activismn.

Brit.

/ˈaktᵻvɪz(ə)m/, U.S.

/ˈæktəˌvɪzəm/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; partly modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: active adj., -ism suffix.

Etymology: < active adj. + -ism suffix; with sense 1 compare earlier actinism n.; in sense 2 after German Aktivismus ( R. Eucken Grundlinien einer neuen Lebensanschauung (1907)); in sense 3 probably after either German Aktivismus (1917 or earlier in political use) or French activisme (1906 in geology, 1911 in philosophy, 1916 in politics). Compare activist adj., activistic adj.

1. = actinism n. 1. rare.In some instances perhaps an error for actinism.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > scientific effects of light > [noun] > energy causing chemical changes

energy1844

tithonization1844

actinism1845

activism1856

1856 Family Mag. 1 165 Every ray was a combination of three distinct principles,..known as light, heat, and chemical action, or activism.

1905 Knowl. & Sci. News 2 113/2 The old idea that activism could be equally well measured by any chemical change that light can produce.

2. Philosophy. In the philosophy of Rudolf Eucken: the theory or belief that truth is arrived at through action or active striving after the spiritual life.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > materialism > [noun] > activism

activism1907

1907 W. R. B. Gibson Eucken's Philos. of Life (ed. 2) App. 170 Activism has affinities with Pragmatism, especially on its negative side... Both agree that action is the key to truth.

1920 H. L. Eno Activism x. 176 Activism is..essentially realistic. It assumes the ‘objective’ validity and ‘real’ being of entities and relations, as well as the fundamental relational complexes of space, time, number, and change.

1987 S. F. Schneck Person & Polis i. 23 Eucken demands that living, doing and experiencing come prior to and ground all operations of mind... Eucken terms this philosophy ‘activism’.

a. In continental European countries during the First World War (1914–18): advocacy of a policy of supporting Germany in the war; pro-German feeling or activity. Now historical.Associated esp. with Sweden and Belgium: see activist adj. 2a.

ΚΠ

1915 Fortn. Rev. Nov. 801 The publicists who proclaim that war is desirable usually do not mention England at all; they merely urge Sweden to throw in her lot with the Central Powers. This is Activism.

1918 Times 29 May 5/3 Mr. Franck's most fervent energy was..devoted to combating Flemish activism.

1961 Eng. Hist. Rev. 76 179 The emergence, development, and importance of ‘activism’ and the ‘front movement’, which kept alive the Flemish cause during the war.

2001 M. af Malmborg Neutrality & State-building in Sweden iv. 137 The kind of overt activism that had emerged in 1914–15 had no equivalent in 1939–40.

b. The policy of active participation or engagement in a particular sphere of activity; spec. the use of vigorous campaigning to bring about political or social change.In later use frequently with distinguishing word, esp. political activism; for other common collocations, as eco-activism, student activism, etc., see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [noun] > doctrine or policy advocating

activism1920

1920 Atlantic Monthly Mar. 397/2 Above these people is the ‘brain proletariat’, restless, alert, dissatisfied, repressed... The thought of this brain proletariat has many aspects—from Buddhist passivism to Bolshevist activism.

1933 V. A. Demant God, Man & Society iii. 93 The major conflict in modern society between technique to save effort, and the moral philosophy of economic ‘activism’ which is embodied in economic theory and practice.

1960 Spectator 19 Aug. 272 The sizzling flame of activism is visible in both the agricultural and pastoral districts.

1978 S. Brill Teamsters i. 29 Gibbons..might have been the Teamster who steered the union to progressive social and political activism.

2008 Guardian (Nexis) 25 Jan. 5 Peter Hain was almost universally admired at Westminster for a record of political activism and achievement over three decades that few middle-ranking Cabinet ministers could match.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	activism
释义	activismn. Brit. /ˈaktᵻvɪz(ə)m/, U.S. /ˈæktəˌvɪzəm/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; partly modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: active adj., -ism suffix. Etymology: < active adj. + -ism suffix; with sense 1 compare earlier actinism n.; in sense 2 after German Aktivismus ( R. Eucken Grundlinien einer neuen Lebensanschauung (1907)); in sense 3 probably after either German Aktivismus (1917 or earlier in political use) or French activisme (1906 in geology, 1911 in philosophy, 1916 in politics). Compare activist adj., activistic adj. 1. = actinism n. 1. rare.In some instances perhaps an error for actinism. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > scientific effects of light > [noun] > energy causing chemical changes energy1844 tithonization1844 actinism1845 activism1856 1856 Family Mag. 1 165 Every ray was a combination of three distinct principles,..known as light, heat, and chemical action, or activism. 1905 Knowl. & Sci. News 2 113/2 The old idea that activism could be equally well measured by any chemical change that light can produce. 2. Philosophy. In the philosophy of Rudolf Eucken: the theory or belief that truth is arrived at through action or active striving after the spiritual life. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > materialism > [noun] > activism activism1907 1907 W. R. B. Gibson Eucken's Philos. of Life (ed. 2) App. 170 Activism has affinities with Pragmatism, especially on its negative side... Both agree that action is the key to truth. 1920 H. L. Eno Activism x. 176 Activism is..essentially realistic. It assumes the ‘objective’ validity and ‘real’ being of entities and relations, as well as the fundamental relational complexes of space, time, number, and change. 1987 S. F. Schneck Person & Polis i. 23 Eucken demands that living, doing and experiencing come prior to and ground all operations of mind... Eucken terms this philosophy ‘activism’. 3. a. In continental European countries during the First World War (1914–18): advocacy of a policy of supporting Germany in the war; pro-German feeling or activity. Now historical.Associated esp. with Sweden and Belgium: see activist adj. 2a. ΚΠ 1915 Fortn. Rev. Nov. 801 The publicists who proclaim that war is desirable usually do not mention England at all; they merely urge Sweden to throw in her lot with the Central Powers. This is Activism. 1918 Times 29 May 5/3 Mr. Franck's most fervent energy was..devoted to combating Flemish activism. 1961 Eng. Hist. Rev. 76 179 The emergence, development, and importance of ‘activism’ and the ‘front movement’, which kept alive the Flemish cause during the war. 2001 M. af Malmborg Neutrality & State-building in Sweden iv. 137 The kind of overt activism that had emerged in 1914–15 had no equivalent in 1939–40. b. The policy of active participation or engagement in a particular sphere of activity; spec. the use of vigorous campaigning to bring about political or social change.In later use frequently with distinguishing word, esp. political activism; for other common collocations, as eco-activism, student activism, etc., see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [noun] > doctrine or policy advocating activism1920 1920 Atlantic Monthly Mar. 397/2 Above these people is the ‘brain proletariat’, restless, alert, dissatisfied, repressed... The thought of this brain proletariat has many aspects—from Buddhist passivism to Bolshevist activism. 1933 V. A. Demant God, Man & Society iii. 93 The major conflict in modern society between technique to save effort, and the moral philosophy of economic ‘activism’ which is embodied in economic theory and practice. 1960 Spectator 19 Aug. 272 The sizzling flame of activism is visible in both the agricultural and pastoral districts. 1978 S. Brill Teamsters i. 29 Gibbons..might have been the Teamster who steered the union to progressive social and political activism. 2008 Guardian (Nexis) 25 Jan. 5 Peter Hain was almost universally admired at Westminster for a record of political activism and achievement over three decades that few middle-ranking Cabinet ministers could match. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1856
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