tharmn.

/θɑːm/

Forms: Old English Angl. tharm, þarm, WSax. þearm, thearm; Middle English þærm, þerm, Middle English þarm, Middle English þearm, Middle English thaarme, Middle English– tharm; (1500s–1600s dialect therm, 1700s–1800s Scottish therm, thairm).

Etymology: Old English þarm, þearm = Old Frisian therm (West Frisian term), Old Low German *þarm (Middle Dutch darm, darem, Dutch darm, Old High German darm, daram (Middle High German, Middle Low German, German darm), Old Norse þarmr (Swedish, Danish tarm) < Germanic *þarm-o^z, < Indo-European ablaut series ter: tor: tr to go through. Compare Greek τρῆμα perforation, τράμις perineum.

Now dialect.

1. An intestine; chiefly in plural, bowels, viscera, entrails; in quot. a1500 transferred.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > intestines > [noun]

tharma700

ropeeOE

wombeOE

entrailc1330

arse-ropesa1382

entraila1382

bowel1393

bellyc1400

manifold?c1400

gutc1460

tripe?a1505

trillibub1519

puddingsa1525

singles1567

fibre1598

intestine1598

gutlet1615

colon1622

garbage1638

pud1706

intestinule1836

a700 Epinal Gloss. (O.E.T.) 503 Intestinum, thearm.

c725 Corpus Gloss. 2140 Viscera, tharme, thumle.

c725 Corpus Gloss. 870 Fibra, þearm.

c1000 Ælfric Gram. (Z.) xiii. 85 Exta, þearmas.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 411 Moni þusend þer flowen þærmes heo droȝen [c1300 Otho þarmes idrowen].

1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 702 Of þe chylde þat she bare..Al to-drawe were þe þarmys.

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 949 Þay stykede þorȝ guttes & þearmes so foule with hem þei ferde.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 490/1 Thaarme (or gutte), sumen, viscus.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xiii. 142 A house full of yong tharmes, The dewill knok outt thare harnes!

1535 Bible (Coverdale) 2 Macc. ix. 5 There came vpon him an horrible payne of his bowels, & a sore grefe of the tharmes.

1721 J. Kelly Compl. Coll. Scotish Prov. 137 He that has a wide Therm, had never a long Arm.

1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Tharm, the colon.

2. An intestine as cleansed and prepared for some purpose: see quots. Also, in singular, as a substance or material; catgut for fiddle-strings, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > other animal raw materials > [noun] > gut

bowela1475

therm1549

tharm1671

guta1774

tharm-string1787

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > [noun] > parts generally > string > material of

catling1578

catgut1599

sheep's gut1600

tharm1671

tharm-string1787

camel-gut1879

1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus ii. f. 3^v Eustathius..doeth tel, that in oulde tyme they made theyr bowe strynges of bullox thermes.

1631 S. Jerome Arraignem. Whole Creature xvi. 291 The strings made of Wolves will never tune right with those made of the Thermes of Sheepe.]

1671 S. Skinner & T. Henshaw Etymologicon Linguæ Anglicanæ Tharm, vox agro Linc. usitatissima pro Intestinis mundatis ad Botulos seu Farcinima paranda inflatis.

1674 J. Ray N. Country Words Tharm, guts prepared, cleansed, and blown up for to receive puddings; Lincolnsh.

1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Tharm, intestines twisted for several uses.

1786 R. Burns To Haggis in Poems & Songs (1968) I. 310 Aboon them a' ye tak your place, Painch, tripe, or thairm.

1787 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 215 Come, screw the pegs wi' tunefu' cheep, And o'er the thairms be tryin.

1816 J. Cleland Rise & Progress Glasgow (1820) 275 A work in which Therm was manufactured from the intestines of animals.

1824 W. Scott Redgauntlet I. x. 208 The best fiddler that ever kittled thairm with horse-hair.

1881 W. Anderson in D. H. Edwards Mod. Sc. Poets 2nd Ser. 238 Thairm, to mount a spinnin wheel.

Compounds

attributive and in other combinations, as tharm-band, tharm-string.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > other animal raw materials > [noun] > gut

bowela1475

therm1549

tharm1671

guta1774

tharm-string1787

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > [noun] > parts generally > string > material of

catling1578

catgut1599

sheep's gut1600

tharm1671

tharm-string1787

camel-gut1879

1787 R. Burns Poems (new ed.) 81 O had M‘Lauchlan, thairm-inspiring Sage, Been there to hear this heavenly band engage.

1788 G. Turnbull Poet. Ess. 185 Therm-strings for spinning Wheels and fiddles.

1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. Thairm-band, a string or cord of catgut for..a spinning-wheel.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	tharm
释义	tharmn. /θɑːm/ Forms: Old English Angl. tharm, þarm, WSax. þearm, thearm; Middle English þærm, þerm, Middle English þarm, Middle English þearm, Middle English thaarme, Middle English– tharm; (1500s–1600s dialect therm, 1700s–1800s Scottish therm, thairm). Etymology: Old English þarm, þearm = Old Frisian therm (West Frisian term), Old Low German þarm (Middle Dutch darm, darem, Dutch darm, Old High German darm, daram* (Middle High German, Middle Low German, German darm), Old Norse þarmr (Swedish, Danish tarm) < Germanic þarm-o^z, < Indo-European ablaut series ter: tor: tr to go through. Compare Greek τρῆμα* perforation, τράμις perineum. Now dialect. 1. An intestine; chiefly in plural, bowels, viscera, entrails; in quot. a1500 transferred. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > intestines > [noun] tharma700 ropeeOE wombeOE entrailc1330 arse-ropesa1382 entraila1382 bowel1393 bellyc1400 manifold?c1400 gutc1460 tripe?a1505 trillibub1519 puddingsa1525 singles1567 fibre1598 intestine1598 gutlet1615 colon1622 garbage1638 pud1706 intestinule1836 a700 Epinal Gloss. (O.E.T.) 503 Intestinum, thearm. c725 Corpus Gloss. 2140 Viscera, tharme, thumle. c725 Corpus Gloss. 870 Fibra, þearm. c1000 Ælfric Gram. (Z.) xiii. 85 Exta, þearmas. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 411 Moni þusend þer flowen þærmes heo droȝen [c1300 Otho þarmes idrowen]. 1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 702 Of þe chylde þat she bare..Al to-drawe were þe þarmys. c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 949 Þay stykede þorȝ guttes & þearmes so foule with hem þei ferde. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 490/1 Thaarme (or gutte), sumen, viscus. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xiii. 142 A house full of yong tharmes, The dewill knok outt thare harnes! 1535 Bible (Coverdale) 2 Macc. ix. 5 There came vpon him an horrible payne of his bowels, & a sore grefe of the tharmes. 1721 J. Kelly Compl. Coll. Scotish Prov. 137 He that has a wide Therm, had never a long Arm. 1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Tharm, the colon. 2. An intestine as cleansed and prepared for some purpose: see quots. Also, in singular, as a substance or material; catgut for fiddle-strings, etc. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > other animal raw materials > [noun] > gut bowela1475 therm1549 tharm1671 guta1774 tharm-string1787 society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > [noun] > parts generally > string > material of catling1578 catgut1599 sheep's gut1600 tharm1671 tharm-string1787 camel-gut1879 1545 R. Ascham Toxophilus ii. f. 3^v Eustathius..doeth tel, that in oulde tyme they made theyr bowe strynges of bullox thermes. 1631 S. Jerome Arraignem. Whole Creature xvi. 291 The strings made of Wolves will never tune right with those made of the Thermes of Sheepe.] 1671 S. Skinner & T. Henshaw Etymologicon Linguæ Anglicanæ Tharm, vox agro Linc. usitatissima pro Intestinis mundatis ad Botulos seu Farcinima paranda inflatis. 1674 J. Ray N. Country Words Tharm, guts prepared, cleansed, and blown up for to receive puddings; Lincolnsh. 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Tharm, intestines twisted for several uses. 1786 R. Burns To Haggis in Poems & Songs (1968) I. 310 Aboon them a' ye tak your place, Painch, tripe, or thairm. 1787 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) I. 215 Come, screw the pegs wi' tunefu' cheep, And o'er the thairms be tryin. 1816 J. Cleland Rise & Progress Glasgow (1820) 275 A work in which Therm was manufactured from the intestines of animals. 1824 W. Scott Redgauntlet I. x. 208 The best fiddler that ever kittled thairm with horse-hair. 1881 W. Anderson in D. H. Edwards Mod. Sc. Poets 2nd Ser. 238 Thairm, to mount a spinnin wheel. Compounds attributive and in other combinations, as tharm-band, tharm-string. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > other animal raw materials > [noun] > gut bowela1475 therm1549 tharm1671 guta1774 tharm-string1787 society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > [noun] > parts generally > string > material of catling1578 catgut1599 sheep's gut1600 tharm1671 tharm-string1787 camel-gut1879 1787 R. Burns Poems (new ed.) 81 O had M‘Lauchlan, thairm-inspiring Sage, Been there to hear this heavenly band engage. 1788 G. Turnbull Poet. Ess. 185 Therm-strings for spinning Wheels and fiddles. 1825 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. Suppl. Thairm-band, a string or cord of catgut for..a spinning-wheel. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.a700
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