branchn.

Brit.

/brɑːn(t)ʃ/,

/bran(t)ʃ/, U.S.

/bræn(t)ʃ/

Forms: Middle English bransch, Middle English–1500s brance, Middle English bronch, Middle English–1500s braunche, Middle English–1600s branche, braunch, Middle English brawnche, Middle English– branch.

Etymology: < French branche branch < late Latin branca paw of an animal.

I. A material offshoot.

1. A portion or limb of a tree or other plant growing out of the stem or trunk, or out of one of the boughs; in a more specific sense, a branch is understood to be smaller than a bough and larger than a shoot or spray.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > [noun] > bough or branch

boughc1000

limbOE

brancha1300

trainc1390

grain1513

palm1559

arm1579

stem1584

lug-pole1773

hag wood1804

hag1808

tree branch1851

rame1858

a1300 Cursor Mundi 1321 He.. sau..a mekil tre, Wid branchis fele of barc al bare.

c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 2681 Sche quakyth As doth the braunche that sepherus shakyth.

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 487 A bronch of olyue.

c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 29 As the sprai cometh out of the braunche, the braunche out of the bouȝ.

1552 Abp. J. Hamilton Catech. i. xvi. f. 46^v A stark brance of ane Aik tre.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vii. 433 From Branch to Branch the smaller Birds with song Solac'd the Woods.

1709 A. Pope Autumn in Poet. Misc.: 6th Pt. 743 Now Golden Fruits on loaded Branches shine.

1873 J. Morley Rousseau I. 169 To construct hovels of branches and clay.

2. transferred.

a. Anything analogous to a limb of a tree, in being a lateral extension or subdivision of a main trunk; e.g. of a mountain range, a river, a road or railway, an artery or vein, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > arm or branch

branch1297

arma1398

bracec1400

ramification1653

divarication1664

1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. 152 Þe oþer hadde sene branches..And toward þe Yrische see..þei drowe.

1603 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Hist. Descr. Worlde 221 Therein are saide to be three and twenty braunches of the mount Atlas.

1696 W. Whiston New Theory of Earth ii. 104 Tho' the particular place..be now under Water, and a Branch or Bay of the great Ocean.

1787 G. Winter New Syst. Husbandry 99 The branches, or smaller drains are from twenty to forty, or fifty feet a-part.

1791 Act 31 Geo. III c. 65 (Preamble) To make and maintain One other Rail or Waggon Way, or Stone Road, with Branches therefrom.

1828 R. Knox tr. H. Cloquet Syst. Human Anat. 640 From the aorta therefore arise secondary trunks, branches, twigs and ramuscules in great number.

1831 in Notes & Queries (1868) II. 102/1 The railroad is not supposed to answer vastly well, but they are making a branch to Warrington.

1863 A. P. Stanley Lect. Jewish Church I. xiv. 323 The vast army fled, far through the eastern branch of the plain.

1869 C. Boutell tr. J. P. Lacombe Arms & Armour ix. 173 From these guards curved branches proceed..to the pommel.

1878 F. S. Williams Midland Railway (ed. 4) 359 It is a branch of the Great Northern.

b. U.S. spec. A small stream or brook.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > stream > [noun] > brook or brooklet

brookc888

ritheeOE

burnc1000

bournc1390

becka1400

brooketa1552

gill1635

stell1651

branch1663

turlough1686

brooklet1813

nant1923

1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia ii. 23 Here doth the river divide it selfe into 3 or 4 convenient branches.]

1663 in North Carolina Col. Rec. (1886) I. 20 That Parcell of land..Beginning at a small creek or Branch.

1674 in Maryland Hist. Mag. (1906) 1 10 Running north and by east fifty perches to a bounded oak by a small branch.

1699 Cal. Virginia State Papers I. 64 We came to a broad Branch of about fifty or sixty yards wide.

1786 G. Washington Diaries III. 9 Found a Fox in the Branch within Mr. Thomson Mason's Field.

1796 B. Hawkins Lett. 25 I came to a branch covered with reeds.

1817 S. R. Brown Western Gazetteer 12 Cane on the creeks and reed on branches.

1832 J. Hall Legends of West (1833) 27 He proceeded cautiously towards a rivulet, or in the vernacular of the country, a branch, that meandered along the foot of the hill.

1835 W. Irving Tour on Prairies 188 Most of the ‘branches’, or streams, were dried up.

1835 W. Irving Tour on Prairies 307 In ‘branch’ or brook water.

1872 E. Eggleston Hoosier School-master xxviii. 187 It was just by the brook, or as they say in Indiana, the ‘branch’.

1887 ‘C. E. Craddock’ Keedon Bluffs 109 He was the first fellow to fall into the briars and to flounder into the branch.

1917 C. Mathewson Second Base Sloan v. 67 An' there's a branch close by it too, mighty nice tastin water, Mas Wayne.

c. One of the subdivisions of a deer's horn; a ‘start,’ antler, or shoot; transferred a horn anciently worn as part of a woman's head-dress.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > male > [noun] > body and parts > antler > branch

antlera1398

startc1400

tinec1480

branch1484

advancer1486

knag1578

speer1607

spire1607

snag1673

tang1688

point1780

1486 Bk. St. Albans E. iiij Too braunchis first pawmyd he most haue.

1598 J. Manwood Treat. Lawes Forrest iv. f. 28 In a Buck they say [of the antlers], Bur, Beame, Braunch, Aduauncers, Palme, and Spellers.

1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια, sive Panzoologicomineralogia 108 The horns are only on the Males, and have 6 or 7 branches.

1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess Concl. 163 A shout arose again, and..shook the branches of the deer.

1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) xlviii. 70 Many of them caste awey their braunches and hornes.

d. One of the arms of a candelabrum or chandelier. Hence †A chandelier, esp. of the kind used in churches. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > candle > support or holder for a candle > [noun] > candelabrum

branch1525

principal1548

candle-branch1599

lustre1682

chandelier1736

pharos1806

candelabrum1815

cluster-candlestick1859

lampadary1885

the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > candle > support or holder for a candle > [noun] > candelabrum > parts of

shafta1425

branch1525

1476 Will (Somerset Ho.) Ad sustentacionem luminis beate marie virginis vocati le Branche.]

1525 Churchwardens' Accts. St. Dunstan's, Canterb. Taperys that where sparyd of the braunche before the Rode.

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Candlestycke called a braunche. Candlestycke with thre braunches or lightes.

1665 J. Davies tr. A. de Castillo Solórzano La Picara iv. 234 A Branch, of Crystal, wherein were many wax-candles.

1794 G. Adams Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. III. xxix. 202 You may find how long a branch is which hangs down from the roof of a church.

e. poetic. The human arm (or hand). rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > limb > arm > [noun]

armeOE

brawna1382

hand?a1425

branch1594

bridle arm1622

shield-arm1640

smiter1673

sword-arm1687

fin1785

pistol arm1800

spade-arm1804

pinion1848

liver wing1855

bow-arm1860

meathook1919

gun1973

1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus ii. iv. 18 What sterne vngentle hands, Hath..made thy body bare, Of her two branches .

†3. A branch-like figured pattern in embroidery or ornamental work: cf. branch v. 6, branched adj. 2b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [noun] > embroidery or ornamental sewing > designs or patterns

imagerya1393

imagery work1500

roundel1546

essefirme1600

branch1606

rundlet1672

veining1814

tracery1827

crow's foot1830

Berlin pattern1841

Venetian bar1882

wheatear1882

wheel1903

1606 H. Peacham Art of Drawing 35 In diapering..maintaining one branche or the same work throughout.

†4. A definite complex structure or form, as the characteristic form of man or any animal.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > [noun] > a particular

fashionc1325

branch1668

1668 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anat. (new ed.) i. xxviii. 68 The Particles of the Seed..agitated only by the Heat of the womb..fall into the Branch of a Livewight.

1668 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anat. (new ed.) i. xxviii. 68 The Divine Shape of..Man is alwaies one and the same..How could that Branch be formed without the Mind?

II. Figurative applications suggested by the relation of a branch to the tree.

5. Connected with the notion of a ‘genealogical tree’.

a. One of the portions into which a family or race is divided according to the differing lines of descent from the common ancestor; hence a division of a nation, or of a ‘family’ in any figurative sense, such as that of a group in scientific classification.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinship group > stock, race, or family > [noun] > branch

brancha1400

stem1610

stirps1681

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 5657 Þat branch [Vesp. brance] of kin cald iuus was, þat cam of iacob sonis iudas.

c1571 E. Campion Two Bks. Hist. Ireland (1963) i. viii. 30 Cast out by the collaterall branches of Cham.

1793 E. Burke Corr. (1844) IV. 135 I do not flatter myself, that the English branch of the Jacobin family is a jot better than the French.

1839 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) I. 147 They are Minyans; a branch of the Greek nation.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 219 Both the branches of the great House of Austria sprang to arms.

†b. A child, descendant; cf. scion n. 2b. Obsolete except in humorous use; (quot. 1807 contains an allusion to Psalm cxxviii. 3). Cf. olive branch n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > descendant > [noun]

sonOE

lineage1303

rootc1330

impinga1340

after-comera1382

nephewa1387

impc1412

descentc1475

branch1535

descendant1569

stirp1574

scion1591

sprig1591

slip1594

sprout?1611

posterior1889

ancestor1920

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Jer. xxiii. 5 I wil rayse vp the rightuous braunch of Dauid.

1577 R. Stanyhurst Treat. Descr. Irelande i. f. 3^v/2, in R. Holinshed Chron. I Bastolenus a braunche of Iaphet..brought thither the same kinde of speache.

1605 W. Camden Remaines i. 93 Robert the sonne of Maldred, a braunch of an olde English familie.

1753 Watts Coronat. Day xiii. 49 in Poet. Wks. (1782) VII. 150 Mark that young branch [Note Prince William] of rising fame.

1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1712 I. 13 Of which [family] the poet was a branch.

1807 G. Crabbe Parish Reg. i, in Poems 52 Now of that Vine he would no more increase, Those playful branches now disturb his peace.

c. In devotional literature applied to Christ, with allusion to Isaiah xi. 1, Zechariah iii. 8, vi. 12, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > the Trinity > the Son or Christ > [noun] > according to other attributes

horn of salvation (health)c825

fatherOE

sun of righteousnessOE

priestc1175

leecha1200

vinec1315

apostlec1382

amenc1384

shepherdc1384

the Wisdom of the Father1402

high priest1526

pelican1526

mediatora1530

reconcilerc1531

branch1535

morning star1535

surety1535

vicar1651

arch-shepherd1656

hierarch1855

particularity1930

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Zech. vi. 12 Beholde, the man whose name is the braunche.

1719 I. Watts Hymns i. l. ii He [God] makes the Branch of promise grow.

1831 Wesley's Hymns Supp. No. 650 Branch of Jesse's stem, arise.

a. With express or implied reference to a metaphorical tree, root, or stock: One of the consequences deducible from a general principle; one of the effects resulting from a cause.See also root and branch n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > causation > effect, result, or consequence > [noun]

proofc1330

worka1382

workinga1382

consequentc1386

effectc1390

processa1400

consequencec1400

sequel1477

efficacea1492

operation1525

branch1526

efficacy1549

trial1559

ensuing1561

repercussion1603

success1606

productiona1610

salutation1609

succeedinga1616

pursuancea1626

spawna1631

income1635

result1638

importance1645

consequency1651

product1651

causal1652

causate1656

consectary1659

propter hoc1671

inference1673

corollary1674

resultment1683

produce1698

recussion1754

development1803

suitea1806

eventuation1813

sequent1838

sequence1853

causatum1879

sequela1883

ramification1925

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. QQviii Whiche is..y^e thirde braunche in the tree of grace.

1719 I. Watts Hymns i. lvii. v Wild and unwholesome as the root Will all the branches be.

1759 E. Burke Philos. Enq. Sublime & Beautiful (ed. 2) ii. §5. 110 This branch rises..from terror, the common stock of every thing that is sublime.

b. In medieval theology, one of the subordinate classes coming under the category of any one of the seven deadly sins, or of any venial sin.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > sin > kinds of sin > [noun]

brancha1300

a1300 Cursor Mundi 26363 Gastly sin [es]..lust and pride, And þair bransches þat springes wide.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 9 Þer by zome bronches þet ne byeþ naȝt dyadlich zenne.

c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋15 Of this roote [pride] springen general braunches; as ire, envye, accidie.

1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. xvii. 264 Ypocrisie is a braunche of pruyde.

1615 S. Hieron Dignitie of Preaching in Wks. (1620) I. 603 The raging sins of the first Table, as well as the more notorious branches of the second.

a. A division of a subject; a subdivision of a general concept or notion; a department of any study, pursuit, or employment; frequently in phraseological combinations, (where department may be substituted), as branch of activity, branch of industry, branch of study, etc. Also branch of the revenue, branch of the prerogative, etc.

ΚΠ

1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure xi. xl As to the fourth part, Pronouncyacyon, I shal it shewe anone..Wyth many braunches of it.

1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice ii. ii. 59 The sisters three, and such braunches of learning.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxvi. 141 Fidelity..a branch of naturall Justice.

1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. iii. 223 Thus fell that High Court [the star-chamber], a great Branch of the Prerogative.

1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 288. ⁋3 Indian Silks were formerly a great Branch of our Trade.

1726 J. Swift Gulliver I. i. vi. 94 Their Learning..flourished in all its Branches.

1756 C. Lucas Ess. Waters i. Pref. One branch of quackery.

1762 D. Hume Hist. Eng. (1806) V. lxvii. 109 The king's revenue lay under great debts and anticipations; those branches granted in the year 1669 and 1670 were ready to expire.

1813 J. Austen Pride & Prejudice I. iii. 25 She was..obliged to seek another branch of the subject.

1839 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) I. 239 The Phœnicians..introduced letters, along with other branches of knowledge.

b. One of the divergent directions along which a line of thought may be followed out; a division of a complex proposition, question, argument, discussion, demand, legislative enactment, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > one of the parts into which anything is divided > of a subject or action > of a question, proposition, etc.

branch1542

1542–3 Act 34 & 35 Hen. VIII v. §3 It is conteined in the..statute, within diuers articles and branches of the same.

1632 in S. R. Gardiner Rep. Cases Star Chamber & High Comm. (1886) 102 I thinke these as branches of the first charge are charged in the bill.

1680 J. Rushworth Hist. Coll.: Second Pt. II. 980 (heading) The Branch of a letter from the Arch-bishop of Canterbury to Dr. Hall..dated..the 11th of November 1639.

1680 J. Rushworth Hist. Coll.: Second Pt. II. 1347 (heading) A Branch of the Lord Digby's Speech about Episcopacy.

1696 W. Whiston New Theory of Earth iv. 377 The first Branch of this Proposition.

1783 Ainsworth's Thes. Linguæ Latinæ (new ed.) i A branch [of discourse], caput.

1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) VI. 307 The express declaration of the testator in almost every branch of his will.

8. A component portion of an organization or system, a part of a larger unity. branch of the legislature, one of the houses or chambers into which the legislative body is divided.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > constituent part or component > of a system or organization

branch1696

1696 W. Whiston Disc. conc. Mosaick Hist. Creation 11 in New Theory of Earth The bare Earth..is but one Member or Branch.

1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 287. ¶5 A mixt Government, consisting of three Branches.

1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. 258 This branch of the legislature, which represents the people.

1847 J. Yeowell Chron. Anc. Brit. Church xiii. 150 The Roman Church was a sound and uncorrupt branch of the Catholic Church.

9. A local office of business, subordinate to the main or head office, as the ‘branch’ of a bank or other establishment.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > workplace > office > [noun] > local branch

branch1817

branch-office1885

1817 Petition in Parl. Deb. 1st Ser. 215 This London Union Society..establishing branches and affiliations.

1875 W. S. Jevons Money (1878) 257 Important banks, each possessing numerous branches.

III. Senses specifically relating to Trinity House.

10. The certificate held by a brother of the Trinity House; also that given by the Trinity House to pilots who have passed an examination as to their competence. Cf. branch-pilot n. at Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > seafaring life > [noun] > seamen's certificates

branch1783

ticketc1900

1783 Mass. Stat. 11 July To give to each of the said pilots branches or warrants for the due execution of the duties of their respective offices.

1865 A. Esquiros Cornwall 237 He received a branch, the name given to a certificate bearing the signature of the Society.

IV. In various technical senses.

11. [Chiefly after French branche.] In Architecture the rib of a Gothic vault; in Zoology (see quot. 1881); in Mechanics the beam or axle of a pump or similar machine; also, a bolt or strap with arms; in Harness-making, a pair of parallel levers passing through the ends of a curb-bit, and provided with rings or loops for the curb-chain, etc.; in Fortification, the wing of a horn- or crown-work; also, one of the boyaux of a zigzag approach. The word is also used of the metal piece on the end of a hose, to which the nozzle is screwed (also, the hose itself); and of each of the sides of a horseshoe.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > equipment > pump > [noun] > other parts of pumps

pump box1422

pump-staff1422

pump-tree1617

branch1659

pump rod1731

pear-gauge1753

barometer-gauge1783

bucket-door1797

head1824

balance-bob1838

suction primer1875

cup-leather1889

airline1893

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > arch > [noun] > vaulting > rib

ogive1290

rib1608

branch1793

vaulting rib1830

nook-rib1835

surface rib1835

transom-rib1835

wall-rib1835

lierne1842

cross-rib1858

formeret1872

society > armed hostility > attack > action or state of siege or blockade > [noun] > approach works > types of approach works > branch of

boyau1691

branch1838

society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > earthwork or rampart > [noun] > outwork > hornwork > wing of

branch1838

the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > horse-gear > [noun] > bit > parts of

cannon?1561

cheek?1561

port?1561

player1566

upset mouth1566

rowel1590

mouth1607

upset1607

liberty1667

mouthpiece1728

top-roll1728

cheekpiece1864

branch1884

bit-maker1902

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > extinguishing fire > [noun] > fire-fighting > a substance or apparatus for extinguishing > hose > parts of

Siamese coupling1891

branch1897

1659 J. Leak tr. I. de Caus New Inventions Water-works 17 The said Levers shalbe also fitted to two arms or branches.

1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §38 There were two large branches fixed near the center, for taking hold of the two sides of a large upright piece of timber.

1838 Penny Cycl. XII. 296/1 The defenders of their branches could not have avoided firing upon one another.

1881 Nature 15 Sept. 463/1 Branches—The cell-bearing portions of the zoarium of Glauconome..or Synocladia.

1884 E. L. Anderson Mod. Horsemanship i. v. 18 The branches should be long or short, as the rider wishes a mild or a severe bit.

1897 Daily News 22 Nov. 7/3 Engineer Heather..ordered his men to drop their ‘branches’ and run.

1945 S. Spender Citizens in War 46 Two firemen may then have to stand for hours holding the ‘branch’..from which the water proceeds.

1959 R. Collier City that wouldn't Die viii. 132 Swing your branch to the left, son—give the Shoe Lane corner a drink.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

a. (In sense 1.)

(a) Objective with participial adjective, verbal noun, or agent-noun.

(i)

branch-gatherer n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > [noun] > branch-gatherer

branch-gatherer1483

1483 Cath. Angl. 41 A Brawnche gederer, frondator.

(ii)

branch-bearing adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > [adjective] > of or having branch(es)

brancheda1375

branchinga1382

branchy1382

boughedc1400

branch-bearing1567

boughy1570

branch-embellished1596

embranched?1596

rameous1760

ramous1813

rameal1816

ramal1834

1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 56 Pearserthnut..is in leafe and braunch bearing like to Cicer.

(b) Locative and instrum. (poetic)

branch-charmed adj.

ΚΠ

1820 J. Keats Hyperion: a Fragm. i, in Lamia & Other Poems 149 Tall oaks, branch-charmed by the earnest stars.

branch-embellished adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > [adjective] > of or having branch(es)

brancheda1375

branchinga1382

branchy1382

boughedc1400

branch-bearing1567

boughy1570

branch-embellished1596

embranched?1596

rameous1760

ramous1813

rameal1816

ramal1834

1596 M. Drayton Mortimeriados sig. O 4^v Notingham..Crowne of the beautious branch-embellish'd soyle.

branch-rent adj.

ΚΠ

1820 J. Keats Lamia ii, in Lamia & Other Poems 40 Vales deflower'd, or forest-trees branch-rent.

(c) attributive (Pertaining to a branch.)

(i)

branch-bud n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > [noun] > bough or branch > spur or stump of branch or bud

stubc1405

snag1577

brunt1623

skeg1625

stud1657

argot1693

spur1704

stump1707

wood-bud1763

nog1802

branch-bud1882

knee1889

knee-process1889

dard1925

1882 S. H. Vines tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. (ed. 2) 370 The deciduous branch-buds of Bryum annotinum may also be considered as organs of reproduction.

(ii)

branch-like adj.

ΚΠ

1852 M. F. Tupper Proverb. Philos. 167 With dull malignant stare watcheth the branch-like boa.

b. (In sense 2.) attributive (Having the character of a branch.)

branch-line n. (of railway).

ΚΠ

1846 Penny Cycl. Suppl. II. 667/2 When..in working branch lines, a carriage must be sent through for the accommodation of only two or three passengers.

branch railway n.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > rail travel > railway system or organization > [noun] > a railway > forming part of a system > types of

branch line1825

sideline1831

stem1832

light rail1836

suburban1839

branch railway1840

main line1841

spurring1842

local line1843

trunk line1843

extension1852

feeder1855

main trunk1858

loop-line1859

loop1863

spur1878

main1886

spur line1924

1840 Act 3 & 4 Vic. xcvii. §18 Effecting communication between such railway and any..branch railway.

branch-road n.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > road > [noun] > minor road or side road

lateral1578

by-road1673

vicinal way or road1677

side road1691

cross-road1719

branch-road1831

feeder1855

secondary road1903

feeder road1959

1831 Deb. Congress 1 Mar. 830 The opening of branch roads.

1842 C. Dickens Amer. Notes I. iv. 149 Except when a branch road joins the main one, there is seldom more than one track of rails.

branch-root n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > root > [noun] > rootlet, fibre, or subsidiary root

string1398

by-root1578

fillet1601

taw1615

tapon1641

fibre1656

fang1664

fibril1664

rootlinga1706

lateral root1724

rootlet1783

radicle1793

radicel1819

viver1877

branch-root1884

sprangle1896

thong1927

1884 F. O. Bower & D. H. Scott tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Anat. Phanerogams & Ferns 362 Branch-roots of Dracæna reflexa..have a thoroughly typical structure.

branch-vein n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > [noun] > branch

branch-veinc1400

eye vein1545

surcle1578

tendron1578

propagation1615

twig1683

radicle1829

rootlet1875

radical1880

c1400 in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) I. 190 Fro ‘basylica’..A branche veyn spryngeth up ful bolde.

c. (In sense 9.)

branch-establishment n.

branch-office n.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > workplace > office > [noun] > local branch

branch1817

branch-office1885

1885 Law Rep.: Chancery Div. 29 219 The company had no branch office of its own in England.

C2. Special combinations.

branch bank n. a branch-office of a bank, established to give banking facilities to a locality at a distance from the head-office.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > financial dealings > banking > [noun] > bank > other types of bank

merchant bank1620

land-bank1696

private bank1696

paper bankc1720

national bank1736

bank of circulation1767

bank of deposit1767

corporate bank1780

state bank1791

branch bank1796

reserve bank1816

investment bank1824

bank of issue1831

commercial bank1838

red dog1838

wild cat1838

central bank1841

national bank1864

investment house1878

issue house1878

clearing-bank1883

issuing house1890

member bank1914

custodian1915

merchant banker1924

Swiss bank1949

development bank1950

Transcash1982

telephone bank1985

bancassurer1991

1796 Boston Directory 302 Branch Bank, State street.

1832 Chambers' Edinb. Jrnl. 23 June 162/3 The conductors of the branch banks give no loans..without consulting with their masters.

1834 J. W. Gilbart Hist. Banking 109 The establishment of branch banks may be considered as the effect of the formation of joint-stock banks.

1835 J. H. Ingraham South-West II. 165 It contains also a branch bank, court-house, gaol [etc.].

1863 Haydn's Dict. Dates (ed. 11) 67 The branch banks of the Bank of England in the chief towns of the kingdom..have all been formed since 1828.

branch-bottom n. in U.S. see quot.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > tract > [noun] > alluvial

slobland1837

branch-bottom1880

wash-plain1899

1880 M. Allan-Olney New Virginians I. 82 The land being what is called branch-bottom, i.e. alluvial in character.

branch-building adj. building in branches.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > by habitat > [adjective] > that builds nests

nest-composing1601

pensile1791

nest-building1826

branch-building1868

1868 J. G. Wood Homes without Hands xxvii. 514 We shall take first the branch-building mammalia.

Categories »

branch-chuck n. Mechanics a chuck having four branches turned up at the ends, and furnished with screws.

Categories »

branch-coal n. a provincial name for anthracite.

branch-grass n. (see quot.)

ΚΠ

1838 H. Colman 1st Rep. Agric. Mass. (Mass. Agric. Surv.) 18 Branch Grass, a short reedy grass, resembling much the fox grass..branches much and from this circumstance derives its name.

branch house n. an offshoot of a religious community, business firm, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > workplace > office > [noun] > offshoot

branch house1840

1840 K. H. Digby Mores Catholici x. i. 9 Cisteaux, the mother house of the order, [was] founded..in 1098... La Ferté was the first branch house.

1872 ‘G. Eliot’ Middlemarch III. vi. lxi. 346 There was a branch house at the west end.

branch-island n. an island beside a river formed by an anabranch n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > land mass > island > [noun] > other

desert island1607

holt1611

sister isle1612

atoll1625

floating island1638

sister island1659

tropical island1769

artificial island1775

home island1806

wooden island1808

fire-isle1817

coral-island1831

thrum cap1832

branch-island1834

island-continent1872

off-island1880

hover1892

phosphate island1909

1834 J. R. Jackson in Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 4 79 Thus, such branches of a river as after separation re-unite, I would term anastomosing-branches; or, if a word might be coined, anabranches, and the islands they form, branch-islands.

branch library n. a library other than the main one in an area; hence .

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > book > library or collection of books > library, place, or institution > [noun] > other types

public library1597

lending library1708

travelling library?1727

book society1739

book club1740

circulating library1742

free library1746

county library1748

library of reference1809

reference library1821

prison library1847

branch library1862

bookmobile1924

1862 E. C. Gaskell Let. 16 June (1966) 689 Would it be much trouble for you to enquire from him [sc. Mr. Mudie] whether he has any Branch-Library in Paris..?

1927 Cmd. 2868 (Publ. Libr. Rep.) 66 The branch library is the most important form of library extension.

branch librarian n.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > book > library or collection of books > librarian > [noun]

bibliothecar1581

bibliothecary1611

library-keeper1647

librarier1667

bibliothecarian1685

librarian1713

bibliothec1859

librarianess1862

reference librarian1892

branch librarian1938

teacher-librarian1975

1938 H. A. Sharp Branch Libraries iii. 62 A superintendent of branches..is necessarily a mediary between the chief and the branch librarian.

branch-pilot n. a pilot who holds a Trinity House certificate.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > one who travels by water or sea > sailor > sailors involved in specific duties or activities > [noun] > helmsman or pilot > Trinity House pilot

brother1696

branch-pilot1783

1783 Mass. Stat. 11 July Every branch pilot being commissioned and qualified as aforesaid.

1864 Times 10 Dec. The first branch pilot who offered his services..was bound to be accepted.

branch-point n. Mathematics a point in the complex plane at which two or more branches of a function (usually an algebraic function) of a complex variable coincide.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > geometry > point > [noun] > on a surface or plane

conical point1812

umbilicus1841

stigma1863

binode1869

branch-point1878

saddle point1907

saddle1952

1878 Cayley in Proc. London Math. Soc. 9 32 There are certain points V called branch-points (Verzweigungspuncte), such that to each point V there correspond two united points..and n-2 other distinct points.

1879 Encycl. Brit. IX. 823/2 Branch-point (verzweigungspunkt).

1893 A. R. Forsyth Theory Functions Complex Variable vi. § 71. 111 All the singularities (and the branch-points, if any) lie on the discriminating circle.

1966 E. G. Phillips Topics Complex Anal. ii. 20 On traversing loop A in the positive sense, the straight pieces have no effect on f (z) since they do not contain a branch point.

† branch-stand v. Obsolete ‘to make a Hawk take the Branch, or leap from Tree to Tree, till the Dog springs the Partridge’ (Phillips, 1706).

ΚΠ

1858 W. Ellis Three Visits Madagascar ix. 242 At the adjacent branch station..we remained a week.

branch water n. U.S. brook water.

ΚΠ

1902 S. Clapin Dict. Amer. s.v. Branch-water, a Southern expression for stream-water, as distinguished from well-water.

1903 A. Adams Log of Cowboy xiii. 200 I had scarcely drunk anything in three months but branch water.

branch wines n. a translation of Portuguese vinos de ramo, wines made for home consumption.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > wine > class or grade of wine > [noun] > local wine

land-wine1390

vin du pays1777

branch wines1833

square gin1888

the wine of the country1888

quinta1907

vino locale1963

1833 C. Redding Hist. Mod. Wines viii. 222 The wine country of the Douro..is again subdivided..into, first, Factory wines..and secondly, Branch wines.

branch-work n. ornamental figured patterns (cf. sense 3).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > pattern or design > [noun] > others

popinjay1322

serpent1388

moss-work1600

flame1602

frostwork1631

damask branch1634

mascaron1664

lacework1675

swash1680

branch-work1702

escallop-shella1706

festoon work1712

ovum1728

bricking1760

rising sun1787

ram's horn1842

linen-pattern1845

linen-scroll1854

wheel-rood1862

primal1875

patch ornament1878

tree1879

wheel-cross1882

skeuomorph1889

linenfold1891

taotie1915

boteh1917

pelta1935

starburst1953

quilling1972

towel-pattern-

1702 W. J. tr. C. de Bruyn Voy. Levant ix. 32 Intermixed with Branch-works that make a glorious shew.

1832 Ld. Tennyson Palace of Art xiv, in Poems (new ed.) 73 Branchwork of costly sardonyx.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

branchv.

Etymology: < branch n.: compare French brancher.

I. intransitive.

1. To bear or put forth branches; sometimes with forth, out. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by growth or development > grow or vegetate [verb (intransitive)] > spring up, grow, or branch

brancha1382

ramify1576

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Ecclus. xxxix. 19 Floureth floures, as lilie; ȝyueth smel, and brauncheth in to grace.

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Braunchen, or haue braunches, frondeo.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) i. i. 24 There rooted betwixt them then such an affection, which cannot chuse but braunch now.

1759 J. Mills tr. H. L. Duhamel du Monceau Pract. Treat. Husbandry ii. i. 131 Gave the earth round these plants a good stirring, before they branched.

1882 S. H. Vines tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. (ed. 2) 478 They branch even before they reach the ground.

a. transferred and figurative. To throw out branches or offshoots; to separate into branches, ramify. Frequently const. from, into. Now almost always with out.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > inclination > divergence > diverge [verb (intransitive)] > ramify or branch

twist1340

branch1398

ramify1576

derivea1612

sprig1658

divaricate1672

subdivide1681

ramificate1780

spray1872

divide1878

1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) iii. ix. 54 The fyfthe synewe braunchyth and comyth in bowes to the Instrumentes of towchynge.

1759 E. Burke Philos. Enq. Sublime & Beautiful (ed. 2) Introd. 40 What subject does not branch out to infinity?

a1853 F. W. Robertson Serm. (1872) 3rd Ser. iii. 31 It branches, therefore, into a twofold division.

1862 H. Spencer First Princ. i. v. §32. 117 Consequences..that go on branching out more widely as years progress.

b. To spring out, as a branch or branches from the stem or root; to deviate from an original direction, strike off in a new path; to diverge from a central point; in modern use chiefly with adverb out, off, less frequently away.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > inclination > divergence > diverge [verb (intransitive)] > ramify or branch > branch off or out

issuec1515

branchc1540

disbranch1622

to go off1728

to take off1831

outbranch1835

offset1853

rib1856

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 8750 Beamys of bright sun, þat braunchis olofte.

1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 247. ¶2 I have known a Woman branch out into a long extempore Dissertation upon the Edging of a Petticoat.

1799 Scotl. described (ed. 2) 13 Many inferior ranges, here and there, branch out from them on all sides.

1820 H. Fuseli Lect. Painting II. v. 52 If it branch not out of the subject.

1847 J. Yeowell Chron. Anc. Brit. Church xi. 112 From this point..branched most of the great roads into the interior.

1870 F. M. Müller Sci. Relig. (1873) 163 A very early concentration of speech from which these dialects branched off.

1871 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (1876) IV. xviii. 212 The Foss Way..branched off from the Eastern gate.

1884 Macmillan's Mag. Oct. 431/2 An excellent street..branches away from the quay, and leads into a vast square.

†3. To spring, arise, or descend from a common stock or parentage; also, to be branched (in the same sense). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > descendant > be descended [verb (intransitive)] > from common stock or parentage

branch1582

1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 1 That from thee Troians should branch a lineal ofspring.

1611 S. Hieron Mariage-blessing in Wks. (1620) I. Ded. sig. A ij All those young plants, which..haue branched from you both.

1631 J. Weever Anc. Funerall Monuments 544 These Butlers are branched from Sir Raph Butler.

1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre iii. xviii. 139 They were a younger house of the Waldenses, and branched from them.

II. transitive.

4. To divide (anything) into branches; to spread out (anything) in the manner of branches.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > divide [verb (transitive)] > divide into branches

ramify1681

branch1700

1700 W. King Transactioneer i. 10 The ends of the Twigs are branched into bunches of Flowers.

1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc i. 48 The dark yew..branch'd there its naked roots.

1864 Ld. Tennyson Aylmer's Field in Enoch Arden, etc. 62 Jewels..Sprinkled about in gold that branch'd itself Fine as ice-ferns.

5. figurative. To arrange or set out in branches. archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > divide [verb (transitive)] > divide and arrange

cast1340

distribute1553

branch1628

1628 W. Prynne Briefe Suruay Mr. Cozens 10 We branch the matter of this Booke into points of Doctrine and substance.

1673 R. Allestree Ladies Calling i. v. §32 I shall not need to branch out devotion into the several parts.

1780 J. Bentham Introd. Princ. Morals & Legisl. (1789) xviii. §56 The whole system of offences..is branched out into five classes.

1810 Monthly Rev. 62 496 If a Gothic story be branched out in the forms of the Shakspearean drama.

6. To adorn or embroider with gold or needlework representing flowers or foliage. Cf. branch n. 3. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > pattern or design > pattern [verb (transitive)] > foliage

branch1590

sprig1695

foliage1836

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > pattern or design > pattern [verb (transitive)] > flowers

branch1590

flower16..

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. ix. sig. V5^v The traine whereof loose far behind her strayd, Braunched with gold & perle.

1620 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Phylaster v. 58 May the moth branch their veluets.

1622 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Phylaster (new ed.) 71 Branch mee his skin in Flowers like a Sattin.

1859 Ld. Tennyson Enid in Idylls of King 34 Enid fell in longing for a dress All branch'd and flower'd with gold.

7. To furnish with branches or branching horns. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > fornication, adultery, or incest > [verb (transitive)] > defile by adultery > dishonour husband by adultery

byhorec1440

hornc1550

behorn1574

Actaeon1582

to make to wear the stag's crest1591

cornute1597

adhorn1605

hornify1607

tup1608

capricornify1611

cornify1611

cuckolda1616

Vulcan1624

wittol1624

branch1633

shoehorn1638

capricorn1665

cuckoldize1682

to liquor (a person's) bootsa1704

ram-head1713

1633 J. Ford Broken Heart ii. i. sig. C4 The City housewiues..Cull, kisse, and cry Sweet hart, and stroake the head Which they haue branch'd.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2020).

单词	branch
释义	branchn. Brit. /brɑːn(t)ʃ/, /bran(t)ʃ/, U.S. /bræn(t)ʃ/ Forms: Middle English bransch, Middle English–1500s brance, Middle English bronch, Middle English–1500s braunche, Middle English–1600s branche, braunch, Middle English brawnche, Middle English– branch. Etymology: < French branche branch < late Latin branca paw of an animal. I. A material offshoot. 1. A portion or limb of a tree or other plant growing out of the stem or trunk, or out of one of the boughs; in a more specific sense, a branch is understood to be smaller than a bough and larger than a shoot or spray. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > [noun] > bough or branch boughc1000 limbOE brancha1300 trainc1390 grain1513 palm1559 arm1579 stem1584 lug-pole1773 hag wood1804 hag1808 tree branch1851 rame1858 a1300 Cursor Mundi 1321 He.. sau..a mekil tre, Wid branchis fele of barc al bare. c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 2681 Sche quakyth As doth the braunche that sepherus shakyth. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 487 A bronch of olyue. c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 29 As the sprai cometh out of the braunche, the braunche out of the bouȝ. 1552 Abp. J. Hamilton Catech. i. xvi. f. 46^v A stark brance of ane Aik tre. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vii. 433 From Branch to Branch the smaller Birds with song Solac'd the Woods. View more context for this quotation 1709 A. Pope Autumn in Poet. Misc.: 6th Pt. 743 Now Golden Fruits on loaded Branches shine. 1873 J. Morley Rousseau I. 169 To construct hovels of branches and clay. 2. transferred. a. Anything analogous to a limb of a tree, in being a lateral extension or subdivision of a main trunk; e.g. of a mountain range, a river, a road or railway, an artery or vein, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > arm or branch branch1297 arma1398 bracec1400 ramification1653 divarication1664 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. 152 Þe oþer hadde sene branches..And toward þe Yrische see..þei drowe. 1603 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Hist. Descr. Worlde 221 Therein are saide to be three and twenty braunches of the mount Atlas. 1696 W. Whiston New Theory of Earth ii. 104 Tho' the particular place..be now under Water, and a Branch or Bay of the great Ocean. 1787 G. Winter New Syst. Husbandry 99 The branches, or smaller drains are from twenty to forty, or fifty feet a-part. 1791 Act 31 Geo. III c. 65 (Preamble) To make and maintain One other Rail or Waggon Way, or Stone Road, with Branches therefrom. 1828 R. Knox tr. H. Cloquet Syst. Human Anat. 640 From the aorta therefore arise secondary trunks, branches, twigs and ramuscules in great number. 1831 in Notes & Queries (1868) II. 102/1 The railroad is not supposed to answer vastly well, but they are making a branch to Warrington. 1863 A. P. Stanley Lect. Jewish Church I. xiv. 323 The vast army fled, far through the eastern branch of the plain. 1869 C. Boutell tr. J. P. Lacombe Arms & Armour ix. 173 From these guards curved branches proceed..to the pommel. 1878 F. S. Williams Midland Railway (ed. 4) 359 It is a branch of the Great Northern. b. U.S. spec. A small stream or brook. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > stream > [noun] > brook or brooklet brookc888 ritheeOE burnc1000 bournc1390 becka1400 brooketa1552 gill1635 stell1651 branch1663 turlough1686 brooklet1813 nant1923 1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia ii. 23 Here doth the river divide it selfe into 3 or 4 convenient branches.] 1663 in North Carolina Col. Rec. (1886) I. 20 That Parcell of land..Beginning at a small creek or Branch. 1674 in Maryland Hist. Mag. (1906) 1 10 Running north and by east fifty perches to a bounded oak by a small branch. 1699 Cal. Virginia State Papers I. 64 We came to a broad Branch of about fifty or sixty yards wide. 1786 G. Washington Diaries III. 9 Found a Fox in the Branch within Mr. Thomson Mason's Field. 1796 B. Hawkins Lett. 25 I came to a branch covered with reeds. 1817 S. R. Brown Western Gazetteer 12 Cane on the creeks and reed on branches. 1832 J. Hall Legends of West (1833) 27 He proceeded cautiously towards a rivulet, or in the vernacular of the country, a branch, that meandered along the foot of the hill. 1835 W. Irving Tour on Prairies 188 Most of the ‘branches’, or streams, were dried up. 1835 W. Irving Tour on Prairies 307 In ‘branch’ or brook water. 1872 E. Eggleston Hoosier School-master xxviii. 187 It was just by the brook, or as they say in Indiana, the ‘branch’. 1887 ‘C. E. Craddock’ Keedon Bluffs 109 He was the first fellow to fall into the briars and to flounder into the branch. 1917 C. Mathewson Second Base Sloan v. 67 An' there's a branch close by it too, mighty nice tastin water, Mas Wayne. c. One of the subdivisions of a deer's horn; a ‘start,’ antler, or shoot; transferred a horn anciently worn as part of a woman's head-dress. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > male > [noun] > body and parts > antler > branch antlera1398 startc1400 tinec1480 branch1484 advancer1486 knag1578 speer1607 spire1607 snag1673 tang1688 point1780 1486 Bk. St. Albans E. iiij Too braunchis first pawmyd he most haue. 1598 J. Manwood Treat. Lawes Forrest iv. f. 28 In a Buck they say [of the antlers], Bur, Beame, Braunch, Aduauncers, Palme, and Spellers. 1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια, sive Panzoologicomineralogia 108 The horns are only on the Males, and have 6 or 7 branches. 1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess Concl. 163 A shout arose again, and..shook the branches of the deer. 1484 W. Caxton tr. G. de la Tour-Landry Bk. Knight of Tower (1971) xlviii. 70 Many of them caste awey their braunches and hornes. d. One of the arms of a candelabrum or chandelier. Hence †A chandelier, esp. of the kind used in churches. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > candle > support or holder for a candle > [noun] > candelabrum branch1525 principal1548 candle-branch1599 lustre1682 chandelier1736 pharos1806 candelabrum1815 cluster-candlestick1859 lampadary1885 the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > candle > support or holder for a candle > [noun] > candelabrum > parts of shafta1425 branch1525 1476 Will (Somerset Ho.) Ad sustentacionem luminis beate marie virginis vocati le Branche.] 1525 Churchwardens' Accts. St. Dunstan's, Canterb. Taperys that where sparyd of the braunche before the Rode. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Candlestycke called a braunche. Candlestycke with thre braunches or lightes. 1665 J. Davies tr. A. de Castillo Solórzano La Picara iv. 234 A Branch, of Crystal, wherein were many wax-candles. 1794 G. Adams Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. III. xxix. 202 You may find how long a branch is which hangs down from the roof of a church. e. poetic. The human arm (or hand). rare. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > limb > arm > [noun] armeOE brawna1382 hand?a1425 branch1594 bridle arm1622 shield-arm1640 smiter1673 sword-arm1687 fin1785 pistol arm1800 spade-arm1804 pinion1848 liver wing1855 bow-arm1860 meathook1919 gun1973 1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus ii. iv. 18 What sterne vngentle hands, Hath..made thy body bare, Of her two branches . View more context for this quotation †3. A branch-like figured pattern in embroidery or ornamental work: cf. branch v. 6, branched adj. 2b. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [noun] > embroidery or ornamental sewing > designs or patterns imagerya1393 imagery work1500 roundel1546 essefirme1600 branch1606 rundlet1672 veining1814 tracery1827 crow's foot1830 Berlin pattern1841 Venetian bar1882 wheatear1882 wheel1903 1606 H. Peacham Art of Drawing 35 In diapering..maintaining one branche or the same work throughout. †4. A definite complex structure or form, as the characteristic form of man or any animal. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > [noun] > a particular fashionc1325 branch1668 1668 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anat. (new ed.) i. xxviii. 68 The Particles of the Seed..agitated only by the Heat of the womb..fall into the Branch of a Livewight. 1668 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anat. (new ed.) i. xxviii. 68 The Divine Shape of..Man is alwaies one and the same..How could that Branch be formed without the Mind? II. Figurative applications suggested by the relation of a branch to the tree. 5. Connected with the notion of a ‘genealogical tree’. a. One of the portions into which a family or race is divided according to the differing lines of descent from the common ancestor; hence a division of a nation, or of a ‘family’ in any figurative sense, such as that of a group in scientific classification. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinship group > stock, race, or family > [noun] > branch brancha1400 stem1610 stirps1681 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 5657 Þat branch [Vesp. brance] of kin cald iuus was, þat cam of iacob sonis iudas. c1571 E. Campion Two Bks. Hist. Ireland (1963) i. viii. 30 Cast out by the collaterall branches of Cham. 1793 E. Burke Corr. (1844) IV. 135 I do not flatter myself, that the English branch of the Jacobin family is a jot better than the French. 1839 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) I. 147 They are Minyans; a branch of the Greek nation. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. 219 Both the branches of the great House of Austria sprang to arms. †b. A child, descendant; cf. scion n. 2b. Obsolete except in humorous use; (quot. 1807 contains an allusion to Psalm cxxviii. 3). Cf. olive branch n. 2. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > descendant > [noun] sonOE lineage1303 rootc1330 impinga1340 after-comera1382 nephewa1387 impc1412 descentc1475 branch1535 descendant1569 stirp1574 scion1591 sprig1591 slip1594 sprout?1611 posterior1889 ancestor1920 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Jer. xxiii. 5 I wil rayse vp the rightuous braunch of Dauid. 1577 R. Stanyhurst Treat. Descr. Irelande i. f. 3^v/2, in R. Holinshed Chron. I Bastolenus a braunche of Iaphet..brought thither the same kinde of speache. 1605 W. Camden Remaines i. 93 Robert the sonne of Maldred, a braunch of an olde English familie. 1753 Watts Coronat. Day xiii. 49 in Poet. Wks. (1782) VII. 150 Mark that young branch [Note Prince William] of rising fame. 1791 J. Boswell Life Johnson anno 1712 I. 13 Of which [family] the poet was a branch. 1807 G. Crabbe Parish Reg. i, in Poems 52 Now of that Vine he would no more increase, Those playful branches now disturb his peace. c. In devotional literature applied to Christ, with allusion to Isaiah xi. 1, Zechariah iii. 8, vi. 12, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > the Trinity > the Son or Christ > [noun] > according to other attributes horn of salvation (health)c825 fatherOE sun of righteousnessOE priestc1175 leecha1200 vinec1315 apostlec1382 amenc1384 shepherdc1384 the Wisdom of the Father1402 high priest1526 pelican1526 mediatora1530 reconcilerc1531 branch1535 morning star1535 surety1535 vicar1651 arch-shepherd1656 hierarch1855 particularity1930 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Zech. vi. 12 Beholde, the man whose name is the braunche. 1719 I. Watts Hymns i. l. ii He [God] makes the Branch of promise grow. 1831 Wesley's Hymns Supp. No. 650 Branch of Jesse's stem, arise. 6. a. With express or implied reference to a metaphorical tree, root, or stock: One of the consequences deducible from a general principle; one of the effects resulting from a cause.See also root and branch n. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > causation > effect, result, or consequence > [noun] proofc1330 worka1382 workinga1382 consequentc1386 effectc1390 processa1400 consequencec1400 sequel1477 efficacea1492 operation1525 branch1526 efficacy1549 trial1559 ensuing1561 repercussion1603 success1606 productiona1610 salutation1609 succeedinga1616 pursuancea1626 spawna1631 income1635 result1638 importance1645 consequency1651 product1651 causal1652 causate1656 consectary1659 propter hoc1671 inference1673 corollary1674 resultment1683 produce1698 recussion1754 development1803 suitea1806 eventuation1813 sequent1838 sequence1853 causatum1879 sequela1883 ramification1925 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. QQviii Whiche is..y^e thirde braunche in the tree of grace. 1719 I. Watts Hymns i. lvii. v Wild and unwholesome as the root Will all the branches be. 1759 E. Burke Philos. Enq. Sublime & Beautiful (ed. 2) ii. §5. 110 This branch rises..from terror, the common stock of every thing that is sublime. b. In medieval theology, one of the subordinate classes coming under the category of any one of the seven deadly sins, or of any venial sin. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > sin > kinds of sin > [noun] brancha1300 a1300 Cursor Mundi 26363 Gastly sin [es]..lust and pride, And þair bransches þat springes wide. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 9 Þer by zome bronches þet ne byeþ naȝt dyadlich zenne. c1386 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale ⁋15 Of this roote [pride] springen general braunches; as ire, envye, accidie. 1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. xvii. 264 Ypocrisie is a braunche of pruyde. 1615 S. Hieron Dignitie of Preaching in Wks. (1620) I. 603 The raging sins of the first Table, as well as the more notorious branches of the second. 7. a. A division of a subject; a subdivision of a general concept or notion; a department of any study, pursuit, or employment; frequently in phraseological combinations, (where department may be substituted), as branch of activity, branch of industry, branch of study, etc. Also branch of the revenue, branch of the prerogative, etc. ΚΠ 1509 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure xi. xl As to the fourth part, Pronouncyacyon, I shal it shewe anone..Wyth many braunches of it. 1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice ii. ii. 59 The sisters three, and such braunches of learning. View more context for this quotation 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxvi. 141 Fidelity..a branch of naturall Justice. 1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. iii. 223 Thus fell that High Court [the star-chamber], a great Branch of the Prerogative. 1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 288. ⁋3 Indian Silks were formerly a great Branch of our Trade. 1726 J. Swift Gulliver I. i. vi. 94 Their Learning..flourished in all its Branches. 1756 C. Lucas Ess. Waters i. Pref. One branch of quackery. 1762 D. Hume Hist. Eng. (1806) V. lxvii. 109 The king's revenue lay under great debts and anticipations; those branches granted in the year 1669 and 1670 were ready to expire. 1813 J. Austen Pride & Prejudice I. iii. 25 She was..obliged to seek another branch of the subject. View more context for this quotation 1839 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece (new ed.) I. 239 The Phœnicians..introduced letters, along with other branches of knowledge. b. One of the divergent directions along which a line of thought may be followed out; a division of a complex proposition, question, argument, discussion, demand, legislative enactment, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > one of the parts into which anything is divided > of a subject or action > of a question, proposition, etc. branch1542 1542–3 Act 34 & 35 Hen. VIII v. §3 It is conteined in the..statute, within diuers articles and branches of the same. 1632 in S. R. Gardiner Rep. Cases Star Chamber & High Comm. (1886) 102 I thinke these as branches of the first charge are charged in the bill. 1680 J. Rushworth Hist. Coll.: Second Pt. II. 980 (heading) The Branch of a letter from the Arch-bishop of Canterbury to Dr. Hall..dated..the 11th of November 1639. 1680 J. Rushworth Hist. Coll.: Second Pt. II. 1347 (heading) A Branch of the Lord Digby's Speech about Episcopacy. 1696 W. Whiston New Theory of Earth iv. 377 The first Branch of this Proposition. 1783 Ainsworth's Thes. Linguæ Latinæ (new ed.) i A branch [of discourse], caput. 1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) VI. 307 The express declaration of the testator in almost every branch of his will. 8. A component portion of an organization or system, a part of a larger unity. branch of the legislature, one of the houses or chambers into which the legislative body is divided. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > incompleteness > part of whole > [noun] > constituent part or component > of a system or organization branch1696 1696 W. Whiston Disc. conc. Mosaick Hist. Creation 11 in New Theory of Earth The bare Earth..is but one Member or Branch. 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 287. ¶5 A mixt Government, consisting of three Branches. 1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. IV. 258 This branch of the legislature, which represents the people. 1847 J. Yeowell Chron. Anc. Brit. Church xiii. 150 The Roman Church was a sound and uncorrupt branch of the Catholic Church. 9. A local office of business, subordinate to the main or head office, as the ‘branch’ of a bank or other establishment. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > workplace > office > [noun] > local branch branch1817 branch-office1885 1817 Petition in Parl. Deb. 1st Ser. 215 This London Union Society..establishing branches and affiliations. 1875 W. S. Jevons Money (1878) 257 Important banks, each possessing numerous branches. III. Senses specifically relating to Trinity House. 10. The certificate held by a brother of the Trinity House; also that given by the Trinity House to pilots who have passed an examination as to their competence. Cf. branch-pilot n. at Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > seafaring life > [noun] > seamen's certificates branch1783 ticketc1900 1783 Mass. Stat. 11 July To give to each of the said pilots branches or warrants for the due execution of the duties of their respective offices. 1865 A. Esquiros Cornwall 237 He received a branch, the name given to a certificate bearing the signature of the Society. IV. In various technical senses. 11. [Chiefly after French branche.] In Architecture the rib of a Gothic vault; in Zoology (see quot. 1881); in Mechanics the beam or axle of a pump or similar machine; also, a bolt or strap with arms; in Harness-making, a pair of parallel levers passing through the ends of a curb-bit, and provided with rings or loops for the curb-chain, etc.; in Fortification, the wing of a horn- or crown-work; also, one of the boyaux of a zigzag approach. The word is also used of the metal piece on the end of a hose, to which the nozzle is screwed (also, the hose itself); and of each of the sides of a horseshoe. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > pump > [noun] > other parts of pumps pump box1422 pump-staff1422 pump-tree1617 branch1659 pump rod1731 pear-gauge1753 barometer-gauge1783 bucket-door1797 head1824 balance-bob1838 suction primer1875 cup-leather1889 airline1893 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > arch > [noun] > vaulting > rib ogive1290 rib1608 branch1793 vaulting rib1830 nook-rib1835 surface rib1835 transom-rib1835 wall-rib1835 lierne1842 cross-rib1858 formeret1872 society > armed hostility > attack > action or state of siege or blockade > [noun] > approach works > types of approach works > branch of boyau1691 branch1838 society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > earthwork or rampart > [noun] > outwork > hornwork > wing of branch1838 the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > horse-gear > [noun] > bit > parts of cannon?1561 cheek?1561 port?1561 player1566 upset mouth1566 rowel1590 mouth1607 upset1607 liberty1667 mouthpiece1728 top-roll1728 cheekpiece1864 branch1884 bit-maker1902 the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > coldness > extinguishing fire > [noun] > fire-fighting > a substance or apparatus for extinguishing > hose > parts of Siamese coupling1891 branch1897 1659 J. Leak tr. I. de Caus New Inventions Water-works 17 The said Levers shalbe also fitted to two arms or branches. 1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §38 There were two large branches fixed near the center, for taking hold of the two sides of a large upright piece of timber. 1838 Penny Cycl. XII. 296/1 The defenders of their branches could not have avoided firing upon one another. 1881 Nature 15 Sept. 463/1 Branches—The cell-bearing portions of the zoarium of Glauconome..or Synocladia. 1884 E. L. Anderson Mod. Horsemanship i. v. 18 The branches should be long or short, as the rider wishes a mild or a severe bit. 1897 Daily News 22 Nov. 7/3 Engineer Heather..ordered his men to drop their ‘branches’ and run. 1945 S. Spender Citizens in War 46 Two firemen may then have to stand for hours holding the ‘branch’..from which the water proceeds. 1959 R. Collier City that wouldn't Die viii. 132 Swing your branch to the left, son—give the Shoe Lane corner a drink. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. (In sense 1.) (a) Objective with participial adjective, verbal noun, or agent-noun. (i) branch-gatherer n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > [noun] > branch-gatherer branch-gatherer1483 1483 Cath. Angl. 41 A Brawnche gederer, frondator. (ii) branch-bearing adj. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > [adjective] > of or having branch(es) brancheda1375 branchinga1382 branchy1382 boughedc1400 branch-bearing1567 boughy1570 branch-embellished1596 embranched?1596 rameous1760 ramous1813 rameal1816 ramal1834 1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 56 Pearserthnut..is in leafe and braunch bearing like to Cicer. (b) Locative and instrum. (poetic) branch-charmed adj. ΚΠ 1820 J. Keats Hyperion: a Fragm. i, in Lamia & Other Poems 149 Tall oaks, branch-charmed by the earnest stars. branch-embellished adj. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > [adjective] > of or having branch(es) brancheda1375 branchinga1382 branchy1382 boughedc1400 branch-bearing1567 boughy1570 branch-embellished1596 embranched?1596 rameous1760 ramous1813 rameal1816 ramal1834 1596 M. Drayton Mortimeriados sig. O 4^v Notingham..Crowne of the beautious branch-embellish'd soyle. branch-rent adj. ΚΠ 1820 J. Keats Lamia ii, in Lamia & Other Poems 40 Vales deflower'd, or forest-trees branch-rent. (c) attributive (Pertaining to a branch.) (i) branch-bud n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > part of tree or woody plant > [noun] > bough or branch > spur or stump of branch or bud stubc1405 snag1577 brunt1623 skeg1625 stud1657 argot1693 spur1704 stump1707 wood-bud1763 nog1802 branch-bud1882 knee1889 knee-process1889 dard1925 1882 S. H. Vines tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. (ed. 2) 370 The deciduous branch-buds of Bryum annotinum may also be considered as organs of reproduction. (ii) branch-like adj. ΚΠ 1852 M. F. Tupper Proverb. Philos. 167 With dull malignant stare watcheth the branch-like boa. b. (In sense 2.) attributive (Having the character of a branch.) branch-line n. (of railway). ΚΠ 1846 Penny Cycl. Suppl. II. 667/2 When..in working branch lines, a carriage must be sent through for the accommodation of only two or three passengers. branch railway n. ΘΚΠ society > travel > rail travel > railway system or organization > [noun] > a railway > forming part of a system > types of branch line1825 sideline1831 stem1832 light rail1836 suburban1839 branch railway1840 main line1841 spurring1842 local line1843 trunk line1843 extension1852 feeder1855 main trunk1858 loop-line1859 loop1863 spur1878 main1886 spur line1924 1840 Act 3 & 4 Vic. xcvii. §18 Effecting communication between such railway and any..branch railway. branch-road n. ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > road > [noun] > minor road or side road lateral1578 by-road1673 vicinal way or road1677 side road1691 cross-road1719 branch-road1831 feeder1855 secondary road1903 feeder road1959 1831 Deb. Congress 1 Mar. 830 The opening of branch roads. 1842 C. Dickens Amer. Notes I. iv. 149 Except when a branch road joins the main one, there is seldom more than one track of rails. branch-root n. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > root > [noun] > rootlet, fibre, or subsidiary root string1398 by-root1578 fillet1601 taw1615 tapon1641 fibre1656 fang1664 fibril1664 rootlinga1706 lateral root1724 rootlet1783 radicle1793 radicel1819 viver1877 branch-root1884 sprangle1896 thong1927 1884 F. O. Bower & D. H. Scott tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Anat. Phanerogams & Ferns 362 Branch-roots of Dracæna reflexa..have a thoroughly typical structure. branch-vein n. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > vascular system > blood vessel > [noun] > branch branch-veinc1400 eye vein1545 surcle1578 tendron1578 propagation1615 twig1683 radicle1829 rootlet1875 radical1880 c1400 in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) I. 190 Fro ‘basylica’..A branche veyn spryngeth up ful bolde. c. (In sense 9.) branch-establishment n. branch-office n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > workplace > office > [noun] > local branch branch1817 branch-office1885 1885 Law Rep.: Chancery Div. 29 219 The company had no branch office of its own in England. C2. Special combinations. branch bank n. a branch-office of a bank, established to give banking facilities to a locality at a distance from the head-office. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > banking > [noun] > bank > other types of bank merchant bank1620 land-bank1696 private bank1696 paper bankc1720 national bank1736 bank of circulation1767 bank of deposit1767 corporate bank1780 state bank1791 branch bank1796 reserve bank1816 investment bank1824 bank of issue1831 commercial bank1838 red dog1838 wild cat1838 central bank1841 national bank1864 investment house1878 issue house1878 clearing-bank1883 issuing house1890 member bank1914 custodian1915 merchant banker1924 Swiss bank1949 development bank1950 Transcash1982 telephone bank1985 bancassurer1991 1796 Boston Directory 302 Branch Bank, State street. 1832 Chambers' Edinb. Jrnl. 23 June 162/3 The conductors of the branch banks give no loans..without consulting with their masters. 1834 J. W. Gilbart Hist. Banking 109 The establishment of branch banks may be considered as the effect of the formation of joint-stock banks. 1835 J. H. Ingraham South-West II. 165 It contains also a branch bank, court-house, gaol [etc.]. 1863 Haydn's Dict. Dates (ed. 11) 67 The branch banks of the Bank of England in the chief towns of the kingdom..have all been formed since 1828. branch-bottom n. in U.S. see quot. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > tract > [noun] > alluvial slobland1837 branch-bottom1880 wash-plain1899 1880 M. Allan-Olney New Virginians I. 82 The land being what is called branch-bottom, i.e. alluvial in character. branch-building adj. building in branches. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > by habitat > [adjective] > that builds nests nest-composing1601 pensile1791 nest-building1826 branch-building1868 1868 J. G. Wood Homes without Hands xxvii. 514 We shall take first the branch-building mammalia. Categories » branch-chuck n. Mechanics a chuck having four branches turned up at the ends, and furnished with screws. Categories » branch-coal n. a provincial name for anthracite. branch-grass n. (see quot.) ΚΠ 1838 H. Colman 1st Rep. Agric. Mass. (Mass. Agric. Surv.) 18 Branch Grass, a short reedy grass, resembling much the fox grass..branches much and from this circumstance derives its name. branch house n. an offshoot of a religious community, business firm, etc. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > workplace > office > [noun] > offshoot branch house1840 1840 K. H. Digby Mores Catholici x. i. 9 Cisteaux, the mother house of the order, [was] founded..in 1098... La Ferté was the first branch house. 1872 ‘G. Eliot’ Middlemarch III. vi. lxi. 346 There was a branch house at the west end. branch-island n. an island beside a river formed by an anabranch n. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > land mass > island > [noun] > other desert island1607 holt1611 sister isle1612 atoll1625 floating island1638 sister island1659 tropical island1769 artificial island1775 home island1806 wooden island1808 fire-isle1817 coral-island1831 thrum cap1832 branch-island1834 island-continent1872 off-island1880 hover1892 phosphate island1909 1834 J. R. Jackson in Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 4 79 Thus, such branches of a river as after separation re-unite, I would term anastomosing-branches; or, if a word might be coined, anabranches, and the islands they form, branch-islands. branch library n. a library other than the main one in an area; hence . ΘΚΠ society > communication > book > library or collection of books > library, place, or institution > [noun] > other types public library1597 lending library1708 travelling library?1727 book society1739 book club1740 circulating library1742 free library1746 county library1748 library of reference1809 reference library1821 prison library1847 branch library1862 copyright library1898 bookmobile1924 1862 E. C. Gaskell Let. 16 June (1966) 689 Would it be much trouble for you to enquire from him [sc. Mr. Mudie] whether he has any Branch-Library in Paris..? 1927 Cmd. 2868 (Publ. Libr. Rep.) 66 The branch library is the most important form of library extension. branch librarian n. ΘΚΠ society > communication > book > library or collection of books > librarian > [noun] bibliothecar1581 bibliothecary1611 library-keeper1647 librarier1667 bibliothecarian1685 librarian1713 bibliothec1859 librarianess1862 reference librarian1892 branch librarian1938 teacher-librarian1975 1938 H. A. Sharp Branch Libraries iii. 62 A superintendent of branches..is necessarily a mediary between the chief and the branch librarian. branch-pilot n. a pilot who holds a Trinity House certificate. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > one who travels by water or sea > sailor > sailors involved in specific duties or activities > [noun] > helmsman or pilot > Trinity House pilot brother1696 branch-pilot1783 1783 Mass. Stat. 11 July Every branch pilot being commissioned and qualified as aforesaid. 1864 Times 10 Dec. The first branch pilot who offered his services..was bound to be accepted. branch-point n. Mathematics a point in the complex plane at which two or more branches of a function (usually an algebraic function) of a complex variable coincide. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > geometry > point > [noun] > on a surface or plane conical point1812 umbilicus1841 stigma1863 binode1869 branch-point1878 saddle point1907 saddle1952 1878 Cayley in Proc. London Math. Soc. 9 32 There are certain points V called branch-points (Verzweigungspuncte), such that to each point V there correspond two united points..and n-2 other distinct points. 1879 Encycl. Brit. IX. 823/2 Branch-point (verzweigungspunkt). 1893 A. R. Forsyth Theory Functions Complex Variable vi. § 71. 111 All the singularities (and the branch-points, if any) lie on the discriminating circle. 1966 E. G. Phillips Topics Complex Anal. ii. 20 On traversing loop A in the positive sense, the straight pieces have no effect on f (z) since they do not contain a branch point. † branch-stand v. Obsolete ‘to make a Hawk take the Branch, or leap from Tree to Tree, till the Dog springs the Partridge’ (Phillips, 1706). ΚΠ 1858 W. Ellis Three Visits Madagascar ix. 242 At the adjacent branch station..we remained a week. branch water n. U.S. brook water. ΚΠ 1902 S. Clapin Dict. Amer. s.v. Branch-water, a Southern expression for stream-water, as distinguished from well-water. 1903 A. Adams Log of Cowboy xiii. 200 I had scarcely drunk anything in three months but branch water. branch wines n. a translation of Portuguese vinos de ramo, wines made for home consumption. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > wine > class or grade of wine > [noun] > local wine land-wine1390 vin du pays1777 branch wines1833 square gin1888 the wine of the country1888 quinta1907 vino locale1963 1833 C. Redding Hist. Mod. Wines viii. 222 The wine country of the Douro..is again subdivided..into, first, Factory wines..and secondly, Branch wines. branch-work n. ornamental figured patterns (cf. sense 3). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > pattern or design > [noun] > others popinjay1322 serpent1388 moss-work1600 flame1602 frostwork1631 damask branch1634 mascaron1664 lacework1675 swash1680 branch-work1702 escallop-shella1706 festoon work1712 ovum1728 bricking1760 rising sun1787 ram's horn1842 linen-pattern1845 linen-scroll1854 wheel-rood1862 primal1875 patch ornament1878 tree1879 wheel-cross1882 skeuomorph1889 linenfold1891 taotie1915 boteh1917 pelta1935 starburst1953 quilling1972 towel-pattern- 1702 W. J. tr. C. de Bruyn Voy. Levant ix. 32 Intermixed with Branch-works that make a glorious shew. 1832 Ld. Tennyson Palace of Art xiv, in Poems (new ed.) 73 Branchwork of costly sardonyx. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2022). branchv. Etymology: < branch n.: compare French brancher. I. intransitive. 1. To bear or put forth branches; sometimes with forth, out. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > grow or vegetate [verb (intransitive)] > spring up, grow, or branch brancha1382 ramify1576 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Ecclus. xxxix. 19 Floureth floures, as lilie; ȝyueth smel, and brauncheth in to grace. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Braunchen, or haue braunches, frondeo. a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) i. i. 24 There rooted betwixt them then such an affection, which cannot chuse but braunch now. View more context for this quotation 1759 J. Mills tr. H. L. Duhamel du Monceau Pract. Treat. Husbandry ii. i. 131 Gave the earth round these plants a good stirring, before they branched. 1882 S. H. Vines tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. (ed. 2) 478 They branch even before they reach the ground. 2. a. transferred and figurative. To throw out branches or offshoots; to separate into branches, ramify. Frequently const. from, into. Now almost always with out. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > inclination > divergence > diverge [verb (intransitive)] > ramify or branch twist1340 branch1398 ramify1576 derivea1612 sprig1658 divaricate1672 subdivide1681 ramificate1780 spray1872 divide1878 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) iii. ix. 54 The fyfthe synewe braunchyth and comyth in bowes to the Instrumentes of towchynge. 1759 E. Burke Philos. Enq. Sublime & Beautiful (ed. 2) Introd. 40 What subject does not branch out to infinity? a1853 F. W. Robertson Serm. (1872) 3rd Ser. iii. 31 It branches, therefore, into a twofold division. 1862 H. Spencer First Princ. i. v. §32. 117 Consequences..that go on branching out more widely as years progress. b. To spring out, as a branch or branches from the stem or root; to deviate from an original direction, strike off in a new path; to diverge from a central point; in modern use chiefly with adverb out, off, less frequently away. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > inclination > divergence > diverge [verb (intransitive)] > ramify or branch > branch off or out issuec1515 branchc1540 disbranch1622 to go off1728 to take off1831 outbranch1835 offset1853 rib1856 c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 8750 Beamys of bright sun, þat braunchis olofte. 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 247. ¶2 I have known a Woman branch out into a long extempore Dissertation upon the Edging of a Petticoat. 1799 Scotl. described (ed. 2) 13 Many inferior ranges, here and there, branch out from them on all sides. 1820 H. Fuseli Lect. Painting II. v. 52 If it branch not out of the subject. 1847 J. Yeowell Chron. Anc. Brit. Church xi. 112 From this point..branched most of the great roads into the interior. 1870 F. M. Müller Sci. Relig. (1873) 163 A very early concentration of speech from which these dialects branched off. 1871 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (1876) IV. xviii. 212 The Foss Way..branched off from the Eastern gate. 1884 Macmillan's Mag. Oct. 431/2 An excellent street..branches away from the quay, and leads into a vast square. †3. To spring, arise, or descend from a common stock or parentage; also, to be branched (in the same sense). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > descendant > be descended [verb (intransitive)] > from common stock or parentage branch1582 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis i. 1 That from thee Troians should branch a lineal ofspring. 1611 S. Hieron Mariage-blessing in Wks. (1620) I. Ded. sig. A ij All those young plants, which..haue branched from you both. 1631 J. Weever Anc. Funerall Monuments 544 These Butlers are branched from Sir Raph Butler. 1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre iii. xviii. 139 They were a younger house of the Waldenses, and branched from them. II. transitive. 4. To divide (anything) into branches; to spread out (anything) in the manner of branches. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > divide [verb (transitive)] > divide into branches ramify1681 branch1700 1700 W. King Transactioneer i. 10 The ends of the Twigs are branched into bunches of Flowers. 1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc i. 48 The dark yew..branch'd there its naked roots. 1864 Ld. Tennyson Aylmer's Field in Enoch Arden, etc. 62 Jewels..Sprinkled about in gold that branch'd itself Fine as ice-ferns. 5. figurative. To arrange or set out in branches. archaic. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > separation > action of dividing or divided condition > divide [verb (transitive)] > divide and arrange cast1340 distribute1553 branch1628 1628 W. Prynne Briefe Suruay Mr. Cozens 10 We branch the matter of this Booke into points of Doctrine and substance. 1673 R. Allestree Ladies Calling i. v. §32 I shall not need to branch out devotion into the several parts. 1780 J. Bentham Introd. Princ. Morals & Legisl. (1789) xviii. §56 The whole system of offences..is branched out into five classes. 1810 Monthly Rev. 62 496 If a Gothic story be branched out in the forms of the Shakspearean drama. 6. To adorn or embroider with gold or needlework representing flowers or foliage. Cf. branch n. 3. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > pattern or design > pattern [verb (transitive)] > foliage branch1590 sprig1695 foliage1836 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > pattern or design > pattern [verb (transitive)] > flowers branch1590 flower16.. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. ix. sig. V5^v The traine whereof loose far behind her strayd, Braunched with gold & perle. 1620 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Phylaster v. 58 May the moth branch their veluets. 1622 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Phylaster (new ed.) 71 Branch mee his skin in Flowers like a Sattin. 1859 Ld. Tennyson Enid in Idylls of King 34 Enid fell in longing for a dress All branch'd and flower'd with gold. 7. To furnish with branches or branching horns. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > fornication, adultery, or incest > [verb (transitive)] > defile by adultery > dishonour husband by adultery byhorec1440 hornc1550 behorn1574 Actaeon1582 to make to wear the stag's crest1591 cornute1597 adhorn1605 hornify1607 tup1608 capricornify1611 cornify1611 cuckolda1616 Vulcan1624 wittol1624 branch1633 shoehorn1638 capricorn1665 cuckoldize1682 to liquor (a person's) bootsa1704 ram-head1713 1633 J. Ford Broken Heart ii. i. sig. C4 The City housewiues..Cull, kisse, and cry Sweet hart, and stroake the head Which they haue branch'd. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2020). > see also also refers to : -branchcomb. form < n.1297v.a1382 see also
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branchn.

Compounds

branchv.

> see also