单词 | sylvan |
释义 | sylvansilvann.adj. A. n. One who (or something that) inhabits a wood or forest; a being of the woods. a. Mythology. An imaginary being supposed to haunt woods or groves; a deity or spirit of the woods. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > classical deity > [noun] > nymph > dryad hamadryad1390 Napaea?1553 dryad1555 sylvan1565 wood-nymph1577 sylvester1657 Napaean1753 Napaead1818 tree-nymph1831 1565 A. Golding tr. Ovid Fyrst Fower Bks. Metamorphosis i. f. 3v Satyres, Faunes, and sundry Nymphes, with Syluanes eke beside. 1595 L. B. in E. Spenser Astrophel sig. H4 Ye Siluans, Fawnes, and Satyres, that emong These thickets oft haue daunst after his pipe. ?1614 W. Drummond Sextain: Sith gone is my Delight in Poems Goate-feete Syluans. 1675 T. Shadwell Psyche i Then an Entry danc'd by four Sylvans, and four Dryads, to rustick Musick. a1758 A. Ramsay Yellow haird Laddie ii Silvans and Fairies unseen danc'd around. 1831 W. Scott Count Robert v, in Tales of my Landlord 4th Ser. II. 115 The ancient belief in the god Pan, with his sylvans and satyrs. 1845 B. Disraeli Sybil I. ii. i. 95 Ionic columns of black oak, with a profusion of fruits and flowers, and heads of stags and sylvans. b. A person dwelling in a wood, or in a woodland region; a forester; a rustic. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farmer > [noun] > rustic or peasant tillman940 churla1000 ploughman1223 bondmanc1250 bondc1275 ploughswain1296 countrymanc1300 boundec1320 Hobc1325 charla1400 landmana1400 Jack (John) Upland1402 carlc1405 bowerc1430 peasanta1450 rurala1475 agrest1480 bergier1480 carlleina1500 rustical?1532 ploughboy1544 boor1548 rusticc1550 kern1556 tillsman1561 clown1563 Jocka1568 Jock upalanda1568 John Uponlanda1568 russet coat1568 rustican1570 hind?1577 swain1579 Corydon1581 mountain man1587 Phillis1589 sylvan1589 russeting1597 Joan1598 stubble boy1598 paysan1609 carlota1616 swainling1615 raiyat1625 contadino1630 under-swaina1644 high shoe1647 boorinn1649 Bonhomme1660 high-shoon-man1664 countrywoman1679 villan1685 russet gown1694 ruralist1739 paysanne1748 bauer1799 bonderman1804 bodach1830 contadina1835 agrestian1837 peasantess1841 country jake1845 rufus1846 bonder1848 hayseed1851 bucolic1862 agricole1882 country jay1888 child (son, etc.) of the soil1891 hillbilly1900 palouser1903 kisan1935 woop woop1936 swede-basher1943 the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > [noun] > forester woodyera1100 forester1297 fosterc1405 fostress?1553 sylvan1589 saltuary1674 woodsman1694 green jerkin1826 wood-farmer1831 sylviculturist1887 tree farmer1942 sylviculturalist1971 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > [noun] > dweller in forest or wood forester1513 forestress1513 sylvan1589 woodlander1774 pinelander1838 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie i. xv. 27 The Satyre was pronounced by rusticall and naked Syluanes speaking out of a bush. 1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 146 Daily disturbance from these Sylvans and Mountaineers. 1712 A. Pope tr. Ovid Fable Vertumnus & Pomona in Misc. Poems 130 Her private Orchards wall'd on ev'ry side, To lawless Sylvans all Access deny'd. 1823 W. Scott St. Ronan's Well II. xii. 296 They [sc. two girls] were encountered by a country fellow..up came cousin Francis.., and soon put the sylvan to flight. c. An animal, esp. a bird, living in or frequenting the woods. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > by habitat > [noun] > terrestrial animal > in woods or forests sylvan1612 forester1712 woodlander1774 scrubber1859 the world > animals > birds > defined by habitat > [noun] > land-bird > living in trees, woods, or hedges sylvan1612 forester1630 creeper1661 hedge-bird1884 1612 M. Drayton Poly-olbion xiii. 214 Hunts-vp to the Morne the feath'red Sylvans sing. 1616 W. Browne Britannia's Pastorals II. iii. 74 A little Grove..Where euery morne a quire of Siluans sung. 1831 J. Wilson in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 29 291 Shyest of the winged silvans, the cushat. 1831 W. Scott Count Robert v, in Tales of my Landlord 4th Ser. II. 121 The Sylvan [sc. an orang-outang] looked fixedly upon Count Robert, almost as if he understood the language used to him. d. ? A forest tree, shrub, etc. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > characterized by habitat > [noun] > forest tree sylvan1632 forester1691 forest-tree1712 dryad1823 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. x. 498 Clydes fragrant fields,..Bedeckt with Siluans. 1787 Generous Attachment II. 97 The verdant sylvans. B. adj. 1. a. Belonging, pertaining, or relating to, situated or performed in, associated with, or characteristic of, a wood or woods. (In earliest use of deities or nymphs: see A.) ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > wood or assemblage of trees or shrubs > [adjective] > belonging to, characteristic of, or resembling sylvester1578 sylvana1586 woodish1588 woody1590 wooden1606 sylvestrial1607 sylvestric1623 sylvestrous1653 sylvatical1656 sylvestrious1656 sylvestrian1657 sylvatic1661 forestish1815 sylvestral1858 a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) ii. iv. sig. Q5v A goodly white marble stone, that should seeme had bene dedicated in ancient time to the Siluan gods. a1592 R. Greene Mamillia (1593) ii. sig. N3v The Syluein Nimph Oenone. 1638 A. Cowley Loves Riddle i. sig. B2 May all the Sylvan Deityes Bee still propitious to you. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis ix, in tr. Virgil Wks. 480 If e're my Pious Father for my sake Did grateful Off'rings on thy Altars make; Or I increas'd them with my Silvan toils. 1741 W. Shenstone Judgm. Hercules 57 The silvan choir, whose numbers sweetly flow'd. 1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 66. ⁋9 I once knew a man..who..found himself irresistibly determined to sylvan honors;..he..spent whole days in the woods, pursuing game. 1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake ii. 48 Good hawk and hound for sylvan sport. 1821 W. Scott Kenilworth III. ix. 151 Elizabeth's sylvan dress..was of a pale blue silk. 1831 W. Scott Count Robert iii, in Tales of my Landlord 4th Ser. III. 60 A sylvan man, or native of the woods [sc. an orang-outang]. 1847 L. Hunt Jar of Honey (1848) viii. 104 The Italians identify the pastoral with the sylvan drama. 1885 R. Buchanan Annan Water viii Deep sylvan silence. b. Of woods as a subject of cultivation or observation. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > wood or assemblage of trees or shrubs > [adjective] > belonging to, characteristic of, or resembling > as subject of cultivation sylvan1830 1830 J. G. Strutt Sylva Brit. (rev. ed.) 42 These would form a volume in themselves, a Sylvan Chronicle of times past. 1834 Tait's Edinb. Mag. New Ser. 1 665/1 The new system of silvan-culture introduced by Violaines, for the regeneration of the Royal forests. 2. Consisting of or formed by woods or trees. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > wood or assemblage of trees or shrubs > [adjective] > consisting of or formed by sylvan1594 1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. K As many sortes of shrill breasted birdes, as the Summer hath allowed for singing men in her siluane chappels. ?1615 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses (new ed.) xix. 599 Steepe Parnassus, on whose forehead grow All syluan off-springs round. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 377 So to the Silvan Lodge They came. View more context for this quotation 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Pastorals vi, in tr. Virgil Wks. 26 And all the Silvan reign shall sing of thee. 1785 W. Cowper Task i. 588 The houseless rovers of the sylvan world. a1822 P. B. Shelley Fragm. Unfinished Drama 225 The pillared stems Of the dark sylvan temple. 1857 D. Livingstone Missionary Trav. S. Afr. xii. 212 The islands at a little distance seem great rounded masses of sylvan vegetation. 3. Furnished with, abounding in, or having as its chief feature, woods or trees; wooded, woody. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > fertile land or place > land with vegetation > [adjective] > wooded woodland1351 woody1382 well-woodeda1552 well-timbered1567 wooded1605 nemorous1623 arboreous1664 sylvan1667 timbered1701 wood-bound1710 wood-hung1747 forested1796 wooden1816 clumped1819 clumpy1832 tree-clad1836 loggy1851 treey1852 treeful1855 treed1860 groved1876 woodlanded1945 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iv. 140 Cedar, and Pine, and Firr, and branching Palm, A Silvan Scene. View more context for this quotation 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis xi, in tr. Virgil Wks. 564 To share with me The Silvan Shades. 1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho III. ix. 314 All the charms of sylvan and pastoral landscape. 1798 W. Wordsworth Lines Tintern Abbey in W. Wordsworth & S. T. Coleridge Lyrical Ballads 204 How oft, in spirit, have I turned to thee O sylvan Wye! Thou wanderer through the wood. 1814 W. Scott Waverley I. xxii. 336 The glen widened into a silvan amphitheatre. View more context for this quotation 1866 J. G. Edgar Runnymede iv. 23 The towns assumed a sylvan aspect, and the churches were converted into leafy tabernacles. 1880 Disraeli in Daily News 27 Mar. 6/5 Sylvan scenery never palls. 1883 R. L. Stevenson Silverado Squatters ii. i. 60 The whole neighbourhood..now so quiet and sylvan, was once alive with mining camps. Derivatives sylˈvanity n. /sɪl-/ sylvan quality or character. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > [noun] > unmannerliness > unrefined manners or behaviour villainyc1340 churlhood1382 rudenessc1405 boistousness1526 uplandishness1530 rusticity1531 coarseness1541 loutishnessa1556 grossness1563 boorishness1570 rusticality1572 clownishness1576 bouerie1577 roughness1581 clownery1589 swinishness1591 peasantryc1592 inurbanity1598 community1600 rusticalnessa1603 clownagea1637 wildness1639 vulgarness1642 unpolishedness1652 brutism1687 mismanners1697 unpoliteness1700 brutality1709 mechanicism1710 indelicacy1712 untameness1727 vulgarism1749 vulgaritya1774 shag1785 piggishness1796 cubbishness1828 sylvanity1832 rusticness1838 plebeianness1840 swainishness1854 baboonery1857 yahooism1862 slanginess1865 bucolicism1879 vulgarianism1920 outbackery1961 yobbishness1969 ockerism1974 blokeishness1989 1832 J. Wilson in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 32 852 Manners..full of rurality, or silvanity, or urbanity. 1907 Times 1 July 7/4 Mr. Knight's ‘Sylvanus Urban’..combined the urbanity of a true man of letters with the sylvanity (if it may be called so) of a Yorkshireman. ˈsylvanize v. (transitive) to render sylvan. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > classical deity > [verb (transitive)] > make like a sylph sylphize1802 sylvanize1835 1835 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 37 606 The winds..would..have called from their sleep of years the satyrs to sylvanize the spot again. ˈsylvanly adv. in a sylvan manner or style. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > wood or assemblage of trees or shrubs > [adverb] under the wand?a1500 sylvanly1800 1800 Coleridge in J. W. Robberds Mem. W. Taylor (1843) I. 318 Something very sylvanly romantic. 1844 E. B. Browning Lost Bower xxiv The wild hop..And the large-leaved columbine, Arch of door and window-mullion, did right sylvanly entwine. ˈsylvanry n. sylvan scenery. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > fertile land or place > land with vegetation > [noun] > wooded land wold786 frith?826 woodland869 woodc897 rough1332 foresta1375 firth?a1400 weald1544 bocage1644 parkland1649 bush1780 sylvanry1821 forestry1823 belting1844 rukh1856 treescape1885 bush1912 1821 New Monthly Mag. 2 46 Perch'd upon a green and sunny hill, Gazing upon the sylvanry below. 1901 Pall Mall Gaz. 29 May 1/3 You shall find..quite unsuspected sylvanry in..Kensington Gardens. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1565 |
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