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单词 actively
释义

activelyadv.

Brit. /ˈaktᵻvli/, U.S. /ˈæktᵻvli/
Forms: see active adj. and n. and -ly suffix2.
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: active adj., -ly suffix2.
Etymology: < active adj. + -ly suffix2.
1. By one's own action; voluntarily, deliberately; spontaneously; positively. Opposed to passively.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > free will > [adverb]
freelyeOE
wilfullyc1000
by one's willOE
of oneselfOE
self-willesOE
of one's own willOE
willyOE
with one's willc1175
voluntarilyc1374
wilfulc1380
of one's own heada1393
willea1400
willilya1400
of (free) voluntyc1402
of or at one's (own) voluntyc1402
of one's own motion1419
of (also by, with) one's (own) goodwill?a1425
on one's own heada1425
of (also by, on, upon) one's own accorda1450
activelyc1454
willinglyc1475
voluntary1480
liberallya1500
of one's own swinge1548
voluntariously1550
voluntarlyc1568
for favour1574
at voluntary1585
of, out of, upon, or at (a person's) own voluntary1585
selfly1595
motu proprio1603
ultroneously1627
unimposedly1647
spontaneously1660
needlessly1710
unmechanically1764
c1454 R. Pecock Folewer to Donet 125 (MED) In þilk maner no creature may be constreynyd namelich bi an oþir creature and actyueli to do; fforwhi no creature..may be a doer aȝens his owen kynd.
?1533 W. Tyndale Expos. Mathew (vi) f. lxxviij God iustefieth vs actiuelye: that is to saye forgeueth vs and rekeneth vs, for ful rigtwesie.
1590 H. Swinburne Briefe Treat. Test. & Willes v. f. 203 He that is condemned for a famous libell is intestable, both actiuely and passiuely: that is to say, he can neither make a testament, nor receiue anie benefite by a testament.
1649 Bp. J. Hall Resol. & Decisions i. vi. 51 Is the fraud actively yours, done by you to another?
a1680 S. Charnock Several Disc. Existence of God (1682) 376 Shall thy Creature only passively glorifie thee as an Avenger, and not actively as a Compassionater?
1709 Submissive Answer to Mr. Hoadly's Humble Reply 6 They could not actively Obey the Kings Command.
1752 R. Erskine Christ’s Love-suit Reinforced & Repeated 52 He speaks to their Hearts..enabling the quickened Soul to rise actively..at his Call.
1800 Crit. Rev. 28 4 They are honest and actively benevolent to each other.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 635 The king was at least passive. He could not actively counterwork the regent.
1855 J. L. Motley Rise Dutch Republic Hist. Introd. v. 21 His son Poppo..did not actively oppose the introduction of Christianity.
1921 Daily Tel. 28 Sept. 9/1 The leaflet..asks the Moplahs actively to non-co-operate with the Government.
1957 M. McCarthy Memories Catholic Girlhood vi. 136 By this, I do not mean that I was actively unpopular, either with the pupils or with the nuns.
2006 Ecologist Feb. 54/3 A set of inter-related and self-reinforcing policies that actively discriminate in favour of the local.
2. In action or practice; practically, in practical life. Opposed to contemplatively or theoretically. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > doing > [adverb]
actuallyc1449
activelyc1475
deedfully1615
deedily1813
c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 22 (MED) Neþeles it is not to deme þat ne it is leful to curse accessorily; for þat tendiþ but to men lifing actifly.
1640 R. Brathwait Two Lancs. Lovers xx. 161 It was great pitty, said Philocles, that you, Father, who can discourse so contemplatively of so divine a subject, would never yet actively practise it.
1688 H. Wharton Enthusiasm Church of Rome 113 In contemplation the Mind acts purely passively, not actively.
1829 H. Thompson Gram. French Lang. (ed. 2) 103 The masculine terminations..describe persons, and those, for the greater part, either actively or contemplatively engaged in some way or other.
1841 Christian Pioneer Dec. 548 A still more awful question than any of those to which he had already responded, theoretically or actively.
1989 J. S. Bennett Reviving Liberty iii. 78 Apart from intuition, knowledge is attained in only two ways: by the intellect contemplatively and by experience actively.
3. With vigorous action or motion, energetically; busily; briskly, nimbly.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [adverb] > briskly or actively
quiverlyOE
smartc1300
smartlyc1300
spacklya1350
merrilyc1390
sprackly1393
livelyc1425
activelya1500
busilya1513
allegrement1608
alacriously1609
nippily1650
briskly1665
alertly1725
up and doing1817
pert1859
brash1884
stirringly1889
bobbishly1936
a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 172 (MED) Al that hym owyth to do, he hit doth without bobaunce wisely, and wyth-out feyntyse actifly.
1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. iv. 77 Since frost it selfe as actiuely doth burne, And reason pardons will.
1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 189 Some most actively use the contrary arme and leg. View more context for this quotation
1726 W. Broome in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey IV. xviii. 169 When we are in sorrow the spirits are languid, and the blood moves less actively.
1739 T. C. Pagett Kind of Dial. in Hudibrasticks 11 I'll be no Stander-by, I'll swear; And tho' without much Grace or Air, Whoever leads, in Spite of Laughter, Most actively I'll fidget after.
1797 R. C. Dallas Lucretia v. i, in Misc. Writings 192 If Heav'n decree, the Tyrant still must live, Old as thou art, thou must move actively.
1816 W. Scott Old Mortality xiv, in Tales of my Landlord 1st Ser. III. 287 Actively engaged in his military duties.
1869 J. Phillips Vesuvius iii. 79 Within the crater was found a round and small actively eruptive cone.
1889 Portfolio Dec. 231/2 The topiarius, or pleacher, was kept actively at work in trimming the hedges and trellis walks.
1910 D. Fairbridge That which hath Been (1913) 139 Only the geitjes, as the little rock lizards are called at the Cape, ran actively from one hot stone to another.
1951 H. G. McWhiney & F. B. Simkins in Negro Hist. Bull. 14 109/1 The mere mention of a ghost makes him shake as actively as Step'in Fetch'it under the influence of an Arctic breeze.
2005 Austral. Financial Rev. (Sydney) 16 May 21/3 Tracking the credit-default swap rate of 25 of the most actively traded names.
4. Grammar. With the sense of the active voice; with an active construction; in a manner implying the performance of some action. Opposed to passively.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > a part of speech > verb > [adverb] > other spec.
impersonallya1504
activelyc1525
transitivelyc1525
participially1632
statively1889
c1525 T. Linacre Rudimenta Grammatices sig. B2 A verbe comen, whan he is vsed actyuely, hath construction lyke actiues. And whan it is vsed passiuely, lyke passyues.
1583 W. Fulke Def. Transl. Script. v. 151 Πληροῦμαι..is often taken passiuely: But seeing it is also found to be a verbe meane, who neede to be afraide to vse it actiuely?
1612 J. Brinsley Posing of Parts f. 15 Q. How is a Verbe Neuter Englished? A. Sometimes Actiuely: that is, like an Actiue; as, Curro I runne: sometimes Passiuely, or like a Passiue; as Ægroto, I am sick.
1612 J. Brinsley Posing of Parts f. 17v Rehearse them Actiuely, and Passiuely togither.
1661 Grand Deb. Rev. & Alteration Bk. Common Prayer 88 Nulla salus in nobis is spoken actively and not possessively or passively.
1734 J. Milner Pract. Gram. Greek Tongue iii. 42/1 Deponents sometimes signify actively in passive tenses.
1750 Let. 10 Oct. in Student (1751) 2 No. 8. 308 Several conjugations..whether they are to be taken actively, passively, causatively, or absolutely.
1806 N. Salmon Αρχαὶ I. 20 In ‘The General caused the retreating allies to be pursued by his light troops’, The General is the Agent as to causing here used actively.
1854 A. H. Monteith New Pract. Method Learning Ital. Lang: 2nd Course 71 In the sentence he changes money, the verb change is used actively; but in the sentence the weather changes, the verb change is neuter.
1907 School Rev. 15 556 It would be easier for..a learner to be shown that the verb was the same, but in the one sentence it was used actively and in another it was used passively.
1998 J. L. Mey When Voices Clash (2000) i. 3 Constructions that we have been trained to handle actively and passively in our grammar classes.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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