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单词 tableau
释义

tableaun.int.

Brit. /ˈtabləʊ/, U.S. /ˌtæˈbloʊ/, /ˈtæˌbloʊ/
Inflections: Plural (pronounced same or /z/) tableaux, tableaus.
Origin: A borrowing from French. Probably also partly formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymons: French tableau ; tableau vivant n.; French tableau vivant.
Etymology: < French tableau target for a spear (c1280 in Old French as tabliau ), picture, painting (1355 in Middle French), table, list (1549 in Middle French), vivid or picturesque scene (1559 in Middle French), vivid or picturesque description (1612), representation of the action at some (critical) stage in a play, created by the actors suddenly holding their positions (1758; 1881 as interjection drawing attention to a dramatic scene or situation), group of people or objects positioned to form a vivid or picturesque scene (although this is apparently first attested slightly later: 1782 or earlier) < table table n. + -eau -el suffix2. In sense 2c probably independently shortened < tableau vivant n. or its etymon French tableau vivant; French tableau is apparently not recorded in dictionaries in this sense before the late 20th cent. Sense 4 is apparently not paralleled in French.In plural form tableaux after the French plural form.
1. A vivid or picturesque scene or description; (also) a picture, a painting.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > [noun] > a painting
painting?c1225
painturec1230
paintryc1454
colouring1624
tableau1660
limning1689
paintc1710
tablature1713
1660 G. Mackenzie Aretina iii. 303 Thus Nature..became enraged at these villains, for breaking that Tableau which she had distinated as a remembrance of her exquisit skill to all ages.
1699 M. Lister Journey to Paris (new ed.) 39 The History of Maria of Medicis is Painted by Rubens... The Allegoric assistants in all the Tableaux are very airy and fancifully set out.
1772 P. H. Treyssac de Vergy Lovers II. iii. 10 As the virtuosi go to Italy for tableaux and antiques, men and women must come to us for their deportment and manners.
1797 Monthly Mag. Jan. 52 He determined to blend, in a single tableau, all the different colourings of truth which he had long before pourtrayed distinctively.
1801 H. Fuseli Lect. Painting I. iii. 141 The massacre of the infants by Baccio Bandinelli..is a complicated tableau of every contorsion of human attitude.
1855 H. R. Schoolcraft Let. 19 Dec. in S. Longfellow Life H. W. Longfellow (1891) II. xi. 301 I am free to say that by exhibiting these fresh tableaux of Indian life you have laid the reading world under great obligations.
1886 F. Harrison Choice Bks. iii. 54 They epitomise civilisation in a regular series of striking tableaux of the past.
1936 Times 17 Mar. 63/1 A grand view of the Andes is obtained, and the multi-coloured appearance of the peaks presents a magnificent tableau.
1987 E. Sedgwick Tendencies (1993) 211 The move from the childish ‘lyric’ tableau of shame, exhibition, and misrecognized fury to the more adult ‘narrative’ pseudolinearity.
2004 S. M. Wolfe Unveiling xii. 85 The central panel was a coherent tableau of color and movement.
2.
a. A group of people or objects positioned so as to form a vivid or picturesque scene.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > thing seen > [noun] > scene > picturesque
tableau1774
tableau vivant1821
the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > pleasing appearance > [noun] > picturesqueness > picturesque thing or quality
picturesque1749
tableau1774
picturesquerie1962
1774 Child of Nature I. xxv. 215 They are necessary figures to form the ensemble of a tableau, which folly and opinion, the creators of our characters, require to be full of variety.
1813 R. Wilson Private Diary II. 458 [In the battle of Leipzig] the whole arrangement and execution were perfect, presenting the grandest tableau ever contemplated.
1867 S. W. Baker Nile Tributaries Abyssinia viii. 190 All now halted, and gazed stedfastly in our direction, forming a superb tableau.
1902 Westm. Gaz. 10 June 3/2 The most interesting feature of the Museum..is the diorama gallery, in which are shown about a dozen large tableaux of battles.
1955 R. Lindner Fifty-minute Hour 126 Framed in the doorway they faced each other, frozen in a tableau of mutual hatred.
2002 L. Wener Goodnight Steve McQueen xii. 60 We make an odd tableau, the pair of us; hands in pockets, noses pressed up against the plate glass.
b. Theatre. A representation of the action at some stage in a play (esp. a critical one), created by the actors suddenly holding their positions. Also as a stage direction; hence (in extended use) as int., drawing attention to a dramatic scene or situation.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > occurrence > [noun] > occurrence or event > important or decisive
advent1591
dénouement1752
tableau1808
upcome1824
crunch1939
cruncher1947
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > a play > [noun] > other parts of play
narration1586
coup de théâtre1747
tableau1808
sparagmos1949
parabasis1952
society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > narrative or story > fiction > [noun] > plot > episode or situation > sudden or dramatic
tableau1808
1808 J. N. Barker Indian Princess iii. iv. 70 (stage direct.) The English seize the uplifted arms of the Indians, and form a tableau, as enter Delawar and his party.
1866 F. C. Burnand Latest Ed. Black Eyed Susan ii. ix. f. 30 The door opens. William enters C. Susan. Ah. William! Alive! (Tableau).
1881 P. Fitzgerald World behind Scenes i. 46 The tableaus at the end of each act..were brought about with admirable simplicity.
1894 Westm. Gaz. 18 Oct. 5/2 She overheard a gentleman ask another, pointing to two of the witnesses, ‘Which of those old cats is Mrs. C.?’ Mrs. C. leaned over and said ‘That particular tabby, sir, is behind you’. Tableau!
1904 T. B. Aldrich Judith of Bethulîa iv, in Poems (1907) 492 (stage direct.) The crowd leans forward with outstretched hands, and stands spellbound gazing after Judith. Tableau.
1944 J. R. R. Tolkien Let. 6 Oct. (1995) 95 In a few seconds he was revealed as Roy Campbell... Tableau!
2004 Evening Standard (Nexis) 19 Nov. 39 In the extraordinary closing tableau, actors representing corpses hang upside down on ropes.
c. = tableau vivant n.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > mime > tableau > [noun]
pageantc1450
picture1588
spectacle1752
tableau vivant1821
tableau1828
living picture1851
set piece1859
1828 W. Irving Let. 22 Jan. (1864) II. 276 We had afterwards a tableau of a Sybil by Mademoiselle F.
1862 Baroness Bunsen in A. J. C. Hare Life & Lett. Baroness Bunsen (1879) II. vii. 318 After all possible singing and toasting two tableaux were given.
1924 Capital Times (Madison, Wisconsin) 25 Apr. 2/2 Exemplifying the motto of the club, the tableau will represent ‘Above all is humanity’.
1969 V. G. Kiernan Lords of Human Kind iv. 136 There was a vogue of poses plastiques, and tableaux such as ‘The Sultan's favourite returning from the bath’ were popular.
2004 Daily Mail (Nexis) 10 Nov. 55 The annual tableau is approaching... George Michael..finds himself roped into dressing up as a piece of renaissance art.
3.
a. A table, a list.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > record > list > [noun]
tableOE
scorec1325
billa1340
calendar?a1400
legendc1400
librarya1450
Ragmanc1450
Ragman rollc1450
cataloguea1464
repertory1542
scrowa1545
bedroll?1552
roll1565
file1566
state1582
inventory1589
brief1600
series1601
counter-roll1603
list1604
muster roll1605
cense1615
pinax1625
repertoirec1626
diagram1631
recensiona1638
repertorium1667
vocabulary1694
albe1697
enumeration1725
screed1748
album1753
tableau1792
roll-call1833
shopping list1923
laundry list1958
remainder list1977
society > communication > representation > a plastic or graphic representation > graphic representation > drawing plans or diagrams > [noun] > diagram > tabular form
tableOE
tabling?c1450
tablement1551
chart1792
tableau1792
tabulation1837
plan1855
1792 J. Madison Let. 12 June in J. Catanzariti Papers T. Jefferson (1990) XXIV. 71 When your Tableau of National debts and polls is made out may I ask a copy?
a1798 T. W. Tone Autobiogr. (1828) 266 I was carried on the tableau of the Armée d' Angleterre.
1863 R. Lepsius Standard Alphabet (ed. 2) 75 Comprise the seven classes in a general tableau.
1888 Harper's Mag. May 924/1 Those who, belonging to the fourteen grades of the tchin, or official tableaux of rank, are exempt from certain degrading penalties.
1937 Michigan Law Rev. 35 1099 The tableau of distribution thus fixed is thought to be unaffected by diminution of any one of the debts which originally measured the proportions.
1976 Jrnl. Mod. Hist. 48 255 According to the tableau of the public debt..the annual interest charge of the life annuities at that time was 101.7 million livres.
1991 Canad. Jrnl. Econ. 24 175 The measurable change in the values tableau reveals the labour-saving effect and the measurable change in the prices tableau reveals the cost-reducing effect.
b. Mathematics. = simplex tableau n. at simplex adj. and n. Compounds 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > graph or diagram > [noun] > table
tableOE
time1863
multiplication table1881
operations table1940
simplex tableau1952
tableau1952
1952 Econometrica 20 165 Thus the preceding tableau may be relabeled as in Table II.
1971 D. C. Hague Managerial Econ. (rev. ed.) ix. 186 The rule in the Simplex method is that any variable—that is, any x or any s—which appears on the left-hand edge of the tableau..has a positive value.
1999 SIAM Rev. 41 804 The Simplex method is much more than its tableau representation, and the class of problems to which it applies is much larger than that of linear programs.
4. Cards. The arrangement of the cards in a game of patience.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > patience or solitaire > [noun] > arrangement of cards
tableau1874
1874 A. Cadogan Illustr. Game Patience 1 Having placed the tableau, take any aces that may appear on the surface of the packets and play them in their allotted spaces.
1913 ‘L. Hoffmann’ Sel. Patience Games 5 The first step, in the case of most Patience games, is to arrange a certain number of cards face upwards on the table. The cards thus arranged are known as the ‘lay-out’, or tableau.
1975 Way to Play 147/4 Spaces in the tableau (caused by the removal of an entire fan) remain unfilled.
2002 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 17 Oct. g7 Because all cards are made visible in a tableau of eight columns at the outset, FreeCell is primarily a game of strategy rather than luck.

Compounds

tableau curtain n. Theatre (either of) a pair of curtains drawn apart and upwards by cords fixed to the lower inner corners; cf. tab n.4
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > a theatre > theatrical equipment or accessories > [noun] > curtain
curtain1598
drop1781
iron curtain1794
green curtain1805
greeny1821
tableau curtain1830
drop-curtain1832
rag1848
hipping1858
cloth1881
safety curtain1881
asbestos curtain1890
olio1923
tab1929
sail curtain1941
iron1951
swag1959
1830 R. P. Smith Disowned iii. i. 67 (stage direct.) Tableau curtain falls.
1891 Musical Times 32 532/2 The tableau curtain is of electric blue silk plush, matching the upholstery of the house.
1931 D. G. Mackail Square Circle vi. 190 The velvet tableau-curtains and the cardboard scenery and the new revolving stage.
1999 Leicester Mercury (Nexis) 13 Oct. 10 Upholstery, curtains, carpets and tableau curtains were all copper coloured, with gold decoration.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

tableauv.

Brit. /ˈtabləʊ/, U.S. /ˌtæˈbloʊ/, /ˈtæˌbloʊ/
Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: tableau n.
Etymology: < tableau n.
rare.
1. intransitive. To form a tableau.
ΚΠ
1848 Drawing-room Mag. 1 292 When Ralph entered, the family were tableau-ing, and the fireside group was good and suggestive.
1990 N. Payne in N. Payne & J. Buffong Jump-up-and-kiss-me 18 As we refused to let our audience miss one sentence of the play, we tableaued until they returned.
2. transitive. To make into a tableau.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > mime > tableau > put in tableau [verb (transitive)]
tableau1903
1903 Contemp. Rev. Dec. 873Tableaued’ year by year in the popular Christmas Crib,..the Ass and the Ox, have become only less familiar than the Shepherds.
2006 M. Langford Allegorical Images iii. 107 Schroeter is able to ‘tableau’ a scene by the pausing or holding of a gesture that frames the image from within.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2008; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.int.1660v.1848
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