单词 | achieve |
释义 | achievev. 1. intransitive. To be successful in doing something; to attain a desired end or level of performance. Also simply: to strive, make an effort.In later use chiefly spec. with reference to academic performance. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > prosper or flourish [verb (intransitive)] > prosper or be successful speed993 achievec1300 provec1300 edifya1400 chevise14.. exploit1477 cottonc1560 fadge1611 through1675 to make the riffle1853 arrive1889 the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > succeed or be a success [verb (intransitive)] > achieve success (of persons) speed993 achievec1300 escheve?a1400 succeed1509 to turn up trumps1595 fadge1611 to nick ita1637 to hit the mark (also nail, needle, pin)1655 to get on1768 to reap, win one's laurels1819 to go a long way1859 win out1861 score1882 to make it1885 to make a ten-strike1887 to make the grade1912 to make good1914 to bring home the bacon1924 to go places1931 society > education > learning > [verb (intransitive)] > succeed in learning achieve1953 c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) l. 864 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 131 (MED) Þanne we miȝten..Þe betere a-cheui [a1325 Corpus Cambr. Þe bet cheue] In ore conseille. a1500 tr. A. Chartier Quadrilogue (Rawl.) (1974) 154 And ye woll atcheue, ye must put your hondis to the werke. c1550 Clariodus (1830) v. 2055 Sir Porrus so weill atchevit. a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) iv. vii. 23 He..does atcheeue as soone As draw his Sword. View more context for this quotation 1713 R. Steele in Guardian 26 Mar. 2/2 This Youth has a Mind prepar'd to atchieve for the Salvion [sic] of Souls. 1838 H. W. Longfellow Psalm of Life in Voices of Night (1839) 7 Let us..be up and doing..Still achieving, still pursuing, Learn to labor and to wait. 1887 H. W. Beecher in W. Drysdale Proverbs from Plymouth Pulpit 21 In engineering, that only is great which achieves. 1922 A. MacLeish Let. 10 Oct. (1983) 93 If we wished for wealth or political prestige or social priority..I have no doubt but we could achieve. 1953 Jrnl. Abnormal Psychol. 48 533/1 Ambitious students regularly achieve beyond their predicted ‘aptitude’ by dint of hard work. 1962 Educ. Leadership Oct. 15/2 They achieve in school by holding offices, being popular, and..leading the crowd in materialistic displays. 1980 Church Times 11 July 4/3 He believed that there were intelligent people in the parish who had not achieved academically. 1997 H. Kureishi Love in Blue Time 18 The way things were getting set up at home he had to achieve until he expired. 2. a. transitive. To carry out successfully, bring to a successful conclusion (an action, enterprise, etc.); to accomplish, bring off. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > carrying out > execute, perform, or carry out [verb (transitive)] lasteOE ylastc888 wieldeOE doeOE dreeOE forthOE fremeOE workOE affordOE full-bringc1175 fulfila1225 perfurnisha1325 complishc1374 performc1384 achievea1393 chevisea1400 practic?a1425 exploitc1425 execute1477 furnish1477 through1498 practa1513 enure1549 chare1570 enact1597 act1602 to carry out1608 outcarry1611 celebrate1615 complya1616 peract1621 tide1631 implement1837 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) Prol. 92 (MED) So woll I now this werk embrace..God grante I mot it wel achieve. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Parson's Tale (Ellesmere) (1877) §734 Thanne arn ther the vertues of ffeith and hope..in hise seintes to acheue and acomplice the goode werkes. a1425 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (1987) ii. 808 He which that nothing undertaketh, Nothyng n'acheveth. 1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 17 Myrro suffrid him tachieue alle his proposicion. a1500 (?c1450) Merlin 609 (MED) Merlin..wolde achieue that he hadde be-gonne. 1513 T. More Hist. Edward V 3 Appointed to atchieve a more abominable enterprise. 1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. 808/1 Thus began the iusts, which was valiantlie atchiued by the king. 1664 H. More Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity 336 The strange Feats they say Antichrist is then to atchieve. 1725 E. Fenton in A. Pope et al. tr. Homer Odyssey I. i. 99 Let all combine t'atchieve his wish'd return. 1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. xix. 138 The empress, resolute to atchieve the generous design which she had undertaken, was not unmindful of the care of his fortune. 1800 Monthly Mag. 8 601 From Scandinavia have poured the only barbarians who ever achieved an unconsented conquest of the British isles. 1850 H. Melville White-jacket xxxviii. 188 It does not follow, that because chaplains are to be found in men-of-war, that..they achieve much good. 1882 A. W. Ward Dickens i. 14 Half achieving his task by the very heartiness with which he set about it. 1932 Sun (Baltimore) 5 Sept. 1/2 The moratorium on picketing..seemed virtually achieved when only on two highways..were farmers turning back live stock and produce trucks. 1990 D. J. Calvert Harrier 51/3 Maintainability was high, and 10min turnarounds could be achieved when necessary. 2002 Shares 3 Oct. 19/2 Chris has achieved a lot. But the devil is in the detail, and it is now up to EU bureaucrats to hammer out the final details. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ceasing > cease from (an action or operation) [verb (transitive)] > cause to cease or put a stop to astintc700 stathea1200 atstuntc1220 to put an end toa1300 to set end ofa1300 batec1300 stanch1338 stinta1350 to put awayc1350 arrestc1374 finisha1375 terminec1390 achievea1393 cease1393 removec1405 terminate?a1425 stop1426 surceasec1435 resta1450 discontinue1474 adetermine1483 blina1500 stay1525 abrogatea1529 suppressa1538 to set in or at stay1538 to make stay of1572 depart1579 check1581 intercept1581 to give a stop toa1586 dirempt1587 date1589 period1595 astayc1600 nip1600 to break off1607 snape1631 sist1635 to make (a) stop of1638 supersede1643 assopiatea1649 periodizea1657 unbusya1657 to put a stop to1679 to give the holla to1681 to run down1697 cessate1701 end1737 to choke off1818 stopper1821 punctuate1825 to put a stopper on1828 to take off ——1845 still1850 to put the lid on1873 on the fritz1900 to close down1903 to put the fritz on something1910 to put the bee on1918 switch1921 to blow the whistle on1934 the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > end or conclusion > bring to an end or conclude [verb (transitive)] yendc1000 abatec1300 finec1300 endc1305 finisha1375 definec1384 terminec1390 achievea1393 out-enda1400 terminate?a1425 conclude1430 close1439 to bring adowna1450 terma1475 adetermine1483 determine1483 to knit up1530 do1549 parclose1558 to shut up1575 expire1578 date1589 to close up1592 period1595 includea1616 apostrophate1622 to wind off1650 periodizea1657 dismiss1698 to wind up1740 to put the lid on1873 to put the tin hat on something1900 to wash up1925 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) ii. 1311 (MED) Whan he hise werres hadde achieved. a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) (1891) l. 4630 How is this quarell yit acheved Of Loves side? c1430 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 2111 For t'acheve my batayle, I wolde nevere from this place fle. a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. B All these thynges tyme acheueth and burieth. 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry V iv. iii. 92 Bid them atchieue me, and then sell my bones. 1749 J. Cleland Mem. Woman of Pleasure II. 163 I had now atchiev'd this rare adventure, ultimately much more to my satisfaction than I had bespoke the nature of it to turn out. 3. a. transitive. To succeed in gaining; to acquire or attain (a desired objective, result, etc.), esp. through effort, skill, or courage; to gain, win; to reach (an end or goal). Also occasionally with infinitive as object. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > acquisition > obtain or acquire [verb (transitive)] wieldeOE haveeOE ofgoOE oweOE addlec1175 winc1175 avela1200 to come by ——a1225 covera1250 oughtc1275 reachc1275 hentc1300 purchasec1300 to come to ——c1330 getc1330 pickc1330 chevise1340 fang1340 umbracec1350 chacche1362 perceivea1382 accroacha1393 achievea1393 to come at ——a1393 areach1393 recovera1398 encroach?a1400 chevec1400 enquilec1400 obtainc1422 recurec1425 to take upc1425 acquirea1450 encheve1470 sortise1474 conques?a1500 tain1501 report1508 conquest1513 possess1526 compare1532 cough1550 coff1559 fall1568 reap1581 acquist1592 accrue1594 appurchasec1600 recoil1632 to get at ——1666 to come into ——1672 rise1754 net1765 to fall in for1788 to scare up1846 access1953 the mind > possession > acquisition > obtain or acquire [verb (transitive)] > as something desired or advantageous findOE winc1000 betellc1275 getc1330 reapa1350 craftc1350 attainc1374 achievea1393 embrace?c1475 conquer1477 consecute1536 gain1570 lucrify1570 compass1609 raise1611 lucrate1623 reconcile1665 engage1725 to pull off1860 the world > action or operation > completing > complete (an action or piece of work) [verb (transitive)] > reach or accomplish by effort overcome?c1225 attain1393 achievea1569 the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > make a success of [verb (transitive)] > succeed in or achieve a purpose reacheOE awinc1000 attain1393 speedc1400 comprehenda1450 escheve1489 to make out1535 consecute1536 compass1549 achievea1569 aspire1581 obtain1589 subdue1590 to go a long (also great, short, etc.) way1624 arrivea1657 kill1899 nail1981 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. 103 (MED) Every brid hath chose his make And thenkth, his merthes forto make Of love that he hath achieved. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) v. 2043 (MED) Ther was no lond which mihte achieve, With werre Rome forto grieve. c1400 (?c1380) Pearl 475 What more honour moȝte he acheue. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccccxv. 726 If ye flemynges had achyued the prise ouer them. a1569 A. Kingsmill Viewe Mans Estate (1580) xi. 77 By these means, in some hath he atchived the ende of his message. a1616 W. Shakespeare Twelfth Night (1623) v. i. 367 Some are borne great, some atchieue greatnesse. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xi. 792 Having spilt much blood..and achievd thereby Fame in the World. View more context for this quotation 1684 R. Waller tr. Ess. Nat. Exper. Acad. del Cimento 70 Whether she Atchieves her End by Contracting, or Rarefying the Fluid. 1704 R. Steele Lying Lover i. 4 Book.'Tis Valour and Feats done in the Field, a Man shou'd be cry'd up for;—nor is't so hard to atchieve—Lat. The Fame of it you mean. 1758 T. Edwards Sonnets 291 In elder time thus Heroes wont t'atchieve Renown. 1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature I. 255 These able men strove to attain the same great end, and separately atchieved it. 1833 H. Martineau Berkeley the Banker i. vii. 151 Now is the time for you and me to try to achieve a truer independence. 1873 W. Black Princess of Thule iii. 42 He had achieved a good reputation. 1895 Catholic World Nov. 148 A nation achieves its goal when inventions are multiplied, industries fostered, [etc.]. 1896 C. G. D. Roberts Forge in Forest iv. 56 He had tracked them with a cunning beyond their own, and so achieved to outdo them with their own weapons. 1927 Observer 24 Apr. 8/4 There is an air of strain, as if she were attempting..to achieve a high-flown style. 1941 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 4 Oct. 1221/1 One of the principal reasons why Nylon stockings have achieved popularity. 1983 T. Hoyle Last Gasp xxx. 420 Mass-driver accelerated pods.., traveling two miles in 3.4 seconds, at which speed the pods dropped away and the payloads achieved lunar escape velocity. 2007 Atlantic Monthly Nov. 57/3 American manners, now a major influence on much of the modern world, have roughly achieved the goal of equal treatment. b. intransitive. With to. To arrive at or attain successfully a position, state, etc. Now literary and rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > completing > complete or conclude action [verb (intransitive)] > achieve an end or condition by progress acomeOE wina1300 chevec1300 attainc1375 reacha1400 achievec1400 geta1425 sort1543 c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) 1838 (MED) Er God hym grace sende, To acheue to þe chaunce þat he hade chosen þere. c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) 1857 (MED) When he acheued to þe chapel, his chek for to fech. a1492 W. Caxton tr. Vitas Patrum (1495) i. xlvii. f. lxxxiiiiv/1 That this begynnynge maye achyeue fro good to better. 1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) I. 23/2 By the meanes wherof the Archbishops of the Romishe see haue achiued to this their great kyngdome. 1572 W. Forrest Theophilus in Anglia (1884) 7 89 So he might atcheive to his former fame. 1655 R. Turner tr. H. C. Agrippa Fourth Bk. Occult Philos. 240 The third is, to excel in military affairs, and happily to atchieve to great things, and to be an head of the head of Kings and Princes. 1903 J. London Call of Wild iii. 94 He had held his own with all manner of dogs and achieved to mastery over them. c. transitive. To succeed in acquiring or constructing (a material object). Now chiefly literary. ΚΠ 1485 W. Caxton in Malory's Morte Darthur Table of Contents sig. xi How the knyghtes that shold achyeue the sangreal shold be knowen. 1550 T. Nicolls tr. Thucydides Hist. Peloponnesian War f. clxxviv They hauynge acheued the walle, whiche they determyned to make fro their campe vnto the sea, were retyredde into their forte in the vppermoste parte. 1555 W. Waterman tr. Josephus in tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions sig. U.iiij What time then ye shall haue achieued the land of Chanaan. a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) ii. i. 62 He hath atchieu'd a maide, That parragons description. View more context for this quotation 1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. 485 Prouinces are atchieued by the sword, but retayned by iustice. 1703 T. D'Urfey Old Mode & New v. ii. 68 Crackt-brain'd..for loss of his Heiress, whom I have atchieved and married here in spite of ye by dint of Brain and Merit. 1847 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. July 3/2 Those who achieved riches, earned them hardly by peril and privation. 1895 Daily News 1 June 5/6 It was..determined to achieve the new fronting without disturbing it [sc. the Dutch cannon ball]. 1925 Today's Housewife Feb. 7/2 In some of the tables, they even achieved drawers. For their dining room, and for the bedroom, were made chests of three drawers each, utilizing the boards which were cut away from the sides of the boxes for building the drawers. 1970 R. Thorp & R. Blake Music of their Laughter 127/2 So they achieve food, they get economic stability, then power. 2000 S. Mackay Heligoland vii. 103 She has waited a long time to achieve a knife block of her own. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > effect, result, or consequence > result [verb (intransitive)] > turn out goOE farec1230 to come to proofc1330 shape1338 afarec1380 achievea1393 falla1398 sort1477 succeed1541 lucka1547 to fall out1556 redound1586 to come off1590 light1612 takea1625 result1626 issue1665 to turn out1731 eventuate1787 to roll out1801 to come away1823 to work out1839 pan1865 a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) vi. 2379 (MED) For it schal nevere wel achieve, That stant noght riht with the believe. a1425 (?a1400) G. Chaucer Romaunt Rose (Hunterian) (1891) l. 1068 Yuel achyued [Fr. arivés] mote they be These losengers ful of envye. a1500 Sir Degrevant (Cambr.) (1949) 480 (MED) He shall loue þat swet wyȝt, Acheue how hit wold. 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccclxxvi. 626 Wherfore all your busynes shall acheue the better. a1533 Ld. Berners tr. A. de Guevara Golden Bk. M. Aurelius (1546) sig. Dd.viiiv Thei [sc. gods] bee called immortall..and we be called mortal..thus acheuethe the persones: but the goddis neuer. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < |
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