adiabaticadj.n.

Brit.

/ˌeɪdʌɪəˈbatɪk/,

/ˌadɪəˈbatɪk/, U.S.

/ˌeɪˌdaɪəˈbædɪk/,

/ˌædiəˈbædɪk/

Origin: A borrowing from Greek, combined with an English element. Etymons: Greek ἀδιάβατος , -ic suffix.

Etymology: < ancient Greek ἀδιάβατος not to be passed through ( < ἀ- a- prefix⁶ + δια- dia- prefix¹ + βατός , verbal adjective corresponding to βαίνειν to go: see basis n.) + -ic suffix. Compare isodiabatic adj.

Physics.

A. adj.

1. Of a curve or line: representing the changes in pressure and volume of a gas occurring during a process involving no transfer of heat.

ΚΠ

1859 W. J. M. Rankine Man. Steam Engine iii. iii. 302 A certain curve NN passing through A, which may be called a curve of no transmission, or adiabatic curve.

1877 R. Wormell Thermodynamics 130 If a substance can expand without gain or loss of heat, and a curve is drawn..this curve is termed an adiabatic line.

1922 R. Glazebrook Dict. Appl. Physics I. 946/2 The calculation fixes a point in the adiabatic line of the pressure-volume diagram for expansion from the initial conditions.

1975 Optics & Spectroscopy 39 610/1 We calculated the upper bound of the total adiabatic potential curve of the ground state.

2004 P. A. Tipler & G. Mosca Physics Scientists & Engineers (ed. 5) I. xviii. 582 We can find the equation for the adiabatic curve for an ideal gas by using the equation of state.

2. Of a process or condition: that is one in which heat does not enter or leave the system concerned; of or relating to such a process or condition. Also (of an enclosed space): impassable to heat.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > [adjective] > having neither loss nor gain in

adiabatic1870

the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > heat > transmission of heat > [adjective] > non-conduction

non-conducting1751

adiathermic1843

non-conductive1850

opaque1860

adiabatic1870

insulating1945

insulative1945

insulated1964

1870 Rep. Brit. Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 1869 14 Adiabatic waves; that is, waves in which there is not transfer of heat from particle to particle.

1906 Cold Storage & Ice Trade Jrnl. Nov. 29/1 Adiabatic compression, corresponding to compression in cylinder of the compressor.

1933 Flight 2 Feb. 99/2 Closed, or adiabatic, cockpits, wherein the pressure could be kept at 430 mm.

1988 J. D. Barrow & F. J. Tipler Anthropic Cosmol. Princ. (rev. ed.) vi. 368 The adiabatic expansion of the Universe could have cooled the heat radiation from the hot initial state down to a level ∼5 K or thereabouts.

2000 Science 16 June 2028/1 Excite it deterministically to the circular state in a fully adiabatic process.

B. n.

An adiabatic curve or line; = adiabat n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > geometry > curve > [noun] > used in physics

isochrona1774

tautochronea1774

catenary1788

tautochronism1814

adiabatic1871

catenarian1872

adiabat1891

1871 J. C. Maxwell Theory of Heat viii. 158 All the areas between the isothermals and the adiabatics are equal.

1928 W. N. Shaw Man. Metereol. II. p. xx The word ‘adiabatic’ is also used as an abbreviation for adiabatic curve.

1967 E. U. Condon & H. Odishaw Handbk. Physics (ed. 2) iii. ii. 24/1 This Hugoniot adiabatic is shown in Fig. 2.5 in comparison with the usual isentropic adiabatic.

2007 M. Kardar Statist. Physics Particles i. 11 In one of the problems provided at the end of this chapter, you will construct adiabatics for any E(T).

Compounds

adiabatic lapse rate n. Atmospheric Physics the rate at which atmospheric temperature decreases with increasing altitude in conditions of thermal equilibrium; (also) a lapse rate characteristic of such conditions; cf. lapse rate n. at lapse n. Compounds.

ΚΠ

1919 Q. Jrnl. Royal Meteorol. Soc. 45 319 If the air outside is perfectly dry and has an adiabatic lapse rate as far as the stratosphere the maximum possible instability will exist.

1952 J. A. Steers et al. Lake's Physical Geogr. (ed. 3) i. vi. 70 For unstable equilibrium the gradient is greater than the normal; for stable equilibrium it is less. It is now more common to describe this normal gradient as the adiabatic lapse-rate.

1968 Bot. Gaz. 129 21/1 The usual adiabatic lapse rate of 1 C/100 m.

2003 E. A. Moore in N. McBride & I. Gilmour Introd. Solar Syst. (2004) v. 175 On Venus the adiabatic lapse rate is higher than on the Earth (the temperature drops more quickly with altitude).

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	adiabatic
释义	adiabaticadj.n. Brit. /ˌeɪdʌɪəˈbatɪk/, /ˌadɪəˈbatɪk/, U.S. /ˌeɪˌdaɪəˈbædɪk/, /ˌædiəˈbædɪk/ Origin: A borrowing from Greek, combined with an English element. Etymons: Greek ἀδιάβατος , -ic suffix. Etymology: < ancient Greek ἀδιάβατος not to be passed through ( < ἀ- a- prefix⁶ + δια- dia- prefix¹ + βατός , verbal adjective corresponding to βαίνειν to go: see basis n.) + -ic suffix. Compare isodiabatic adj. Physics. A. adj. 1. Of a curve or line: representing the changes in pressure and volume of a gas occurring during a process involving no transfer of heat. ΚΠ 1859 W. J. M. Rankine Man. Steam Engine iii. iii. 302 A certain curve NN passing through A, which may be called a curve of no transmission, or adiabatic curve. 1877 R. Wormell Thermodynamics 130 If a substance can expand without gain or loss of heat, and a curve is drawn..this curve is termed an adiabatic line. 1922 R. Glazebrook Dict. Appl. Physics I. 946/2 The calculation fixes a point in the adiabatic line of the pressure-volume diagram for expansion from the initial conditions. 1975 Optics & Spectroscopy 39 610/1 We calculated the upper bound of the total adiabatic potential curve of the ground state. 2004 P. A. Tipler & G. Mosca Physics Scientists & Engineers (ed. 5) I. xviii. 582 We can find the equation for the adiabatic curve for an ideal gas by using the equation of state. 2. Of a process or condition: that is one in which heat does not enter or leave the system concerned; of or relating to such a process or condition. Also (of an enclosed space): impassable to heat. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > [adjective] > having neither loss nor gain in adiabatic1870 the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > heat > transmission of heat > [adjective] > non-conduction non-conducting1751 adiathermic1843 non-conductive1850 opaque1860 adiabatic1870 insulating1945 insulative1945 insulated1964 1870 Rep. Brit. Assoc. Advancem. Sci. 1869 14 Adiabatic waves; that is, waves in which there is not transfer of heat from particle to particle. 1906 Cold Storage & Ice Trade Jrnl. Nov. 29/1 Adiabatic compression, corresponding to compression in cylinder of the compressor. 1933 Flight 2 Feb. 99/2 Closed, or adiabatic, cockpits, wherein the pressure could be kept at 430 mm. 1988 J. D. Barrow & F. J. Tipler Anthropic Cosmol. Princ. (rev. ed.) vi. 368 The adiabatic expansion of the Universe could have cooled the heat radiation from the hot initial state down to a level ∼5 K or thereabouts. 2000 Science 16 June 2028/1 Excite it deterministically to the circular state in a fully adiabatic process. B. n. An adiabatic curve or line; = adiabat n. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > geometry > curve > [noun] > used in physics isochrona1774 tautochronea1774 catenary1788 tautochronism1814 adiabatic1871 catenarian1872 adiabat1891 1871 J. C. Maxwell Theory of Heat viii. 158 All the areas between the isothermals and the adiabatics are equal. 1928 W. N. Shaw Man. Metereol. II. p. xx The word ‘adiabatic’ is also used as an abbreviation for adiabatic curve. 1967 E. U. Condon & H. Odishaw Handbk. Physics (ed. 2) iii. ii. 24/1 This Hugoniot adiabatic is shown in Fig. 2.5 in comparison with the usual isentropic adiabatic. 2007 M. Kardar Statist. Physics Particles i. 11 In one of the problems provided at the end of this chapter, you will construct adiabatics for any E(T). Compounds adiabatic lapse rate n. Atmospheric Physics the rate at which atmospheric temperature decreases with increasing altitude in conditions of thermal equilibrium; (also) a lapse rate characteristic of such conditions; cf. lapse rate n. at lapse n. Compounds. ΚΠ 1919 Q. Jrnl. Royal Meteorol. Soc. 45 319 If the air outside is perfectly dry and has an adiabatic lapse rate as far as the stratosphere the maximum possible instability will exist. 1952 J. A. Steers et al. Lake's Physical Geogr. (ed. 3) i. vi. 70 For unstable equilibrium the gradient is greater than the normal; for stable equilibrium it is less. It is now more common to describe this normal gradient as the adiabatic lapse-rate. 1968 Bot. Gaz. 129 21/1 The usual adiabatic lapse rate of 1 C/100 m. 2003 E. A. Moore in N. McBride & I. Gilmour Introd. Solar Syst. (2004) v. 175 On Venus the adiabatic lapse rate is higher than on the Earth (the temperature drops more quickly with altitude). This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.n.1859
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