synodn.

Brit.

/ˈsɪnəd/,

/ˈsɪnɒd/, U.S.

/ˈsɪnəd/

Forms: Middle English–1500s sinod, Middle English–1600s synode, (1500s senod), 1500s–1600s sinode, Middle English– synod.

Etymology: < late Latin synodus, < Greek σύνοδος assembly, meeting, astronomical conjunction, < σύν syn- prefix + ὁδός way, travel; reinforced later by French synode (16th cent.). (Compare Italian sinodo , Spanish sinodo , Portuguese synodo .) Latin synodus was taken into Old English as seonoþ , sionoþ , sinoþ , synoþ ; Layamon's sinað (25338) may represent contamination of the Old English word with Old French senat senate n. See also sene n.³

a. Ecclesiastical. An assembly of the clergy of a particular church, nation, province, or diocese (sometimes with representatives of the laity) duly convened for discussing and deciding ecclesiastical affairs. †In early use frequently applied to general councils.Formerly also, an episcopal or archidiaconal visitation (cf. synodal n. 2).

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > council > [noun]

council1125

sene1380

synoda1387

senyiec1425

synody1548

action1567

sanhedrim1653

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 41 In þis counsail and synod was þe pope Victor.

a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 231 Þe þridde greet synode [v.r. sinod] of þre hondred bisshoppes was i-made at Ephisus.

1485 W. Caxton tr. Thystorye & Lyf Charles the Grete sig. bij^v/1 Charles..returned to Rome. And wyth the Pope adryan he assembled many bysshoppes and abbottes..And in that synode for the grete holynes of charles The pope..gaf hym power for to ordeyne bisshoppes & archebisshops.

1528 T. More Dialogue Heresyes iv, in Wks. 252/1 It is a law synodall made in the vi Sinode.

1545 Act 37 Hen. VIII c. 17 The Bishopp of Rome and his adherentes..have in their counsailes & synodes provinciall made..and decreed diverse ordynances.

1553 T. Becon Relikes of Rome (1563) 213 It was decreed at y^e councell of Nice y^t euery byshop shoulde twice yearelye haue a Synode or Sene general within hys diocesse.

a1600 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie (1648) viii. sig. Cc^v Before Emperours became Christians, the Church had never any generall Synod.

a1601 W. Lambarde Archion (1635) 12 The two Spirituall Synodes of Canterbury and Yorke.

c1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1641 (1955) II. 32 A stately Senat-house wherein was holden that famous Synod against the Arminians 1618.

1661 J. Stephens Hist. Disc. Procur. 66 Of Synods there are found sundry kinds, Oecumenical, National, Provincial, and Diocesan.

1677 Rector's Bk. Clayworth (1910) 30 By order from my Ld. ArchBp I preachd this day to y^e Synod at Southwell.

1768 A. Maclaine tr. J. L. von Mosheim Eccl. Hist. (ed. 2) IV. ii. i. ii. §5. 409 [Peter I of Russia] declared himself the supreme pontif and head of the Russian church. The functions of this high and important office were entrusted with a council assembled at Petersburg,..called the Holy Synod.

1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. xv. 491 Towards the end of the second century, the churches of Greece and Asia adopted the useful institutions of provincial synods.

1845 M. Pattison in Christian Remembrancer Jan. 77 Bringing him to..trial before a synod of bishops for his flagrant infraction of the canon law.

1845 S. Austin tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Reformation in Germany III. 525 In the year 1533 a provincial synod was established in Strasburg, which included various secular elements, together with the spiritual.

1869 Act 32 & 33 Victoria c. 42. §19 Nothing in any Act..shall prevent the bishops, the clergy, and laity of the said [Irish] Church..from meeting in general synod or convention, and in such synod or convention framing constitutions..for the general management..of the said Church.

1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People i. §3. 30 It was the ecclesiastical synods which by their example led the way to our national parliaments.

b. In Presbyterian Churches: A body or assembly of ministers and other elders, constituting the ecclesiastical court next above the presbytery (see presbytery n. 2), and consisting of the members of, or of delegates from, the presbyteries within its bounds.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > ecclesiastical discipline > court > presbyterian > [noun] > synod

synod1593

1593 R. Bancroft Daungerous Positions iii. xiii. 109 Assemblies are eyther Classes, or Synods.

1593 R. Bancroft Daungerous Positions iii. xiii. 110 A Synode is an assembly of chosen men, from moe Churches, then those that be in one Classis, or conference.

1645 E. Pagitt Heresiogr. 66 [The Independents] teach that every particular Congregation ought to be governed by its own particular laws,..without obligation, acknowledg Classes or Synods for its government & conduct.

a1658 J. Cleveland Mixt Assembly 1 Flea-bitten Synod, an Assembly..like the rude Chaos of Presbyt'ry, where Laymen guide With the tame Wool-pack Clergy by their side.

1753 Scots Mag. 15 85/1 A provincial synod is a court consisting of all the ministers of a particular number of presbyteries, and one elder chosen..from each session. They..judge in all..appeals from the presbyteries.

1852 G. B. Earp Gold Colonies Austral. 79 The Presbyterian Church is under the government of the Synod of Australia, and is divided as follows:—Presbytery of Sydney,..Presbytery of Windsor,..Presbytery of Campbelltown,..Presbytery of Maitland.

2. gen. and transferred. An assembly, convention, or council of any kind. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > [noun]

mootOE

councilc1275

mootingc1275

dayc1300

assembly1366

consistoryc1374

house1389

parliamentc1390

convention1554

synodal1573

synod1578

synedrion1581

convenement1603

gemot1643

consessus1646

legislative council1651

national assembly1702

council-general1817

concilium1834

runanga1857

1578 H. Wotton tr. J. Yver Courtlie Controuersie 132 The Councell and Sinode of our Genterie.

1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. (new ed.) f. 47 A shamelesse Sinode of three thousand greedy Caterpillers.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) v. ii. 69 The glorious Gods sit in hourely Synod about thy particular prosperity.

1648 R. Crashaw Steps to Temple (ed. 2) 38 An universall Synod of All Sweetes.

1718 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad IV. xiii. 662 On golden Clouds th' immortal Synod sate.

1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1763 I. 256 [Johnson:] Sir, we could not have had a better dinner, had there been a Synod of Cooks.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. vi. 40 It was not in the power of Jeffreys to overawe a synod of peers as he had been in the habit of overawing common juries.

†3. Astrology. A conjunction of two planets or heavenly bodies. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > planet > position of planet > aspect > [noun] > conjunction

conjunction1398

concourse1578

conjuncture1605

synod1646

syzygy1656

coition1678

appulse1684

1646 R. Crashaw Steps to Temple 49 How e're Loves native houres were set, What ever starry Synod met.

1651 N. Culpeper Astrol. Judgm. Dis. (1658) 30 A Conjunction or Synod..cannot properly be called an aspect.

1661 R. Boyle Proemial Ess. in Certain Physiol. Ess. 28 The Planets..have (according to Astrologers) in their great Synods or Conjunctions, much more powerful..Influences..than are ascrib'd to one or two of them out of that Aspect.

1686 J. Goad Astro-meteorologica ii. xii. 329 We speak of Aspects, Synods, and Schematismes, for advantage of Influence Caelestial, and observe, that even they want their Vigour when they want their Friends about them.

Compounds

† synod house n. Obsolete (cf. sense 3 and house n.¹ 11).

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > celestial sphere > zone of celestial sphere > [noun] > Zodiac > house

towerc1374

housea1393

mansionc1395

anglea1398

harbourc1405

palacec1425

cardinal point1585

synod house1589

dodecatemory1603

1589 R. Greene Ciceronis Amor 68 To vnite those loues that Venus in hir Sinod house hath expreslie countercheckt.

synod-man n. a member of a synod, a synodsman.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > [noun] > member of

synedrian1593

assemblyman1647

synod-man1663

conventioner1691

conventionist1815

synodalist1902

assemblyperson1972

MWA1996

1663 S. Butler Hudibras: First Pt. i. iii. 262 For Bears and Dogs on four Legs go, As Beasts, but Synod-men on two.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	synod
释义	synodn. Brit. /ˈsɪnəd/, /ˈsɪnɒd/, U.S. /ˈsɪnəd/ Forms: Middle English–1500s sinod, Middle English–1600s synode, (1500s senod), 1500s–1600s sinode, Middle English– synod. Etymology: < late Latin synodus, < Greek σύνοδος assembly, meeting, astronomical conjunction, < σύν syn- prefix + ὁδός way, travel; reinforced later by French synode (16th cent.). (Compare Italian sinodo , Spanish sinodo , Portuguese synodo .) Latin synodus was taken into Old English as seonoþ , sionoþ , sinoþ , synoþ ; Layamon's sinað (25338) may represent contamination of the Old English word with Old French senat senate n. See also sene n.³ 1. a. Ecclesiastical. An assembly of the clergy of a particular church, nation, province, or diocese (sometimes with representatives of the laity) duly convened for discussing and deciding ecclesiastical affairs. †In early use frequently applied to general councils.Formerly also, an episcopal or archidiaconal visitation (cf. synodal n. 2). ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > council > [noun] council1125 sene1380 synoda1387 senyiec1425 synody1548 action1567 sanhedrim1653 a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 41 In þis counsail and synod was þe pope Victor. a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1874) V. 231 Þe þridde greet synode [v.r. sinod] of þre hondred bisshoppes was i-made at Ephisus. 1485 W. Caxton tr. Thystorye & Lyf Charles the Grete sig. bij^v/1 Charles..returned to Rome. And wyth the Pope adryan he assembled many bysshoppes and abbottes..And in that synode for the grete holynes of charles The pope..gaf hym power for to ordeyne bisshoppes & archebisshops. 1528 T. More Dialogue Heresyes iv, in Wks. 252/1 It is a law synodall made in the vi Sinode. 1545 Act 37 Hen. VIII c. 17 The Bishopp of Rome and his adherentes..have in their counsailes & synodes provinciall made..and decreed diverse ordynances. 1553 T. Becon Relikes of Rome (1563) 213 It was decreed at y^e councell of Nice y^t euery byshop shoulde twice yearelye haue a Synode or Sene general within hys diocesse. a1600 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie (1648) viii. sig. Cc^v Before Emperours became Christians, the Church had never any generall Synod. a1601 W. Lambarde Archion (1635) 12 The two Spirituall Synodes of Canterbury and Yorke. c1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1641 (1955) II. 32 A stately Senat-house wherein was holden that famous Synod against the Arminians 1618. 1661 J. Stephens Hist. Disc. Procur. 66 Of Synods there are found sundry kinds, Oecumenical, National, Provincial, and Diocesan. 1677 Rector's Bk. Clayworth (1910) 30 By order from my Ld. ArchBp I preachd this day to y^e Synod at Southwell. 1768 A. Maclaine tr. J. L. von Mosheim Eccl. Hist. (ed. 2) IV. ii. i. ii. §5. 409 [Peter I of Russia] declared himself the supreme pontif and head of the Russian church. The functions of this high and important office were entrusted with a council assembled at Petersburg,..called the Holy Synod. 1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. xv. 491 Towards the end of the second century, the churches of Greece and Asia adopted the useful institutions of provincial synods. 1845 M. Pattison in Christian Remembrancer Jan. 77 Bringing him to..trial before a synod of bishops for his flagrant infraction of the canon law. 1845 S. Austin tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Reformation in Germany III. 525 In the year 1533 a provincial synod was established in Strasburg, which included various secular elements, together with the spiritual. 1869 Act 32 & 33 Victoria c. 42. §19 Nothing in any Act..shall prevent the bishops, the clergy, and laity of the said [Irish] Church..from meeting in general synod or convention, and in such synod or convention framing constitutions..for the general management..of the said Church. 1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People i. §3. 30 It was the ecclesiastical synods which by their example led the way to our national parliaments. b. In Presbyterian Churches: A body or assembly of ministers and other elders, constituting the ecclesiastical court next above the presbytery (see presbytery n. 2), and consisting of the members of, or of delegates from, the presbyteries within its bounds. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > ecclesiastical discipline > court > presbyterian > [noun] > synod synod1593 1593 R. Bancroft Daungerous Positions iii. xiii. 109 Assemblies are eyther Classes, or Synods. 1593 R. Bancroft Daungerous Positions iii. xiii. 110 A Synode is an assembly of chosen men, from moe Churches, then those that be in one Classis, or conference. 1645 E. Pagitt Heresiogr. 66 [The Independents] teach that every particular Congregation ought to be governed by its own particular laws,..without obligation, acknowledg Classes or Synods for its government & conduct. a1658 J. Cleveland Mixt Assembly 1 Flea-bitten Synod, an Assembly..like the rude Chaos of Presbyt'ry, where Laymen guide With the tame Wool-pack Clergy by their side. 1753 Scots Mag. 15 85/1 A provincial synod is a court consisting of all the ministers of a particular number of presbyteries, and one elder chosen..from each session. They..judge in all..appeals from the presbyteries. 1852 G. B. Earp Gold Colonies Austral. 79 The Presbyterian Church is under the government of the Synod of Australia, and is divided as follows:—Presbytery of Sydney,..Presbytery of Windsor,..Presbytery of Campbelltown,..Presbytery of Maitland. 2. gen. and transferred. An assembly, convention, or council of any kind. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > [noun] mootOE councilc1275 mootingc1275 dayc1300 assembly1366 consistoryc1374 house1389 parliamentc1390 convention1554 synodal1573 synod1578 synedrion1581 convenement1603 gemot1643 consessus1646 legislative council1651 national assembly1702 council-general1817 concilium1834 runanga1857 1578 H. Wotton tr. J. Yver Courtlie Controuersie 132 The Councell and Sinode of our Genterie. 1580 J. Lyly Euphues & his Eng. (new ed.) f. 47 A shamelesse Sinode of three thousand greedy Caterpillers. a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) v. ii. 69 The glorious Gods sit in hourely Synod about thy particular prosperity. View more context for this quotation 1648 R. Crashaw Steps to Temple (ed. 2) 38 An universall Synod of All Sweetes. 1718 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad IV. xiii. 662 On golden Clouds th' immortal Synod sate. 1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1763 I. 256 [Johnson:] Sir, we could not have had a better dinner, had there been a Synod of Cooks. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. vi. 40 It was not in the power of Jeffreys to overawe a synod of peers as he had been in the habit of overawing common juries. †3. Astrology. A conjunction of two planets or heavenly bodies. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > planet > position of planet > aspect > [noun] > conjunction conjunction1398 concourse1578 conjuncture1605 synod1646 syzygy1656 coition1678 appulse1684 1646 R. Crashaw Steps to Temple 49 How e're Loves native houres were set, What ever starry Synod met. 1651 N. Culpeper Astrol. Judgm. Dis. (1658) 30 A Conjunction or Synod..cannot properly be called an aspect. 1661 R. Boyle Proemial Ess. in Certain Physiol. Ess. 28 The Planets..have (according to Astrologers) in their great Synods or Conjunctions, much more powerful..Influences..than are ascrib'd to one or two of them out of that Aspect. 1686 J. Goad Astro-meteorologica ii. xii. 329 We speak of Aspects, Synods, and Schematismes, for advantage of Influence Caelestial, and observe, that even they want their Vigour when they want their Friends about them. Compounds † synod house n. Obsolete (cf. sense 3 and house n.¹ 11). ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > celestial sphere > zone of celestial sphere > [noun] > Zodiac > house towerc1374 housea1393 mansionc1395 anglea1398 harbourc1405 palacec1425 cardinal point1585 synod house1589 dodecatemory1603 1589 R. Greene Ciceronis Amor 68 To vnite those loues that Venus in hir Sinod house hath expreslie countercheckt. synod-man n. a member of a synod, a synodsman. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > [noun] > member of synedrian1593 assemblyman1647 synod-man1663 conventioner1691 conventionist1815 synodalist1902 assemblyperson1972 MWA1996 1663 S. Butler Hudibras: First Pt. i. iii. 262 For Bears and Dogs on four Legs go, As Beasts, but Synod-men on two. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1387
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