taeln.

/teɪl/

Forms: Also 1600s taile, tayel, tayl, thail, thayl, theil, 1600s–1800s tale, 1700s tahel, 1900s tahil; 1600s tay, taye, plural 1500s taes.

Etymology: < Portuguese tael (plural taeis), < Malay tahil, taïl weight. The early tay, taes, etc. represent the Portuguese plural.

1. The trade name for the Chinese liang or ‘ounce’, a weight used in China and the East.In Chinese use the liang varies according to local custom, and to the commodity weighed; but the weight of 1⅓ oz. avoirdupois is fixed by treaty for commercial purposes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > [noun] > unit or denomination of weight > units in China and the Far East

batman1583

picul1588

catty1598

tael1598

kati1727

candareen1745

liang1827

tan1911

1598 W. Phillip tr. J. H. van Linschoten Disc. Voy. E. & W. Indies i. xxv. 44/1 A Tael is a full Ounce and a halfe Portingal waight.

1613 J. Saris Jrnl. in Voy. Japan (1900) 222 Bezar stones are there bought by the Taile..which is one Ounce, and the third part English.

1699 W. Dampier Voy. & Descr. i. vii. 132 Tale make a Bancal, a weight so called.

1854 in R. Tomes Amer. in Japan (1857) 410 The Japanese have a decimal system of weight, like the Chinese, of catty, tael, mace, candareen, and cash, by which articles in general are weighed; but gold and silver are not reckoned above taels.

1902 Encycl. Brit. XXXIII. 813/1 Tahil..Straits Settlements 1¼ oz. av. = 10 chee = 100 hoon.

1908 H. B. Morse Trade Chinese Empire 149 It is necessary always to bear in mind the distinction between the tael of value and the tael of weight.

1947 R. O. Winstedt Malays vi. 112 Soon after the founding of Malacca Chinese annals under 1416 record..that, ‘tin..is cast into small blocks weighing 1 kati 8 tahil or 1 kati 4 tahil official weight... They use these pieces of tin instead of money.’

1972 Straits Times 25 Nov. 15/1 The gold bars, weighing 15 katis seven tahils.

a. Hence, A money of account, originally a tael (in weight) of standard silver, the value of which fluctuates with the price of the metal.The Haikwan tael, i.e. the tael accepted by the Chinese Foreign Custom-house in payment of duties, is the equivalent of 584·85 grains of pure silver (Morse 152). From 1745 to 1860 its value was between 6s. and 7s., in 1864 6s. 8d., in 1900 about 3s., in 1904 2s. 10d.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > money > standards and values of currencies > [noun] > specific monetary units or units of account > specific Chinese

tael1588

candareen1615

mace1615

liang1827

fen1852

avo1919

yuan1921

jiao1949

RMB1970

renminbi1971

1588 R. Parke tr. J. G. de Mendoza Hist. Kingdome of China iii. iv. 61 They giue him foure million..Taes.

1598 J. Davis Voy. & Wks. (1880) 152 Foure Masses makes a Perdaw. Foure Perdawes makes a Tayel.

1613 J. Saris Jrnl. in Voy. Japan (1900) 97 Bantam Pepper..was worth here [i.e. in Japan] at our comming tenne Tayes the Peecull... A Taye is five shillings sterling with them.

1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. J. Albert de Mandelslo in Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors (1669) i. 68 A Theil of Silver.

1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. J. Albert de Mandelslo ii. 106 in Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors Black Lacque, at ten Thails the Picol.

1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. J. Albert de Mandelslo ii. 147 in Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors Forty seven thousand Thayls, or crowns.

1726 G. Shelvocke Voy. round World xvi. 457 They demanded 6000 Tahel.

1745 P. Thomas True Jrnl. Voy. South-Seas 215 Taëls, each of which in our Money comes to about six Shillings and Threepence.

1801 Asiatic Ann. Reg. 1800 Chron. 62/2 His wealth, which..is said to have amounted at the lowest computation, to eighty millions of tales, near twenty-seven millions of pounds sterling.

1901 Empire Rev. 1 394 The land tax is levied upon the cultivable land, and may be put at half a tael or 1s. 6d. per acre.

1908 H. B. Morse Trade Chinese Empire 151 The Haikwan tael..is a purely fictitious and non-existent currency... At no Custom House does any merchant tender Haikwan taels in payment of duties.

b. A Chinese gold coin based on the value of a tael of silver.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > foreign coins > [noun] > Chinese coins

cash1750

li1771

fen1852

tiao1883

yuan1921

tael1926

jiao1949

1926 E. Kann Currency China i. i. 13 Taiping tael gold coin... During the rule of the T‘aipings in Nankin a gold coin was issued there..supposed to represent 25 taels of silver.

1962 R. A. G. Carson Coins 543 A rare tael in gold was also struck in this issue.

1979 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 9 July 4/3 Some Chinese had sufficient savings tucked away in gold taels, the traditional, and sensible, way of saving adopted by many East Asian societies, to bribe officials or simply to pay for the right to escape.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	tael
释义	taeln. /teɪl/ Forms: Also 1600s taile, tayel, tayl, thail, thayl, theil, 1600s–1800s tale, 1700s tahel, 1900s tahil; 1600s tay, taye, plural 1500s taes. Etymology: < Portuguese tael (plural taeis), < Malay tahil, taïl weight. The early tay, taes, etc. represent the Portuguese plural. 1. The trade name for the Chinese liang or ‘ounce’, a weight used in China and the East.In Chinese use the liang varies according to local custom, and to the commodity weighed; but the weight of 1⅓ oz. avoirdupois is fixed by treaty for commercial purposes. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > [noun] > unit or denomination of weight > units in China and the Far East batman1583 picul1588 catty1598 tael1598 kati1727 candareen1745 liang1827 tan1911 1598 W. Phillip tr. J. H. van Linschoten Disc. Voy. E. & W. Indies i. xxv. 44/1 A Tael is a full Ounce and a halfe Portingal waight. 1613 J. Saris Jrnl. in Voy. Japan (1900) 222 Bezar stones are there bought by the Taile..which is one Ounce, and the third part English. 1699 W. Dampier Voy. & Descr. i. vii. 132 Tale make a Bancal, a weight so called. 1854 in R. Tomes Amer. in Japan (1857) 410 The Japanese have a decimal system of weight, like the Chinese, of catty, tael, mace, candareen, and cash, by which articles in general are weighed; but gold and silver are not reckoned above taels. 1902 Encycl. Brit. XXXIII. 813/1 Tahil..Straits Settlements 1¼ oz. av. = 10 chee = 100 hoon. 1908 H. B. Morse Trade Chinese Empire 149 It is necessary always to bear in mind the distinction between the tael of value and the tael of weight. 1947 R. O. Winstedt Malays vi. 112 Soon after the founding of Malacca Chinese annals under 1416 record..that, ‘tin..is cast into small blocks weighing 1 kati 8 tahil or 1 kati 4 tahil official weight... They use these pieces of tin instead of money.’ 1972 Straits Times 25 Nov. 15/1 The gold bars, weighing 15 katis seven tahils. 2. a. Hence, A money of account, originally a tael (in weight) of standard silver, the value of which fluctuates with the price of the metal.The Haikwan tael, i.e. the tael accepted by the Chinese Foreign Custom-house in payment of duties, is the equivalent of 584·85 grains of pure silver (Morse 152). From 1745 to 1860 its value was between 6s. and 7s., in 1864 6s. 8d., in 1900 about 3s., in 1904 2s. 10d. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > standards and values of currencies > [noun] > specific monetary units or units of account > specific Chinese tael1588 candareen1615 mace1615 liang1827 fen1852 avo1919 yuan1921 jiao1949 RMB1970 renminbi1971 1588 R. Parke tr. J. G. de Mendoza Hist. Kingdome of China iii. iv. 61 They giue him foure million..Taes. 1598 J. Davis Voy. & Wks. (1880) 152 Foure Masses makes a Perdaw. Foure Perdawes makes a Tayel. 1613 J. Saris Jrnl. in Voy. Japan (1900) 97 Bantam Pepper..was worth here [i.e. in Japan] at our comming tenne Tayes the Peecull... A Taye is five shillings sterling with them. 1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. J. Albert de Mandelslo in Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors (1669) i. 68 A Theil of Silver. 1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. J. Albert de Mandelslo ii. 106 in Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors Black Lacque, at ten Thails the Picol. 1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. J. Albert de Mandelslo ii. 147 in Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors Forty seven thousand Thayls, or crowns. 1726 G. Shelvocke Voy. round World xvi. 457 They demanded 6000 Tahel. 1745 P. Thomas True Jrnl. Voy. South-Seas 215 Taëls, each of which in our Money comes to about six Shillings and Threepence. 1801 Asiatic Ann. Reg. 1800 Chron. 62/2 His wealth, which..is said to have amounted at the lowest computation, to eighty millions of tales, near twenty-seven millions of pounds sterling. 1901 Empire Rev. 1 394 The land tax is levied upon the cultivable land, and may be put at half a tael or 1s. 6d. per acre. 1908 H. B. Morse Trade Chinese Empire 151 The Haikwan tael..is a purely fictitious and non-existent currency... At no Custom House does any merchant tender Haikwan taels in payment of duties. b. A Chinese gold coin based on the value of a tael of silver. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > coins collective > foreign coins > [noun] > Chinese coins cash1750 li1771 fen1852 tiao1883 yuan1921 tael1926 jiao1949 1926 E. Kann Currency China i. i. 13 Taiping tael gold coin... During the rule of the T‘aipings in Nankin a gold coin was issued there..supposed to represent 25 taels of silver. 1962 R. A. G. Carson Coins 543 A rare tael in gold was also struck in this issue. 1979 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 9 July 4/3 Some Chinese had sufficient savings tucked away in gold taels, the traditional, and sensible, way of saving adopted by many East Asian societies, to bribe officials or simply to pay for the right to escape. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.1588
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