tetrarchn.

Brit.

/ˈtɛtrɑːk/,

/ˈtiːtrɑːk/, U.S.

/ˈtɛˌtrɑrk/

Forms: Middle English tetrarke, Middle English tetrarche, Middle English– tetrarch; also Middle English–1500s in Latin form tetrarcha.

Etymology: < late Latin tetrarcha (Vulgate), classical Latin tetrarchēs, < Greek τετράρχης, < τετρα- four- + -αρχης ruling, ruler. Compare French tétrarque (13th cent.).

1. Roman History. The ruler of one of four divisions of a country or province; at a later period applied to subordinate rulers generally, esp. in Syria.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > [noun] > of a part of a country > specifically in Roman history

tetrarchc1384

c1050 Byrhtferth's Handboc in Anglia (1885) 8 299 Quadrans on lyden on grecisc ys gecweden tetrarcha.]

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xiv. 1 Eroude tetrarcha [a1425 L.V. tetrarke], that is, prince of the fourthe part, herde the fame of Jhesu.

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1872) IV. 233 He and his breþer were made tetrarches, as hauenge the iiij^the parte of a realm, from proctors.

1520 Chron. Eng. iv. f. 28/1 The Emperoure..the halfe of the Iury and Idumea gaue to Archylaus vnder name of Tetrache.

1526 Bible (Tyndale) Matt. xiv. f. xix^v Herod the tetrarcha.

1611 B. Jonson Catiline i. sig. C2 All the Earth, Her Kings, and Tetrarchs, are their tributaries.

1718 N. Rowe tr. Lucan Pharsalia vii. 334 Kings and Tetrarchs proud, a purple Train.

1877 J. C. Geikie Life & Words Christ II. lx. 500 The tetrarch Antipas had come up from Tiberias, to show how devoutly he honoured the Law.

2. transferred and figurative.

a. A ruler of a fourth part, or of one of four parts, divisions, elements, etc.; also a subordinate ruler generally.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > [noun] > subordinate ruler

satrap?c1430

tetrarch1610

under-ruler1632

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > [noun] > of a part of a country

tetrarch1610

pentarch1713

heptarch1822

triarch1886

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > [adjective] > relating to subordinate ruler

tetrarch1610

tetrarchic1818

1610 Histrio-mastix ii. 19 For this aboundance pour'd at Plenties feet You shall be Tetrarchs of this petty world.

1651 W. Davenant Gondibert Pref. 45 The heads of the Church (where ever Christianity is preach'd) are Tetrarchs of Time; of which they command the fourth Division.

1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd iv. 201 If I..have propos'd What both from Men and Angels I receive, Tetrarchs of fire, air, flood, and on the earth Nations besides.

1797 E. Burke Lett. Peace Regic. France iii, in Wks. (1815) VIII. 307 It is not to the Tetrarch of Sardinia..that we mean to prove [etc.].

attributive.1642 T. Fuller Holy State iii. xxi. 209 Men in whose constitutions one of the tetrarch Elements fire may seem to be omitted.

b. One of four joint rulers, directors, or heads.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > joint ruler > [noun] > one of specific number of

quartermaster1541

duumvir1600

quarter-ruler1610

tetrarcha1661

decemvir1703

quadrumvir1790

pentarch1798

duarch1848

decarch1852

dodecarch1882

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Cornw. 213 This was he who was one of the first four Tetrarchs or Joint-managers in chief of Marshall matters in Cornwall.

1902 Baring in Encycl. Brit. XXVIII. 496/2 The Parnassian school [had] as their tetrarchs and judges Théophile Gautier, Leconte de Lisle, Baudelaire, and Banville.

a. The commander of a subdivision of an ancient Greek phalanx. (The quot. 1833 may belong here or to sense 1.)

ΚΠ

1833 W. S. Landor Imaginary Conversat. in Philol. Museum 2 11 His bringing into the front of the center, as became some showy tetrarch rather than Hannibal, his eighty elephants.

b. In Fourier's social organization: A ruler of the fourth (ascending) rank.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > [noun] > subordinate ruler > of specific rank in Fourier's system

tetrarch1848

triarch1848

1848 Tait's Edinb. Mag. 15 706 There will be duarchs for four phalanx, triarchs for 12, tetrarchs for 48.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

tetrarchadj.

Etymology: < tetra- comb. form + Greek ἀρχή beginning.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈtetrarch.

Botany.

Proceeding from four distinct points of origin: cf. diarch adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > cell or aggregate tissue > [adjective] > having particular number of points of origin

heptarch1884

octarch1884

oligarch1884

pentarch1884

polyarch1884

tetrarch1884

triarch1884

hexarch1900

1884 F. O. Bower & D. H. Scott tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Anat. Phanerogams & Ferns 363 Triarch and tetrarch bundles sometimes occur in thick roots of species which are usually diarch.

1884 F. O. Bower & D. H. Scott tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Anat. Phanerogams & Ferns 354 In the case of diarch and tetrarch structure of the main root.

1884 F. O. Bower & D. H. Scott tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Anat. Phanerogams & Ferns 354 The phloem-groups of triarch and tetrarch roots of Papilionaceæ.

1895 S. H. Vines Students' Text-bk. Bot. 179 The stele may have—in different structures—one to many protoxylem (primitive wood) groups, and is accordingly described as monarch..diarch..triarch..tetrarch..polyarch.

1900 W. Wallace in Ann. Bot. Dec. 643 The tetrarch or triarch root [of Actinostemma] has no pith and..no internal phloem.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online June 2019).

单词	tetrarch
释义	tetrarchn. Brit. /ˈtɛtrɑːk/, /ˈtiːtrɑːk/, U.S. /ˈtɛˌtrɑrk/ Forms: Middle English tetrarke, Middle English tetrarche, Middle English– tetrarch; also Middle English–1500s in Latin form tetrarcha. Etymology: < late Latin tetrarcha (Vulgate), classical Latin tetrarchēs, < Greek τετράρχης, < τετρα- four- + -αρχης ruling, ruler. Compare French tétrarque (13th cent.). 1. Roman History. The ruler of one of four divisions of a country or province; at a later period applied to subordinate rulers generally, esp. in Syria. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > [noun] > of a part of a country > specifically in Roman history tetrarchc1384 c1050 Byrhtferth's Handboc in Anglia (1885) 8 299 Quadrans on lyden on grecisc ys gecweden tetrarcha.] c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xiv. 1 Eroude tetrarcha [a1425 L.V. tetrarke], that is, prince of the fourthe part, herde the fame of Jhesu. ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1872) IV. 233 He and his breþer were made tetrarches, as hauenge the iiij^the parte of a realm, from proctors. 1520 Chron. Eng. iv. f. 28/1 The Emperoure..the halfe of the Iury and Idumea gaue to Archylaus vnder name of Tetrache. 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Matt. xiv. f. xix^v Herod the tetrarcha. 1611 B. Jonson Catiline i. sig. C2 All the Earth, Her Kings, and Tetrarchs, are their tributaries. View more context for this quotation 1718 N. Rowe tr. Lucan Pharsalia vii. 334 Kings and Tetrarchs proud, a purple Train. 1877 J. C. Geikie Life & Words Christ II. lx. 500 The tetrarch Antipas had come up from Tiberias, to show how devoutly he honoured the Law. 2. transferred and figurative. a. A ruler of a fourth part, or of one of four parts, divisions, elements, etc.; also a subordinate ruler generally. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > [noun] > subordinate ruler satrap?c1430 tetrarch1610 under-ruler1632 society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > [noun] > of a part of a country tetrarch1610 pentarch1713 heptarch1822 triarch1886 society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > [adjective] > relating to subordinate ruler tetrarch1610 tetrarchic1818 1610 Histrio-mastix ii. 19 For this aboundance pour'd at Plenties feet You shall be Tetrarchs of this petty world. 1651 W. Davenant Gondibert Pref. 45 The heads of the Church (where ever Christianity is preach'd) are Tetrarchs of Time; of which they command the fourth Division. 1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd iv. 201 If I..have propos'd What both from Men and Angels I receive, Tetrarchs of fire, air, flood, and on the earth Nations besides. View more context for this quotation 1797 E. Burke Lett. Peace Regic. France iii, in Wks. (1815) VIII. 307 It is not to the Tetrarch of Sardinia..that we mean to prove [etc.]. attributive.1642 T. Fuller Holy State iii. xxi. 209 Men in whose constitutions one of the tetrarch Elements fire may seem to be omitted. b. One of four joint rulers, directors, or heads. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > joint ruler > [noun] > one of specific number of quartermaster1541 duumvir1600 quarter-ruler1610 tetrarcha1661 decemvir1703 quadrumvir1790 pentarch1798 duarch1848 decarch1852 dodecarch1882 a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Cornw. 213 This was he who was one of the first four Tetrarchs or Joint-managers in chief of Marshall matters in Cornwall. 1902 Baring in Encycl. Brit. XXVIII. 496/2 The Parnassian school [had] as their tetrarchs and judges Théophile Gautier, Leconte de Lisle, Baudelaire, and Banville. 3. a. The commander of a subdivision of an ancient Greek phalanx. (The quot. 1833 may belong here or to sense 1.) ΚΠ 1833 W. S. Landor Imaginary Conversat. in Philol. Museum 2 11 His bringing into the front of the center, as became some showy tetrarch rather than Hannibal, his eighty elephants. b. In Fourier's social organization: A ruler of the fourth (ascending) rank. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > [noun] > subordinate ruler > of specific rank in Fourier's system tetrarch1848 triarch1848 1848 Tait's Edinb. Mag. 15 706 There will be duarchs for four phalanx, triarchs for 12, tetrarchs for 48. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022). tetrarchadj. Etymology: < tetra- comb. form + Greek ἀρχή beginning.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈtetrarch. Botany. Proceeding from four distinct points of origin: cf. diarch adj. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > cell or aggregate tissue > [adjective] > having particular number of points of origin heptarch1884 octarch1884 oligarch1884 pentarch1884 polyarch1884 tetrarch1884 triarch1884 hexarch1900 1884 F. O. Bower & D. H. Scott tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Anat. Phanerogams & Ferns 363 Triarch and tetrarch bundles sometimes occur in thick roots of species which are usually diarch. 1884 F. O. Bower & D. H. Scott tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Anat. Phanerogams & Ferns 354 In the case of diarch and tetrarch structure of the main root. 1884 F. O. Bower & D. H. Scott tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Anat. Phanerogams & Ferns 354 The phloem-groups of triarch and tetrarch roots of Papilionaceæ. 1895 S. H. Vines Students' Text-bk. Bot. 179 The stele may have—in different structures—one to many protoxylem (primitive wood) groups, and is accordingly described as monarch..diarch..triarch..tetrarch..polyarch. 1900 W. Wallace in Ann. Bot. Dec. 643 The tetrarch or triarch root [of Actinostemma] has no pith and..no internal phloem. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online June 2019). < n.c1384adj.1884
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