Bosniann.adj.

Brit.

/ˈbɒznɪən/, U.S.

/ˈbɑzniən/,

/ˈbɔzniən/

Forms: 1500s– Bosnian, 1600s 1800s Bosnean.

Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element; originally modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: proper name Bosnia , -an suffix.

Etymology: < Bosnia, the name of a country in south-eastern Europe ( < post-classical Latin Bosnia : see below) + -an suffix (compare -ian suffix), originally after Middle French, French Bosnien, noun (1542 or earlier) and adjective (1608 or earlier). With use as noun compare Bosnian Bošnjanin (15th cent.), Bosanac (early 19th cent.) inhabitant of Bosnia. Compare later Bosniak n.Post-classical Latin Bosnia is probably ultimately < the name of the river Bosna ; compare post-classical Latin Bossina , name of the river (attested in an undated inscription), and Byzantine Greek Βόσονα , name of the country (10th cent.). With the name of the country, compare Middle French, French Bosnie (1575 or earlier; also †Bosne (1531 or earlier)), Bosnian Bosna . For early use of the place name in an English context, compare:1542 tr. A. Geuffroy Order Greate Turckes Courte sig. b.vi The countryes aboute the ryuer Dunce, or Danube, as Seruie, Bulgarie, Bosne, Walachie, and other.1559 R. Crowley Lanquet's Epitome of Crons. (new ed.) iii. f. 248 Sigismunde kynge of Hungarye..subdued Bosna and Croatia.1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. 470 The gouernour of Bosnia leuieth an exceading great army to inuade Slauonia. Compare earlier borrowings of post-classical Latin Bosnensis (13th cent.), Bosniensis (1538 or earlier), adjective and noun:1555 R. Eden tr. P. Giovio Libellus de legatione Basilii in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 288 The Slauon tounge (whiche at this daye is sumwhat corruptly cauled Sclauon) runneth exceadyng far, as vsed of the Dalmates, Bossuenser [read Bossnenses; L. Bossnenses], Croatians, Istrians, and by a longe tracte of the sea Adriatike vnto Forum Iulii.1611 E. Aston tr. J. Boemus Manners, Lawes, & Customes 222 Some againe hold certaine opinions differring from both Churches, as the Bohemians, Morauians and Bosnienses.1633 E. Campion Hist. Ireland 8 The Muscovites, Ruthenes, Russians, Dalmatians, Bosnenses, Croatians, Istrians, Carnians, Carniolanians, Carinthians, Stirians, Mæsians, Servians, Bulgarians..Bohemians, Lusatians, Silesians, Moravians, Polonians, Circasians, Quinquemontanians..have the language.1635 W. Saltonstall tr. G. Mercator Historia Mundi 836 Hee subdued the Mysians (who are now called Servians) the Illirians [(]who are called Bosnensians).With the form Bosnean compare -ean suffix.

A. n.

1. A native or inhabitant of Bosnia, a country in south-eastern Europe; a person of Bosnian descent. In later use also: a native or inhabitant of Bosnia and Herzegovina.The precise boundaries have varied in different periods. Bosnia came under Ottoman rule in the mid 15th cent., and was loosely united with Herzegovina thereafter, remaining under Ottoman control until its occupation by Austria-Hungary in 1878. In 1918 the province was absorbed into the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (later Yugoslavia). The break-up of Yugoslavia in 1991 led to the proclamation of the independent state of Bosnia and Herzegovina. At the end of the Wars of Yugoslav Succession (1991–5), Bosnia and Herzegovina was confirmed as an independent, federalized state.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > native or inhabitant of former Yugoslavia > [noun] > parts of

Ragusian1569

Ragusan1585

Bosnian1594

Bosniak1680

Montenegrin1779

Herzegovinian1849

Montenegran1857

Herzegovinese1862

Serbo-Croatian1862

Istrian1880

1594 R. Ashley tr. L. le Roy Interchangeable Course iii. f. 27 Slauonian [is] vnderstood, and spoken by the Seruians, Mysians, Bosnians [Fr. Bosniens], Dalmatians, Croatians, Slauons, [etc.].

1694 tr. Lett. Turkish Spy VII. xvi. 342 The Revolts of the Hungarians, Transilvanians, Bosnians, Croats, and other Nations which are counted Members of the German Empire.

1700 tr. F. P. Dalairac Polish Manuscripts: Secret Hist. John Sobieski III 143 Most of the Turkish Army were Bosnians, whose Language has some affinity to the Polish.

1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall V. lv. 543 The language of the Dalmatians, Bosnians, Servians [etc.].

1830 C. Fraser Hist. War in Bosnia 63 Mohammed set off with five or six thousand horsemen, Bosnians.

1847 L. H. Kerr tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Servia 24 The Servians, the Bosnians..and the Albanians, once more stood united against the Osmanlis. But the Turks were stronger than all these nations combined.

1924 Contemp. Rev. Nov. 620 ‘The Bosnians are never satisfied’, we were told.

1992 Economist 15 Aug. 9/1 Most of the atrocities the world wants to end are now being perpetuated by Bosnian against Bosnian.

2002 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 6 Oct. i. 4 They are urging Bosnians to vote for politicians committed to a multiethnic future.

2. The South Slavonic language spoken by Bosnians and in Bosnia (now Bosnia and Herzegovina), being a variety of Serbo-Croatian.Bosnian is written using both the Cyrillic and Roman alphabet.rare before the late 20th cent.; in common use since the break-up of Yugoslavia in the 1990s.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Balto-Slavic > Slavonic > Serbo-Croat

Bosnian1668

Croatian1825

Croat1849

Serbo-Croatian1877

Montenegrin1894

Serbo-Croat1907

Yugoslavian1924

Štokavian1925

Yugoslav1948

1668 P. Ricaut Present State Ottoman Empire i. iv. 18 Some cryed in Georgian, others Albanian, Bosnian, Mengrelian, Turkish and Italian.

1867 Jrnl. Statist. Soc. 30 510 While the legal and theological terms have become freely naturalised in the Osmanlee language, they are not naturalised in Bosnian or Albanian.

1887 M. Thorpe tr. E. de Laveleye Balkan Penins. iv. 151 The members of this court are now competent Austrian magistrates, speaking Bosnian.

1904 Philatelic West Mar. The two issues of 1879 bear only two inscriptions, one in Bosnian and one in Turkish.

1993 Guardian 20 Aug. ii. 3/2 Sontag says that directing the play in Bosnian was a huge challenge.

2005 P. Strazny Encycl. Linguistics 957/1 It [sc. Serbo-Croatian] is the state language of the Republic of Croatia (where it is called Croatian), Bosnia and Herzegovina (where it is called Bosnian), and Serbia and Montenegro (where it is called Serbian).

2008 New Yorker 22 Sept. 77/1 The uniformed jaran did not acknowledge that I was speaking Bosnian to him.

B. adj.

Of or relating to Bosnia, or to Bosnians or their language.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > countries of Eastern Europe > [adjective] > regions of the former Yugoslavia

Croatian1599

Istrian1607

Bosnian1621

Dalmatiana1684

Illyrian1820

Montenegrian1830

Montenegrin1840

Montenegran1858

1621 P. Heylyn Microcosmus 201 The chiefe Citties are Cazachium the residence, and Laiza, or Iaziga, the Sepulture of the Bosnian Kings.

1734 N. Tindal tr. D. Cantemir Hist. Growth & Decay Othman Empire I. ii. iv. 319 The Bosnian Archimandrite uncle to the Vizir Soliman Pasha.

1794 Lady's Mag. May 275/2 Letters from the Bosnian Confines say, that the Bosniacks are assembling in great numbers upon the banks of the Licka.

1827 tr. C. Malte-Brun Universal Geogr. VI. xcix. 214 The Bosnian language, a dialect of the Servian, is generally spoken.

1836 Penny Cycl. V. 230/1 The Verbas, another Bosnian river, rises in the heart of the country.

1847 L. H. Kerr tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Servia 167 He opposed to the great Bosnian army about 1500 men.

1854 Illustr. Mag. Art 3 178/2 Omar Pasha, whose experience in the Bosnian war had taught him the political and military importance of Montenegro.

?1949 L. Durrell Let. in Spirit of Place (1969) 103 The Bosnian peasants in their dramatic costume.

1993 Coloradoan (Fort Collins) 24 Jan. a1/4 U.N. peacekeeping troops in the southern Bosnian town of Mostar confirmed that heavy shellfire had rained down on the city from Serb-held positions.

1995 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 2 Feb. 6/2 The dangers of the Bosnian war spreading to Croatia, Kosovo, Macedonia, and elsewhere.

2011 New Yorker 5 Dec. 42/1 A traditional Bosnian storefront restaurant that served prepared (as opposed to grilled) food.

Compounds

Bosnian Croat adj. and n. (a) adj. designating a Bosnian of Croat origin or descent; designating a Croat from or residing in Bosnia; of or relating to such a person; (b) n. a Bosnian who is of Croat origin or descent; a Croat from or residing in Bosnia.

ΚΠ

1929 Slavonic & East European Rev. 7 435 Mr. Alaupović, a Bosnian Croat poet.

1948 Winnipeg Free Press 18 Sept. 10/4 He [sc. Josip Strossmayer] founded a seminary for Bosnian Croats and built a palace and cathedral at Djakovo.

1990 Christian Sci. Monitor (Nexis) 6 Dec. 19 Bosnian Croats believe that an aggressive Serbia could expand into Bosnia and lay claims to Croatian lands.

1993 Guardian 30 Oct. 13/2 Terrified Muslims asked Nordic peacekeepers for protection from Bosnian Croat forces in the town of Vares yesterday.

2009 D. Garwood et al. Mediterranean Europe (Lonely Planet) (ed. 9) 77/2 Bosniaks now predominate in Sarajevo and central BiH, Bosnian Croats in western and southern Hercegovina, and Bosnian Serbs in the RS [= Republika Srpska].

Bosnian Muslim n. and adj. (a) n. a Bosnian who is Muslim; a descendant of such a person; (b) adj. designating a Bosnian Muslim; of or relating to Bosnian Muslims.In modern use Bosniak n. is often preferred.

ΚΠ

1864 H. Sandwith Hekim Bashi I. vii. 108 He was at that moment engaged in giving the last touches to the head of a Bosnian Moslem, so he begged me to sit down on the bench.

1934 Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 73 332 I am indebted for most of the material to the excellent Bosnian Moslem scholar, Dr. Mehmed Remzi Delić.

1975 W. G. Lockwood in East European Q. 9 123 (title) Social status and cultural change in a Bosnian Moslem village.

1995 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 23 Mar. 57/2 Serb and Croat nationalists view the Bosnian Muslims as apostates at best, and at worst as a bridgehead of Islamic fundamentalism in Europe.

Bosnian Serb n. and adj. (a) n. a Bosnian who is of Serb origin or descent; a Serb from or residing in Bosnia; (b) adj. designating a Bosnian Serb; of or relating to Bosnian Serbs.

ΚΠ

1875 John Bull 25 Sept. 643/2 The Sovereign of Turkey, who resides at Stamboul, and has been plundering, robbing, and oppressing the Bosnian Serbs for the last 500 years.

1926 Advocate of Peace Nov. 631/2 A Bosnian Serb poet, editor of the newspaper Otavhina at Banjaluka.

1991 USA Today (Nexis) 25 Mar. 6 a Meanwhile, the self-styled Bosnian Serb government assembly rejected the idea of joining the new Muslim-Croat federation in Bosnia.

2001 Evening Standard (Electronic ed.) 10 Jan. The former President of the Bosnian Serbs, Biljana Plavsic, has volunteered to give evidence to the Hague War Crimes Tribunal.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	bosnian
释义	Bosniann.adj. Brit. /ˈbɒznɪən/, U.S. /ˈbɑzniən/, /ˈbɔzniən/ Forms: 1500s– Bosnian, 1600s 1800s Bosnean. Origin: From a proper name, combined with an English element; originally modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: proper name Bosnia , -an suffix. Etymology: < Bosnia, the name of a country in south-eastern Europe ( < post-classical Latin Bosnia : see below) + -an suffix (compare -ian suffix), originally after Middle French, French Bosnien, noun (1542 or earlier) and adjective (1608 or earlier). With use as noun compare Bosnian Bošnjanin (15th cent.), Bosanac (early 19th cent.) inhabitant of Bosnia. Compare later Bosniak n.Post-classical Latin Bosnia is probably ultimately < the name of the river Bosna ; compare post-classical Latin Bossina , name of the river (attested in an undated inscription), and Byzantine Greek Βόσονα , name of the country (10th cent.). With the name of the country, compare Middle French, French Bosnie (1575 or earlier; also †Bosne (1531 or earlier)), Bosnian Bosna . For early use of the place name in an English context, compare:1542 tr. A. Geuffroy Order Greate Turckes Courte sig. b.vi The countryes aboute the ryuer Dunce, or Danube, as Seruie, Bulgarie, Bosne, Walachie, and other.1559 R. Crowley Lanquet's Epitome of Crons. (new ed.) iii. f. 248 Sigismunde kynge of Hungarye..subdued Bosna and Croatia.1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. 470 The gouernour of Bosnia leuieth an exceading great army to inuade Slauonia. Compare earlier borrowings of post-classical Latin Bosnensis (13th cent.), Bosniensis (1538 or earlier), adjective and noun:1555 R. Eden tr. P. Giovio Libellus de legatione Basilii in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 288 The Slauon tounge (whiche at this daye is sumwhat corruptly cauled Sclauon) runneth exceadyng far, as vsed of the Dalmates, Bossuenser [read Bossnenses; L. Bossnenses], Croatians, Istrians, and by a longe tracte of the sea Adriatike vnto Forum Iulii.1611 E. Aston tr. J. Boemus Manners, Lawes, & Customes 222 Some againe hold certaine opinions differring from both Churches, as the Bohemians, Morauians and Bosnienses.1633 E. Campion Hist. Ireland 8 The Muscovites, Ruthenes, Russians, Dalmatians, Bosnenses, Croatians, Istrians, Carnians, Carniolanians, Carinthians, Stirians, Mæsians, Servians, Bulgarians..Bohemians, Lusatians, Silesians, Moravians, Polonians, Circasians, Quinquemontanians..have the language.1635 W. Saltonstall tr. G. Mercator Historia Mundi 836 Hee subdued the Mysians (who are now called Servians) the Illirians [(]who are called Bosnensians).With the form Bosnean compare -ean suffix. A. n. 1. A native or inhabitant of Bosnia, a country in south-eastern Europe; a person of Bosnian descent. In later use also: a native or inhabitant of Bosnia and Herzegovina.The precise boundaries have varied in different periods. Bosnia came under Ottoman rule in the mid 15th cent., and was loosely united with Herzegovina thereafter, remaining under Ottoman control until its occupation by Austria-Hungary in 1878. In 1918 the province was absorbed into the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes (later Yugoslavia). The break-up of Yugoslavia in 1991 led to the proclamation of the independent state of Bosnia and Herzegovina. At the end of the Wars of Yugoslav Succession (1991–5), Bosnia and Herzegovina was confirmed as an independent, federalized state. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > native or inhabitant of former Yugoslavia > [noun] > parts of Ragusian1569 Ragusan1585 Bosnian1594 Bosniak1680 Montenegrin1779 Herzegovinian1849 Montenegran1857 Herzegovinese1862 Serbo-Croatian1862 Istrian1880 1594 R. Ashley tr. L. le Roy Interchangeable Course iii. f. 27 Slauonian [is] vnderstood, and spoken by the Seruians, Mysians, Bosnians [Fr. Bosniens], Dalmatians, Croatians, Slauons, [etc.]. 1694 tr. Lett. Turkish Spy VII. xvi. 342 The Revolts of the Hungarians, Transilvanians, Bosnians, Croats, and other Nations which are counted Members of the German Empire. 1700 tr. F. P. Dalairac Polish Manuscripts: Secret Hist. John Sobieski III 143 Most of the Turkish Army were Bosnians, whose Language has some affinity to the Polish. 1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall V. lv. 543 The language of the Dalmatians, Bosnians, Servians [etc.]. 1830 C. Fraser Hist. War in Bosnia 63 Mohammed set off with five or six thousand horsemen, Bosnians. 1847 L. H. Kerr tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Servia 24 The Servians, the Bosnians..and the Albanians, once more stood united against the Osmanlis. But the Turks were stronger than all these nations combined. 1924 Contemp. Rev. Nov. 620 ‘The Bosnians are never satisfied’, we were told. 1992 Economist 15 Aug. 9/1 Most of the atrocities the world wants to end are now being perpetuated by Bosnian against Bosnian. 2002 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 6 Oct. i. 4 They are urging Bosnians to vote for politicians committed to a multiethnic future. 2. The South Slavonic language spoken by Bosnians and in Bosnia (now Bosnia and Herzegovina), being a variety of Serbo-Croatian.Bosnian is written using both the Cyrillic and Roman alphabet.rare before the late 20th cent.; in common use since the break-up of Yugoslavia in the 1990s. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Balto-Slavic > Slavonic > Serbo-Croat Bosnian1668 Croatian1825 Croat1849 Serbo-Croatian1877 Montenegrin1894 Serbo-Croat1907 Yugoslavian1924 Štokavian1925 Yugoslav1948 1668 P. Ricaut Present State Ottoman Empire i. iv. 18 Some cryed in Georgian, others Albanian, Bosnian, Mengrelian, Turkish and Italian. 1867 Jrnl. Statist. Soc. 30 510 While the legal and theological terms have become freely naturalised in the Osmanlee language, they are not naturalised in Bosnian or Albanian. 1887 M. Thorpe tr. E. de Laveleye Balkan Penins. iv. 151 The members of this court are now competent Austrian magistrates, speaking Bosnian. 1904 Philatelic West Mar. The two issues of 1879 bear only two inscriptions, one in Bosnian and one in Turkish. 1993 Guardian 20 Aug. ii. 3/2 Sontag says that directing the play in Bosnian was a huge challenge. 2005 P. Strazny Encycl. Linguistics 957/1 It [sc. Serbo-Croatian] is the state language of the Republic of Croatia (where it is called Croatian), Bosnia and Herzegovina (where it is called Bosnian), and Serbia and Montenegro (where it is called Serbian). 2008 New Yorker 22 Sept. 77/1 The uniformed jaran did not acknowledge that I was speaking Bosnian to him. B. adj. Of or relating to Bosnia, or to Bosnians or their language. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > countries of Eastern Europe > [adjective] > regions of the former Yugoslavia Croatian1599 Istrian1607 Bosnian1621 Dalmatiana1684 Illyrian1820 Montenegrian1830 Montenegrin1840 Montenegran1858 1621 P. Heylyn Microcosmus 201 The chiefe Citties are Cazachium the residence, and Laiza, or Iaziga, the Sepulture of the Bosnian Kings. 1734 N. Tindal tr. D. Cantemir Hist. Growth & Decay Othman Empire I. ii. iv. 319 The Bosnian Archimandrite uncle to the Vizir Soliman Pasha. 1794 Lady's Mag. May 275/2 Letters from the Bosnian Confines say, that the Bosniacks are assembling in great numbers upon the banks of the Licka. 1827 tr. C. Malte-Brun Universal Geogr. VI. xcix. 214 The Bosnian language, a dialect of the Servian, is generally spoken. 1836 Penny Cycl. V. 230/1 The Verbas, another Bosnian river, rises in the heart of the country. 1847 L. H. Kerr tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Servia 167 He opposed to the great Bosnian army about 1500 men. 1854 Illustr. Mag. Art 3 178/2 Omar Pasha, whose experience in the Bosnian war had taught him the political and military importance of Montenegro. ?1949 L. Durrell Let. in Spirit of Place (1969) 103 The Bosnian peasants in their dramatic costume. 1993 Coloradoan (Fort Collins) 24 Jan. a1/4 U.N. peacekeeping troops in the southern Bosnian town of Mostar confirmed that heavy shellfire had rained down on the city from Serb-held positions. 1995 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 2 Feb. 6/2 The dangers of the Bosnian war spreading to Croatia, Kosovo, Macedonia, and elsewhere. 2011 New Yorker 5 Dec. 42/1 A traditional Bosnian storefront restaurant that served prepared (as opposed to grilled) food. Compounds Bosnian Croat adj. and n. (a) adj. designating a Bosnian of Croat origin or descent; designating a Croat from or residing in Bosnia; of or relating to such a person; (b) n. a Bosnian who is of Croat origin or descent; a Croat from or residing in Bosnia. ΚΠ 1929 Slavonic & East European Rev. 7 435 Mr. Alaupović, a Bosnian Croat poet. 1948 Winnipeg Free Press 18 Sept. 10/4 He [sc. Josip Strossmayer] founded a seminary for Bosnian Croats and built a palace and cathedral at Djakovo. 1990 Christian Sci. Monitor (Nexis) 6 Dec. 19 Bosnian Croats believe that an aggressive Serbia could expand into Bosnia and lay claims to Croatian lands. 1993 Guardian 30 Oct. 13/2 Terrified Muslims asked Nordic peacekeepers for protection from Bosnian Croat forces in the town of Vares yesterday. 2009 D. Garwood et al. Mediterranean Europe (Lonely Planet) (ed. 9) 77/2 Bosniaks now predominate in Sarajevo and central BiH, Bosnian Croats in western and southern Hercegovina, and Bosnian Serbs in the RS [= Republika Srpska]. Bosnian Muslim n. and adj. (a) n. a Bosnian who is Muslim; a descendant of such a person; (b) adj. designating a Bosnian Muslim; of or relating to Bosnian Muslims.In modern use Bosniak n. is often preferred. ΚΠ 1864 H. Sandwith Hekim Bashi I. vii. 108 He was at that moment engaged in giving the last touches to the head of a Bosnian Moslem, so he begged me to sit down on the bench. 1934 Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc. 73 332 I am indebted for most of the material to the excellent Bosnian Moslem scholar, Dr. Mehmed Remzi Delić. 1975 W. G. Lockwood in East European Q. 9 123 (title) Social status and cultural change in a Bosnian Moslem village. 1995 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 23 Mar. 57/2 Serb and Croat nationalists view the Bosnian Muslims as apostates at best, and at worst as a bridgehead of Islamic fundamentalism in Europe. Bosnian Serb n. and adj. (a) n. a Bosnian who is of Serb origin or descent; a Serb from or residing in Bosnia; (b) adj. designating a Bosnian Serb; of or relating to Bosnian Serbs. ΚΠ 1875 John Bull 25 Sept. 643/2 The Sovereign of Turkey, who resides at Stamboul, and has been plundering, robbing, and oppressing the Bosnian Serbs for the last 500 years. 1926 Advocate of Peace Nov. 631/2 A Bosnian Serb poet, editor of the newspaper Otavhina at Banjaluka. 1991 USA Today (Nexis) 25 Mar. 6 a Meanwhile, the self-styled Bosnian Serb government assembly rejected the idea of joining the new Muslim-Croat federation in Bosnia. 2001 Evening Standard (Electronic ed.) 10 Jan. The former President of the Bosnian Serbs, Biljana Plavsic, has volunteered to give evidence to the Hague War Crimes Tribunal. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2013; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.adj.1594
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