bowern.¹

Brit.

/ˈbaʊə/,

/baʊə/, U.S.

/ˈbaʊ(ə)r/

Forms: Old English búr, Middle English bur, Middle English bure, Middle English–1500s bour, Middle English–1600s boure, bowr, Middle English bor, Middle English–1600s bowre, Middle English bowur, 1500s boire, 1800s ( bowre), dialect boor, Middle English– bower.

Etymology: Old English búr dwelling, etc., corresponding to Old Saxon bûr neuter, Old High German búr (masculine) (Middle High German búr , modern German bauer bird-cage), Low German buur , bur (masculine), Old Norse búr (Swedish bur , Danish buur ) < Germanic *bûro(m < Aryan bhūrom , < bhu , in Germanic bū- to dwell. Hence neighbour n. and adj. (Old English néah-gebúr ) and boor n.

a. A dwelling, habitation, abode. In early use literal. A cottage; in later use a poetical word for ‘abode’.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > [noun]

resteOE

worthineeOE

settlea900

wickc900

houseOE

erdinga1000

teld-stedec1000

wonningc1000

innOE

bewistc1200

setnessc1200

wanea1225

i-holda1250

wonec1275

wunselec1275

wonning-place1303

bigginga1325

wonning-stede1338

tabernaclea1340

siegec1374

dwelling-placec1380

lodgingc1380

seea1382

tabernaclea1382

habitationc1384

mansionc1385

arresta1400

bowerc1400

wonning-wanec1400

lengingc1420

tenementc1425

tentc1430

abiding placea1450

mansion place1473

domicile1477

lendingc1480

inhabitance1482

biding-place?1520

seat1535

abode1549

remainingc1550

soil1555

household1585

mansion-seata1586

residing1587

habitance1590

fixation1614

situation?1615

commoratorya1641

haft1785

location1795

fanea1839

inhabitancy1853

habitat1854

occupancy1864

nivas1914

downsetting1927

OE Beowulf (Z.) 2455 On his suna bure.

a1000 Chart. Eadrea in Cod. Dipl. V. 336 To ðen hagan; andlang hagan bur.

c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 963 Bryng me to þat bygly bylde, & let me se þy blysful bor.

1568 U. Fulwell Like wil to Like sig. E.iiii Of all iniquitie thou art the bowre.

1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Sept. 97 The blacke bowre of sorrowe [gloss. hell].

1581 J. Studley tr. Seneca Hippolytus v, in T. Newton et al. tr. Seneca 10 Trag. f. 75 The whilst the fire shall burne These bones, set ope his buriall bower.

1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 281. ¶11 Our Historians describe the Apartments of Rosamond's Bower.

1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake i. 15 The primrose pale, and violet flower, Found in each clift a narrow bower.

b. esp. a vague poetic word for an idealized abode, not realized in any actual dwelling.

ΚΠ

1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets cxxvii. sig. H3 Sweet beauty hath no name no holy boure .

1644 J. Milton Areopagitica 13 The bowr of earthly blisse.

1770 O. Goldsmith Deserted Village 5 Dear lovely bowers of innocence and ease.

1782 W. Cowper Hope in Poems 149 Plucks amaranthin joys from bow'rs of bliss.

1858 J. M. Neale tr. Rhythm of Bernard de Morlaix 34 O! princely bow'rs, O land of flow'rs.

c. A fancy rustic cottage or country residence.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > a house > types of house > [noun] > villa or country house > small

box1696

country box1722

villakin1730

cottage orné1774

villarette1792

ranch1807

bower1810

ranch house1859

villino?1863

dacha1896

1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake i. 19 In that soft vale, a lady's bower.

1862 Athenæum 30 Aug. 270 Miss Helen Campbell..gave an entertainment in his honour, at her bower in the Clachan Glen.

†d. A covered stall or booth at a fair. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > trading place > stall or booth > [noun]

shopOE

boothc1175

cheaping-boothc1175

stall1377

standinga1387

crame1477

bower1506

stand1551

loge1749

market stall1827

kiosk1865

joint1927

1506 in J. L. Glasscock Rec. St. Michael's, Bishop's Stortford (1882) 31 Rec. on michelmas day for stonding of bowers w^tn th chirchyerde ixd.

a. An inner apartment, esp. as distinguished from the ‘hall’, or large public room, in ancient mansions; hence, a chamber, a bed-room.‘Still in north. dial.; in literature only archaic and poetic.’ ( N.E.D.)

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > room > types of room generally > [noun] > private or inner room

bowerc1000

chamber?c1225

privy chambera1382

closeta1387

closera1400

conclavea1400

wardrobea1400

cell?1440

garderobe?c1450

retreatc1500

parlour1561

cabinet1565

cabin1594

in-room?1615

recamera1622

sanctum sanctorum1707

adytum1800

snuggery1812

sulking-room1816

sanctum1819

anderoon1840

inner sanctum1843

thalamus1850

growlery1853

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > room > room by type of use > [noun] > bedroom

clevec825

bedchamberc1390

wardrobea1400

kuchiez kotec1400

garderobe?c1450

cubicle1483

pallet chambera1535

bed-place1566

kitchen chamber1573

bedroom1600

cubiculoa1616

lodginga1616

lodging-room1615

bower1674

ruelle1676

lodging-chambera1684

common chamber1684

sleeping-room1699

hall-bedroom1738

berth1806

bunk-room1855

bed-house1881

cubicule1887

bedder1897

bed1926

sleeping-platform1935

roomette1937

single1963

maid-room1992

c1000 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 124 Cubiculum, bedcofa vel bur.

c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 139 He..ches þere crundel to halle · and eorðhole to bure.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 14581 Þer-inne he bulde ænne bur.

c1386 G. Chaucer Nun's Priest's Tale 12 Fful sooty was hir bour and eek hire halle.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 3921 A godd had laban in his bure.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 46 Bowre, chambyr, thalamus, conclave.

c1450 Urbanitatis (Calig. A.ii) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 13 In halle, yn bowre, or at þe borde.

1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 616 Euerilk office, baith in hall and bour.

1595 E. Spenser Astrophel in Colin Clouts come Home Againe sig. E4^v Merily masking both in bowre and hall.

1674 J. Ray N. Countrey Words in Coll. Eng. Words 7 Boor, the Parlour, Bedchamber or inner room. Cumb.

1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles iii. vi. 90 Now torch and menial tendance led Chieftain and knight to bower and bed.

1851 Gloss. Provinc. Words Cumberland Boor, the inner room.

1868 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest II. ix. 357 His sons..carried him to the king's own bower.

b. Especially applied to a lady's private apartment; a boudoir. Now only poetic.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > room > types of room generally > [noun] > private or inner room > of a lady

bowerOE

boudoir1781

OE Genesis 2388 On bure ahof bryd Abrahames hihtleasne hleahtor.

c1325 Coer de L. 879 The kynges doughter lay in her boure.

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 2165 Sayde þe heþen kyng. ‘In my doȝtere bour þar þay ben’.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4411 Was neuer don to leuedi mar Scam..þan..Ioseph soght on me in bour.

1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake v. 201 Love-lorn swain, in lady's bower.

1839 E. B. Barrett Romaunt of Page in M. R. Mitford Findens' Tableaux 2/1 Her bower may suit thee ill.

1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake I. viii. 198 She had him into her bower.

3. A place closed in or overarched with branches of trees, shrubs, or other plants; a shady recess, leafy covert, arbour.The first two quots. rather anticipate than illustrate this use of the word.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > garden > division or part of garden > [noun] > arbour

arboura1375

leveselc1386

harbour1505

summer house1519

bower1523

summer hall1583

arbory1588

pergola?1664

arborage1697

amphitheatre1715

tonnelle1861

bower eaves-

the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > intercepting or cutting off of light > [noun] > casting of a shadow > overshadowing > shady place > leafy

bower1523

bowerlet1830

c1400 (?c1380) Patience l. 437 He busked hym a bour..Of hay & of euer-ferne & erbez a fewe.

1509 Bp. J. Fisher Wks. 232 Caused an yue tree to sprynge vp sodeynly rounde aboute his boure.]

1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Chron. I. lxxx. f. xli^v/2 To lodge in bowers of trees more nerer to the towne.

1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 iii. i. 205 Ditties..Sung by a faire Queene in a summers bowre .

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iv. 246 Where the unpierc't shade Imbround the noontide Bowrs .

1706 J. Addison Rosamond i. i The bower, that wanders In meanders, Ever bending..Glades on Glades.

1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) (at cited word) Care must be had that you do not confound the Word Bower with Arbour; because the first is always built long and arch'd, whereas the second is either round or square at Bottom, and has a sort of Dome or Ceiling at the Top.

1827 J. Keble Christian Year I. xliv. 173 A gracious rain, freshening the weary bower.

4. A structure reared by the bower-bird.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > larger song birds > [noun] > family Ptilinorhynchidae (bower-bird) > bower of

playing-house1589

run1841

playing-passage1845

bower1869

1869 H. A. Nicholson Man. Zool. (1880) lxvi. 625 These curious birds have the habit of building very elaborate bowers..These bowers are wholly independent of their nests.

1884 Grant Allen in Pall Mall Gaz. 20 Sept. 3/2 He had brought a bower of the Australian bower-birds over to England.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

Thesaurus »

Categories »

bower eaves n.

bower-enshaded adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > garden > division or part of garden > [adjective] > having arbours

pleached1600

arboured1610

bowery1713

boweringa1717

embowering1717

bowered1746

bower-enshaded1816

the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > intercepting or cutting off of light > [adjective] > casting a shadow > overshadowed > lying in shade or abounding in shade > specific

sur-clouded1632

bowered1746

boughed1809

bower-enshaded1816

1816 L. Hunt Story of Rimini iii. 442 Bower-enshaded kisses.

bower-head n.

ΚΠ

a1825 Ballad ‘Fair Annie’ xi, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1885) II. iii. 76/1 She is up to her bower-head, To behold both sea and land.

C2. Also bower-bird n., bower-maid n., bower-woman n.

bower-may n. archaic = bower-maid n.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > attendant or personal servant > [noun] > servant of bedchamber > woman

bower-maidc1308

bower-womanc1380

chamberlaina1400

bower-may1870

1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise: Pt. IV 48 No life of bliss Like sewing gold mid bower-mays.

bower-page n. a lady's attendant (archaic).

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > attendant or personal servant > [noun] > male attendant on lady

ushera1625

bower-page1830

1830 C. Clarke Three Courses 17 The striplings..more adapted to be bower-pages to those high-born dames.

† bower-thane n. Obsolete (see quot.).

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > attendant or personal servant > [noun] > servant of bedchamber

chamberlainc1325

cubicularya1382

cubicularc1425

chamberer?a1439

bedchamber-man1643

bower-thane1845

1845 B. Thorpe tr. J. M. Lappenberg Hist. Eng. under Anglo-Saxon Kings II. ii. 311 The chamberlain, or bower-thane, was also the royal treasurer.

† bowre-window n. Obsolete (see quot.).

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > types of window > [noun] > bay or oriel window

oriela1400

bay window1428

compassed windowa1552

boss window1553

compass-window1621

jut-window1693

bow window1753

oriel window1764

bowre-window1803

oriel casement1883

bow1885

1803 H. Repton Observ. Landscape Gardening xii. 178 Large recesses or bays, sometimes called bowre windows, and now bow windows.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

bowern.²

/ˈbəʊə/

Etymology: < bow n.¹, bow v.² + -er suffix¹.

†1. A maker of bows; a bowyer. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > production and development of arms > armourer > [noun] > one who makes bows or arrows

bowyer1297

stringer1420

bowerc1440

artillerc1453

fletcher1457

bow-maker1864

c1440 York Myst. xxix. 254 The Bowers and Flecchers.

1466 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 367 I payd to the bower fore dyverse gere, vjs.

1483 Cath. Angl. 38 A Bower, arcuarius.

1733 P. Lindsay Interest Scotl. 56 The Bowers, Fletchers, and several others.

2. One who plays with a bow on a violin or other stringed instrument.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > instrumentalist > string player > [noun] > bower

bower1668

1668 T. Shadwell Sullen Lovers ii. 29 He is a most incomparable Bower, he has..the most luxurious bow-hand of any man in Europe.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

bowern.³

Brit.

/ˈbaʊə/, U.S.

/ˈbaʊ(ə)r/

Etymology: < bow v.¹ + -er suffix¹.

1. One who bows, stoops, etc.; (see bow v.¹)

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > humility > self-abasement > [noun] > one who

bower1630

1630 W. Prynne Lame Giles 44 The Anti-puritan bowers at the name of Iesus.

1641 R. Greville Disc. Nature Episcopacie ii. vii. 113 Bowers and Cringers.

1849 A. Skinner Let. 1 Jan. in M. Trench James Skinner: Mem. (1883) iv. 60 When the bow is made, the bower walks out of the room.

2. One who bends anything.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > worker performing process or spec. task > [noun] > who shapes > specific shape

squarer1422

bower1579

baller1825

fluter1858

beveller?1881

rounder?1881

slabber1921

1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 5 A wreather, or bower of pine apple trees.

1921 Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) §278 Bower, fish hook bower,..sets, feeds and operates small fly press which bends fish hooks and forms ring at end.

†3. That which causes to bend; esp. a muscle.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > [noun]

mouseOE

musclea1398

lacerta1400

fillet1541

musculage1547

musculus1565

lizard1574

flesh-string1587

bower1590

muscling1766

thews1817

myon1888

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. viii. sig. H3^v His rawbone armes, whose mighty brawned bowrs Were wont to riue steele plates.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Flecheurs, benders, pliers, bowers..the muscles that serue to bow the joynts of the fingers.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

bowern.⁴

Brit.

/ˈbaʊə/, U.S.

/ˈbaʊ(ə)r/

Etymology: < bow n.³ + -er suffix¹: compare three-decker, etc.

1. The name of two anchors, the best bower n.¹, and small-bower, carried at the bows of a vessel; also the cable attached to such anchor.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > anchoring equipment > [noun] > anchor > main or bower anchor

plight-anchor1508

plicht?a1513

bow-anchor1627

best bowera1647

bower-anchor1652

bower1709

1709 London Gaz. No. 4521/2 Our small Bower..was drove through our Ship's Bow.

1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson i. vii. 71 To cut their cable, and leave their best bower behind them.

1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine at Cable Three good cables; the sheet cable, and the two bowers; best and small.

1842 F. Marryat Percival Keene III. xix. 239 I shall back the best bower with the sheet, and let go the small bower at the same time.

1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. 124 Starboard being the best bower, and port the small bower.

2. More fully called bower-anchor, bower-cable.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > anchoring equipment > [noun] > anchor > main or bower anchor

plight-anchor1508

plicht?a1513

bow-anchor1627

best bowera1647

bower-anchor1652

bower1709

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > anchoring equipment > [noun] > anchor rope or cable > belonging to specific anchor

sheet-cable1611

stream-cable1618

long service1662

bower-cable1748

sheet-shot1750

1652 Severall Proc. Parl. No. 142. 2223 My..best bower Ancher hooked in one of his Ports.

1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. ii. 132 A violent gust of wind..instantly parted our small bower cable.

1779 C. Clerke Jrnl. 7 May in J. Cook Jrnls. (1967) III. i. 655 Part of the Ice..brought home our Small Bower Anchor.

1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. I. iv. iv. 205 By sure bower-anchor hangs and swings the tight war-ship.

figurative.1823 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto XII iii. 6 Theirs is the best bower-anchor, the chain cable Which hold fast other pleasures.1874 C. H. Spurgeon Treasury of David IV. Ps. lxxxix. 1 The divine faithfulness..is the bower anchor of the soul.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

† bowern.⁵

Etymology: < Dutch bouwer or German bauer: see boor n.

Obsolete.

A peasant, husbandman.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > farmer > [noun] > rustic or peasant

tillman940

churla1000

ploughman1223

bondmanc1250

bondc1275

ploughswain1296

countrymanc1300

boundec1320

Hobc1325

charla1400

landmana1400

Jack (John) Upland1402

carlc1405

bowerc1430

peasanta1450

rurala1475

agrest1480

bergier1480

carlleina1500

rustical?1532

ploughboy1544

boor1548

rusticc1550

kern1556

tillsman1561

clown1563

Jocka1568

Jock upalanda1568

John Uponlanda1568

russet coat1568

rustican1570

hind?1577

swain1579

Corydon1581

mountain man1587

Phillis1589

sylvan1589

russeting1597

Joan1598

stubble boy1598

paysan1609

carlota1616

swainling1615

raiyat1625

contadino1630

under-swaina1644

high shoe1647

boorinn1649

Bonhomme1660

high-shoon-man1664

countrywoman1679

villan1685

russet gown1694

ruralist1739

paysanne1748

bauer1799

bonderman1804

bodach1830

contadina1835

agrestian1837

peasantess1841

country jake1845

rufus1846

bonder1848

hayseed1851

bucolic1862

agricole1882

country jay1888

child (son, etc.) of the soil1891

hillbilly1900

palouser1903

kisan1935

woop woop1936

swede-basher1943

c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1840) 192 Of tilthe of lande treteth the boueer.

a1563 J. Bale Sel. Wks. (1849) 191 Done to death in Frisland by the bowers of the country for teaching a strange religion.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

† bowerbowessn.⁶

Etymology: < bough n. + -er suffix¹ (probably after brancher n.²), for which the feminine -ess suffix¹ was afterwards substituted.

Obsolete. rare.

(See quots.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > order Falconiformes (falcons, etc.) > family Accipitridae (hawks, etc.) > [noun] > hawk > young

brancher?a1400

bowerc1460

eyas1486

nyas1495

eyea1500

ramage1575

ramager1686

c1460 Bk. Hawkyng in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) I. 293 When they [young hawks] begynne to feder..they woll drawe them oute of here neste, and clambre over bowes, and come agayn to here neste, and then beth clepid bowers.

1486 Bk. St. Alban's A ij b They will..draw to bowis..then thay be clepit Bowessis.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Bower or Bowess (in Falconry), a young Hawk so nam'd, when she draws any thing out of her Nest, and covets to clamber on the Boughs.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

bowern.⁷

Brit.

/ˈbaʊə/,

/ˈbuːə/, U.S.

/ˈbaʊər/,

/ˈbuər/, Scottish English

/ˈbʌʊər/,

/ˈbuər/

Etymology: < bow n.⁴ herd of cattle + -er suffix¹.

Scottish.

Categories »

A tenant who rents a herd of cows along with their pasture and fodder from a proprietor or farmer, and makes what profit he can out of their produce, after paying the rent; or who gives his labour as his share, and divides profits with the proprietor of the stock. Cf. bouman n.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

bowern.⁸

Brit.

/ˈbaʊə/, U.S.

/ˈbaʊ(ə)r/

Etymology: < German bauer peasant, one sense of which is ‘knave at cards’.

1. In the game of Euchre the name of the two highest cards—the knave of trumps, and the knave of the same colour, called right and left bower respectively.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > euchre > [noun] > specific cards

left bower1839

right bower1839

best bower1852

bower1858

1858 Congress. Globe 28 May 2460/2 He uses terms which I do not understand: talking about the ‘right bower’, and ‘ace’, and all that sort of thing.

a1871 B. Harte Heathen Chinee At last he put down a right bower, Which the same Nye had dealt unto me.

1884 Detroit Free Press Oct. (Negro Orator) De black man has de bowers in his hand.

2. figurative.

ΚΠ

186. B. Harte Tennessee's Partner in Wks. (1872) 43 ‘What have you got there?—I call’ said Tennessee quietly.

1870 Congress. Globe 17 Nov. (De Vere) As their Right Bower, General Butler, was absent, the stratagem would have succeeded.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

bowerv.

Brit.

/ˈbaʊə/,

/baʊə/, U.S.

/ˈbaʊ(ə)r/

Etymology: < bower n.¹

1. transitive. To embower; to enclose. literal and figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > enclose [verb (transitive)] > in or as in other specific receptacle or enclosure

casea1525

to case up1566

chamber1568

bag1570

embower1580

cistern1587

bower1599

casket1603

entemple1603

immould1610

incavern1611

incave1615

chest1616

enchest1632

intrunk1633

labyrinth1637

caverna1640

cabinetc1642

ark1644

to box in1745

lantern1789

cauldron1791

cave1816

pocket1833

castle1871

1599 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet iii. ii. 81 When thou didst bower the spirit of a fiend, In mortall paradise of such sweete flesh?

1798 R. Southey Eng. Eclogues i Jessamine..canopied And bower'd and lined the porch.

1853 M. Arnold Scholar Gipsy in Poems (new ed.) 202 Lindens..Bower me from the August sun with shade.

†2. intransitive. To lodge, shelter, make one's dwelling.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > [verb (intransitive)]

wonc725

erdec893

siteOE

liveeOE

to make one's woningc960

through-wonOE

bigc1175

walkc1225

inwonea1300

lenda1300

lenga1300

lingera1300

erthec1300

stallc1315

lasta1325

lodge1362

habit?a1366

breeda1375

inhabitc1374

indwella1382

to have one's mansionc1385

to take (up) one's inn (or inns)a1400

keepc1400

repairc1400

to have (also hold, keep, make) one's residencec1405

to hold (also keep, make, take, etc.) one's mansiona1425

winc1425

to make (one's) residence1433

resort1453

abidec1475

use1488

remaina1500

demur1523

to keep one's house1523

occupy1523

reside1523

enerdc1540

kennel1552

bower1596

to have (also hold, keep, make) residence1597

subsist1618

mansiona1638

tenant1650

fastena1657

hospitate1681

wont1692

stay1754

to hang out1811

home1832

habitate1866

1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene vi. x. sig. Hh2 Trees of honour..Spredding pauilions for the birds to bowre .

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

n.¹a1000

n.²c1440

n.³1579

n.⁴1652

n.⁵c1430

n.⁶c1460

n.⁷

n.⁸1858

v.1596

单词	bower
释义	bowern.¹ Brit. /ˈbaʊə/, /baʊə/, U.S. /ˈbaʊ(ə)r/ Forms: Old English búr, Middle English bur, Middle English bure, Middle English–1500s bour, Middle English–1600s boure, bowr, Middle English bor, Middle English–1600s bowre, Middle English bowur, 1500s boire, 1800s ( bowre), dialect boor, Middle English– bower. Etymology: Old English búr dwelling, etc., corresponding to Old Saxon bûr neuter, Old High German búr (masculine) (Middle High German búr , modern German bauer bird-cage), Low German buur , bur (masculine), Old Norse búr (Swedish bur , Danish buur ) < Germanic bûro(m < Aryan bhūrom* , < bhu , in Germanic bū- to dwell. Hence neighbour n. and adj. (Old English néah-gebúr ) and boor n. 1. a. A dwelling, habitation, abode. In early use literal. A cottage; in later use a poetical word for ‘abode’. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > [noun] resteOE worthineeOE settlea900 wickc900 houseOE erdinga1000 teld-stedec1000 wonningc1000 innOE bewistc1200 setnessc1200 wanea1225 i-holda1250 wonec1275 wunselec1275 wonning-place1303 bigginga1325 wonning-stede1338 tabernaclea1340 siegec1374 dwelling-placec1380 lodgingc1380 seea1382 tabernaclea1382 habitationc1384 mansionc1385 arresta1400 bowerc1400 wonning-wanec1400 lengingc1420 tenementc1425 tentc1430 abiding placea1450 mansion place1473 domicile1477 lendingc1480 inhabitance1482 biding-place?1520 seat1535 abode1549 remainingc1550 soil1555 household1585 mansion-seata1586 residing1587 habitance1590 fixation1614 situation?1615 commoratorya1641 haft1785 location1795 fanea1839 inhabitancy1853 habitat1854 occupancy1864 nivas1914 downsetting1927 OE Beowulf (Z.) 2455 On his suna bure. a1000 Chart. Eadrea in Cod. Dipl. V. 336 To ðen hagan; andlang hagan bur. c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 963 Bryng me to þat bygly bylde, & let me se þy blysful bor. 1568 U. Fulwell Like wil to Like sig. E.iiii Of all iniquitie thou art the bowre. 1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Sept. 97 The blacke bowre of sorrowe [gloss. hell]. 1581 J. Studley tr. Seneca Hippolytus v, in T. Newton et al. tr. Seneca 10 Trag. f. 75 The whilst the fire shall burne These bones, set ope his buriall bower. 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 281. ¶11 Our Historians describe the Apartments of Rosamond's Bower. 1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake i. 15 The primrose pale, and violet flower, Found in each clift a narrow bower. b. esp. a vague poetic word for an idealized abode, not realized in any actual dwelling. ΚΠ 1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets cxxvii. sig. H3 Sweet beauty hath no name no holy boure . View more context for this quotation 1644 J. Milton Areopagitica 13 The bowr of earthly blisse. 1770 O. Goldsmith Deserted Village 5 Dear lovely bowers of innocence and ease. 1782 W. Cowper Hope in Poems 149 Plucks amaranthin joys from bow'rs of bliss. 1858 J. M. Neale tr. Rhythm of Bernard de Morlaix 34 O! princely bow'rs, O land of flow'rs. c. A fancy rustic cottage or country residence. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > a house > types of house > [noun] > villa or country house > small box1696 country box1722 villakin1730 cottage orné1774 villarette1792 ranch1807 bower1810 ranch house1859 villino?1863 dacha1896 1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake i. 19 In that soft vale, a lady's bower. 1862 Athenæum 30 Aug. 270 Miss Helen Campbell..gave an entertainment in his honour, at her bower in the Clachan Glen. †d. A covered stall or booth at a fair. rare. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > trading place > stall or booth > [noun] shopOE boothc1175 cheaping-boothc1175 stall1377 standinga1387 crame1477 bower1506 stand1551 loge1749 market stall1827 kiosk1865 joint1927 1506 in J. L. Glasscock Rec. St. Michael's, Bishop's Stortford (1882) 31 Rec. on michelmas day for stonding of bowers w^tn th chirchyerde ixd. 2. a. An inner apartment, esp. as distinguished from the ‘hall’, or large public room, in ancient mansions; hence, a chamber, a bed-room.‘Still in north. dial.; in literature only archaic and poetic.’ ( N.E.D.) ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > room > types of room generally > [noun] > private or inner room bowerc1000 chamber?c1225 privy chambera1382 closeta1387 closera1400 conclavea1400 wardrobea1400 cell?1440 garderobe?c1450 retreatc1500 parlour1561 cabinet1565 cabin1594 in-room?1615 recamera1622 sanctum sanctorum1707 adytum1800 snuggery1812 sulking-room1816 sanctum1819 anderoon1840 inner sanctum1843 thalamus1850 growlery1853 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > room > room by type of use > [noun] > bedroom clevec825 bedchamberc1390 wardrobea1400 kuchiez kotec1400 garderobe?c1450 cubicle1483 pallet chambera1535 bed-place1566 kitchen chamber1573 bedroom1600 cubiculoa1616 lodginga1616 lodging-room1615 bower1674 ruelle1676 lodging-chambera1684 common chamber1684 sleeping-room1699 hall-bedroom1738 berth1806 bunk-room1855 bed-house1881 cubicule1887 bedder1897 bed1926 sleeping-platform1935 roomette1937 single1963 maid-room1992 c1000 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 124 Cubiculum, bedcofa vel bur. c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 139 He..ches þere crundel to halle · and eorðhole to bure. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 14581 Þer-inne he bulde ænne bur. c1386 G. Chaucer Nun's Priest's Tale 12 Fful sooty was hir bour and eek hire halle. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 3921 A godd had laban in his bure. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 46 Bowre, chambyr, thalamus, conclave. c1450 Urbanitatis (Calig. A.ii) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 13 In halle, yn bowre, or at þe borde. 1535 W. Stewart tr. H. Boethius Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) II. 616 Euerilk office, baith in hall and bour. 1595 E. Spenser Astrophel in Colin Clouts come Home Againe sig. E4^v Merily masking both in bowre and hall. 1674 J. Ray N. Countrey Words in Coll. Eng. Words 7 Boor, the Parlour, Bedchamber or inner room. Cumb. 1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles iii. vi. 90 Now torch and menial tendance led Chieftain and knight to bower and bed. 1851 Gloss. Provinc. Words Cumberland Boor, the inner room. 1868 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest II. ix. 357 His sons..carried him to the king's own bower. b. Especially applied to a lady's private apartment; a boudoir. Now only poetic. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > room > types of room generally > [noun] > private or inner room > of a lady bowerOE boudoir1781 OE Genesis 2388 On bure ahof bryd Abrahames hihtleasne hleahtor. c1325 Coer de L. 879 The kynges doughter lay in her boure. c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 2165 Sayde þe heþen kyng. ‘In my doȝtere bour þar þay ben’. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4411 Was neuer don to leuedi mar Scam..þan..Ioseph soght on me in bour. 1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake v. 201 Love-lorn swain, in lady's bower. 1839 E. B. Barrett Romaunt of Page in M. R. Mitford Findens' Tableaux 2/1 Her bower may suit thee ill. 1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake I. viii. 198 She had him into her bower. 3. A place closed in or overarched with branches of trees, shrubs, or other plants; a shady recess, leafy covert, arbour.The first two quots. rather anticipate than illustrate this use of the word. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > garden > division or part of garden > [noun] > arbour arboura1375 leveselc1386 harbour1505 summer house1519 bower1523 summer hall1583 arbory1588 pergola?1664 arborage1697 amphitheatre1715 tonnelle1861 bower eaves- the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > intercepting or cutting off of light > [noun] > casting of a shadow > overshadowing > shady place > leafy bower1523 bowerlet1830 c1400 (?c1380) Patience l. 437 He busked hym a bour..Of hay & of euer-ferne & erbez a fewe. 1509 Bp. J. Fisher Wks. 232 Caused an yue tree to sprynge vp sodeynly rounde aboute his boure.] 1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Chron. I. lxxx. f. xli^v/2 To lodge in bowers of trees more nerer to the towne. 1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 iii. i. 205 Ditties..Sung by a faire Queene in a summers bowre . View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iv. 246 Where the unpierc't shade Imbround the noontide Bowrs . View more context for this quotation 1706 J. Addison Rosamond i. i The bower, that wanders In meanders, Ever bending..Glades on Glades. 1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) (at cited word) Care must be had that you do not confound the Word Bower with Arbour; because the first is always built long and arch'd, whereas the second is either round or square at Bottom, and has a sort of Dome or Ceiling at the Top. 1827 J. Keble Christian Year I. xliv. 173 A gracious rain, freshening the weary bower. 4. A structure reared by the bower-bird. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > larger song birds > [noun] > family Ptilinorhynchidae (bower-bird) > bower of playing-house1589 run1841 playing-passage1845 bower1869 1869 H. A. Nicholson Man. Zool. (1880) lxvi. 625 These curious birds have the habit of building very elaborate bowers..These bowers are wholly independent of their nests. 1884 Grant Allen in Pall Mall Gaz. 20 Sept. 3/2 He had brought a bower of the Australian bower-birds over to England. Compounds C1. General attributive. Thesaurus » Categories » bower eaves n. bower-enshaded adj. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > garden > division or part of garden > [adjective] > having arbours pleached1600 arboured1610 bowery1713 boweringa1717 embowering1717 bowered1746 bower-enshaded1816 the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > intercepting or cutting off of light > [adjective] > casting a shadow > overshadowed > lying in shade or abounding in shade > specific sur-clouded1632 bowered1746 boughed1809 bower-enshaded1816 1816 L. Hunt Story of Rimini iii. 442 Bower-enshaded kisses. bower-head n. ΚΠ a1825 Ballad ‘Fair Annie’ xi, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1885) II. iii. 76/1 She is up to her bower-head, To behold both sea and land. C2. Also bower-bird n., bower-maid n., bower-woman n. bower-may n. archaic = bower-maid n. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > attendant or personal servant > [noun] > servant of bedchamber > woman bower-maidc1308 bower-womanc1380 chamberlaina1400 bower-may1870 1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise: Pt. IV 48 No life of bliss Like sewing gold mid bower-mays. bower-page n. a lady's attendant (archaic). ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > attendant or personal servant > [noun] > male attendant on lady ushera1625 bower-page1830 1830 C. Clarke Three Courses 17 The striplings..more adapted to be bower-pages to those high-born dames. † bower-thane n. Obsolete (see quot.). ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > attendant or personal servant > [noun] > servant of bedchamber chamberlainc1325 cubicularya1382 cubicularc1425 chamberer?a1439 bedchamber-man1643 bower-thane1845 1845 B. Thorpe tr. J. M. Lappenberg Hist. Eng. under Anglo-Saxon Kings II. ii. 311 The chamberlain, or bower-thane, was also the royal treasurer. † bowre-window n. Obsolete (see quot.). ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > types of window > [noun] > bay or oriel window oriela1400 bay window1428 compassed windowa1552 boss window1553 compass-window1621 jut-window1693 bow window1753 oriel window1764 bowre-window1803 oriel casement1883 bow1885 1803 H. Repton Observ. Landscape Gardening xii. 178 Large recesses or bays, sometimes called bowre windows, and now bow windows. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online March 2022). bowern.² /ˈbəʊə/ Etymology: < bow n.¹, bow v.² + -er suffix¹. †1. A maker of bows; a bowyer. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > production and development of arms > armourer > [noun] > one who makes bows or arrows bowyer1297 stringer1420 bowerc1440 artillerc1453 fletcher1457 bow-maker1864 c1440 York Myst. xxix. 254 The Bowers and Flecchers. 1466 in Manners & Househ. Expenses Eng. (1841) 367 I payd to the bower fore dyverse gere, vjs. 1483 Cath. Angl. 38 A Bower, arcuarius. 1733 P. Lindsay Interest Scotl. 56 The Bowers, Fletchers, and several others. 2. One who plays with a bow on a violin or other stringed instrument. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > instrumentalist > string player > [noun] > bower bower1668 1668 T. Shadwell Sullen Lovers ii. 29 He is a most incomparable Bower, he has..the most luxurious bow-hand of any man in Europe. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online June 2018). bowern.³ Brit. /ˈbaʊə/, U.S. /ˈbaʊ(ə)r/ Etymology: < bow v.¹ + -er suffix¹. 1. One who bows, stoops, etc.; (see bow v.¹) ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > self-abasement > [noun] > one who bower1630 1630 W. Prynne Lame Giles 44 The Anti-puritan bowers at the name of Iesus. 1641 R. Greville Disc. Nature Episcopacie ii. vii. 113 Bowers and Cringers. 1849 A. Skinner Let. 1 Jan. in M. Trench James Skinner: Mem. (1883) iv. 60 When the bow is made, the bower walks out of the room. 2. One who bends anything. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > worker performing process or spec. task > [noun] > who shapes > specific shape squarer1422 bower1579 baller1825 fluter1858 beveller?1881 rounder?1881 slabber1921 1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 5 A wreather, or bower of pine apple trees. 1921 Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) §278 Bower, fish hook bower,..sets, feeds and operates small fly press which bends fish hooks and forms ring at end. †3. That which causes to bend; esp. a muscle. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > [noun] mouseOE musclea1398 lacerta1400 fillet1541 musculage1547 musculus1565 lizard1574 flesh-string1587 bower1590 muscling1766 thews1817 myon1888 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. viii. sig. H3^v His rawbone armes, whose mighty brawned bowrs Were wont to riue steele plates. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Flecheurs, benders, pliers, bowers..the muscles that serue to bow the joynts of the fingers. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021). bowern.⁴ Brit. /ˈbaʊə/, U.S. /ˈbaʊ(ə)r/ Etymology: < bow n.³ + -er suffix¹: compare three-decker, etc. 1. The name of two anchors, the best bower n.¹, and small-bower, carried at the bows of a vessel; also the cable attached to such anchor. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > anchoring equipment > [noun] > anchor > main or bower anchor plight-anchor1508 plicht?a1513 bow-anchor1627 best bowera1647 bower-anchor1652 bower1709 1709 London Gaz. No. 4521/2 Our small Bower..was drove through our Ship's Bow. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson i. vii. 71 To cut their cable, and leave their best bower behind them. 1769 W. Falconer Universal Dict. Marine at Cable Three good cables; the sheet cable, and the two bowers; best and small. 1842 F. Marryat Percival Keene III. xix. 239 I shall back the best bower with the sheet, and let go the small bower at the same time. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. 124 Starboard being the best bower, and port the small bower. 2. More fully called bower-anchor, bower-cable. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > anchoring equipment > [noun] > anchor > main or bower anchor plight-anchor1508 plicht?a1513 bow-anchor1627 best bowera1647 bower-anchor1652 bower1709 society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > anchoring equipment > [noun] > anchor rope or cable > belonging to specific anchor sheet-cable1611 stream-cable1618 long service1662 bower-cable1748 sheet-shot1750 1652 Severall Proc. Parl. No. 142. 2223 My..best bower Ancher hooked in one of his Ports. 1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. ii. 132 A violent gust of wind..instantly parted our small bower cable. 1779 C. Clerke Jrnl. 7 May in J. Cook Jrnls. (1967) III. i. 655 Part of the Ice..brought home our Small Bower Anchor. 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. I. iv. iv. 205 By sure bower-anchor hangs and swings the tight war-ship. figurative.1823 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto XII iii. 6 Theirs is the best bower-anchor, the chain cable Which hold fast other pleasures.1874 C. H. Spurgeon Treasury of David IV. Ps. lxxxix. 1 The divine faithfulness..is the bower anchor of the soul. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † bowern.⁵ Etymology: < Dutch bouwer or German bauer: see boor n. Obsolete. A peasant, husbandman. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farmer > [noun] > rustic or peasant tillman940 churla1000 ploughman1223 bondmanc1250 bondc1275 ploughswain1296 countrymanc1300 boundec1320 Hobc1325 charla1400 landmana1400 Jack (John) Upland1402 carlc1405 bowerc1430 peasanta1450 rurala1475 agrest1480 bergier1480 carlleina1500 rustical?1532 ploughboy1544 boor1548 rusticc1550 kern1556 tillsman1561 clown1563 Jocka1568 Jock upalanda1568 John Uponlanda1568 russet coat1568 rustican1570 hind?1577 swain1579 Corydon1581 mountain man1587 Phillis1589 sylvan1589 russeting1597 Joan1598 stubble boy1598 paysan1609 carlota1616 swainling1615 raiyat1625 contadino1630 under-swaina1644 high shoe1647 boorinn1649 Bonhomme1660 high-shoon-man1664 countrywoman1679 villan1685 russet gown1694 ruralist1739 paysanne1748 bauer1799 bonderman1804 bodach1830 contadina1835 agrestian1837 peasantess1841 country jake1845 rufus1846 bonder1848 hayseed1851 bucolic1862 agricole1882 country jay1888 child (son, etc.) of the soil1891 hillbilly1900 palouser1903 kisan1935 woop woop1936 swede-basher1943 c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (1840) 192 Of tilthe of lande treteth the boueer. a1563 J. Bale Sel. Wks. (1849) 191 Done to death in Frisland by the bowers of the country for teaching a strange religion. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online March 2021). † bowerbowessn.⁶ Etymology: < bough n. + -er suffix¹ (probably after brancher n.²), for which the feminine -ess suffix¹ was afterwards substituted. Obsolete. rare. (See quots.) ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Falconiformes (falcons, etc.) > family Accipitridae (hawks, etc.) > [noun] > hawk > young brancher?a1400 bowerc1460 eyas1486 nyas1495 eyea1500 ramage1575 ramager1686 c1460 Bk. Hawkyng in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) I. 293 When they [young hawks] begynne to feder..they woll drawe them oute of here neste, and clambre over bowes, and come agayn to here neste, and then beth clepid bowers. 1486 Bk. St. Alban's A ij b They will..draw to bowis..then thay be clepit Bowessis. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Bower or Bowess (in Falconry), a young Hawk so nam'd, when she draws any thing out of her Nest, and covets to clamber on the Boughs. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online March 2021). bowern.⁷ Brit. /ˈbaʊə/, /ˈbuːə/, U.S. /ˈbaʊər/, /ˈbuər/, Scottish English /ˈbʌʊər/, /ˈbuər/ Etymology: < bow n.⁴ herd of cattle + -er suffix¹. Scottish. Categories » A tenant who rents a herd of cows along with their pasture and fodder from a proprietor or farmer, and makes what profit he can out of their produce, after paying the rent; or who gives his labour as his share, and divides profits with the proprietor of the stock. Cf. bouman n. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021). bowern.⁸ Brit. /ˈbaʊə/, U.S. /ˈbaʊ(ə)r/ Etymology: < German bauer peasant, one sense of which is ‘knave at cards’. 1. In the game of Euchre the name of the two highest cards—the knave of trumps, and the knave of the same colour, called right and left bower respectively. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > euchre > [noun] > specific cards left bower1839 right bower1839 best bower1852 bower1858 1858 Congress. Globe 28 May 2460/2 He uses terms which I do not understand: talking about the ‘right bower’, and ‘ace’, and all that sort of thing. a1871 B. Harte Heathen Chinee At last he put down a right bower, Which the same Nye had dealt unto me. 1884 Detroit Free Press Oct. (Negro Orator) De black man has de bowers in his hand. 2. figurative. ΚΠ 186. B. Harte Tennessee's Partner in Wks. (1872) 43 ‘What have you got there?—I call’ said Tennessee quietly. 1870 Congress. Globe 17 Nov. (De Vere) As their Right Bower, General Butler, was absent, the stratagem would have succeeded. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021). bowerv. Brit. /ˈbaʊə/, /baʊə/, U.S. /ˈbaʊ(ə)r/ Etymology: < bower n.¹ 1. transitive. To embower; to enclose. literal and figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > enclosing or enclosure > enclose [verb (transitive)] > in or as in other specific receptacle or enclosure casea1525 to case up1566 chamber1568 bag1570 embower1580 cistern1587 bower1599 casket1603 entemple1603 immould1610 incavern1611 incave1615 chest1616 enchest1632 intrunk1633 labyrinth1637 caverna1640 cabinetc1642 ark1644 to box in1745 lantern1789 cauldron1791 cave1816 pocket1833 castle1871 1599 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet iii. ii. 81 When thou didst bower the spirit of a fiend, In mortall paradise of such sweete flesh? View more context for this quotation 1798 R. Southey Eng. Eclogues i Jessamine..canopied And bower'd and lined the porch. 1853 M. Arnold Scholar Gipsy in Poems (new ed.) 202 Lindens..Bower me from the August sun with shade. †2. intransitive. To lodge, shelter, make one's dwelling. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > [verb (intransitive)] wonc725 erdec893 siteOE liveeOE to make one's woningc960 through-wonOE bigc1175 walkc1225 inwonea1300 lenda1300 lenga1300 lingera1300 erthec1300 stallc1315 lasta1325 lodge1362 habit?a1366 breeda1375 inhabitc1374 indwella1382 to have one's mansionc1385 to take (up) one's inn (or inns)a1400 keepc1400 repairc1400 to have (also hold, keep, make) one's residencec1405 to hold (also keep, make, take, etc.) one's mansiona1425 winc1425 to make (one's) residence1433 resort1453 abidec1475 use1488 remaina1500 demur1523 to keep one's house1523 occupy1523 reside1523 enerdc1540 kennel1552 bower1596 to have (also hold, keep, make) residence1597 subsist1618 mansiona1638 tenant1650 fastena1657 hospitate1681 wont1692 stay1754 to hang out1811 home1832 habitate1866 1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene vi. x. sig. Hh2 Trees of honour..Spredding pauilions for the birds to bowre . View more context for this quotation This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.¹a1000n.²c1440n.³1579n.⁴1652n.⁵c1430n.⁶c1460n.⁷n.⁸1858v.1596
随便看	slavikite slavin slaving slaving days slaving expedition slaving vessel slavish slavisher slavishest slavishlier slavishliest slavishly slavishness slavishnesses slavism slavist slavistic slavite slavize slavo slavo- slavo-germanic slavo-hungarian slavo-lettic slavo-lithuanian

bowern.1

Compounds

bowern.2

bowern.3

bowern.4

† bowern.5

† bowerbowessn.6

bowern.7

bowern.8

bowerv.

bowern.¹

bowern.²

bowern.³

bowern.⁴

† bowern.⁵

† bowerbowessn.⁶

bowern.⁷

bowern.⁸