braen.

/breɪ/dialect

/brɪə/

/briː/

Forms: Now only Scottish and northern dialect. Forms: Middle English bro, Middle English–1700s bra, Middle English–1500s (Scottish) brai, Middle English–1600s bray(e, (1500s braue), 1500s–1600s bray, braie, 1500s– brae, 1700s–1800s (dialect) brea, breea.

Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse brá.

Etymology: Evidently < Old Norse brá = Old English brǽw , bréaw eyelid, Old Saxon brâwa , brâha , Old High German brâwa (Middle High German brâ , German braue ) eyebrow < Old Germanic *bræ̂wâ- : compare brow n.¹ and bree n.¹The phonetic history is clear: bro, bra, brae answer to Old Norse brá, as blo, bla, blae do to blá. The word must have passed through the sense of ‘eye-brow’ to ‘brow of a hill’, supercilium (compare Old English éaghill ‘eye hill’ = eyebrow); but no quotations illustrating the change appear. The English form bro has long been obsolete, and in spoken use brae is now exclusively northern and mainly Scotch, though occurring in recent literary English.

1. The steep bank bounding a river valley. Frequent in the collocation ‘banks and braes’.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > land mass > shore or bank > bank > [noun] > of river

sidec1275

rive1296

bankc1303

brae1330

riversidea1425

brook-sidec1450

ripec1475

pleyc1503

riverbanka1522

burn-sidec1540

greave1579

wharf1603

watera1800

riva1819

brook-bank1861

riverine1864

hag1886

1330 R. Mannyng Chron. 310 Þer to þe rayne bigan, and flowand bank and bro.

1483 Cath. Angl. 39 Bra, ripa.

1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) iv. 372 Vnder ane bra thair galay dreuch.

c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. vi. xvii. f. 76^v/2 Gret slauchter was maid on the brayis of this reuer.

1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 99 Slow Nile with low-sunke streames shall keepe his braies.

1792 R. Burns in J. Johnson Scots Musical Museum IV. 387 Ye banks and braes o' bonie Doon.

1800 W. Wordsworth in W. Wordsworth & S. T. Coleridge Lyrical Ballads II. 46 Upon the braes of Kirtle.

1855 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Yorks. Words 19 Breea, the brink or bank of a river.

2. A steep, a slope, a hillside. (Called in south of England a hill, as in Ludgate or Holborn Hill; in the north a ‘hill’ is always a mount or eminence with a summit, and with slopes or ‘braes’ on all sides of it, as in ‘the Calton Hill’.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > hill > [noun] > side

lithOE

sideOE

hillside?a1400

braea1500

bankside1586

sidehill1607

sidelanda1722

the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > slope > [noun] > steep

cliffOE

cleevec1300

hangingc1400

braea1500

steep1555

steepness1585

proclivity1645

upright1712

sliddera1793

snab1797

scarp1802

escarpment1815

shin1817

escarp1856

hag1868

jump-off1873

inface1896

fault-scarp1897

scarping1909

fault-line scarp1911

steephead1918

jump-up1927

a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) viii. l. 3434 Þe Scottis men in til a bra.

1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 524 Vnder ane bra quhair tha thocht it to hyde.

1548 W. Patten Exped. Scotl. Pref. sig. a.vij^v The hil (for so they cal a Bray).

1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne ix. xcvi. 178 On that steepe bray Lord Guelpho would not than Hazard his folke.

1634 S. Rutherford Lett. (1863) I. xli At the very overgoing of the brae and mountain.

1716 London Gaz. No. 5415/2 The Braes of Mar.

1799 J. Robertson Gen. View Agric. Perth 146 The farmers..in the breas.

1820 W. Scott Monastery I. ii. 95 The steep braes, rose abruptly over the little glen.

1822 T. Bewick Mem. 10 A steep but low ‘brae’.

1830 W. M. Praed Poems (1865) I. 179 I have seen thee gaze Upon these birks and braes.

Compounds

brae-face, brae-head, brae-side; also, brae-laird n. (also braes-laird) ‘a proprietor of land on the southern declivity of the Grampians’ (Jamieson). brae-man n. one who lives among the hills; spec. one who lives on the southern slopes of the Grampians.

ΚΠ

1799 J. Robertson Gen. View Agric. Perth 422 The brea-faces..are better fitted for sheep than cattle.

1817 W. Scott Rob Roy II. xiii. 285 He..took to the brae-side, and became a broken man.

1823 W. Scott Quentin Durward I. ii. 31 ‘I am, master’ answered the young Scot, ‘a braeman.’

1854 H. Miller My Schools & Schoolmasters (1858) 535 A splendid bonfire blazing from the brae-head.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	brae
释义	braen. /breɪ/dialect/brɪə//briː/ Forms: Now only Scottish and northern dialect. Forms: Middle English bro, Middle English–1700s bra, Middle English–1500s (Scottish) brai, Middle English–1600s bray(e, (1500s braue), 1500s–1600s bray, braie, 1500s– brae, 1700s–1800s (dialect) brea, breea. Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse brá. Etymology: Evidently < Old Norse brá = Old English brǽw , bréaw eyelid, Old Saxon brâwa , brâha , Old High German brâwa (Middle High German brâ , German braue ) eyebrow < Old Germanic bræ̂wâ- : compare brow n.¹ and bree n.¹The phonetic history is clear: bro, bra, brae* answer to Old Norse brá, as blo, bla, blae do to blá. The word must have passed through the sense of ‘eye-brow’ to ‘brow of a hill’, supercilium (compare Old English éaghill ‘eye hill’ = eyebrow); but no quotations illustrating the change appear. The English form bro has long been obsolete, and in spoken use brae is now exclusively northern and mainly Scotch, though occurring in recent literary English. 1. The steep bank bounding a river valley. Frequent in the collocation ‘banks and braes’. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > land mass > shore or bank > bank > [noun] > of river sidec1275 rive1296 bankc1303 brae1330 riversidea1425 brook-sidec1450 ripec1475 pleyc1503 riverbanka1522 burn-sidec1540 greave1579 wharf1603 watera1800 riva1819 brook-bank1861 riverine1864 hag1886 1330 R. Mannyng Chron. 310 Þer to þe rayne bigan, and flowand bank and bro. 1483 Cath. Angl. 39 Bra, ripa. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) iv. 372 Vnder ane bra thair galay dreuch. c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. vi. xvii. f. 76^v/2 Gret slauchter was maid on the brayis of this reuer. 1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 99 Slow Nile with low-sunke streames shall keepe his braies. 1792 R. Burns in J. Johnson Scots Musical Museum IV. 387 Ye banks and braes o' bonie Doon. 1800 W. Wordsworth in W. Wordsworth & S. T. Coleridge Lyrical Ballads II. 46 Upon the braes of Kirtle. 1855 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Yorks. Words 19 Breea, the brink or bank of a river. 2. A steep, a slope, a hillside. (Called in south of England a hill, as in Ludgate or Holborn Hill; in the north a ‘hill’ is always a mount or eminence with a summit, and with slopes or ‘braes’ on all sides of it, as in ‘the Calton Hill’.) ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > hill > [noun] > side lithOE sideOE hillside?a1400 braea1500 bankside1586 sidehill1607 sidelanda1722 the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > slope > [noun] > steep cliffOE cleevec1300 hangingc1400 braea1500 steep1555 steepness1585 proclivity1645 upright1712 sliddera1793 snab1797 scarp1802 escarpment1815 shin1817 escarp1856 hag1868 jump-off1873 inface1896 fault-scarp1897 scarping1909 fault-line scarp1911 steephead1918 jump-up1927 a1500 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Nero) viii. l. 3434 Þe Scottis men in til a bra. 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 524 Vnder ane bra quhair tha thocht it to hyde. 1548 W. Patten Exped. Scotl. Pref. sig. a.vij^v The hil (for so they cal a Bray). 1600 E. Fairfax tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne ix. xcvi. 178 On that steepe bray Lord Guelpho would not than Hazard his folke. 1634 S. Rutherford Lett. (1863) I. xli At the very overgoing of the brae and mountain. 1716 London Gaz. No. 5415/2 The Braes of Mar. 1799 J. Robertson Gen. View Agric. Perth 146 The farmers..in the breas. 1820 W. Scott Monastery I. ii. 95 The steep braes, rose abruptly over the little glen. 1822 T. Bewick Mem. 10 A steep but low ‘brae’. 1830 W. M. Praed Poems (1865) I. 179 I have seen thee gaze Upon these birks and braes. Compounds brae-face, brae-head, brae-side; also, brae-laird n. (also braes-laird) ‘a proprietor of land on the southern declivity of the Grampians’ (Jamieson). brae-man n. one who lives among the hills; spec. one who lives on the southern slopes of the Grampians. ΚΠ 1799 J. Robertson Gen. View Agric. Perth 422 The brea-faces..are better fitted for sheep than cattle. 1817 W. Scott Rob Roy II. xiii. 285 He..took to the brae-side, and became a broken man. 1823 W. Scott Quentin Durward I. ii. 31 ‘I am, master’ answered the young Scot, ‘a braeman.’ 1854 H. Miller My Schools & Schoolmasters (1858) 535 A splendid bonfire blazing from the brae-head. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1330
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