. viii. 161 The Earl..had accepted with difficulty, the boon of his freedom. 1854 R. C. Trench Hulsean Lect. (ed. 3) viii. 290 The gods had no better boon for him than an early death. †c. Grace, favour. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > giving > gift or present > [noun] > grace, favour, or special gift boon1820 1820 J. Keats Eve of St. Agnes in Lamia & Other Poems 95 Down she knelt for heaven's grace and boon. 1820 J. Keats Isabella in Lamia & Other Poems 58 Of thee we now should ask forgiving boon. 5. A gift considered with reference to its value to the receiver; a benefit enjoyed, blessing, advantage, a thing to be thankful for: sometimes without even the notion of giving, but always with that of something that one has no claim to, or that might have been absent. (The usual current sense.) ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > advantage > [noun] > an advantage, benefit, or favourable circumstance > a benefit > that makes happy or prosperous benedicitea1300 blessing1340 felicityc1385 boon1767 1767 T. Hutchinson Hist. Province Massachusets-Bay, 1691–1750 i The charter of Massachusets was not so great a boon. 1820 J. Keats Eve of St. Agnes in Lamia & Other Poems 102 An elfin-storm from faery land, Of haggard seeming, but a boon indeed. 1855 M. F. Maury Physical Geogr. Sea (1860) iii. §185 The presence of the warm waters of the Gulf Stream..is a great boon to navigation. 1856 B. Brodie Psychol. Inq. (ed. 3) I. App. 270 The inestimable boon of articulate language. 1876 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People (1882) iii. §3. 124 The boon of free and unbought justice was a boon for all. 6. An unpaid service due by a tenant to his lord. Cf. ‘benevolence’. Obsolete exc. dialect. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > feudal service > [noun] servicec1300 servagec1400 servitudec1500 serviceage1601 reddendoa1630 render1647 boon1656 1656 R. Sanderson 20 Serm. 390 Racking their rents, taking in their commons, overthrowing their tenures, diminishing their wages, encreasing their boones. 1703 Bp. T. Wilson in J. Keble Life T. Wilson: Pt. I (1863) v. 194 To leave all such carriages, Boones and services on the same foot as already provided for by Law. 1855 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Yorks. Words 18 Boon, a stated service rendered to the landlord by the tenant. Compounds C1. boon-day n. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > feudal service > [noun] > day(s) of wood-bone1524 bind-days1664 boon-day1679 1679 T. Blount Fragmenta Antiquitatis 153 The custom was here for the Natives and Cottagers to plow and harrow for the Lord, and to work one boon-day for him every week in Harvest. 1788 W. Marshall Rural Econ. Yorks. I. 44 Tenant agrees..to perform the customary leadings, or boondays. 1863 J. C. Atkinson Provinc. Danby (at cited word) Boon-days. boon-man n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farmer > [noun] > farm worker > as payment of rent boon-man1727 1727 Bp. T. Wilson in J. Keble Life T. Wilson: Pt. II (1863) xx. 680 The boon-men i.e. they who owe him rent in the way of work. boon-work n. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > feudal service > [noun] > specific service bedrip1226 needbedripc1284 sorren1289 penny-eartha1300 corvée1340 plough-boon1388 timber-lodec1400 carriage1423 sickle-boon1438 foreign servicea1475 average1489 castle-guard1576 boonage1610 reaping day1657 reap day1663 archery1691 boon-work1883 bene-rip- 1883 F. Seebohm Eng. Village Community 78 Precariæ or boon-work, i.e. special work at request. C2. boon-ploughing n. a day's ploughing given gratuitously to a farmer by his neighbours on a special occasion. ΚΠ 1886 Carlisle Jrnl. 23 Feb. 2/4 Boon Ploughing at Burgh. boon-loaf n. a loaf allowed to a tenant when working on a boon-day. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > loaf > [noun] > other types of loaf white loafeOE barley loafc950 French loafc1350 pease loafc1390 penny loaf1418 jannock?a1500 household loaf1565 boon-loaf1679 farmhouse loaf1795 cottage loaf1829 potato loaf1831 sod1836 Coburg1843 sweet roll1851 stale1874 Hovis1890 Sally Lunn1901 bloomer loaf1937 wholemeal1957 baguette1958 1679 T. Blount Fragmenta Antiquitatis 143 Every plow was to be allowed four boon-loaves. boon-shearing n. a day's shearing given gratuitously to a farmer by his neighbours on a special occasion. ΚΠ 1875 Lanc. Gloss. (E.D.S.) Boon-shearin (N. Lanc.), a quantity of shearing given as in the case of a boon-ploo [= boon-ploughing]. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online June 2022). boonn.² Forms: Middle English bon(e, Middle English–1500s bunne, 1800s boon: see also bun n.¹ Etymology: Of unknown etymology: see bun n.¹ The stalk of flax or hemp after the fibre has been removed; the stalks of cow-parsnip and other umbelliferous plants. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > yielding fibre, thatching, or basket material > [noun] > stalk or core of hemp or flax plant bunc1400 boona1425 stalk1577 shove1688 sheave1797 a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Isa. i. 31 Ȝoure strengthe schal be as a deed sparcle of bonys [v.r. stobil], ether of herdis of flex. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 277 Kyx, or bunne, or drye weed. 1615 G. Markham Eng. House-wife (1649) 182 All the loose buns and shivers that hang in the hemp or flaxe. 1838 Penny Cycl. X. 305 The flax plants are passed between these cylinders..and the stalk, or boon, as it is technically called, is by this means completely broken without injuring the fibres. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2020). boonadj.adv. Brit. /buːn/, U.S. /bun/ Forms: Middle English–1800s bon, Middle English–1600s bone, Middle English bonne, (1500s boun), 1500s–1600s boone, (1600s boune), Middle English– boon. Etymology: < Old French bon, bone good: used especially in what were originally French phrases (e.g. bone chere , bon sire , bone order , bon voiage , bone fortune , etc.), but to some extent in general English use from 14th to 17th centuries; after 1600 it seems to have been consciously recognized as French, and gradually dropped, except in senses A. 3, A. 4 In sense A. 3 it was probably associated with the English boon n.¹, in its later sense of ‘favour, benefaction, good gift’. A. adj. †1. Good, goodly. Obsolete (in 17th cent.) ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > [adjective] goodOE winlyOE snella1000 winc1275 boonc1325 cleana1375 tidya1375 positivea1398 comelyc1400 kindc1400 kindly?a1425 well-formeda1425 trim?a1513 wally?a1513 bonnya1525 delicatea1533 goodlike1562 sappy1563 bein1567 rum1567 benedict1576 warrantable1581 true (also good, sure) as touch1590 goodlisomea1603 respectable1603 clever1738 amusing1753 plummy1787 bone1793 brickish1843 mooi1850 ryebuck1859 spandy1868 greatisha1871 healthy1878 popular1884 beefy1903 onkus1910 quies1919 cushty1929 high-powered1969 not shabby1975 c1325 Coer de L. 1540 They come to cyte boon. c1384 G. Chaucer Hous of Fame 1022 Seint Iulian! lo, bon hostelle! c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 28 He schal loke on oure lorde with a bone chere. c1425 Seven Sages (P.) 1013 Maugré have thow, bone sire. a1500 (?a1400) Sir Torrent of Portyngale (1887) l. 2043 Of speche he is full bone. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. cccxcix. 692 Euery man drewe in bone order into the feldes. 1537 tr. H. Latimer Serm. to Clergie sig. E.ii^v Let vs all make bon chere [1635 good cheer]. 1617 J. Taylor Three Weekes Observ. in Wks. (1630) iii. 78/1 Four pots of boone beere as yellow as gold. a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) 302 Nicolaus Damascenus; a great Orator and boon pleader. 1680 W. de Britaine Humane Prudence xxiii. 75 I am of that boon Courage. †2. Advantageous, fortunate, favourable, prosperous: esp. in the once universal phrase boon voyage prosperous journey, also figurative good success. Hence, to drink upon or in boon voyage. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > [adjective] > characterized by prosperity wealthfula1400 boona1513 summer1592 sunshine1594 palmy1604 white?1614 booming1879 boomy1888 a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) I. ccx. f. cxxxi One broughte forthe a bolle full of Mede..to drynke vpon bon vyage. 1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 424/1 Drinking one to an other in bon viage of the spoyl of them whom they soulde take as their prisoners. 1590 R. Greene Neuer too Late i. 6 I may wish boone fortune to thy iourney. 1631 T. Heywood Fair Maid of West: 1st Pt. iv. 46 Quaffe unto the health of our boone voyage. 1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ i. iii. 5 The return of Sir Walter Raleigh from..the South parts of America, which at first was like to be such a hopefull boon Voyage. 1657 S. Purchas Theatre Flying-insects 329 These cunning Philosophers..can..with Judas embrace a man with a courtly boone-congee, and at parting cut a mans throat. 1680 R. L'Estrange tr. Erasmus 20 Select Colloquies iii. 51 After this, a swinging Glass was put about, to the Bon Voyage.] 3. Gracious, bounteous, benign; = Latin almus, alma. poetic. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > social event > a merrymaking or convivial occasion > merrymaker > [adjective] merrya1350 revellingc1450 jolly1484 goodfellow-like1542 good-fellowly1573 jovial1607 jovialist1610 boona1612 merrymaking1616 festive1744 convivial1754 good-fellowish1839 rig-a-dig1851 the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [adjective] > gracious holdc893 winsomec900 goodlyOE esteOE menskful?c1225 courteousc1290 besekandlika1300 buxom1362 graciousa1375 queemfulc1390 nighsomea1400 gainlyc1400 favourablec1503 handsome1528 suave?1553 boona1612 benedictive1660 sneerless1884 a1612 J. Harington Epigrams (1618) ii. 50 Our boone God did benignly heare. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iv. 242 Flours..which..Nature boon Powrd forth profuse. View more context for this quotation c1800 H. K. White Poems (1837) 146 But may all nature smile with aspect boon. 1814 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Vision III. xxvii. 125 Its boon influence. 1841 R. W. Emerson Method Nature in Wks. (1875) II. 224 This wasteful hospitality with which boon nature turns off new firmaments. 1869 M. Arnold Switzerland, Farewell xxi How sweet to feel, on the boon air, All our unquiet pulses cease! 4. a. boon companion n. lit. ‘good-fellow’, used in a jovial bacchanalian sense, transferred to other phrases, and occasionally predicatively: Jolly, convivial. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > social event > a merrymaking or convivial occasion > merrymaker > [noun] > habitual fellowa1225 goodfellowa1393 Greek1536 boon companion1566 jovialist1596 Ephesian1600 Trojan1600 jolly dog1799 convivialist1810 boonfellow1876 fellow well met1885 jollier1896 1566 T. Drant tr. Horace Medicinable Morall A v He is my bone companion, its he that cheares up me. 1604 Meeting of Gallants sig. C3^v A boone companion lighted amongst good fellowes, as they call good fellowes now a dayes, which are those that can drinke best. 1622 T. Dekker & P. Massinger Virgin Martir ii. sig. D Bacchus..This boone Bacchannalion stinker. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost ix. 793 Hight'nd as with Wine, jocond and boon. 1712 J. Arbuthnot Law is Bottomless-pit v. 10 A Boon Companion, loving his Bottle and his Diversion. 1828 E. Bulwer-Lytton Pelham I. xiv. 90 He was also the boonest of companions. 1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. xxxi. 268 The effort of each man to..be very boon and jolly. 1884 Ld. Tennyson Becket i. iii. 61 My comrade, boon companion, my co-reveller. b. Hence boon companionship n. boonfellow n. (treated as a single word). ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > association, fellowship, or companionship > [noun] ymonec888 i-mennessec1050 meanc1175 ferredc1200 fellowshipa1225 fellowredc1230 sameningc1230 companyc1275 monec1300 conversationc1340 meanness1340 affinity?c1400 companyingc1443 compernagea1500 frequentation?1520 society1529 convoying1543 companionship1548 companyship1548 combining1552 haunt1552 community1570 unition1584 consociation1593 companionry1595 sodality1602 conversinga1610 converse1610 consorting1611 consociety1624 consociating1625 togetherness1656 association1659 consortiona1682 sociality1758 mixture1764 junction1783 consortation1796 conversancy1798 mingling1819 companionage1838 boon companionship1844 mateship1849 society > leisure > social event > a merrymaking or convivial occasion > merrymaker > [noun] > habitual fellowa1225 goodfellowa1393 Greek1536 boon companion1566 jovialist1596 Ephesian1600 Trojan1600 jolly dog1799 convivialist1810 boonfellow1876 fellow well met1885 jollier1896 1844 B. Disraeli Coningsby I. i. v. 59 All the resources of boon companionship. 1876 G. Meredith Beauchamp's Career II. ix. 171 A good friend and not a bad boonfellow. †B. adv. Well, gently, favourably.Old Song, ‘Oh! firm as Oak’, While boon the wind blows, And smooth the tide flows. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021). boonv. Forms: Also 1600s beun. Etymology: < boon n.¹ Obsolete or dialect. †1. To pray for, ask as a boon. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > request > request or ask for [verb (transitive)] > a thing of a person > ask for a favour boonc1175 require?c1425 thig?c1450 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 5223 Lef faderr icc þe bone. Ȝiff me nu þatt twifalde gast. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 694 Þatt zacariass godess preost..O drihhtin haffde bonedd. 2. transitive. to boon away: to give away in boons. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > giving > give [verb (transitive)] > give away to give awaya1400 to boon awayc1661 c1661 in Harl. Misc. (1746) VIII. 27/1 What was got by Oppression, will be booned away by the King's Liberality. †3. intransitive. To do boon-work: see boon n.¹ 6. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > feudal service > perform feudal service [verb (intransitive)] suea1350 serve1652 boon1691 1691 J. Ray Coll. Eng. Words (ed. 2) 9 To Boon or Beun, to do Service to another as a Landlord. †4. transitive. To repair (public roads). dialect. Perhaps as one of the chief forms of boon-work: but there may be influence of boon n.¹, boon adj. in other senses. ΚΠ 1783 Ainsworth's Thes. Linguæ Latinæ (new ed.) i To boon [repair the roads], vias hyeme corruptas æstate reparare. 1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Boon, to repair a highway, ‘I'd hev' all cheches pull'd doon to boon th' roads wi'.’ This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.¹c1175n.²a1425adj.adv.c1325v.c1175
随便看	yelled-out yelledout yeller yellers yelling yellings yelloch yelloched yelloching yellochs yellow yellow adder's-tongue yellow adder'stongue yellow adle yellow admiral yellow admiral butterfly yellow alert yellow amaranth yellow amber yellow ambird yellow ant yellow archangel yellow around the gills yellow arsenic yellow atrophy

boonn.1

Compounds

boonn.2

boonadj.adv.

boonv.

boonn.¹

boonn.²