adiaphorousadj.

Brit.

/ˌadɪˈafərəs/, U.S.

/ˌædaɪˈæfərəs/

Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Or (ii) a borrowing from Greek, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin adiaphorus , -ous suffix; Greek ἀδιάϕορος , -ous suffix.

Etymology: < (i) post-classical Latin adiaphorus (in prosody, of syllables) optionally short or long, of variable quantity (8th cent. in British sources; also in Latin grammarians of uncertain date), (in philosophical or religious context) indifferent (1524 or earlier), (of a medicinal agent) neither harmful nor beneficial (1608 in the passage translated in quot. 1657 at sense 2), or its etymon (ii) ancient Greek ἀδιάϕορος not different, (in Stoic philosophy) indifferent, neither good nor bad, in Hellenistic Greek also (in prosody, of syllables) optionally short or long, of variable quantity ( < ἀ- a- prefix⁶ + διάϕορος different: see diaphoric adj.) + -ous suffix. Compare German adiaphorisch (1553 or earlier), French adiaphore (1556 or earlier). Compare earlier adiaphoral adj.Compare the following slightly earlier borrowing of the ancient Greek adjective in its dative plural form ἀδιαϕόροις:1606 T. Bell Regiment of Church vii. 56 The Church may make decrees, Lawes, ordinances, and constitutions, in all things Adiaphorois which are of their own nature indifferent.

1. Neutral, impartial; indifferent to; peripheral, irrelevant; spec. of or relating to adiaphora or religious issues not considered to be central to a particular faith (see adiaphoron n.); governed or guided by what is considered adiaphora.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > creed > [adjective] > indifferent

adiaphoron1570

adiaphoral1586

adiaphorist1605

adiaphorous1615

adiaphoristic1765

the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [adjective] > unessential > in the eyes of the church

adiaphoron1570

adiaphoral1586

adiaphorous1615

1615 T. Worthington Whyte dyed Black ii. vii. 105 Dissentions among the protestantes are not merely personall, or but pointes adiaphorous, indifferent.

1624 F. White Repl. Fisher 302 The signe of the Crosse in Baptisme, is an antient ceremonie, but yet adiaphorous, and therefore expresse Scripture is not necessarie to warrant the use of it.

1647 Bp. J. Taylor Θεολογία Ἐκλεκτική Ep. Ded. 7 Matters adiaphorous, as meats and drinks and holy dayes.

1704 P. Paxton Disc. Trade 43 There are other sort of Laws of Prohibition, that seem adiaphorous, being of neither Hurt nor Profit to the Nation.

1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man i. ii. §1. 116 The Sensations [sc. the tangible Qualities of Bodies] are for the most part, adiaphorous ones.

1763 Disc. Freedom of Thinking in Relig. v. 120 Why does the church of Rome charge..others..for leaving off..ceremonies which, by her own practice we are taught to have no obligation in them, but to be adiaphorous?

1804 S. A. Hook Secret Machinations II. v. 199 Friendship like mine, in this business, will not suffer me to be adiaphorous.

1856 Western Lit. Messenger Mar. 8/2 It is, I think, a redeeming quality in my character, and can not be sufficiently admired by the adiaphorous community.

1906 C. T. Brady True Andrew Jackson viii. 156 Your truly great are rarely adiaphorous to the opposite sex.

1953 Amer. Econ. Rev. 43 255 There was nothing adiaphorous in the medieval world and everybody was assigned a fixed place in a strictly hierarchical organization.

1993 R. H. Balmer & J. R. Fitzmier Presbyterians i. i. 7 To make the sovereignty of God adiaphorous, a thing to be believed or not believed as one saw fit, was to slight God and endanger one's soul.

†2. Of a medicinal agent: neither harmful nor beneficial. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1657 R. Tomlinson tr. J. de Renou Medicinal Materials i, in Medicinal Dispensatory sig. Gg^v Wine therefore is adiaphorous [L. adiaphorum] and indifferent, good or evil, as its use is good or evil.

1881 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Adiaphorous, indifferent; inert. A term applied synonymously with neutral, to medicines which do neither good nor harm; also to neutral salts.

3. Chemistry. In the terminology of Robert Boyle: chemically neutral; unreactive. Chiefly in adiaphorous spirit n. crude methanol distilled from wood, wood spirit. Now historical and rare.In quot. 1674, perhaps with overtones of sense 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemical properties > [adjective] > neutral

adiaphorous1674

neutral1680

1674 R. Boyle Excellency Theol. i. 51 And the Corpusculariùm or Mechanical Philosophy, strives to deduce all the Phœnomena of Nature from Adiaphorous Matter, and Local Motion.

1684 R. Boyle Mem. Nat. Hist. Humane Blood 111 Woods and many other Bodies afford by Distillation a Liquor that is not an Oyl, and is neither Acid nor Alcalisate, and yet is no true Phlegm, but as I have there styled it, an Adiaphorous Spirit.

a1691 R. Boyle Wks. (1772) I. 616 Our adiaphorous spirit may be obtained, by distilling the liquor that is afforded by wood and divers other bodies.

1881 H. E. Roscoe & C. Schorlemmer Treat. Chem. III. i. 194 In particular he states that the volatile product obtained by the dry distillation of wood is not a simple body, but that it consists of an acid-, or acetous-, and an indifferent or an adiaphorous..spirit, which latter he showed to be inflammable.

1939 I. Mellan Industr. Solvents x. 200 Boyle in 1661 was the first to obtain it in a crude state from the distillation of hardwood and he named it adiaphorous spirit.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	adiaphorous
释义	adiaphorousadj. Brit. /ˌadɪˈafərəs/, U.S. /ˌædaɪˈæfərəs/ Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Or (ii) a borrowing from Greek, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin adiaphorus , -ous suffix; Greek ἀδιάϕορος , -ous suffix. Etymology: < (i) post-classical Latin adiaphorus (in prosody, of syllables) optionally short or long, of variable quantity (8th cent. in British sources; also in Latin grammarians of uncertain date), (in philosophical or religious context) indifferent (1524 or earlier), (of a medicinal agent) neither harmful nor beneficial (1608 in the passage translated in quot. 1657 at sense 2), or its etymon (ii) ancient Greek ἀδιάϕορος not different, (in Stoic philosophy) indifferent, neither good nor bad, in Hellenistic Greek also (in prosody, of syllables) optionally short or long, of variable quantity ( < ἀ- a- prefix⁶ + διάϕορος different: see diaphoric adj.) + -ous suffix. Compare German adiaphorisch (1553 or earlier), French adiaphore (1556 or earlier). Compare earlier adiaphoral adj.Compare the following slightly earlier borrowing of the ancient Greek adjective in its dative plural form ἀδιαϕόροις:1606 T. Bell Regiment of Church vii. 56 The Church may make decrees, Lawes, ordinances, and constitutions, in all things Adiaphorois which are of their own nature indifferent. 1. Neutral, impartial; indifferent to; peripheral, irrelevant; spec. of or relating to adiaphora or religious issues not considered to be central to a particular faith (see adiaphoron n.); governed or guided by what is considered adiaphora. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > creed > [adjective] > indifferent adiaphoron1570 adiaphoral1586 adiaphorist1605 adiaphorous1615 adiaphoristic1765 the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [adjective] > unessential > in the eyes of the church adiaphoron1570 adiaphoral1586 adiaphorous1615 1615 T. Worthington Whyte dyed Black ii. vii. 105 Dissentions among the protestantes are not merely personall, or but pointes adiaphorous, indifferent. 1624 F. White Repl. Fisher 302 The signe of the Crosse in Baptisme, is an antient ceremonie, but yet adiaphorous, and therefore expresse Scripture is not necessarie to warrant the use of it. 1647 Bp. J. Taylor Θεολογία Ἐκλεκτική Ep. Ded. 7 Matters adiaphorous, as meats and drinks and holy dayes. 1704 P. Paxton Disc. Trade 43 There are other sort of Laws of Prohibition, that seem adiaphorous, being of neither Hurt nor Profit to the Nation. 1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man i. ii. §1. 116 The Sensations [sc. the tangible Qualities of Bodies] are for the most part, adiaphorous ones. 1763 Disc. Freedom of Thinking in Relig. v. 120 Why does the church of Rome charge..others..for leaving off..ceremonies which, by her own practice we are taught to have no obligation in them, but to be adiaphorous? 1804 S. A. Hook Secret Machinations II. v. 199 Friendship like mine, in this business, will not suffer me to be adiaphorous. 1856 Western Lit. Messenger Mar. 8/2 It is, I think, a redeeming quality in my character, and can not be sufficiently admired by the adiaphorous community. 1906 C. T. Brady True Andrew Jackson viii. 156 Your truly great are rarely adiaphorous to the opposite sex. 1953 Amer. Econ. Rev. 43 255 There was nothing adiaphorous in the medieval world and everybody was assigned a fixed place in a strictly hierarchical organization. 1993 R. H. Balmer & J. R. Fitzmier Presbyterians i. i. 7 To make the sovereignty of God adiaphorous, a thing to be believed or not believed as one saw fit, was to slight God and endanger one's soul. †2. Of a medicinal agent: neither harmful nor beneficial. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1657 R. Tomlinson tr. J. de Renou Medicinal Materials i, in Medicinal Dispensatory sig. Gg^v Wine therefore is adiaphorous [L. adiaphorum] and indifferent, good or evil, as its use is good or evil. 1881 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Adiaphorous, indifferent; inert. A term applied synonymously with neutral, to medicines which do neither good nor harm; also to neutral salts. 3. Chemistry. In the terminology of Robert Boyle: chemically neutral; unreactive. Chiefly in adiaphorous spirit n. crude methanol distilled from wood, wood spirit. Now historical and rare.In quot. 1674, perhaps with overtones of sense 1. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical properties > [adjective] > neutral adiaphorous1674 neutral1680 1674 R. Boyle Excellency Theol. i. 51 And the Corpusculariùm or Mechanical Philosophy, strives to deduce all the Phœnomena of Nature from Adiaphorous Matter, and Local Motion. 1684 R. Boyle Mem. Nat. Hist. Humane Blood 111 Woods and many other Bodies afford by Distillation a Liquor that is not an Oyl, and is neither Acid nor Alcalisate, and yet is no true Phlegm, but as I have there styled it, an Adiaphorous Spirit. a1691 R. Boyle Wks. (1772) I. 616 Our adiaphorous spirit may be obtained, by distilling the liquor that is afforded by wood and divers other bodies. 1881 H. E. Roscoe & C. Schorlemmer Treat. Chem. III. i. 194 In particular he states that the volatile product obtained by the dry distillation of wood is not a simple body, but that it consists of an acid-, or acetous-, and an indifferent or an adiaphorous..spirit, which latter he showed to be inflammable. 1939 I. Mellan Industr. Solvents x. 200 Boyle in 1661 was the first to obtain it in a crude state from the distillation of hardwood and he named it adiaphorous spirit. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < adj.1615
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