achievementn.

Brit.

/əˈtʃiːvm(ə)nt/, U.S.

/əˈtʃivm(ə)nt/

Forms: late Middle English achieuement, 1500s achiuement, 1500s atcheament (in sense 2), 1500s atchieuement, 1500s atchieument, 1500s atchiuement, 1600s–1800s atchievement, 1600s– achievement.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French achevement.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French achevement, Middle French achievement (French achèvement ) the action of finishing or completing something (mid 13th cent. in Old French), accomplishment (1338) < achever achieve v. + -ment -ment suffix. Compare earlier achieving n.With sense 2 compare hatchment n.¹; it is possible that this sense may have originated as a reinterpretation of hatchment n.¹, understood as a contracted form (compare forms at that entry).

a. The action of achieving something; completion, accomplishment, successful execution.Also with modifying prefix, as non-achievement, over-, under-achievement, etc. (see the first element).

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > completing > [noun]

enda1300

chevisancec1330

applyinga1382

perfectiona1382

pointc1385

finishmentc1400

accomplishingc1405

complement1419

consummationa1425

effecta1425

performinga1425

accomplishment1425

fining?1448

complishing1449

complishment1454

achevisauncec1475

achievement1477

perfectinga1513

cheving?1518

furniture1529

achievance1531

exploiture1531

exploiting1538

perimplishment1554

consummating1555

finishing?1563

chevance1570

coronation1582

crowning1586

adimpletion1624

fulfilment1624

complusmenta1628

completure1642

completement1652

transaction1655

patration1656

perfunction1656

completion1657

completing1727

ultimation1791

finality1833

perfectuation1859

fruition1885

the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > [noun] > attainment of goal

achievement1477

attainment1549

accomplishment1578

compassing1586

1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 149 With thachieuement of these deuises the kyng Oetes approched..the shippe.

1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos sig. A i Alle thystorye of his aduentures that he had er he cam to the achieuement of his conquest of ytalye.

1576 T. Newton tr. L. Lemnie Touchstone of Complexions ii. f. 15 All the instruments..of the Senses..attayne thereby stablenes, for the atchieuement of their functions and charges.

c1592 Faire Em sig. A3 The blisse That hangs on quicke atchiuement of my loue.

1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 182 He would vndertake the atchieument of that exploit.

1689 P. Bellon Court Secret ii. 16 Whosoever once set his Hand to that Plough..was not to look back, but to go forwards,..being confident, that the more perillous, the more glorious the Achievement of the thing would be.

1705 J. Browne Secret Hist. Queen Zarah ii. 33 They might spur on my Hopes to the Atchievement of my Desires.

a1762 Lady M. W. Montagu Educ. in R. Dodsley Coll. Poems (1763) IV. 45 Ne for th'atchievement of this great emprize The want of means or counsel may ye dread.

1814 R. Southey Roderick ix. 110 So it be lawful, and within the bounds Of possible atchievement.

1860 ‘G. Eliot’ Mill on Floss II. iv. ii. 162 The poor lad brought his first quarter's money, with a delicious sense of achievement, and gave it to his father.

1878 B. Taylor Prince Deukalion i. vi. 46 What virtue lies More in achievement than its hot desire?

1905 E. Wharton House of Mirth i. x. 179 A life in which achievement seemed as squalid as failure.

1946 Nature 3 Aug. 155/1 The relatively rapid achievement of cationic equilibrium between perfusate and soil.

1998 Textile Horizons May 18/3 Mexico is a land of achievement, architecture, and much learning.

2007 Marketing 2 May 57 (advt.) To earn a place on our Board, you'll have a bulletproof record of achievement in developing marketing client relationships.

b. Something that has been achieved; an action or result accomplished through effort, skill, or courage; a feat.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > doing > [noun] > an act or deed > exceptional or remarkable

adventurec1300

bearinga1387

feata1400

hardiment1487

facta1525

derring-do1579

achievement1583

adventry1616

coup d'éclat1668

exploit1725

venture1810

stunt1892

a hard act to follow1942

the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > [noun] > one who or that which is successful > that which is successful > an achievement

feata1400

wonder-worka1400

exploitc1425

achievance1531

achievement1583

attaining1606

attainment1665

effort1857

get1992

1583 B. Melbancke Philotimus (new ed.) 73 The custom of ye Carthaginians, by which they wore so many ringes in their chaines, in signe of honour, as they had bene at victorious atchieuements.

1591 W. Raleigh Rep. Fight Iles of Açores sig. A4 [They] were all sent backe againe to their countries, to witnesse and recount the worthy achieuements of their inuincible and dreadfull Nauy.

1596 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) xi. lxix. 291 We intreate of great Achiuements done By English, in contrarie Clymes.

1678 T. Jordan Triumphs of London in J. B. Heath Some Acct. Worshipful Company of Grocers (1869) 522 You might see an hundred persons confusedly scrambling in the dirt for the frail atchievement of a bunch of raisins.

1767 F. Fawkes tr. Theocritus Idylliums xxiv. 233 And each achievement where fair fame is sought, Harpalycus, the son of Hermes, taught.

1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature II. 367 The many and great atchievements attributed to heroes of the first ages.

1824 T. F. Dibdin Libr. Compan. 161 The achievements of Agincourt and Waterloo.

1831 D. Brewster Life I. Newton xix. 328 The achievements of genius, like the source from which they spring, are indestructible.

1877 Spirit of Times 24 Nov. 454/2 That banquet was a ‘feast of intellect’, as well as a culinary achievement of the highest order.

1934 P. Hutchison in N.Y. Times Bk. Rev. 9 Sept. 2/3 ‘The Fly,’ as a pure achievement in horror fiction..must be ranked as one of the world's masterpieces within that disagreeable genre.

1964 Ann. Reg. 1963 185 Among other notable American achievements in space during the year was the launching of a communications satellite.

1996 E. Lovelace Salt xi. 199 He would add to his achievements the ability to sing any of the current calypsos and at least the chorus of the older ones.

2007 Daily Tel. 13 June 20/1 The reopened Royal Festival Hall is a rare achievement of modesty and taste.

2. Heraldry. Originally: an escutcheon or armorial device, esp. one granted in recognition of a distinguished feat. Later: a representation of all the armorial devices to which a bearer of arms is entitled. Formerly also: †a square or diamond-shaped panel or canvas with a deceased person's armorial bearings, affixed to his or her house during mourning or placed in a church; cf. hatchment n.¹

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > [noun] > armorial bearings or coat of arms

armsc1325

blazonc1325

heraldy1390

coat-armour1393

coatc1400

hatchment1522

coat of arms1562

tokens1562

achievement1572

heraldry1594

coat-arms1623

emblazonment1799

1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie f. 106 ^v All whiche atchieuementes before displayed, is within the Garter cotized of two Lions de ermine.

1586 J. Ferne Blazon of Gentrie 186 The creast, tymber, mantell, or worde, bee no part of the coat-armour; they be addicions called atcheaments.

1610 J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie vi. v. 263 An Atchievement, according to Leigh, is the Armes of euery Gentleman wel Marshalled with the Supporters, Helme, Wreath and Creasts, etc.

1753 T. Gray Long Story in Six Poems 14 To raise the cieling's fretted height, Each pannel in achievements cloathing.

1868 A. P. Stanley Hist. Mem. Westm. Abbey iv. 201 Graves, piled with the standards and achievements of the noble families of Florence.

1914 F. J. Grant Man. Heraldry (rev. ed.) 53 Achievement, the coat of arms (helmet, crest, mantling, motto) fully emblazoned according to the rules of heraldry.

1990 Antiquaries Jrnl. 70 73 The central corbel supports an architrave with broken triangular segmented pediment, enclosing an achievement of arms.

Compounds

C1.

a. General attributive (chiefly Education and Psychology).

achievement age n.

ΚΠ

1921 Univ. Illin. Bur. Educ. Res. Bull. 6 5 Medians are the mental age norms, which are used as a basis for translating the point scores into achievement ages.

1986 Learning Disability Q. 9 216/2 Each..child's predicted score was translated into age months to arrive at an expected achievement age.

achievement gap n.

ΚΠ

1956 Washington Post 13 Oct. 14/4 The validity of this judgment is questionable, as it is based, in many instances on a comparison of achievement records of Negro and white pupils, while it overlooks one of the main causes of the achievement gap—inequality of the dual system of education.

2000 N.Y. Times 3 Aug. a28/4 For eight years, the achievement gap in our schools has grown worse, poor and disadvantaged children falling further and further behind.

achievement orientation n.

ΚΠ

1951 D. C. McClelland Personality x. 357 If independence training is begun before the child is really capable of performing..the skills required of him, his thinking is likely to be colored thereafter by an achievement orientation.

2003 Contemp. Sociol. 32 696/2 Some may quibble with the use of educational expectations as an indicator of achievement orientation.

achievement test n.

ΚΠ

1921 Univ. Illin. Bur. Educ. Res. Bull. 6 5 The plan consists of establishing for the achievement tests mental age norms which are used to supplement the usual grade norms.

1999 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 18 Nov. 20/2 European countries have similar achievement tests, such as the baccalauréat , the Abitur , and the Laurea.

b. Forming adjectives in combination with past participles.

achievement-oriented adj.

ΚΠ

1950 Social Forces 28 384/2 The problems of tenure and seniority in our kind of achievement-oriented society reflect this fact.

2003 Jrnl. Contemp. Hist. 38 374 Sports are the mirror image of—rather than an emancipatory alternative to—the repressive, exploitive, achievement-oriented world of work.

C2.

achievement motivation n. motivation or drive to excel or attain goals.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > motivation > [noun] > specific

self-motivation1921

achievement motivation1949

1949 D. McClelland & A. M. Liberman in Jrnl. Personality 18 247 Our measures..are not reflecting simply a temporary motivational state but do in fact represent..the level of achievement motivation a subject maintains over a period of months.

2005 Time 14 Nov. 51/3 Ongoing studies..have measured achievement motivation—lab language for ambition—in identical siblings separated at birth.

achievement quotient n. a numerical measure of a student's actual achievement relative to his or her potential achievement; cf. accomplishment quotient n. at accomplishment n. Compounds; abbreviated AQ.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > psychology > developmental psychology > acquisition of knowledge > test of mental ability > response to test > [noun]

performance1898

accomplishment quotient1920

achievement quotient1921

1921 Univ. Illin. Bur. Educ. Res. Bull. 6 5 Provision is made for comparing a pupil's achievement score..with the norm corresponding to his mental age by dividing his achievement age by the standard score for his mental age. This quotient is called the Achievement Quotient.

1996 Jerusalem Post (Nexis) 26 Sept. 3/2 The achievement quotient listed above is almost certainly not matched in the recent history of any other Western (or, for that matter, non-Western) country in the world.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	achievement
释义	achievementn. Brit. /əˈtʃiːvm(ə)nt/, U.S. /əˈtʃivm(ə)nt/ Forms: late Middle English achieuement, 1500s achiuement, 1500s atcheament (in sense 2), 1500s atchieuement, 1500s atchieument, 1500s atchiuement, 1600s–1800s atchievement, 1600s– achievement. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French achevement. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman and Middle French achevement, Middle French achievement (French achèvement ) the action of finishing or completing something (mid 13th cent. in Old French), accomplishment (1338) < achever achieve v. + -ment -ment suffix. Compare earlier achieving n.With sense 2 compare hatchment n.¹; it is possible that this sense may have originated as a reinterpretation of hatchment n.¹, understood as a contracted form (compare forms at that entry). 1. a. The action of achieving something; completion, accomplishment, successful execution.Also with modifying prefix, as non-achievement, over-, under-achievement, etc. (see the first element). ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > completing > [noun] enda1300 chevisancec1330 applyinga1382 perfectiona1382 pointc1385 finishmentc1400 accomplishingc1405 complement1419 consummationa1425 effecta1425 performinga1425 accomplishment1425 fining?1448 complishing1449 complishment1454 achevisauncec1475 achievement1477 perfectinga1513 cheving?1518 furniture1529 achievance1531 exploiture1531 exploiting1538 perimplishment1554 consummating1555 finishing?1563 chevance1570 coronation1582 crowning1586 adimpletion1624 fulfilment1624 complusmenta1628 completure1642 completement1652 transaction1655 patration1656 perfunction1656 completion1657 completing1727 ultimation1791 finality1833 perfectuation1859 fruition1885 the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > [noun] > attainment of goal achievement1477 attainment1549 accomplishment1578 compassing1586 1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 149 With thachieuement of these deuises the kyng Oetes approched..the shippe. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos sig. A i Alle thystorye of his aduentures that he had er he cam to the achieuement of his conquest of ytalye. 1576 T. Newton tr. L. Lemnie Touchstone of Complexions ii. f. 15 All the instruments..of the Senses..attayne thereby stablenes, for the atchieuement of their functions and charges. c1592 Faire Em sig. A3 The blisse That hangs on quicke atchiuement of my loue. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 182 He would vndertake the atchieument of that exploit. 1689 P. Bellon Court Secret ii. 16 Whosoever once set his Hand to that Plough..was not to look back, but to go forwards,..being confident, that the more perillous, the more glorious the Achievement of the thing would be. 1705 J. Browne Secret Hist. Queen Zarah ii. 33 They might spur on my Hopes to the Atchievement of my Desires. a1762 Lady M. W. Montagu Educ. in R. Dodsley Coll. Poems (1763) IV. 45 Ne for th'atchievement of this great emprize The want of means or counsel may ye dread. 1814 R. Southey Roderick ix. 110 So it be lawful, and within the bounds Of possible atchievement. 1860 ‘G. Eliot’ Mill on Floss II. iv. ii. 162 The poor lad brought his first quarter's money, with a delicious sense of achievement, and gave it to his father. 1878 B. Taylor Prince Deukalion i. vi. 46 What virtue lies More in achievement than its hot desire? 1905 E. Wharton House of Mirth i. x. 179 A life in which achievement seemed as squalid as failure. 1946 Nature 3 Aug. 155/1 The relatively rapid achievement of cationic equilibrium between perfusate and soil. 1998 Textile Horizons May 18/3 Mexico is a land of achievement, architecture, and much learning. 2007 Marketing 2 May 57 (advt.) To earn a place on our Board, you'll have a bulletproof record of achievement in developing marketing client relationships. b. Something that has been achieved; an action or result accomplished through effort, skill, or courage; a feat. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > doing > [noun] > an act or deed > exceptional or remarkable adventurec1300 bearinga1387 feata1400 hardiment1487 facta1525 derring-do1579 achievement1583 adventry1616 coup d'éclat1668 exploit1725 venture1810 stunt1892 a hard act to follow1942 the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > [noun] > one who or that which is successful > that which is successful > an achievement feata1400 wonder-worka1400 exploitc1425 achievance1531 achievement1583 attaining1606 attainment1665 effort1857 get1992 1583 B. Melbancke Philotimus (new ed.) 73 The custom of ye Carthaginians, by which they wore so many ringes in their chaines, in signe of honour, as they had bene at victorious atchieuements. 1591 W. Raleigh Rep. Fight Iles of Açores sig. A4 [They] were all sent backe againe to their countries, to witnesse and recount the worthy achieuements of their inuincible and dreadfull Nauy. 1596 W. Warner Albions Eng. (rev. ed.) xi. lxix. 291 We intreate of great Achiuements done By English, in contrarie Clymes. 1678 T. Jordan Triumphs of London in J. B. Heath Some Acct. Worshipful Company of Grocers (1869) 522 You might see an hundred persons confusedly scrambling in the dirt for the frail atchievement of a bunch of raisins. 1767 F. Fawkes tr. Theocritus Idylliums xxiv. 233 And each achievement where fair fame is sought, Harpalycus, the son of Hermes, taught. 1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature II. 367 The many and great atchievements attributed to heroes of the first ages. 1824 T. F. Dibdin Libr. Compan. 161 The achievements of Agincourt and Waterloo. 1831 D. Brewster Life I. Newton xix. 328 The achievements of genius, like the source from which they spring, are indestructible. 1877 Spirit of Times 24 Nov. 454/2 That banquet was a ‘feast of intellect’, as well as a culinary achievement of the highest order. 1934 P. Hutchison in N.Y. Times Bk. Rev. 9 Sept. 2/3 ‘The Fly,’ as a pure achievement in horror fiction..must be ranked as one of the world's masterpieces within that disagreeable genre. 1964 Ann. Reg. 1963 185 Among other notable American achievements in space during the year was the launching of a communications satellite. 1996 E. Lovelace Salt xi. 199 He would add to his achievements the ability to sing any of the current calypsos and at least the chorus of the older ones. 2007 Daily Tel. 13 June 20/1 The reopened Royal Festival Hall is a rare achievement of modesty and taste. 2. Heraldry. Originally: an escutcheon or armorial device, esp. one granted in recognition of a distinguished feat. Later: a representation of all the armorial devices to which a bearer of arms is entitled. Formerly also: †a square or diamond-shaped panel or canvas with a deceased person's armorial bearings, affixed to his or her house during mourning or placed in a church; cf. hatchment n.¹ ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > [noun] > armorial bearings or coat of arms armsc1325 blazonc1325 heraldy1390 coat-armour1393 coatc1400 hatchment1522 coat of arms1562 tokens1562 achievement1572 heraldry1594 coat-arms1623 emblazonment1799 1572 J. Bossewell Wks. Armorie f. 106 ^v All whiche atchieuementes before displayed, is within the Garter cotized of two Lions de ermine. 1586 J. Ferne Blazon of Gentrie 186 The creast, tymber, mantell, or worde, bee no part of the coat-armour; they be addicions called atcheaments. 1610 J. Guillim Display of Heraldrie vi. v. 263 An Atchievement, according to Leigh, is the Armes of euery Gentleman wel Marshalled with the Supporters, Helme, Wreath and Creasts, etc. 1753 T. Gray Long Story in Six Poems 14 To raise the cieling's fretted height, Each pannel in achievements cloathing. 1868 A. P. Stanley Hist. Mem. Westm. Abbey iv. 201 Graves, piled with the standards and achievements of the noble families of Florence. 1914 F. J. Grant Man. Heraldry (rev. ed.) 53 Achievement, the coat of arms (helmet, crest, mantling, motto) fully emblazoned according to the rules of heraldry. 1990 Antiquaries Jrnl. 70 73 The central corbel supports an architrave with broken triangular segmented pediment, enclosing an achievement of arms. Compounds C1. a. General attributive (chiefly Education and Psychology). achievement age n. ΚΠ 1921 Univ. Illin. Bur. Educ. Res. Bull. 6 5 Medians are the mental age norms, which are used as a basis for translating the point scores into achievement ages. 1986 Learning Disability Q. 9 216/2 Each..child's predicted score was translated into age months to arrive at an expected achievement age. achievement gap n. ΚΠ 1956 Washington Post 13 Oct. 14/4 The validity of this judgment is questionable, as it is based, in many instances on a comparison of achievement records of Negro and white pupils, while it overlooks one of the main causes of the achievement gap—inequality of the dual system of education. 2000 N.Y. Times 3 Aug. a28/4 For eight years, the achievement gap in our schools has grown worse, poor and disadvantaged children falling further and further behind. achievement orientation n. ΚΠ 1951 D. C. McClelland Personality x. 357 If independence training is begun before the child is really capable of performing..the skills required of him, his thinking is likely to be colored thereafter by an achievement orientation. 2003 Contemp. Sociol. 32 696/2 Some may quibble with the use of educational expectations as an indicator of achievement orientation. achievement test n. ΚΠ 1921 Univ. Illin. Bur. Educ. Res. Bull. 6 5 The plan consists of establishing for the achievement tests mental age norms which are used to supplement the usual grade norms. 1999 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 18 Nov. 20/2 European countries have similar achievement tests, such as the baccalauréat , the Abitur , and the Laurea. b. Forming adjectives in combination with past participles. achievement-oriented adj. ΚΠ 1950 Social Forces 28 384/2 The problems of tenure and seniority in our kind of achievement-oriented society reflect this fact. 2003 Jrnl. Contemp. Hist. 38 374 Sports are the mirror image of—rather than an emancipatory alternative to—the repressive, exploitive, achievement-oriented world of work. C2. achievement motivation n. motivation or drive to excel or attain goals. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > [noun] > specific self-motivation1921 achievement motivation1949 1949 D. McClelland & A. M. Liberman in Jrnl. Personality 18 247 Our measures..are not reflecting simply a temporary motivational state but do in fact represent..the level of achievement motivation a subject maintains over a period of months. 2005 Time 14 Nov. 51/3 Ongoing studies..have measured achievement motivation—lab language for ambition—in identical siblings separated at birth. achievement quotient n. a numerical measure of a student's actual achievement relative to his or her potential achievement; cf. accomplishment quotient n. at accomplishment n. Compounds; abbreviated AQ. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > psychology > developmental psychology > acquisition of knowledge > test of mental ability > response to test > [noun] performance1898 accomplishment quotient1920 achievement quotient1921 1921 Univ. Illin. Bur. Educ. Res. Bull. 6 5 Provision is made for comparing a pupil's achievement score..with the norm corresponding to his mental age by dividing his achievement age by the standard score for his mental age. This quotient is called the Achievement Quotient. 1996 Jerusalem Post (Nexis) 26 Sept. 3/2 The achievement quotient listed above is almost certainly not matched in the recent history of any other Western (or, for that matter, non-Western) country in the world. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1477
随便看	take care of the pence, and the pounds will take care of themselves take centre take chaise take charge take check take cheer in hand take christendom take christenhead take coach take cognizance of take cold take collection take colour with take comfort take communion take compassion take compassion of take compassion upon take congee take control take counsel take counsel of one's pillow take courage take course take course to do something