释义 |
thyadj.Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: thine adj. and pron. Etymology: Variant of thine adj. and pron. with loss of final -n , used originally before consonants except h , which ultimately became (in standard English) the usual form of the second person singular possessive adjective, before its replacement in most contexts in standard English by your adj. On the history of use of thy adj. relative to your adj. see general discussion of second person forms at thou pron. and n.1 and at you pron., adj., and n.The history of use of forms without final -n relative to the use of forms with final -n (i.e. thine adj.) closely resembles that of my adj. in relation to mine adj.: compare summary at my adj., int., and pron. The β. forms occur in Middle English chiefly after words ending in -d or -t . With the γ. forms compare γ. forms at thou pron. and n.1 and discussion at that entry. The possessive adjective corresponding to thou pron.a1225 ( Ælfric's Homily De Initio Creaturae (Vesp. A.xxii) in R. Morris (1868) 1st Ser. 225 Ic wille halden þe ennen and ti [OE Royal þin] wif and þine þreo sunes. a1225 MS Lamb. in R. Morris (1868) 1st Ser. 57 (MED) Þi nome beo iblecced. ?c1225 (?a1200) (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 79 Þi steuene is me swete & þi wlite schene. a1275 St. Margaret (Trin. Cambr.) l. 63 in A. S. M. Clark (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Michigan) (1972) 22 Yef þi wille were, þe holi gost þou me sende. c1300 (Laud Misc. 108) (1889) 27 Ȝwere beon..Þi cendels and þi riche palles? c1400 (?c1380) l. 330 Enter þis ark with þyn aþel barnez & þy wedded wyf. a1425 (c1395) (Royal) (1850) Ruth i. 16 Thi puple is my puple, and thi God is my God. a1475 Bk. Curtasye (Sloane 1986) l. 71 in (2002) i. 301 Let not þi spone stond in þy dysche. ?1504 W. Atkinson tr. Thomas à Kempis (Pynson) i. xx. sig. Bviiiv Lift vp thy iyen to heuen. 1554 D. Lindsay Dialog Experience & Courteour l. 4131 in (1931) I Perfytlie prent in yi remembrance Off this Inconstante warld the variance. c1595 Countess of Pembroke Psalme lx. 41 in (1998) II. 67 Against distressing foes Lett us thy succour finde. 1613 E. Cary i. iii. sig. B2 Thou Mongrell: issu'd from reiected race, Thy Ancestors against the Heauens did fight. 1667 J. Milton v. 153 These are thy glorious works, Parent of good. View more context for this quotation 1702 in (1870) IX. 125 Thy affairs here require a speedy hand. 1778 R. Lowth xxvi. 19 Thy dew is as the dew of the dawn. 1816 J. Wilson i. i. 124 Do not I Look, as I feel, most like thy murderer? 1859 Ld. Tennyson Enid in 19 Turn, Fortune, turn thy wheel and lower the proud. 1879 E. Waugh 76 ‘Gi' me thi hond, Billy,’ said the landlord. 1911 E. Pound 5 Guerdoned by thy sun-gold traces. 1980 717 Lord of all power and might,..graft in our hearts the love of thy name. 2000 in S. J. Charlesworth vii. 259 If tha loses thi' job, if tha like thee tha fucked, tha ca't gu t' w'k. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † thyadv.pron.Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: the pron.2 Etymology: Originally (in Old English) specific uses of the neuter instrumental case of the demonstrative pronoun se , sēo , þæt (see the adj., pron.2, and n.1). Compare thon adv., the adv.Compare in similar use the following continental West Germanic instrumental forms in combination with a preposition (compare sense B.): Old Frisian thiu , Old Saxon thiu , Old High German diu (Middle High German diu ); and forms probably instrumental in origin used with a following comparative (compare sense A. 2): Old Frisian thi , the , tho , Old High German the , thi ; as well as the Gothic particle þe (see the conj. and pron.1) attested in both uses. The origin and relationship of the Old English instrumental forms þon (see thon adv. and pron.1), þȳ , and the fossilized þē̆ (see the adv.) are uncertain and disputed; for conflicting suggestions see A. Campbell Old Eng. Gram. (1959) §709, R. M. Hogg & R. D. Fulk Gram. Old Eng. (2011) II. §5.7, D. Ringe & A. Taylor Devel. Old Eng. (2014) 389–90. Obsolete. A. adv. 1. the world > existence and causation > causation > cause or reason > [adverb] eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory (Hatton) (1871) xxviii. 193 Ðy him is micel ðearf, ðonne he tela lærð, ðæt he eac tela doo. eOE (Royal) (1865) i. xxxvi. 86 Smire mid hunige þæt þy þe raþor sio hryfing of fealle. OE (2008) 2067 Þy ic Heaðobear[d]na hyldo ne telge, dryhtsibbe dæl Denum unfæcne, freondscipe fæstne. a1200 (?OE) MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris (1873) 2nd Ser. 205 (MED) Two þing ben in þe manne: on his þat..faire kinde..þat oðer is wilfulshipe and lichamliche lustes..þi ne mai no man gode folȝen. a1225 ( Ælfric's Homily In Die Sancto Pentecosten (Lamb. 487) in R. Morris (1868) 1st Ser. 93 Þi bileafden heo heore timbrunge. c1275 (?c1250) (Calig.) (1935) 860 (MED) Ich rede þi þat men bo ȝare. a1300 Woman of Samaria l. 39 in R. Morris (1872) 85 Ich wot..Þat þu me hauest soþ iseyd..Þi of one þinge sey me iredynesse. the world > existence and causation > causation > cause or reason > [adverb] > because eOE (Parker) anno 787 On his dagum cuomon ærest iii scipu, & þa se gerefa þærto rad & hie wolde drifan to þæs cyninges tune þy he nyste hwæt hie wæron. OE (1931) 2626 Hæleðum sægde þæt Sarra his sweostor wære, Abraham wordum (bearh his aldre), þy he wiste gearwe þæt he winemaga, on folce lyt freonda hæfde. ?c1250 (?c1175) Poema Morale (Egerton) l. 378 in R. Morris (1868) 1st Ser. 183 (MED) Ne beod heore eȝe naht alle iliche brihte ði nabbed hi nouht iliche alle of godes lihte. 2. eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory (Hatton) (1871) Pref. 5 Hie..woldon ðæt her ðy mara wisdom on londe wære ðy we ma geðeoda cuðon. eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory (Hatton) (1871) xvii. 123 [Oft] sio wund bið ðæs ðe wierse & ðy mare, gif h[i]o bið unwærlice gewriðen. OE 11 Mec seo friþe mæg fedde siþþan, oþþæt ic aweox, widdor meahte siþas asettan. Heo hæfde swæsra þy læs suna ond dohtra, þy heo swa dyde. OE tr. (Vitell.) xii. 268 Wifgemanan to donne, nim drige fearres sceallan, wyrc to dust[e], oððe elcor gnid on win, & drince gelome, he bið þy gearwra [?a1200 Harl. 6258B þe ȝearra] to wifþingum. OE Cynewulf 649 Forþon ic, leof weorud, læran wille..þæt ge eower hus gefæstnige, þy læs hit ferblædum windas toweorpan. OE (1992) iii. 78 Waciaþ, for ðy, an gyrnesse, for þam ge nyton hwænne dryhten cumende bið,..þy læs, þonne he cume, he eow slæpende gemete. OE Ælfric (Royal) (1997) v. 223 Nelle we ðas race na leng teon, þy læs þe hit eow æþryt ðince. c1175 ( Homily in A. O. Belfour (1909) 56 Waciȝæð..þyȝ læs ðe he eow slæpende finde þenne he cymæð. a1225 ( Ælfric's Homily De Duodecim Abusivis (Lamb. 487) in R. Morris (1868) 1st Ser. 117 Vnderfoð steore þi les ðe [OE Corpus Cambr. 178 þe læs þe] god iwurðe wrað wið eou. B. pron.eOE tr. Bede (Tanner) i. xvi. 66 Mid þy an geleafa is & seondon missenlice gewunan ciricena, oðer gewuna is mæssesonga in þære halgan Romaniscan cirican & oðer is hæfd in Gallia rice. OE Ælfric (Cambr. Gg.3.28) i. 183 Þa ongeat se deofol þæt Adam & Eua wæron to ðy [a1225 Vesp. A.xxii toði] gesceapene, þæt hi sceoldon mid eadmodnysse..geearnian ða wununge on heofenan rice. OE tr. (1995) §29. 242 Mid þy ic þa wolde near geseon & sceawigon, ða flugon hie sona in þa wæter. OE tr. Bede (Corpus Oxf.) v. xvii. 458 Mid þy he þa gena wæs begeondan sæ wuniende, het Oswio se cynincg gehalgian to bysceope on Eoforwicceastre Ceaddan þone halgan wer. OE tr. Bede (Cambr. Univ. Libr.) i. i. 28 Mid þy Peohtas wif næfdon, bædon him fram Scottum. c1175 ( (Bodl. 343) (1894) 12 Þu ðe þa ræden sæ adruȝian læte þa we ðærofer faren scolden to ðy þæt ðu us nerian woldest. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.a1225adv.pron.eOE |