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单词 adit
释义

aditn.

Brit. /ˈadɪt/, U.S. /ˈædət/
Forms: 1600s adyt, 1600s audiat, 1600s–1700s addit, 1600s–1700s audit, 1600s– adit; English regional 1800s eddit (Devon), 1800s odit (Cornwall).
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin aditus.
Etymology: < classical Latin aditus approach, access, entrance, passage, doorway < adit- , past participial stem of adīre to approach (see adient adj.) + -tus, suffix forming verbal nouns.
1. A roughly horizontal passage introduced into a mine for the purpose of access or drainage. Also in extended use; spec. a watercourse, esp. one that carries water away from a mine.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > workplace > places where raw materials are extracted > mine > [noun] > mouth or top of mine or shaft
adit1602
bank head1645
mouth1702
bank1708
sough1747
pithead1839
brace1881
mouthing1883
the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > stream > [noun] > watercourse or channel
runeOE
sitchOE
pipeOE
sichetc1133
guttera1300
siket1300
sikec1330
watergate1368
gole?a1400
gotea1400
flout14..
aa1430
trough1513
guta1552
race1570
lode1572
canala1576
ditch1589
trink1592
leam1601
dike1616
runlet1630
stell1651
nullah1656
course1665
drain1700
lade1706
droke1772
regimen1797
draught1807
adit1808
sluit1818
thalweg1831
runway1874
1602 R. Carew Surv. Cornwall i. f. 11 They cal it the bringing of an Addit, or Audit, when they begin to trench without, and carrie the same thorow the ground to the Tynworke, somewhat deeper then the water doth lie, thereby to giue it passage away.
?c1630 in R. S. France Thieveley Lead Mines (1951) 49 In drivinge the Audiat forwards 60l.
a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Wales 3 By Adyts, making their entrance..into the Mountain, at the lowest levell thereof.
1685 E. Browne Brief Acct. Trav. Europe (ed. 2) 133 Some [cellars] have an open space in the middle of each roof, to let the Air out of one Cellar into another, and from the lowest an adit or tube unto the top, to let the Air in and out from the street, somewhat after the manner of the Mines.
1692 J. Ray Wisdom of God (ed. 2) i. 201 It being impossible to make any Addits or Soughs to drain them.
1700 W. Shiers Familiar Disc. conc. Mine-adventure 49 Here is an Alphabetical Index..of the Progress that has been made in all the Veins, Levels, Adits, and Cross-drifts to each Vein.
1778 W. Pryce Mineralogia Cornubiensis 166 If the ground is very loose on all sides, they make a Durns..which for a Shaft is square like the frame of a window, and for an Adit is the same as a door case.
1808 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Devon i. 79 The springs issuing from the surrounding hills, are constantly collected into the eddits that are taken up from the several streams.
1841 J. Trimmer Pract. Geol. 237 Many of the beds of coal are worked by means of adits driven into the sides of the hills.
1866 Common Bench Rep. (new ser.) XIX. 755 The water in the stream in question was brought to the surface artificially by the operations of miners, and conveyed in the tye or open adit to the part of the brook where the upper launder was afterwards placed.
1873 Amer. Cycl. I. 122/2 The adit which drains the district of Gwenap, in Cornwall, is estimated with its branches to extend a distance of 30 miles; its mouth is in a valley near the sea, and from it are discharged the superficial waters of numerous mines.
1908 N.Z. Geol.Surv. Bull. No. 6. 145 An adit level driven on the lode for a distance of 229 ft, showed..payable stone for 200 ft.
1932 J. U. Nef Rise Brit. Coal Industry I. iv. i. 367 The mine owner had usually to drive a drainage head to get the water from the new working to run either into the engine pit, or into the adit.
2005 in S. Elmes Talking for Brit. i. 13 An adit comes down from a cave. My grandparents used to live from the water they got from an adit and that flowed into the brook but that was very clean.
2. A means of access or entry; an avenue. Also as a mass noun: access, approach.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming in > [noun]
ingangc900
infarea1175
entrya1325
enteringc1330
ingoing1340
incominga1382
coming ina1398
ingressionc1470
introit1481
ingate1496
entrance1528
ingredience1538
ingress1543
impassing1545
enterc1547
entral1642
entrada1648
entrata1656
introgression1656
entrée1692
adit1836
immergence1859
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement towards a thing, person, or position > [noun] > coming into the presence of or contact with > means of
cominga1398
accessa1500
tocomea1522
adit1836
1836 I. Taylor Physical Theory of Another Life iv. 57 The senses are adits of knowledge; and because adits, therefore exclusive and restrictive means of information.
1847 Ld. Tennyson Princess vi. 136 Yourself and yours shall have Free adit.
1859 A. Helps Friends in Council New Ser. II. ix. 186 Some means of adit to the imperial Executive.
1905 O. Lodge in J. Maxwell tr. C. R. Richet Metapsychical Phenomena Introd. p. x That is undoubtedly the first adit to be explored,..but it is premature even to guess what will be the ultimate outcome of this..study.
2005 R. Anderson Little Fugue (2006) 137 Her one eye is clear, green, and rapt. The other is a glassy, inquiring adit.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2011; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.1602
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