thightadj.

/θʌɪt/

Forms: Middle English thycht (Scottish), Middle English thyght, thyht, 1500s thicht (Scottish), ( theight), 1600s (1800s dialect) thite, thyte, 1600s–1700s (1800s dialect) thight, (1800s dialect theet, theat).

Origin: Apparently a borrowing from early Scandinavian.

Etymology: Found c1375: the earlier form of the word tight adj. Apparently < early Old Norse *þéhtr , in later Old Norse þéttr tight, water-tight, close in texture, solid (Norwegian tjett , tett , Swedish tät , Danish tæt tight, compact, close). Corresponding in form and meaning to West Frisian ticht , Middle Dutch and Middle Low German dicht (whence also modern German dicht in same sense), also to Middle High German dîhte close (whence modern German dialect deicht in Livonia and Estonia). Not known in the earlier stage of any West Germanic language, but would be in Old High German *dîht , Old Saxon and Old Frisian *thicht , Old English *þíht , Gothic *þeihts < Old Germanic *þîhto^z from earlier *þiŋ χto^z , < verbal root *þiŋ χ- to grow: see thee v.¹ Though not evidenced before 1375, the word was doubtless in use in the Danelaw from early times. See also tight adj.

Now dialect.

1. Set or growing closely together; thick-set, dense: said of rain, growing crops, reeds in a marsh, etc. Now dialect.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > rain > [adjective] > heavy

steepc1330

pissingc1475

thightc1480

pouring1577

pashing1581

sad1590

steep-down1601

solid1621

even down1622

sluicy1697

pelting1710

buck1732

steeping1774

peppering1827

sluicing1847

torrential1849

peltering1858

plumping1879

teeming1880

lashing1885

monsoonish1886

sheeting1940

c1480 (a1400) St. Ninian 574 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 320 Þare-with fel þe rane sa thycht þat [etc.].

1787 W. Marshall Provincialisms in Rural Econ. Norfolk II. 390 Thight, applied to turneps or other crops,—close, thickset.

1787 W. Marshall Rural Econ. Norfolk I. 271 There are men,..who are fully aware that the ‘proof’ of their turnep-crop depends more on its ‘tightness’ than on the size of the plant.]

1895 P. H. Emerson Birds, Beasts, & Fishes Norfolk Broadland i. xx. 56 The happy pair [of reed-pheasants] fly about the ‘thyte (thick) reed’, plucking reed-feathers.

†2. Solid, not hollow, whole. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > an opening or aperture > [adjective] > free from empty spaces or solid

thicka1400

solidc1400

thightc1440

unhollow1548

unhollowed1609

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 491/2 Thyht, hool fro brekynge, not brokyn.., integer. Thyht, not hool wythe-in, solidus.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 491/2 Thyhtyn, or make thyht, integro, consolido, solido.

†3. Close, compact, or dense in structure or texture, as a membrane. Obsolete.In quot. 1539 the sense differs little from 1. In some uses also with the notion of being impermeable to moisture, as in 4.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > [adjective]

thickc888

fastOE

sada1375

massya1382

sounda1387

massya1398

corpulent1398

grossa1475

tight1513

massive1526

spiss?1527

solid?1533

thight1539

solidate1542

crass1545

bodily1557

spissy1570

dense1599

consolid1613

materiate1626

crassy1630

cakey1705

rocky1825

1539 Will of Thomas Samson (P.R.O.: PROB. 11/27) f. 258 A thyght nett.

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 86 It is harder then the true skin and more thight.

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 88 Wherefore they referre the cause of the concretion or congealing with Aristotle, to the fastnesse and thightnesse of the Membranes.]

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 387 The coates of the veines are thicke and thight, that nothing but that which is very thinne may sweate out.

1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Thight, (old word) well compacted or knit together.

4. So close in texture or structure as to keep water out; esp. of a ship or boat, so closely compacted and well caulked as to be watertight. Now dialect.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > dryness > [adjective] > waterproof or watertight

waterthight1387

staunch1412

watertight1489

thight1501

waterfast1518

waterproof1725

drop-dry1844

stanching1852

moisture-proof1867

damp-proof1870

damp-proofed1962

1501 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1900) II. 24 Item, for vij pund of rosait to mak the clath thicht..xiiij d.

1587 R. Greene Penelopes Web sig. B Causing his weather beaten shippes to be warped out of the Hauen assoone as they were made theight.

a1625 H. Mainwaring Nomenclator Navalis (Harl. 2301) (at cited word) When the Shipp is staunch and makes but little water, she is thight.

a1665 K. Digby Jrnl. Voy. to Mediterranean (1868) 27 Shee was so leakie as was a great cumber..till shee were vnladen and mended thyte.

a1665 K. Digby Jrnl. Voy. to Mediterranean (1868) 37 The boate seemed to be a fine one and thite, but with long driuing was halfe full of water.

a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Thite, compact, not leaky, water-tight.

1866 T. Edmondston Etymol. Gloss. Shetland & Orkney Dial. 127 Thight, close so as not to admit water, tight.

1877 F. Ross et al. Gloss. Words Holderness (at cited word) A theet roof, a theet cask.

5. Tight, close-fitting, as apparel. dialect.

ΚΠ

a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830)

Derivatives

† ˈthight v. Obsolete (transitive) to make ‘thight’.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > make dense or solid [verb (transitive)]

congealc1384

sadc1384

resolvea1398

thightc1440

condense1477

constipate1546

condensate1555

engross1561

indense1576

sadden1600

settle1611

densate1613

solidate1640

corporify1644

conspissate1647

consolidate1653

conglaciate1660

solidify1799

densify1820

c1440²Thyhtyn [see sense 2].

ˈthightness n. closeness, denseness, tightness.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > [noun]

fastness?a1200

spissitudec1440

solidiousness1495

grossness1527

massiveness1530

substantialness1530

substantiality1535

crassness1545

massiness1559

stiffness1577

spissness1598

solidness1600

density1603

solidity1603

crassitude1604

condensity1611

thightness1615

compactedness1644

compactness1646

body1647

crassities1659

denseness1669

tightnessa1728

corporeity1750

substantiability1816

1615² [see sense 3]. 1787² [see sense 1].

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

单词	thight
释义	thightadj. /θʌɪt/ Forms: Middle English thycht (Scottish), Middle English thyght, thyht, 1500s thicht (Scottish), ( theight), 1600s (1800s dialect) thite, thyte, 1600s–1700s (1800s dialect) thight, (1800s dialect theet, theat). Origin: Apparently a borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymology: Found c1375: the earlier form of the word tight adj. Apparently < early Old Norse þéhtr , in later Old Norse þéttr* tight, water-tight, close in texture, solid (Norwegian tjett , tett , Swedish tät , Danish tæt tight, compact, close). Corresponding in form and meaning to West Frisian ticht , Middle Dutch and Middle Low German dicht (whence also modern German dicht in same sense), also to Middle High German dîhte close (whence modern German dialect deicht in Livonia and Estonia). Not known in the earlier stage of any West Germanic language, but would be in Old High German dîht , Old Saxon and Old Frisian thicht , Old English þíht , Gothic þeihts < Old Germanic þîhto^z from earlier þiŋ χto^z , < verbal root þiŋ χ- to grow: see thee v.¹ Though not evidenced before 1375, the word was doubtless in use in the Danelaw from early times. See also tight adj. Now dialect. 1. Set or growing closely together; thick-set, dense: said of rain, growing crops, reeds in a marsh, etc. Now dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > precipitation or atmospheric moisture > rain > [adjective] > heavy steepc1330 pissingc1475 thightc1480 pouring1577 pashing1581 sad1590 steep-down1601 solid1621 even down1622 sluicy1697 pelting1710 buck1732 steeping1774 peppering1827 sluicing1847 torrential1849 peltering1858 plumping1879 teeming1880 lashing1885 monsoonish1886 sheeting1940 c1480 (a1400) St. Ninian* 574 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 320 Þare-with fel þe rane sa thycht þat [etc.]. 1787 W. Marshall Provincialisms in Rural Econ. Norfolk II. 390 Thight, applied to turneps or other crops,—close, thickset. 1787 W. Marshall Rural Econ. Norfolk I. 271 There are men,..who are fully aware that the ‘proof’ of their turnep-crop depends more on its ‘tightness’ than on the size of the plant.] 1895 P. H. Emerson Birds, Beasts, & Fishes Norfolk Broadland i. xx. 56 The happy pair [of reed-pheasants] fly about the ‘thyte (thick) reed’, plucking reed-feathers. †2. Solid, not hollow, whole. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being open or not closed > an opening or aperture > [adjective] > free from empty spaces or solid thicka1400 solidc1400 thightc1440 unhollow1548 unhollowed1609 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 491/2 Thyht, hool fro brekynge, not brokyn.., integer. Thyht, not hool wythe-in, solidus. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 491/2 Thyhtyn, or make thyht, integro, consolido, solido. †3. Close, compact, or dense in structure or texture, as a membrane. Obsolete.In quot. 1539 the sense differs little from 1. In some uses also with the notion of being impermeable to moisture, as in 4. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > [adjective] thickc888 fastOE sada1375 massya1382 sounda1387 massya1398 corpulent1398 grossa1475 tight1513 massive1526 spiss?1527 solid?1533 thight1539 solidate1542 crass1545 bodily1557 spissy1570 dense1599 consolid1613 materiate1626 crassy1630 cakey1705 rocky1825 1539 Will of Thomas Samson (P.R.O.: PROB. 11/27) f. 258 A thyght nett. 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 86 It is harder then the true skin and more thight. 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 88 Wherefore they referre the cause of the concretion or congealing with Aristotle, to the fastnesse and thightnesse of the Membranes.] 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 387 The coates of the veines are thicke and thight, that nothing but that which is very thinne may sweate out. 1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Thight, (old word) well compacted or knit together. 4. So close in texture or structure as to keep water out; esp. of a ship or boat, so closely compacted and well caulked as to be watertight. Now dialect. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > dryness > [adjective] > waterproof or watertight waterthight1387 staunch1412 watertight1489 thight1501 waterfast1518 waterproof1725 drop-dry1844 stanching1852 moisture-proof1867 damp-proof1870 damp-proofed1962 1501 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1900) II. 24 Item, for vij pund of rosait to mak the clath thicht..xiiij d. 1587 R. Greene Penelopes Web sig. B Causing his weather beaten shippes to be warped out of the Hauen assoone as they were made theight. a1625 H. Mainwaring Nomenclator Navalis (Harl. 2301) (at cited word) When the Shipp is staunch and makes but little water, she is thight. a1665 K. Digby Jrnl. Voy. to Mediterranean (1868) 27 Shee was so leakie as was a great cumber..till shee were vnladen and mended thyte. a1665 K. Digby Jrnl. Voy. to Mediterranean (1868) 37 The boate seemed to be a fine one and thite, but with long driuing was halfe full of water. a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Thite, compact, not leaky, water-tight. 1866 T. Edmondston Etymol. Gloss. Shetland & Orkney Dial. 127 Thight, close so as not to admit water, tight. 1877 F. Ross et al. Gloss. Words Holderness (at cited word) A theet roof, a theet cask. 5. Tight, close-fitting, as apparel. dialect. ΚΠ a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Derivatives † ˈthight v. Obsolete (transitive) to make ‘thight’. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > make dense or solid [verb (transitive)] congealc1384 sadc1384 resolvea1398 thightc1440 condense1477 constipate1546 condensate1555 engross1561 indense1576 sadden1600 settle1611 densate1613 solidate1640 corporify1644 conspissate1647 consolidate1653 conglaciate1660 solidify1799 densify1820 c1440²Thyhtyn [see sense 2]. ˈthightness n. closeness, denseness, tightness. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > density or solidity > [noun] fastness?a1200 spissitudec1440 solidiousness1495 grossness1527 massiveness1530 substantialness1530 substantiality1535 crassness1545 massiness1559 stiffness1577 spissness1598 solidness1600 density1603 solidity1603 crassitude1604 condensity1611 thightness1615 compactedness1644 compactness1646 body1647 crassities1659 denseness1669 tightnessa1728 corporeity1750 substantiability1816 1615² [see sense 3]. 1787² [see sense 1]. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < adj.c1440
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