† thestern.

Forms: Old English ðiostru, -tro, þeostru, ðiestru, þystru, -o, Middle English þeostre, Middle English þuster, Middle English þustre, Middle English þestri, þester, Middle English thestre, Middle English thestur.

Etymology: Old English ðíestru , þéostru , feminine (originally of the -î declension) = Old Saxon thiustrî ; also Old English ðíestre , þéostre , plural -ru , neuter; < thester adj.

Obsolete.

Darkness. literal and figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > [noun]

thesternessc888

thesterc897

murkOE

theosterleykc1000

darkc1300

darkheadc1300

murknessa1325

therknessa1325

darknessc1350

tenebres1413

tenebrousa1450

obscurity1481

tenebrosity1490

obscureness1509

dern?a1513

sable?a1513

darksomeness1571

fuliginousness1576

darkishness1583

murksomeness1625

obscure1667

soot1789

tenebrity1789

nightness1839

raylessness1843

lightlessness1845

darkling1882

unlight1883

the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > imperfect perception > [noun]

thesterc897

blindness971

obscurationa1550

twilight1610

ablepsy1616

obcaecationa1631

mind-blindness1649

blear-eyedness1653

short-sightedness1670

blearedness1678

crassitude1679

myopia1801

purblindness1834

bat-mindedness1869

myopism1880

short sighta1888

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > want of knowledge, ignorance > intellectual ignorance > [noun]

thesterc897

blindness971

theosterleykc1000

darkness?c1425

offuscation1502

obscurationa1550

Cimmerianism1630

benightment1651

blindfoldedness1863

benightedness1865

c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care xxxv. 244 Se dæg bið ierres dæg & ðiestra ðæg.

a900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) v. xiii. [xii.] 426 He mec forlet in middum þæm þeostrum.

OE Beowulf 87 Se þe in þystrum bad.

c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xxii. 13 Wurpaþ hyne on þa uttran þystro [c1160 Hatton G. þeostran, Rushw. ðiostre, Lindisf. ðiostrum].

c1175 Lamb. Hom. 131 He ledde heom of þeostran and of scadewe.

a1250 Owl & Nightingale 230 Hit luuyeþ þuster & hateþ lyht.

c1315 Shoreham v. 130 Þaȝ hyt were þustre of nyȝt.

a1400–50 Alexander 4627 Quen it walows & wannes all oure thestres.

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 1775 Þay þrongen þeder in þe þester.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 4629 Thunret in the thestur throly with all.

Derivatives

† theosterleyk n. ( Orm.þeossterrleȝȝc) Obsolete darkness.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > [noun]

thesternessc888

thesterc897

murkOE

theosterleykc1000

darkc1300

darkheadc1300

murknessa1325

therknessa1325

darknessc1350

tenebres1413

tenebrousa1450

obscurity1481

tenebrosity1490

obscureness1509

dern?a1513

sable?a1513

darksomeness1571

fuliginousness1576

darkishness1583

murksomeness1625

obscure1667

soot1789

tenebrity1789

nightness1839

raylessness1843

lightlessness1845

darkling1882

unlight1883

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > want of knowledge, ignorance > intellectual ignorance > [noun]

thesterc897

blindness971

theosterleykc1000

darkness?c1425

offuscation1502

obscurationa1550

Cimmerianism1630

benightment1651

blindfoldedness1863

benightedness1865

c1000 Ælfric Homilies II. 350 Se engel me lædde..to anre þeostorfulre stowe.

c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) vi. 23 Eall þin lic-hama byð ðysterfull [c1160 Hatton G. þeosterful].

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 2964 I þiss lifess þeossterrleȝȝc.

† ˈthesterful adj. (also þeosterful) Obsolete full of darkness.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

† thesteradj.

Forms: Old English ðiostre, * ðiestre, þystre, þiostor, Old English–Middle English þeoster ( -or, -ur), Old English–Middle English þeostre, Middle English þiestre, þostre, Middle English þestre, Middle English þester, Middle English þuster, -re, þestere, ( Orm. þessterr), Middle English þyestre, þister, þyster, Middle English thester, thestir, Middle English thestur.

Etymology: Old English þíostre, þéostre, in West Saxon (with umlaut) þíestre, þýstre, = Old Saxon thiustri, Old Frisian thiustere, Middle Dutch dûster (Dutch duister, Middle Low German, Low German, German düster), < Old Germanic *þiustr-jo^z. Ulterior etymology uncertain.

Obsolete.

Dark. literal and figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > imperfect perception > [adjective]

thestera900

thestria900

blindc1000

blindfoldc1450

blinkard?1528

purblind1533

blinded1535

blear-eyed1561

obcaecate1568

unilluminated1579

fonda1592

blear-witted1600

short-sighted1622

baby-blind1627

obcaecated1641

misty-brained1649

twilighta1677

blindfolded1730

short-sighted1736

unpliable1769

misty1820

myopical1830

visionless1856

myopic1891

blinkered1897

the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > darkness or gloom > [adjective]

duneOE

thestera900

thestria900

wana1000

darkfulOE

fadec1290

obscurousa1492

black-faced1562

murkyc1590

gloomy1594

tenebrous1599

solemn1604

overcast1616

mungy1632

shady1746

sombrous1754

sombre1760

gloomyish1821

gloomfula1849

ebonine1881

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > want of knowledge, ignorance > intellectual ignorance > [adjective]

thestera900

thestria900

blindc1000

darkc1350

lightless?1406

obscurea1500

mistya1522

blinded1535

unilluminated1579

unlightened1587

stone-blind1596

endarkened1612

dark1628

benighted1637

unenlightened1650

bedarkened1655

unirradiated1792

darkened1856

a900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) v. xiii. [xii.] 426 Under ðæm scuan þære ðeostran nihte.

OE Beowulf 2332 Breost innan weoll þeostrum geþoncum.

c1000 Ags. Ps. (1835) xvii[i]. 11 Þa hangode swiðe þystru wæter on þam wolcnum.

c1175 Cott. Hom. 233 H[e] sweueð hus mid þiestre nicht.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 16774 Nicodem Þatt comm till ure laferrd. O þessterr nahht.

c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 39 Al þis lif..is to nihte iefned, for þat it is swa þester of ure ateliche synnes.

?a1300 XI Pains Hell 121 in Old Eng. Misc. 150 Þe stude is þustrore þene þe nyht.

?a1300 XI Pains Hell 121 in Old Eng. Misc. 225 Þustrur þane þe nyht.

c1315 Shoreham v. 146 Be hyt þyster, be hyt lyȝt.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 45 Þise zelleres of cloþ þet chieseþ þe þyestre stedes huer hi zelleþ hare cloþ.

?a1500 Chester Pl. (Shaks. Soc.) I. 226 He maie goe no thester waie.

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 2362 He þrong into þicke wodes, þester within.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

† thesterv.

Forms: Old English ð-, þeostrian, þiestrian, þystrian, Middle English þestrian, Middle English þ(e)ostren, Middle English þustren, Middle English þester, (perhaps transmission error) sestre.

Etymology: Old English þéostrian, þíestrian, < þéostre, thester adj. Compare German düstern.

Obsolete.

1. intransitive. To become dark, grow dim.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > become dark [verb (intransitive)]

a-thesterc885

thestera900

swerkOE

darken?a1300

dima1300

therkc1300

murkc1330

darka1393

mirkena1400

formirkenc1430

obscure?a1513

cloud1598

darkle1823

a900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) v. xiii. [xii.] 426 Þa geseah ic..onginnan ðeostrian ða stowe.

c1000 Ælfric Genesis xlviii. 10 Israheles eagan þystrodon for þære micclan ylde.

1154 Anglo-Saxon Chron. ann. 1135 (Laud) Þa þestrede þe dæi ouer al landes.

c1175 Lamb. Hom. 143 Steorren sculen þeostren.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2283 Þeostrede [c1300 Otho þustrede] þa wolcne.

2. transitive. To make dark, darken; to dim.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > make dark [verb (transitive)]

thesterc888

darkc1300

endark?c1400

darken?1521

endarken1569

Cimmerianize1600

sable1610

blinda1643

pitch1664

embrown1667

disilluminate1865

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > keeping from knowledge > keep from knowledge [verb (transitive)] > obscure > the mind or understanding

thesterc888

ablendOE

blendc1175

blindfold1581

c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxxviii. §5 Se dæg blent & þiostrað heora eagan.

c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Mark xiii. 24 Sunna bið ge-ðiostrod.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 75 Þet ha nu her þeostrit ham seoluen.

a1300 E.E. Psalter lxxiii. 20 Ful-filled er þai þa Þat sestrede [v.r. cestered] er in mirkenes.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

n.c897

adj.a900

v.c888

单词	thester
释义	† thestern. Forms: Old English ðiostru, -tro, þeostru, ðiestru, þystru, -o, Middle English þeostre, Middle English þuster, Middle English þustre, Middle English þestri, þester, Middle English thestre, Middle English thestur. Etymology: Old English ðíestru , þéostru , feminine (originally of the -î declension) = Old Saxon thiustrî ; also Old English ðíestre , þéostre , plural -ru , neuter; < thester adj. Obsolete. Darkness. literal and figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > [noun] thesternessc888 thesterc897 murkOE theosterleykc1000 darkc1300 darkheadc1300 murknessa1325 therknessa1325 darknessc1350 tenebres1413 tenebrousa1450 obscurity1481 tenebrosity1490 obscureness1509 dern?a1513 sable?a1513 darksomeness1571 fuliginousness1576 darkishness1583 murksomeness1625 obscure1667 soot1789 tenebrity1789 nightness1839 raylessness1843 lightlessness1845 darkling1882 unlight1883 the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > imperfect perception > [noun] thesterc897 blindness971 obscurationa1550 twilight1610 ablepsy1616 obcaecationa1631 mind-blindness1649 blear-eyedness1653 short-sightedness1670 blearedness1678 crassitude1679 myopia1801 purblindness1834 bat-mindedness1869 myopism1880 short sighta1888 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > want of knowledge, ignorance > intellectual ignorance > [noun] thesterc897 blindness971 theosterleykc1000 darkness?c1425 offuscation1502 obscurationa1550 Cimmerianism1630 benightment1651 blindfoldedness1863 benightedness1865 c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care xxxv. 244 Se dæg bið ierres dæg & ðiestra ðæg. a900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) v. xiii. [xii.] 426 He mec forlet in middum þæm þeostrum. OE Beowulf 87 Se þe in þystrum bad. c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xxii. 13 Wurpaþ hyne on þa uttran þystro [c1160 Hatton G. þeostran, Rushw. ðiostre, Lindisf. ðiostrum]. c1175 Lamb. Hom. 131 He ledde heom of þeostran and of scadewe. a1250 Owl & Nightingale 230 Hit luuyeþ þuster & hateþ lyht. c1315 Shoreham v. 130 Þaȝ hyt were þustre of nyȝt. a1400–50 Alexander 4627 Quen it walows & wannes all oure thestres. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 1775 Þay þrongen þeder in þe þester. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 4629 Thunret in the thestur throly with all. Derivatives † theosterleyk n. ( Orm.þeossterrleȝȝc) Obsolete darkness. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > [noun] thesternessc888 thesterc897 murkOE theosterleykc1000 darkc1300 darkheadc1300 murknessa1325 therknessa1325 darknessc1350 tenebres1413 tenebrousa1450 obscurity1481 tenebrosity1490 obscureness1509 dern?a1513 sable?a1513 darksomeness1571 fuliginousness1576 darkishness1583 murksomeness1625 obscure1667 soot1789 tenebrity1789 nightness1839 raylessness1843 lightlessness1845 darkling1882 unlight1883 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > want of knowledge, ignorance > intellectual ignorance > [noun] thesterc897 blindness971 theosterleykc1000 darkness?c1425 offuscation1502 obscurationa1550 Cimmerianism1630 benightment1651 blindfoldedness1863 benightedness1865 c1000 Ælfric Homilies II. 350 Se engel me lædde..to anre þeostorfulre stowe. c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) vi. 23 Eall þin lic-hama byð ðysterfull [c1160 Hatton G. þeosterful]. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 2964 I þiss lifess þeossterrleȝȝc. † ˈthesterful adj. (also þeosterful) Obsolete full of darkness. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online December 2020). † thesteradj. Forms: Old English ðiostre, * ðiestre, þystre, þiostor, Old English–Middle English þeoster ( -or, -ur), Old English–Middle English þeostre, Middle English þiestre, þostre, Middle English þestre, Middle English þester, Middle English þuster, -re, þestere, ( Orm. þessterr), Middle English þyestre, þister, þyster, Middle English thester, thestir, Middle English thestur. Etymology: Old English þíostre, þéostre, in West Saxon (with umlaut) þíestre, þýstre, = Old Saxon thiustri, Old Frisian thiustere, Middle Dutch dûster (Dutch duister, Middle Low German, Low German, German düster), < Old Germanic *þiustr-jo^z. Ulterior etymology uncertain. Obsolete. Dark. literal and figurative. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > imperfect perception > [adjective] thestera900 thestria900 blindc1000 blindfoldc1450 blinkard?1528 purblind1533 blinded1535 blear-eyed1561 obcaecate1568 unilluminated1579 fonda1592 blear-witted1600 short-sighted1622 baby-blind1627 obcaecated1641 misty-brained1649 twilighta1677 blindfolded1730 short-sighted1736 unpliable1769 misty1820 myopical1830 visionless1856 myopic1891 blinkered1897 the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > darkness or gloom > [adjective] duneOE thestera900 thestria900 wana1000 darkfulOE fadec1290 obscurousa1492 black-faced1562 murkyc1590 gloomy1594 tenebrous1599 solemn1604 overcast1616 mungy1632 shady1746 sombrous1754 sombre1760 gloomyish1821 gloomfula1849 ebonine1881 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > want of knowledge, ignorance > intellectual ignorance > [adjective] thestera900 thestria900 blindc1000 darkc1350 lightless?1406 obscurea1500 mistya1522 blinded1535 unilluminated1579 unlightened1587 stone-blind1596 endarkened1612 dark1628 benighted1637 unenlightened1650 bedarkened1655 unirradiated1792 darkened1856 a900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) v. xiii. [xii.] 426 Under ðæm scuan þære ðeostran nihte. OE Beowulf 2332 Breost innan weoll þeostrum geþoncum. c1000 Ags. Ps. (1835) xvii[i]. 11 Þa hangode swiðe þystru wæter on þam wolcnum. c1175 Cott. Hom. 233 H[e] sweueð hus mid þiestre nicht. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 16774 Nicodem Þatt comm till ure laferrd. O þessterr nahht. c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 39 Al þis lif..is to nihte iefned, for þat it is swa þester of ure ateliche synnes. ?a1300 XI Pains Hell 121 in Old Eng. Misc. 150 Þe stude is þustrore þene þe nyht. ?a1300 XI Pains Hell 121 in Old Eng. Misc. 225 Þustrur þane þe nyht. c1315 Shoreham v. 146 Be hyt þyster, be hyt lyȝt. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 45 Þise zelleres of cloþ þet chieseþ þe þyestre stedes huer hi zelleþ hare cloþ. ?a1500 Chester Pl. (Shaks. Soc.) I. 226 He maie goe no thester waie. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 2362 He þrong into þicke wodes, þester within. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † thesterv. Forms: Old English ð-, þeostrian, þiestrian, þystrian, Middle English þestrian, Middle English þ(e)ostren, Middle English þustren, Middle English þester, (perhaps transmission error) sestre. Etymology: Old English þéostrian, þíestrian, < þéostre, thester adj. Compare German düstern. Obsolete. 1. intransitive. To become dark, grow dim. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > become dark [verb (intransitive)] a-thesterc885 thestera900 swerkOE darken?a1300 dima1300 therkc1300 murkc1330 darka1393 mirkena1400 formirkenc1430 obscure?a1513 cloud1598 darkle1823 a900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) v. xiii. [xii.] 426 Þa geseah ic..onginnan ðeostrian ða stowe. c1000 Ælfric Genesis xlviii. 10 Israheles eagan þystrodon for þære micclan ylde. 1154 Anglo-Saxon Chron. ann. 1135 (Laud) Þa þestrede þe dæi ouer al landes. c1175 Lamb. Hom. 143 Steorren sculen þeostren. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2283 Þeostrede [c1300 Otho þustrede] þa wolcne. 2. transitive. To make dark, darken; to dim. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > make dark [verb (transitive)] thesterc888 darkc1300 endark?c1400 darken?1521 endarken1569 Cimmerianize1600 sable1610 blinda1643 pitch1664 embrown1667 disilluminate1865 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > keeping from knowledge > keep from knowledge [verb (transitive)] > obscure > the mind or understanding thesterc888 ablendOE blendc1175 blindfold1581 c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxxviii. §5 Se dæg blent & þiostrað heora eagan. c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Mark xiii. 24 Sunna bið ge-ðiostrod. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 75 Þet ha nu her þeostrit ham seoluen. a1300 E.E. Psalter lxxiii. 20 Ful-filled er þai þa Þat sestrede [v.r. cestered] er in mirkenes. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.c897adj.a900v.c888
随便看	birds of a beak birds of a feather birds of a feather flock together birds of heaven birds-eyed birds-foot birds-nie birdscape birdscarer birdseed birdseeds birdseller birdseyed birdsfoot birdshooer birdshot birdshots birdsnaring birdsnie birdsong birdsongs birdspeller birdspotting birdstone birdstuffer