单词 | theow |
释义 | theowthewn.adj. Now historical or archaic. A. n. a. A slave, bondman, thrall. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > slavery or bondage > [noun] > slave theowc893 thrallc950 young manOE slavec1290 boyc1300 servanta1325 bondc1330 bondmana1340 manciplea1387 man's-bond?a1400 thrillc1480 thrillmanc1480 serf1483 bondservant1535 bondslave1561 bondling1587 slave-boy1607 slave-labourer1607 chattel1649 bondsman1713 livestock1755 esne1819 thirl-man1871 task-labourer1897 c893 tr. Orosius Hist. i. i. §22 Þa þeowan drincað medo. c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care Pref. 4 Micel menigu Godes ðeowa [Hatton MS. ðiowa]. a950 in J. Stevenson Rituale Ecclesiæ Dunelmensis (1840) 170 Besih ofer vsig ðea ðino [L. famulos tuos]. c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. viii. 9 Ic cueðo..ðeua [Rushw. ðeow] minum do ðis & does. c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xviii 28 Þa se þeowa [Hatton þeowe] ut-eode he gemette hys efen~þeowan. c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xx. 27 Sy he eower þeow [Lindisf. ðea vel ðegn, Rushw. esne]. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 7454 An defless þeww. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 31 Adam wass wurrþenn deofless þeoww. c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 181 Ðus was adam þeu, þo godes muð cursede eorðe. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 14667 Þenne moste he libben. þeou a þisse londe. c1320 Cast. Love 249 Þeuwe and þral may not craue Þorw riht non heritage to haue. b. A female slave, a bondwoman. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > slavery or bondage > [noun] > slave > female theowa900 ambohtc1175 thrallessa1382 bondwoman1387 serve1480 bondmaid1526 naif1531 maid slave1585 slave-girl1607 slave woman1607 woman bond1675 house girl1791 thrall-woman1886 bondswoman- a900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) iv. xii. [ix.] 290 Seo fore~sprecene Cristes þeowe. c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. xxvi. 69 An ðiua [Rushw. menen vel þeowæ] cueð. c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Luke xii. 45 gife..esne..onginneð..slaa ða cnæhtas & ðiuwas [Rushw. ða ðiowe, L. pueros et ancillas]. 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (Tollem. MS) vi. xii Sche is þewe and þralle er he be bore. [Old English þéow, plural þéowe; later plural þewe, thue.] Servile, slavish; ‘bond’. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > slavery or bondage > [adjective] > enslaved or in bondage theowc888 thrall1297 bond1330 unfreec1380 servile1447 boundenc1480 thralled1527 bound1532 thirl1582 enthralled?1587 slaved1639 beslaved1656 enslaved1667 bondaged1790 unemancipated1811 c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xli. §2 gif him sceolden þiowe men þenian. c893 tr. Orosius Hist. iii. vi. §3 Hit þurh ænne þeowne mon geypped wearð. c1000 Ælfric Gram. (Z.) ix. 67 Hic manceps, þes ðeowa mann. c1000 Ælfric Gram. xv. 101 Meis mancipiis diuido denarios, minum ðeowum mannum ic dæle penegas. a1023 Wulfstan Homilies xxxix. 181 Þeowemen þa ðrig dagas beon weorces gefreode. a1225 St. Marher. 4 Cuð me..ȝef þu art foster of freo monne oðer þeow wummon. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 169 Al heo weren þeowe [c1300 Otho þeue]. c1290 Beket 279 in S. Eng. Leg. I. 114 Þat word was sone wide couth a-mong þeuwe and freo. 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 9657 Þuman ne may nowȝt be imad aȝen is louerdes wille fre. c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 2205 Alle samen, þeu and fre. c1400 St. Alexius (Laud 463) 2 Ȝong & olde, thewe & freo. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † theowthewv. Obsolete. transitive. To be a serf or servant to; to serve, minister. (In Old English intransitive with dative, or absol.) ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > serve [verb] theowc888 theinea900 society > authority > subjection > service > servant > act as servant [verb] theowc888 theinea900 c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxi. §1 Þa ðeowiað ealle þa þe ðeowiað, ge ða þe cunnon ge þa þe ne cunnon. c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxxix. §13 Hi ne mihton elles bion, gif hi ne ðiowedon hiora fruman. c975 Rushw. Gosp. Matt. iv. 10 To dryhtne þinum gode ðu to gebidde & him anum ðewige. c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Corpus Cambr.) xvi. 13 Ne mæg nan þeow twam hlafordum þeowian [c1160 Hatton G. þewian]. a1175 Cott. Hom. 241 Nan ne mai twan hlaforde..samod þowie. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 4994 Heo him wolden þiwien [c1300 Otho be þeouwe]. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.adj.c888v.c888 |
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