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单词 sylvan
释义

sylvansilvann.adj.

/ˈsɪlvən/
Forms: Also 1500s -ein, 1500s–1600s -ane, (1800s -ain).
Etymology: < French sylvain (only noun; in Marot, 1539, silvans , sylvans plural) or < Latin silvānus , sylvānus (in early use only noun feminine plural silvānae goddesses of the woods), < silva , sylva : see sylva n. and -an suffix. The Latin masculine adjective Silvanus was used as the proper name of a divinity of the fields and forests, identified with Pan, etc.; it has been occasionally anglicized as Silvan, e.g. Milton Comus 268, Il Pens. 134.
A. n. One who (or something that) inhabits a wood or forest; a being of the woods.
a. Mythology. An imaginary being supposed to haunt woods or groves; a deity or spirit of the woods.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > deity > classical deity > [noun] > nymph > dryad
hamadryad1390
Napaea?1553
dryad1555
sylvan1565
wood-nymph1577
sylvester1657
Napaean1753
Napaead1818
tree-nymph1831
1565 A. Golding tr. Ovid Fyrst Fower Bks. Metamorphosis i. f. 3v Satyres, Faunes, and sundry Nymphes, with Syluanes eke beside.
1595 L. B. in E. Spenser Astrophel sig. H4 Ye Siluans, Fawnes, and Satyres, that emong These thickets oft haue daunst after his pipe.
?1614 W. Drummond Sextain: Sith gone is my Delight in Poems Goate-feete Syluans.
1675 T. Shadwell Psyche i Then an Entry danc'd by four Sylvans, and four Dryads, to rustick Musick.
a1758 A. Ramsay Yellow haird Laddie ii Silvans and Fairies unseen danc'd around.
1831 W. Scott Count Robert v, in Tales of my Landlord 4th Ser. II. 115 The ancient belief in the god Pan, with his sylvans and satyrs.
1845 B. Disraeli Sybil I. ii. i. 95 Ionic columns of black oak, with a profusion of fruits and flowers, and heads of stags and sylvans.
b. A person dwelling in a wood, or in a woodland region; a forester; a rustic.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > farmer > [noun] > rustic or peasant
tillman940
churla1000
ploughman1223
bondmanc1250
bondc1275
ploughswain1296
countrymanc1300
boundec1320
Hobc1325
charla1400
landmana1400
Jack (John) Upland1402
carlc1405
bowerc1430
peasanta1450
rurala1475
agrest1480
bergier1480
carlleina1500
rustical?1532
ploughboy1544
boor1548
rusticc1550
kern1556
tillsman1561
clown1563
Jocka1568
Jock upalanda1568
John Uponlanda1568
russet coat1568
rustican1570
hind?1577
swain1579
Corydon1581
mountain man1587
Phillis1589
sylvan1589
russeting1597
Joan1598
stubble boy1598
paysan1609
carlota1616
swainling1615
raiyat1625
contadino1630
under-swaina1644
high shoe1647
boorinn1649
Bonhomme1660
high-shoon-man1664
countrywoman1679
villan1685
russet gown1694
ruralist1739
paysanne1748
bauer1799
bonderman1804
bodach1830
contadina1835
agrestian1837
peasantess1841
country jake1845
rufus1846
bonder1848
hayseed1851
bucolic1862
agricole1882
country jay1888
child (son, etc.) of the soil1891
hillbilly1900
palouser1903
kisan1935
woop woop1936
swede-basher1943
the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > [noun] > forester
woodyera1100
forester1297
fosterc1405
fostress?1553
sylvan1589
saltuary1674
woodsman1694
green jerkin1826
wood-farmer1831
sylviculturist1887
tree farmer1942
sylviculturalist1971
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > [noun] > dweller in forest or wood
forester1513
forestress1513
sylvan1589
woodlander1774
pinelander1838
1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie i. xv. 27 The Satyre was pronounced by rusticall and naked Syluanes speaking out of a bush.
1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 146 Daily disturbance from these Sylvans and Mountaineers.
1712 A. Pope tr. Ovid Fable Vertumnus & Pomona in Misc. Poems 130 Her private Orchards wall'd on ev'ry side, To lawless Sylvans all Access deny'd.
1823 W. Scott St. Ronan's Well II. xii. 296 They [sc. two girls] were encountered by a country fellow..up came cousin Francis.., and soon put the sylvan to flight.
c. An animal, esp. a bird, living in or frequenting the woods.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > by habitat > [noun] > terrestrial animal > in woods or forests
sylvan1612
forester1712
woodlander1774
scrubber1859
the world > animals > birds > defined by habitat > [noun] > land-bird > living in trees, woods, or hedges
sylvan1612
forester1630
creeper1661
hedge-bird1884
1612 M. Drayton Poly-olbion xiii. 214 Hunts-vp to the Morne the feath'red Sylvans sing.
1616 W. Browne Britannia's Pastorals II. iii. 74 A little Grove..Where euery morne a quire of Siluans sung.
1831 J. Wilson in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 29 291 Shyest of the winged silvans, the cushat.
1831 W. Scott Count Robert v, in Tales of my Landlord 4th Ser. II. 121 The Sylvan [sc. an orang-outang] looked fixedly upon Count Robert, almost as if he understood the language used to him.
d. ? A forest tree, shrub, etc. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > characterized by habitat > [noun] > forest tree
sylvan1632
forester1691
forest-tree1712
dryad1823
1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. x. 498 Clydes fragrant fields,..Bedeckt with Siluans.
1787 Generous Attachment II. 97 The verdant sylvans.
B. adj.
1.
a. Belonging, pertaining, or relating to, situated or performed in, associated with, or characteristic of, a wood or woods. (In earliest use of deities or nymphs: see A.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > wood or assemblage of trees or shrubs > [adjective] > belonging to, characteristic of, or resembling
sylvester1578
sylvana1586
woodish1588
woody1590
wooden1606
sylvestrial1607
sylvestric1623
sylvestrous1653
sylvatical1656
sylvestrious1656
sylvestrian1657
sylvatic1661
forestish1815
sylvestral1858
a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) ii. iv. sig. Q5v A goodly white marble stone, that should seeme had bene dedicated in ancient time to the Siluan gods.
a1592 R. Greene Mamillia (1593) ii. sig. N3v The Syluein Nimph Oenone.
1638 A. Cowley Loves Riddle i. sig. B2 May all the Sylvan Deityes Bee still propitious to you.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis ix, in tr. Virgil Wks. 480 If e're my Pious Father for my sake Did grateful Off'rings on thy Altars make; Or I increas'd them with my Silvan toils.
1741 W. Shenstone Judgm. Hercules 57 The silvan choir, whose numbers sweetly flow'd.
1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 66. ⁋9 I once knew a man..who..found himself irresistibly determined to sylvan honors;..he..spent whole days in the woods, pursuing game.
1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake ii. 48 Good hawk and hound for sylvan sport.
1821 W. Scott Kenilworth III. ix. 151 Elizabeth's sylvan dress..was of a pale blue silk.
1831 W. Scott Count Robert iii, in Tales of my Landlord 4th Ser. III. 60 A sylvan man, or native of the woods [sc. an orang-outang].
1847 L. Hunt Jar of Honey (1848) viii. 104 The Italians identify the pastoral with the sylvan drama.
1885 R. Buchanan Annan Water viii Deep sylvan silence.
b. Of woods as a subject of cultivation or observation. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > wood or assemblage of trees or shrubs > [adjective] > belonging to, characteristic of, or resembling > as subject of cultivation
sylvan1830
1830 J. G. Strutt Sylva Brit. (rev. ed.) 42 These would form a volume in themselves, a Sylvan Chronicle of times past.
1834 Tait's Edinb. Mag. New Ser. 1 665/1 The new system of silvan-culture introduced by Violaines, for the regeneration of the Royal forests.
2. Consisting of or formed by woods or trees.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > wood or assemblage of trees or shrubs > [adjective] > consisting of or formed by
sylvan1594
1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. K As many sortes of shrill breasted birdes, as the Summer hath allowed for singing men in her siluane chappels.
?1615 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses (new ed.) xix. 599 Steepe Parnassus, on whose forehead grow All syluan off-springs round.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 377 So to the Silvan Lodge They came. View more context for this quotation
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Pastorals vi, in tr. Virgil Wks. 26 And all the Silvan reign shall sing of thee.
1785 W. Cowper Task i. 588 The houseless rovers of the sylvan world.
a1822 P. B. Shelley Fragm. Unfinished Drama 225 The pillared stems Of the dark sylvan temple.
1857 D. Livingstone Missionary Trav. S. Afr. xii. 212 The islands at a little distance seem great rounded masses of sylvan vegetation.
3. Furnished with, abounding in, or having as its chief feature, woods or trees; wooded, woody.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > land > landscape > fertile land or place > land with vegetation > [adjective] > wooded
woodland1351
woody1382
well-woodeda1552
well-timbered1567
wooded1605
nemorous1623
arboreous1664
sylvan1667
timbered1701
wood-bound1710
wood-hung1747
forested1796
wooden1816
clumped1819
clumpy1832
tree-clad1836
loggy1851
treey1852
treeful1855
treed1860
groved1876
woodlanded1945
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iv. 140 Cedar, and Pine, and Firr, and branching Palm, A Silvan Scene. View more context for this quotation
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis xi, in tr. Virgil Wks. 564 To share with me The Silvan Shades.
1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho III. ix. 314 All the charms of sylvan and pastoral landscape.
1798 W. Wordsworth Lines Tintern Abbey in W. Wordsworth & S. T. Coleridge Lyrical Ballads 204 How oft, in spirit, have I turned to thee O sylvan Wye! Thou wanderer through the wood.
1814 W. Scott Waverley I. xxii. 336 The glen widened into a silvan amphitheatre. View more context for this quotation
1866 J. G. Edgar Runnymede iv. 23 The towns assumed a sylvan aspect, and the churches were converted into leafy tabernacles.
1880 Disraeli in Daily News 27 Mar. 6/5 Sylvan scenery never palls.
1883 R. L. Stevenson Silverado Squatters ii. i. 60 The whole neighbourhood..now so quiet and sylvan, was once alive with mining camps.

Derivatives

sylˈvanity n. /sɪl-/ sylvan quality or character.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > [noun] > unmannerliness > unrefined manners or behaviour
villainyc1340
churlhood1382
rudenessc1405
boistousness1526
uplandishness1530
rusticity1531
coarseness1541
loutishnessa1556
grossness1563
boorishness1570
rusticality1572
clownishness1576
bouerie1577
roughness1581
clownery1589
swinishness1591
peasantryc1592
inurbanity1598
community1600
rusticalnessa1603
clownagea1637
wildness1639
vulgarness1642
unpolishedness1652
brutism1687
mismanners1697
unpoliteness1700
brutality1709
mechanicism1710
indelicacy1712
untameness1727
vulgarism1749
vulgaritya1774
shag1785
piggishness1796
cubbishness1828
sylvanity1832
rusticness1838
plebeianness1840
swainishness1854
baboonery1857
yahooism1862
slanginess1865
bucolicism1879
vulgarianism1920
outbackery1961
yobbishness1969
ockerism1974
blokeishness1989
1832 J. Wilson in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 32 852 Manners..full of rurality, or silvanity, or urbanity.
1907 Times 1 July 7/4 Mr. Knight's ‘Sylvanus Urban’..combined the urbanity of a true man of letters with the sylvanity (if it may be called so) of a Yorkshireman.
ˈsylvanize v. (transitive) to render sylvan.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > deity > classical deity > [verb (transitive)] > make like a sylph
sylphize1802
sylvanize1835
1835 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 37 606 The winds..would..have called from their sleep of years the satyrs to sylvanize the spot again.
ˈsylvanly adv. in a sylvan manner or style.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > wood or assemblage of trees or shrubs > [adverb]
under the wand?a1500
sylvanly1800
1800 Coleridge in J. W. Robberds Mem. W. Taylor (1843) I. 318 Something very sylvanly romantic.
1844 E. B. Browning Lost Bower xxiv The wild hop..And the large-leaved columbine, Arch of door and window-mullion, did right sylvanly entwine.
ˈsylvanry n. sylvan scenery.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > land > landscape > fertile land or place > land with vegetation > [noun] > wooded land
wold786
frith?826
woodland869
woodc897
rough1332
foresta1375
firth?a1400
weald1544
bocage1644
parkland1649
bush1780
sylvanry1821
forestry1823
belting1844
rukh1856
treescape1885
bush1912
1821 New Monthly Mag. 2 46 Perch'd upon a green and sunny hill, Gazing upon the sylvanry below.
1901 Pall Mall Gaz. 29 May 1/3 You shall find..quite unsuspected sylvanry in..Kensington Gardens.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.adj.1565
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