tiern.¹

/tɪə/

Forms: Also 1500s–1800s tire, 1500s–1700s tyre, (1500s teare, 1600s tere, 1600s–1700s teer, 1700s tear).

Etymology: Originally tire, < French tire, in Old French (c1210 in Godefroy) ‘suite, sequence, range, rank, order’: compare tire à tire in succession, one after another, < tirer to draw, elongate. The phonetic history of the forms teare, tere, teer, is obscure. Plural after a numeral sometimes tier.

a. A row, rank, range, course; usually one of a series of rows placed one above another, or at least rising each above the preceding one; e.g. tiers of galleries, shelves, boxes in a theatre, or seats on a sloping floor; also of banks of oars in ancient ships or boats; see also 1b, 1c.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > arrangement in (a) row(s) or line(s > [noun] > a line or row

reweOE

rowc1225

ranka1325

rengec1330

ordera1382

rulec1384

rangea1450

ray1481

line1557

tier1569

train1610

string1713

rail1776

windrow1948

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > a layer > [noun] > horizontal layer or tier

chessc1460

loft1535

tier1569

rank1573

storey1594

degree1611

1569 T. Stocker tr. Diodorus Siculus Hist. Successors Alexander iii. viii. 114/2 Ten gallies of fiue tier of ores.

1627 J. Smith Sea Gram. vii. 33 Caske..stowed tier aboue tier.

1639 J. Fletcher et al. Bloody Brother ii. ii. sig. D1^v I have ballasse for their bellies, if they eate a gods name, Let them have ten tire of teeth a peice, I care not.

1686 J. Dunton Lett. from New Eng. (1867) 35 He has three Tere of Teeth in his Chaps.

1730 A. Gordon tr. F. S. Maffei Compl. Hist. Anc. Amphitheatres 203 The..Stones..which form'd the first Tyre or Belt thereof.

1743 W. Ellis London & Country Brewer (ed. 2) III. 182 The Worts now run swiftly into a single Teer of Backs.

1787 M. Cutler Jrnl. 29 July in W. P. Cutler & J. P. Cutler Life, Jrnls. & Corr. M. Cutler (1888) I. 311 There are two tiers of galleries, and the [meeting-] house was very full.

1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. 358 It consists of three bridges, or tires of arches one above another.

1844 R. M. Milnes Palm Leaves 1 Above the towers of tripple tire.

1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. 346 A round of grape-shot consists of three tiers of cast-iron balls, generally three in a tier.

1873 J. A. Symonds Stud. Greek Poets ix. 280 The new theatre in Athens contained 30,000 spectators seated in semicircular tiers scooped out of the rock.

b. A row of guns or gun-ports in a man-of-war or (as in quot. 1573) in a fort.

1573 in Calr. Scott. Pap. IV. 475 Davyes towre..a courten with vj cannons..in loopes of stone..behynd the same standes another teare of ordina[nce] lyke xvj foote clym above the other.

1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. ii. 54 [A] man of war..carrying two tyre of Ordonance.

a1647 P. Pette in Archaeologia (1796) 12 283 The..distance of the lower tire of ports from the water.

1723 D. Defoe Hist. Col. Jack (ed. 2) 381 A good Tire of Guns kept the rest at a distance.

1814 Ld. Byron Corsair iii. xv. 85 She bears her down majestically near, Speed on her prow, and terror in her tier.

c. A rank of pipes in an organ controlled by one stop (see rank n.¹ 1).

ΚΠ

1828–32 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang.

1880 E. J. Hopkins in G. Grove Dict. Music II. 580/2 Although the number of pipes to each key thus continued to be added to, no means was devised for silencing or selecting any of the several ranks or tiers.

d. transferred and figurative. Rank, grade; stratum.

ΘΠ

society > society and the community > social class > [noun] > distinction of class > level or grade

mannishOE

placec1330

state1340

gree1382

conditionc1384

sectc1384

sortc1386

ordera1400

raff?a1400

degreea1425

countenancec1477

faction?1529

estate1530

race1563

calibre1567

being1579

coat1579

rang1580

rank1585

tier1590

classis1597

strain1600

consequence1602

regiment1602

sept1610

standinga1616

class1629

species1629

nome1633

quality1636

sort1671

size1679

situation1710

distinction1721

walk of life1733

walk1737

stage1801

strata1805

grade1808

caste1816

social stratum1838

station1842

stratum1863

echelon1950

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. iv. sig. D5 Such one was Wrath, the last of this vngodly tire.

1646 R. Crashaw Sospetto d'Herode xxxviii, in Steps to Temple 63 A gen'rall hisse, from the whole Tire of snakes.

1710 S. Palmer Moral Ess. Prov. 201 This is a sin of quality for the most part, tho' the lower tier of people are often tainted with it.

1882 W. B. Weeden Social Law Labor 66 The base Fuidirs composed the lower tier of society.

e. A range or line of contiguous lots, townships, counties, or states. U.S.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > a land or country > part of country or district > [noun] > range of contiguous districts

tier1693

1693 in Connecticut Hist. Soc. Coll. (1912) XIV. 212 One lyeing in the Same Teere of lotts abutting on a Highway.

1720 in New-Eng. Historical & Geneal. Reg. (1875) XXIX. 288 Eastward of the first tear of lots.

1722 in Public Rec. Colony of Connecticut (1872) VI. 311 The northermost tier of the three tier of lots lying next to Midletown.

1824 in S. C. Cox Recoll. Early Settlem. Wabash Valley (1860) iii. 18 The land is sold in tiers of townships.

1856 Spirit of Times 18 Oct. 113/1 The great varying hare..is no longer to be found in our state,..until we reach the northern tier of counties, on the Canada line.

1887 Harper's Mag. Apr. 833/2 Mr. Van Buren's presence in the southern tier.

1904 N. Y. Evening Post 7 Nov. 2 The big Republican majorities in the lower tier of counties.

1949 Ward County (N. Dakota) Independent 21 July 1/3 Each of the big wheat states in the tier from Texas up through North Dakota appears to be coming up with a crop just under that state's all-time record.

f. A mountainous scarp; a mountain. Tasmania.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > mountain > [noun]

barrowc885

mountainc1275

Alpa1450

reek1776

ben1788

berg1840

tier1850

1850 T. Arnold Let. 29 Sept. (1966) 55 The next day..we all walked up a ‘tier’ (Tasmanian for hill) near the house.

1902 Encycl. Brit. XXXIII. 185/2 The marginal crests of this mountain table-land, together with its upper surface,..are known locally as ‘Tiers’.

1965 Austral. Encycl. VIII. 425/2 Along the north-western coast [of Tasmania] there is a strip of rich, undulating land, climbing steadily to the base of steep escarpments called ‘tiers’.

g. Each of a number of successively overlapping ruffles or flounces on a garment.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > parts of clothing > [noun] > trimmings or ornamentation > ruffle or frill

ruff?1523

chitterling1576

hand-ruff1581

peak1591

frislet1607

fall1634

ruffle1659

furbelow1706

flounce1726

Valenciennes1764

ruche1806

ruching1847

volant1851

flouncing1865

balayeuse1882

cascade1882

goffering1889

tier1934

1934 in Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang.

1938 F. P. Walkup Dressing Part xv. 354 Tiers of ruffles, side pleats, and diagonal layers were introduced, for variety.

1978 Detroit Free Press 5 Mar. d12/1 Tiers will fall from little squared yokes, freely.

2. Nautical.

a. A row of ships moored or anchored at a particular place; hence, an anchorage or mooring-place where ships lie in rows or columns.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > berthing, mooring, or anchoring > [noun] > action of mooring > place for > row of moorings

tier1732

trot1923

1732 London Mag. 1 152 All the Ships Crews in the Teer gathered together.

1772 Ann. Reg. 1771 148 A Dutch vessel..broke from her mooring, ran foul of a tier of ships.

1774 Hull Dock Act 33 No more than three ships..shall lie in the same tier, within the said haven.

1864 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend (1865) I. i. i. 2 The tiers of shipping lay on either hand.

1907 Law Rep.: Probate Div. 61 A steamship..which was lying at Greenwich tier.

b. (See quot. 1882.)

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > room, locker, or quarters > [noun] > storage room or compartment > cable tier

tier1797

1797 Encycl. Brit. X. 644/2 He [the mate] is to have a diligent attention to the cables, seeing that they are well coiled and kept clean when laid in the tier.

1800 P. Colquhoun Treat. Commerce & Police R. Thames iii. 94 Tea..stowed in the cable tier of a China Ship.

1825 H. B. Gascoigne Path to Naval Fame 48 Hard work the Tierers in the Tier below, The sturdy Cable in true coils to Stow.

1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple I. xi. 143 Knocking the man down into the cable tier.

1860 H. Stuart Novice's or Young Seaman's Catech. (rev. ed.) 62 The hemp cables are coiled in the cable tiers.

1882 G. S. Nares Seamanship (ed. 6) 95 The tiers are large racks, and stow the stream cable, hawsers for the kedge, etc., anchor gear, runners and tackles,..clothes-lines, etc.

Compounds

attributive and in other combinations:

tier-board n. a board belonging to a cable or rope tier: see 2b.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > room, locker, or quarters > [noun] > storage room or compartment > cable tier > board belonging to

tier-board1887

1887 E. J. Mather Nor'ard of Dogger (1889) 81 They spread some o' the trawl-warp tier-boards along the thwarts, an' a rug on the top of 'em for me to lie on.

tier-ranger n. a (Thames) river thief.

ΘΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > [noun] > river-thief

lumper1781

light horsemen1799

river thief1800

tier-ranger1853

1853 C. Dickens Down with Tide in Househ. Words 5 Feb. 484/1 Tier-rangers, who silently dropped alongside the tiers of shipping in the Pool, by night.

1853 C. Dickens Down with Tide in Househ. Words 5 Feb. 484/2 We took no Tier-rangers..nor other evil disposed person or persons.

1862 J. Binny in H. Mayhew London Labour (new ed.) Extra vol. 370/2 Tier-rangers or river pirates.

tier-saw n. see quot. 1877.

1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Tier-saw, one for cutting curved faces to bricks for arches and round pillars.

tier-shot n. see quot. 1867.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > ammunition for firearms > [noun] > bullet or shot collectively > shot > of large guns

fricasseec1575

murdering shot1583

chain-shota1586

crossbar1589

cross-bar shot1591

case shot1599

langrel1627

trundle-shot1627

partridge1635

chain-bullet1636

pelican1639

case1642

spike-shota1661

double-head1678

double-headed shot1678

partridge-shot1683

grape1687

burrel-shot1706

double1707

angel-shot1730

grapeshot1747

star shot1753

bar-shot1756

langrage1769

canister1801

stang-ball1802

chain1804

canister-shot1809

tier-shot1828

pot-leg1852

six-pounder1855

shunt shot1864

sand-shot1867

mitraille1868

1828 J. M. Spearman Brit. Gunner 35 Tier Shot.—At 50 rounds per gun.

1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Tier-shot, that kind of grape~shot which is secured in tiers by parallel iron discs.

tiersman n. Tasmanian colloquial (see quot.); cf. sense 1f above.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > [noun] > dweller on high land

Highlandman1450

overlander1548

mountainer1577

mountaineer1599

highlander1614

mountainist1625

uplander1699

hillman1854

hill-woman1895

hillsider1898

tiersman1941

Montagnard1966

1941 S. J. Baker Pop. Dict. Austral. Slang 76 ‘Tiersman’: one who lives in the mountains. Tasmanian slang.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

tiern.²

Brit.

/ˈtʌɪə/, U.S.

/ˈtaɪər/

Forms: Also tyer.

Etymology: < tie v. + -er suffix¹.

1. One who ties; spec. a person employed to tie something. Also tier up.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > binding or tying > [noun] > binding with a cord, string, or tying > one who ties (up)

tier1633

1633 P. Fletcher Poeticall Misc. 57 in Purple Island Hymen, the tier of hearts already tied.

1648 H. Hexham Groot Woorden-boeck Een Hechter, a Fixer, a Fastner, or a Tyer to.

1848 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 9 ii. 554 The tiers can take the best to tie to the poles.

1876 A. Plummer tr. J. J. I. von Döllinger Hippolytus & Callistus iii. 153 The Church..is the tyer of the marriage bond.

1895 Daily Tel. 18 Sept. 4/2 He begins life at the sandpaper works, as a tier up of bundles, at three and sixpence a week.

2. One who ties with another in a match or competition.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > sport > winning, losing, or scoring > [noun] > draw or tie > one who ties

tier1810

1810 Sporting Mag. 35 97 The tyers to play with one another in the order they become tyers.

3. Something that ties or is used for tying; a band; spec. one for tying a sail; plural = tie-up n. 4.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > binding or tying > a bond, tie, or fastening > [noun] > tie

tieOE

bonda1325

tying1548

tial1549

tier1844

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > ropes or chains other than rigging or cable > [noun] > lashings, seizings, or securing ropes > a rope used for

stopper1636

lanyard1669

lasher1669

racking1704

selvage1711

selvagee1750

gilguy1833

tier1844

stop1846

selvage-stropc1860

society > communication > book > parts of book > [noun] > fastenings

clasp1454

strings1583

hasp1829

tier1895

tie-up1896

1844 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 5 i. 36 The beans are cut..and tied with strong tyers or straw bands.

1860 G. S. Nares Naval Cadet's Guide 81 The sail is then secured to the yard with tyers.

1873 ‘Vanderdecken’ Yachts & Yachting 265 Let the gaskets, or as they are sometimes called, the tyers, which confine the mainsail in its furl, be taken off.

1882 G. S. Nares Seamanship (ed. 6) 130 The sail is secured to the yard with tyers.

1895 Sotheby's Catal. 25 Apr. 52 (Kelmscott Press) Morris,..‘The Defence of Guenevere’, ornamental title and initial letters, vellum, silk tyers, uncut.

1939 A. Ransome Secret Water iii. 44 In a minute or two, he had bundled the sail along the boom and put a couple of tiers to hold it there.

1947 A. Ransome Great Northern? viii. 101 The next few minutes were full of the regular drill of getting under way. Tyers were cast off the sails.

4. U.S. A pinafore or apron covering the whole front of the dress. (Also spelt tire, tyre, and referred by some to tire n.¹)

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > that covers or protects other clothing > pinafore > types of

slip1690

tier1846

pinarette1951

1846 J. E. Worcester Universal Dict. Eng. Lang. Tier, one that ties; a child's apron, tidy. See Tire.

1864 Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Tier, a child's apron without sleeves, and covering the upper part of the body, [1890] and tied with tape or cord.

1865 A. D. Whitney Gayworthys vii. 73 She took care of Say; put on her long-sleeved tyers when she sent her out to play.

1889 L. Larcom New Eng. Girlhood 22 We sometimes smirched our clean aprons (high-necked and long-sleeved ones, known as tiers).

1902 Dial. Notes (U.S.) 2 254 (Let. to G. Hempl) Even among the older people [in New Engl.], ‘cricket’ has mostly given place to ‘footstool’, and ‘tier’ to ‘apron’.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	tier
释义	tiern.¹ /tɪə/ Forms: Also 1500s–1800s tire, 1500s–1700s tyre, (1500s teare, 1600s tere, 1600s–1700s teer, 1700s tear). Etymology: Originally tire, < French tire, in Old French (c1210 in Godefroy) ‘suite, sequence, range, rank, order’: compare tire à tire in succession, one after another, < tirer to draw, elongate. The phonetic history of the forms teare, tere, teer, is obscure. Plural after a numeral sometimes tier. 1. a. A row, rank, range, course; usually one of a series of rows placed one above another, or at least rising each above the preceding one; e.g. tiers of galleries, shelves, boxes in a theatre, or seats on a sloping floor; also of banks of oars in ancient ships or boats; see also 1b, 1c. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > arrangement in (a) row(s) or line(s > [noun] > a line or row reweOE rowc1225 ranka1325 rengec1330 ordera1382 rulec1384 rangea1450 ray1481 line1557 tier1569 train1610 string1713 rail1776 windrow1948 the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > a layer > [noun] > horizontal layer or tier chessc1460 loft1535 tier1569 rank1573 storey1594 degree1611 1569 T. Stocker tr. Diodorus Siculus Hist. Successors Alexander iii. viii. 114/2 Ten gallies of fiue tier of ores. 1627 J. Smith Sea Gram. vii. 33 Caske..stowed tier aboue tier. 1639 J. Fletcher et al. Bloody Brother ii. ii. sig. D1^v I have ballasse for their bellies, if they eate a gods name, Let them have ten tire of teeth a peice, I care not. 1686 J. Dunton Lett. from New Eng. (1867) 35 He has three Tere of Teeth in his Chaps. 1730 A. Gordon tr. F. S. Maffei Compl. Hist. Anc. Amphitheatres 203 The..Stones..which form'd the first Tyre or Belt thereof. 1743 W. Ellis London & Country Brewer (ed. 2) III. 182 The Worts now run swiftly into a single Teer of Backs. 1787 M. Cutler Jrnl. 29 July in W. P. Cutler & J. P. Cutler Life, Jrnls. & Corr. M. Cutler (1888) I. 311 There are two tiers of galleries, and the [meeting-] house was very full. 1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. 358 It consists of three bridges, or tires of arches one above another. 1844 R. M. Milnes Palm Leaves 1 Above the towers of tripple tire. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. 346 A round of grape-shot consists of three tiers of cast-iron balls, generally three in a tier. 1873 J. A. Symonds Stud. Greek Poets ix. 280 The new theatre in Athens contained 30,000 spectators seated in semicircular tiers scooped out of the rock. b. A row of guns or gun-ports in a man-of-war or (as in quot. 1573) in a fort. Π 1573 in Calr. Scott. Pap. IV. 475 Davyes towre..a courten with vj cannons..in loopes of stone..behynd the same standes another teare of ordina[nce] lyke xvj foote clym above the other. 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. ii. 54 [A] man of war..carrying two tyre of Ordonance. a1647 P. Pette in Archaeologia (1796) 12 283 The..distance of the lower tire of ports from the water. 1723 D. Defoe Hist. Col. Jack (ed. 2) 381 A good Tire of Guns kept the rest at a distance. 1814 Ld. Byron Corsair iii. xv. 85 She bears her down majestically near, Speed on her prow, and terror in her tier. c. A rank of pipes in an organ controlled by one stop (see rank n.¹ 1). ΚΠ 1828–32 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. 1880 E. J. Hopkins in G. Grove Dict. Music II. 580/2 Although the number of pipes to each key thus continued to be added to, no means was devised for silencing or selecting any of the several ranks or tiers. d. transferred and figurative. Rank, grade; stratum. ΘΠ society > society and the community > social class > [noun] > distinction of class > level or grade mannishOE placec1330 state1340 gree1382 conditionc1384 sectc1384 sortc1386 ordera1400 raff?a1400 degreea1425 countenancec1477 faction?1529 estate1530 race1563 calibre1567 being1579 coat1579 rang1580 rank1585 tier1590 classis1597 strain1600 consequence1602 regiment1602 sept1610 standinga1616 class1629 species1629 nome1633 quality1636 sort1671 size1679 situation1710 distinction1721 walk of life1733 walk1737 stage1801 strata1805 grade1808 caste1816 social stratum1838 station1842 stratum1863 echelon1950 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. iv. sig. D5 Such one was Wrath, the last of this vngodly tire. 1646 R. Crashaw Sospetto d'Herode xxxviii, in Steps to Temple 63 A gen'rall hisse, from the whole Tire of snakes. 1710 S. Palmer Moral Ess. Prov. 201 This is a sin of quality for the most part, tho' the lower tier of people are often tainted with it. 1882 W. B. Weeden Social Law Labor 66 The base Fuidirs composed the lower tier of society. e. A range or line of contiguous lots, townships, counties, or states. U.S. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > a land or country > part of country or district > [noun] > range of contiguous districts tier1693 1693 in Connecticut Hist. Soc. Coll. (1912) XIV. 212 One lyeing in the Same Teere of lotts abutting on a Highway. 1720 in New-Eng. Historical & Geneal. Reg. (1875) XXIX. 288 Eastward of the first tear of lots. 1722 in Public Rec. Colony of Connecticut (1872) VI. 311 The northermost tier of the three tier of lots lying next to Midletown. 1824 in S. C. Cox Recoll. Early Settlem. Wabash Valley (1860) iii. 18 The land is sold in tiers of townships. 1856 Spirit of Times 18 Oct. 113/1 The great varying hare..is no longer to be found in our state,..until we reach the northern tier of counties, on the Canada line. 1887 Harper's Mag. Apr. 833/2 Mr. Van Buren's presence in the southern tier. 1904 N. Y. Evening Post 7 Nov. 2 The big Republican majorities in the lower tier of counties. 1949 Ward County (N. Dakota) Independent 21 July 1/3 Each of the big wheat states in the tier from Texas up through North Dakota appears to be coming up with a crop just under that state's all-time record. f. A mountainous scarp; a mountain. Tasmania. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > mountain > [noun] barrowc885 mountainc1275 Alpa1450 reek1776 ben1788 berg1840 tier1850 1850 T. Arnold Let. 29 Sept. (1966) 55 The next day..we all walked up a ‘tier’ (Tasmanian for hill) near the house. 1902 Encycl. Brit. XXXIII. 185/2 The marginal crests of this mountain table-land, together with its upper surface,..are known locally as ‘Tiers’. 1965 Austral. Encycl. VIII. 425/2 Along the north-western coast [of Tasmania] there is a strip of rich, undulating land, climbing steadily to the base of steep escarpments called ‘tiers’. g. Each of a number of successively overlapping ruffles or flounces on a garment. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > parts of clothing > [noun] > trimmings or ornamentation > ruffle or frill ruff?1523 chitterling1576 hand-ruff1581 peak1591 frislet1607 fall1634 ruffle1659 furbelow1706 flounce1726 Valenciennes1764 ruche1806 ruching1847 volant1851 flouncing1865 balayeuse1882 cascade1882 goffering1889 tier1934 1934 in Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. 1938 F. P. Walkup Dressing Part xv. 354 Tiers of ruffles, side pleats, and diagonal layers were introduced, for variety. 1978 Detroit Free Press 5 Mar. d12/1 Tiers will fall from little squared yokes, freely. 2. Nautical. a. A row of ships moored or anchored at a particular place; hence, an anchorage or mooring-place where ships lie in rows or columns. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > berthing, mooring, or anchoring > [noun] > action of mooring > place for > row of moorings tier1732 trot1923 1732 London Mag. 1 152 All the Ships Crews in the Teer gathered together. 1772 Ann. Reg. 1771 148 A Dutch vessel..broke from her mooring, ran foul of a tier of ships. 1774 Hull Dock Act 33 No more than three ships..shall lie in the same tier, within the said haven. 1864 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend (1865) I. i. i. 2 The tiers of shipping lay on either hand. 1907 Law Rep.: Probate Div. 61 A steamship..which was lying at Greenwich tier. b. (See quot. 1882.) ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > room, locker, or quarters > [noun] > storage room or compartment > cable tier tier1797 1797 Encycl. Brit. X. 644/2 He [the mate] is to have a diligent attention to the cables, seeing that they are well coiled and kept clean when laid in the tier. 1800 P. Colquhoun Treat. Commerce & Police R. Thames iii. 94 Tea..stowed in the cable tier of a China Ship. 1825 H. B. Gascoigne Path to Naval Fame 48 Hard work the Tierers in the Tier below, The sturdy Cable in true coils to Stow. 1834 F. Marryat Peter Simple I. xi. 143 Knocking the man down into the cable tier. 1860 H. Stuart Novice's or Young Seaman's Catech. (rev. ed.) 62 The hemp cables are coiled in the cable tiers. 1882 G. S. Nares Seamanship (ed. 6) 95 The tiers are large racks, and stow the stream cable, hawsers for the kedge, etc., anchor gear, runners and tackles,..clothes-lines, etc. Compounds attributive and in other combinations: tier-board n. a board belonging to a cable or rope tier: see 2b. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > room, locker, or quarters > [noun] > storage room or compartment > cable tier > board belonging to tier-board1887 1887 E. J. Mather Nor'ard of Dogger (1889) 81 They spread some o' the trawl-warp tier-boards along the thwarts, an' a rug on the top of 'em for me to lie on. tier-ranger n. a (Thames) river thief. ΘΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > [noun] > river-thief lumper1781 light horsemen1799 river thief1800 tier-ranger1853 1853 C. Dickens Down with Tide in Househ. Words 5 Feb. 484/1 Tier-rangers, who silently dropped alongside the tiers of shipping in the Pool, by night. 1853 C. Dickens Down with Tide in Househ. Words 5 Feb. 484/2 We took no Tier-rangers..nor other evil disposed person or persons. 1862 J. Binny in H. Mayhew London Labour (new ed.) Extra vol. 370/2 Tier-rangers or river pirates. tier-saw n. see quot. 1877. Π 1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Tier-saw, one for cutting curved faces to bricks for arches and round pillars. tier-shot n. see quot. 1867. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > ammunition for firearms > [noun] > bullet or shot collectively > shot > of large guns fricasseec1575 murdering shot1583 chain-shota1586 crossbar1589 cross-bar shot1591 case shot1599 langrel1627 trundle-shot1627 partridge1635 chain-bullet1636 pelican1639 case1642 spike-shota1661 double-head1678 double-headed shot1678 partridge-shot1683 grape1687 burrel-shot1706 double1707 angel-shot1730 grapeshot1747 star shot1753 bar-shot1756 langrage1769 canister1801 stang-ball1802 chain1804 canister-shot1809 tier-shot1828 pot-leg1852 six-pounder1855 shunt shot1864 sand-shot1867 mitraille1868 1828 J. M. Spearman Brit. Gunner 35 Tier Shot.—At 50 rounds per gun. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Tier-shot, that kind of grape~shot which is secured in tiers by parallel iron discs. tiersman n. Tasmanian colloquial (see quot.); cf. sense 1f above. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > [noun] > dweller on high land Highlandman1450 overlander1548 mountainer1577 mountaineer1599 highlander1614 mountainist1625 uplander1699 hillman1854 hill-woman1895 hillsider1898 tiersman1941 Montagnard1966 1941 S. J. Baker Pop. Dict. Austral. Slang 76 ‘Tiersman’: one who lives in the mountains. Tasmanian slang. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online June 2022). tiern.² Brit. /ˈtʌɪə/, U.S. /ˈtaɪər/ Forms: Also tyer. Etymology: < tie v. + -er suffix¹. 1. One who ties; spec. a person employed to tie something. Also tier up. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > binding or tying > [noun] > binding with a cord, string, or tying > one who ties (up) tier1633 1633 P. Fletcher Poeticall Misc. 57 in Purple Island Hymen, the tier of hearts already tied. 1648 H. Hexham Groot Woorden-boeck Een Hechter, a Fixer, a Fastner, or a Tyer to. 1848 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 9 ii. 554 The tiers can take the best to tie to the poles. 1876 A. Plummer tr. J. J. I. von Döllinger Hippolytus & Callistus iii. 153 The Church..is the tyer of the marriage bond. 1895 Daily Tel. 18 Sept. 4/2 He begins life at the sandpaper works, as a tier up of bundles, at three and sixpence a week. 2. One who ties with another in a match or competition. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > winning, losing, or scoring > [noun] > draw or tie > one who ties tier1810 1810 Sporting Mag. 35 97 The tyers to play with one another in the order they become tyers. 3. Something that ties or is used for tying; a band; spec. one for tying a sail; plural = tie-up n. 4. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > binding or tying > a bond, tie, or fastening > [noun] > tie tieOE bonda1325 tying1548 tial1549 tier1844 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > ropes or chains other than rigging or cable > [noun] > lashings, seizings, or securing ropes > a rope used for stopper1636 lanyard1669 lasher1669 racking1704 selvage1711 selvagee1750 gilguy1833 tier1844 stop1846 selvage-stropc1860 society > communication > book > parts of book > [noun] > fastenings clasp1454 strings1583 hasp1829 tier1895 tie-up1896 1844 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 5 i. 36 The beans are cut..and tied with strong tyers or straw bands. 1860 G. S. Nares Naval Cadet's Guide 81 The sail is then secured to the yard with tyers. 1873 ‘Vanderdecken’ Yachts & Yachting 265 Let the gaskets, or as they are sometimes called, the tyers, which confine the mainsail in its furl, be taken off. 1882 G. S. Nares Seamanship (ed. 6) 130 The sail is secured to the yard with tyers. 1895 Sotheby's Catal. 25 Apr. 52 (Kelmscott Press) Morris,..‘The Defence of Guenevere’, ornamental title and initial letters, vellum, silk tyers, uncut. 1939 A. Ransome Secret Water iii. 44 In a minute or two, he had bundled the sail along the boom and put a couple of tiers to hold it there. 1947 A. Ransome Great Northern? viii. 101 The next few minutes were full of the regular drill of getting under way. Tyers were cast off the sails. 4. U.S. A pinafore or apron covering the whole front of the dress. (Also spelt tire, tyre, and referred by some to tire n.¹) ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > that covers or protects other clothing > pinafore > types of slip1690 tier1846 pinarette1951 1846 J. E. Worcester Universal Dict. Eng. Lang. Tier, one that ties; a child's apron, tidy. See Tire. 1864 Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Tier, a child's apron without sleeves, and covering the upper part of the body, [1890] and tied with tape or cord. 1865 A. D. Whitney Gayworthys vii. 73 She took care of Say; put on her long-sleeved tyers when she sent her out to play. 1889 L. Larcom New Eng. Girlhood 22 We sometimes smirched our clean aprons (high-necked and long-sleeved ones, known as tiers). 1902 Dial. Notes (U.S.) 2 254 (Let. to G. Hempl) Even among the older people [in New Engl.], ‘cricket’ has mostly given place to ‘footstool’, and ‘tier’ to ‘apron’. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022). tierv. /tɪə/ Etymology: < tier n.¹ transitive. To arrange or pile in tiers. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > arrangement in (a) row(s) or line(s > arrange in (a) row(s) or line(s [verb (transitive)] rangec1450 rank1590 enrank1610 stringc1650 align1693 row1703 tier1889 the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > a layer > arrange in layers [verb (transitive)] > arrange in tiers tier1889 1889 Rep. N.Y. Produce Exchange 1888–9 301 Lightermen shall not..be required to tier or pile their freight on the docks. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.¹1569n.²1633v.1889
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tiern.1

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tierv.

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tiern.²