briden.¹

Brit.

/brʌɪd/, U.S.

/braɪd/

Forms: Old English bret- (in compounds), Old English bryde- (in compounds and derivatives), Old English bryt- (in compounds), Old English (rare)–early Middle English (in compounds) bred (south-eastern), Old English–1600s bryd, Old English (rare)–1600s (1800s Scottish, in compounds) brid, early Middle English brede (south-eastern), early Middle English bried, early Middle English brud (south-west midlands), Middle English brijd, Middle English brude (chiefly south-west midlands), Middle English bruyd (north-west midlands), Middle English–1600s (1700s–1800s Scottish and English regional (northern)) bryde, Middle English– bride.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian breid (West Frisian breid ), Middle Dutch bruut (Dutch bruid ), Old Saxon brūd (Middle Low German brūt ), Old High German, Middle High German brūt (German Braut ), Old Icelandic brúðr , Old Swedish bruþ (Swedish brud ), Old Danish, Danish brud , all in sense ‘bride’, Gothic bruþs daughter-in-law, (also) bride (in this sense only in bruþfaþs bridegroom: see bridegroom n.), further etymology uncertain and disputed.A relationship with classical Latin Frutis (or Frūtis ), a rare byname of Venus, is sometimes suggested, but this is itself of uncertain origin and could alternatively reflect an Etruscan form of the ancient Greek name Ἀφροδίτη (see Aphrodite n.¹). Germanic senses. Like the further etymology, the original meaning of the formation in Germanic is somewhat disputed, but it denotes a woman during the process of getting married (and immediately afterwards) in all of the Germanic languages in which it is attested. More general senses such as ‘young woman’ and also ‘wife’ are attested in several early Germanic languages. In English, use in the sense ‘young woman’ (compare sense 3) is associated and conflated with burd n. from an early date; compare the discussion at that entry. Use with reference to long-married women is attested in Old English verse. The sense ‘daughter-in-law’ recorded in Gothic also occurs in a single instance in Old High German, but not in other Germanic languages; it is likely to be secondary. Compare (apparently < Gothic) post-classical Latin bruta , brutes daughter-in-law (from 3rd cent. in epigraphical sources from the Balkans), and hence Old French, Middle French, French bru daughter-in-law (12th cent.; in Middle French also ‘bride’, probably showing influence from another Germanic language). Forms in English. Old English brȳd shows i-mutation of long ū caused by the suffix (strong feminine i -stem); later forms in English show the expected reflex of Old English long ȳ . Specific senses. Specific forms. In use with reference to a moth (see sense 5) after scientific Latin sponsa, specific epithet (Linnaeus: 1767 for a species of moth, 1758 for a species of duck), transferred use of post-classical Latin sponsa bride (see espouse n. and compare spouse n.).

a. A woman on her wedding day; a woman who is getting married or is newly married.Frequently collocated with groom.In modern references to a same-sex marriage between two women, both are usually referred to as brides. Cf. e.g. quot. 1999.child bride, mail-order bride, picture bride, war bride, widow bride: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > bride

brideOE

spousessc1384

espousee1480

bridewoman1530

bride-wife1567

espousess1597

novia1874

makoti1949

OE Cynewulf Juliana 41 Þæt him mon fromlicast fæmnan gegyrede, bryd to bolde.

OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xxv. 1 Gelic þam tyn fæmnum þe ða leohtfatu namon & ferdon ongen þone brydguman & þa bryde [c1200 Hatton brede; L. sponsae].

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 128 Nefde he brud ibrocht ham.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 7282 Þenne hauest þu aboht þe luue of þire brude.

a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. l. 1788 (MED) This newe bryd..In armes sche beclipte hire lord.

c1430 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (Cambr. Gg.4.27) (1879) l. 2622 The nyght is come the bryd shal go to bedde.

1597 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet i. ii. 11 Shee hath not yet attainde to fourteene yeares: Let two more sommers wither in their pride, Before she can be thought fit for a Bride .

1629 J. Shirley Wedding iii. i. sig. G2^v I did expect your daughter would haue beene My Virgin bride; but she reseru'd for me The ruines of her honour.

1701 New Descr. Holland xii. 120 They have a Bason full of Leaves and Flowers, of which they throw a handful i'the Faces of the Bride and Bridegroom as they goe to Church to have the Marriage Blest.

1859 C. Mackay Coll. Songs 240 Thus I won my blushing bride, One happy summer day.

1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 13 Feb. 8/2 The bride..wore a dress of white satin embroidered with pearls.

1942 N. T. Alderson & H. H. Smith Bride goes West iii. 35 The ignorance of brides has been a subject of jokes probably ever since the days of Mother Eve.

1999 T. Ayers & P. Brown Essent. Guide Lesbian & Gay Weddings (rev. ed.) xiv. 184 We've heard of many beautiful weddings where one bride was in a gown and the other in a smashing tux.

2016 Spectator (Nexis) 11 June The bride chucked him within 24 hours of the wedding.

b. slang. A woman, esp. as a man’s (potential) sexual or romantic partner. Now rare.This sense arose as an extended use of sense 1a; there is no continuity of use with the much earlier but semantically somewhat similar sense 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > person > young person > young woman > [noun]

daughterOE

maidenOE

young womanOE

mayc1175

burdc1225

maidc1275

wenchc1290

file1303

virginc1330

girla1375

damselc1380

young ladya1393

jilla1425

juvenclec1430

young person1438

domicellea1464

quean1488

trull1525

pulleta1533

Tib1533

kittyc1560

dell1567

gillian1573

nymph1584

winklota1586

frotion1587

yuffrouw1589

pigeon1592

tit1599

nannicock1600

muggle1608

gixy1611

infanta1611

dilla1627

tittiea1628

whimsy1631

ladykin1632

stammel1639

moggie1648

zitellaa1660

baggagea1668

miss1668

baby1684

burdie1718

demoiselle1720

queanie?1800

intombi1809

muchacha1811

jilt1816

titter1819

ragazza1827

gouge1828

craft1829

meisie1838

sheila1839

sixteenc1840

chica1843

femme1846

muffin1854

gel1857

quail1859

kitten1870

bud1880

fräulein1883

sub-debutante1887

sweet-and-twenty1887

flapper1888

jelly1889

queen1894

chick1899

pusher1902

bit of fluff1903

chicklet1905

twist and twirl1905

twist1906

head1913

sub-deb1916

tabby1916

mouse1917

tittie1918

chickie1919

wren1920

bim1922

nifty1923

quiff1923

wimp1923

bride1924

job1927

junior miss1927

hag1932

tab1932

sort1933

palone1934

brush1941

knitting1943

teenybopper1966

weeny-bopper1972

Valley Girl1982

the mind > emotion > love > a lover > [noun] > one who is loved or a sweetheart > specifically a female sweetheart or girlfriend

lief971

ladya1393

ladyshipa1393

speciala1400

amiec1400

womanc1400

amoreta1425

mistressc1425

paramoura1450

fair ladya1470

girl?a1513

sooterkin1530

Tib1533

she1547

lady-love1568

jug1569

young lady1584

pigeon1592

love-lass1594

lass1596

dowsabel1612

swainling1615

lucky1629

Dulcinea1638

Lindabrides1640

inamorata1651

baby1684

best girl1691

lady friend1733

young woman1822

moll1823

querida1834

sheila1839

bint1855

tart1864

babykins1870

Dona1874

novia1874

fancy-girl1892

girlfriend1892

cliner1895

tootsy1895

dinah1898

best1904

twist and twirl1905

jane1906

kitten1908

patootie1918

meisie1919

bride1924

gf1925

jelly1931

sort1933

a bit (also piece) of homework1945

beast1946

queen1955

momma1964

mi'jita1970

her indoors1979

girlf1991

1924 A. G. Pretty et al. Gloss. Slang & Peculiar Terms A.I.F. (typescript, Austral. War Memorial Libr.) Bride, a young lady, she with whom one is seen in company.

1935 ‘G. Ingram’ Cockney Cavalcade ix. 146 ‘I must git a bride too,’ announced Patsy... Patsy, like most of his class, was eager to get a girl.

1954 R. Fabian London after Dark ii. 103 Every gang has its team of ‘brides’ or ‘chicks’, who are..captivated by the ‘glamour’ of belonging to a boy gang.

1964 Listener 31 Dec. 1053/2 This load of squaddies..ain't got any brides with them.

2. figurative.

a. In Christian contexts: a person or thing regarded as symbolically betrothed to God or Christ, esp. through a mystical or spiritual union. Cf. spouse n. 2a(b), wife n. 4c.

(a) A woman devoted to the Christian faith, esp. as a member of a religious order; a consecrated virgin (consecrated virgin n.); a nun.See also bride of Christ and Christ's bride at Phrases 1(b).

ΚΠ

OE Poenitentiale Pseudo-Egberti (Laud) ii. xix. 26 Gif hwa mynecene þe godes bryd bið gehaten him to wife nimð,..he beo..scyldig wið crist.

c1225 (?c1200) St. Juliana (Bodl.) l. 264 Þe ilke liues lauerd wiste him unwemmet his brud of þe bres þet wes wallinde.

1582 G. Gifford Dialogue Papist & Protestant f. 93 A multitude of glorious Uirgins did meete the new bride, and bring her in, where she was married to Christ.

1625 F. de Tejeda Miracles Vnmasked 27 The true Iesus Christ, (and not the spouse of this Nunne, which was the Diuell) was pleased to vnmaske this bride of Iesus Christ, reputed so holy and full of charity.

1795 Manner of receiving Poor Sisters St. Clare to Clothing 25 Then the Abbess kisses the Bride, and taking off her white veil, puts on a black one, saying, Take, daughter, this sacred veil; and wear it till you come before the tribunal of the eternal Judge.

1835 Greenville (S. Carolina) Mountaineer 10 Jan. I want to live as Jesus' bride.

1960 D. Dohen Women in Wonderland xii. 200 The consecrated virgin is not an unwilling bride, but a bride who freely gives herself.

2009 Whitby (Ontario) this Week (Nexis) 2 Dec. 1 The heroine..breaks free from the cloistered convent life as the bride of Jesus.

(b) The Christian church, esp. as representing the Christian faith or its adherents. Also: the Virgin Mary viewed in this way.See also bride of Christ and Christ's bride at Phrases 1(a).

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > sect > Christianity > person > [noun] > collective

holy churchc897

churcheOE

brideOE

ChristendomOE

Christ's churchOE

Christianitya1300

motherc1300

brotherheadc1384

Peter's bargea1393

Church of Christc1400

faithfulc1400

body of Christ?1495

congregation1526

husbandry1526

Peter's ship1571

mother church1574

St. Peter's ship1678

Peter's bark1857

Peter's boat1893

priest1897

OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xxxix. 330 Crist is se clæna brydguma, and eal seo cristene gelaðung is his bryd.

1548 W. Lynne Beginning & Endynge All Popery sig. H.ii^v Whom wolde not this olde and true and faithfull declaration of the romishe & Babylonyshe bryde, bringe to conuersion & knowledge?

1611 Bible (King James) Rev. xxi. 9 I will shew thee the Bride, the Lambes wife.

1724 R. Erskine Law-death, Gospel-life 11 The Gospel-Church, including all Believers among Jews and Gentiles, is called the Bride, the Lamb's Wife.

1852 Gospel Mag. Feb. 66 The Christ of God is Jesus and his people—Jesus and his Bride—one with him from everlasting, and everlastingly one.

1920 Amer. Jrnl. Philol. 41 46 The beatific annunciation of the divine favor..was to make her indeed the virgin bride of the Lord of All and the mother of the Saviour.

2018 Lethbridge (Alberta) Herald (Nexis) 22 Sept. d3 Christ has given the means to his weak bride to proclaim salvation powerfully to the whole world.

b. Something to which a person (esp. a man) is eternally bound; an object of enduring devotion, symbolically regarded as a spouse. Usually with possessive.

ΚΠ

1600 T. Dekker Old Fortunatus sig. I3 To morrow should haue beene our marriage morne, But now my bride is shame, thy bridegrome scorne.

1729 H. Carey Poems (ed. 3) 205 Her Pow'r he defy'd, And vow'd his dear Bottle shou'd alone be his Bride.

1827 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Dec. 730 The youth went down to a hero's grave, With the sword, his bride.

1840 E. Cook Melaia (new ed.) 221 The ocean's my home! and my bark is my bride!

1942 J. V. Cunningham Helmsman 28 Fatigue is my bride.

2015 @Sheltyb803 30 Jan. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) I'll be home for a pit stop in a few weeks but the road is my Bride.

†3. A young woman; a maiden. See burd n. Obsolete.With quot. a1400 compare quot. a1400 at burd n., from a different passage in the same source.In quot. OE as part of a riddle in which the activity of a lord's daughter (apparently kneading dough) is described using overtly sexual imagery.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > person > woman > [noun]

wifeeOE

womaneOE

womanOE

queanOE

brideOE

viragoc1000

to wifeOE

burdc1225

ladyc1225

carlinec1375

stotc1386

marec1387

pigsneyc1390

fellowa1393

piecec1400

femalea1425

goddessa1450

fairc1450

womankindc1450

fellowessa1500

femininea1513

tega1529

sister?1532

minikinc1540

wyec1540

placket1547

pig's eye1553

hen?1555

ware1558

pussy?a1560

jade1560

feme1566

gentlewoman1567

mort1567

pinnacea1568

jug1569

rowen1575

tarleather1575

mumps1576

skirt1578

piga1586

rib?1590

puppy1592

smock1592

maness1594

sloy1596

Madonna1602

moll1604

periwinkle1604

Partlet1607

rib of man1609

womanship?1609

modicum1611

Gypsy1612

petticoata1616

runniona1616

birda1627

lucky1629

she-man1640

her1646

lost rib1647

uptails1671

cow1696

tittup1696

cummer17..

wife1702

she-woman1703

person1704

molly1706

fusby1707

goody1708

riding hood1718

birdie1720

faggot1722

piece of goods1727

woman body1771

she-male1776

biddy1785

bitch1785

covess1789

gin1790

pintail1792

buer1807

femme1814

bibi1816

Judy1819

a bit (also bundle) of muslin1823

wifie1823

craft1829

shickster?1834

heifer1835

mot1837

tit1837

Sitt1838

strap1842

hay-bag1851

bint1855

popsy1855

tart1864

woman's woman1868

to deliver the goods1870

chapess1871

Dona1874

girl1878

ladykind1878

mivvy1881

dudess1883

dudette1883

dudine1883

tid1888

totty1890

tootsy1895

floozy1899

dame1902

jane1906

Tom1906

frail1908

bit of stuff1909

quim1909

babe1911

broad1914

muff1914

manhole1916

number1919

rossie1922

bit1923

man's woman1928

scupper1935

split1935

rye mort1936

totsy1938

leg1939

skinny1941

Richard1950

potato1957

scow1960

wimmin1975

womyn1975

womxn1991

OE Riddle 45 3 On þæt banlease bryd grapode, hygewlonc hondum, hrægle þeahte þrindende þing þeodnes dohtor.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12922 Fæirest alre bruden [c1300 Otho mayde]..aðelest kunnen, Howeles dohter.

a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 36 Y nul nout teme of brudes bryht wiþ browes broune.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 7131 Vn-to þat bride [a1400 Vesp. bride, a1400 Trin. Cambr. bruyd]..Sampson alle þe soþ he talde.

4. A man on his wedding day; a bridegroom. In later use Jamaican. Now rare.Cf. bride couple n. at Compounds 1a.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > bridegroom

bridegroomOE

spouse?a1300

bridec1390

grooma1616

bridesman1623

c1390 in C. Horstmann Minor Poems Vernon MS (1892) i. 111 As a Brid out of his bour Crist him-self out eode.

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 50 Bryde, infra in spowse,..Spowse, mann, sponsus. Spowse, womann, sponsa.

?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 18^v A Bryde, sponsa, sponsus.

1608 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iv. 63 Sweet Daughter deer,..Isis blesse thee and thy Bride, With golden Fruit.

1924 M. W. Beckwith Jamaica Anansi Stories 142 When dinner-time, Jack, de bride, come out an' say, ‘Frien's, we soon have dinner.’

1946 K. Dunham Journey to Accompong xxiv. 109 I finally extracted from Mai that the husband is also ‘bride’.

5. Originally: †the dark crimson underwing moth, Catocala sponsa (family Erebidae), of northern Europe and Asia, which has greyish-brown forewings and crimson hindwings (obsolete). In later use: the related North American moth C. neogama, which has hindwings with orange and black bands.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Noctuidae > member of subfamily Catocalinae (underwing) > catocala nupta (red-underwing)

red underwing1720

bride1832

wife1832

1832 J. Rennie Conspectus Butterflies & Moths Brit. 99 The Bride (C. sponsa, Ochsenheimer) appears the end of June.

1860 P. H. Gosse Romance Nat. Hist. 26 Ha! the lovely ‘bride’! If you can net her, you have a beauty.

1912 G. Stratton-Porter Moths of Limberlost ix. 230 I never have seen either a Sweetheart or Bride among museum specimens that I would have recognized without its identifying label.

1958 Prairie Schooner 32 106 The moon negates color and Bride and Sweetheart, For all their brown and gold and red, fly At night.

1998 Amer. Midland Naturalist 139 144 Lengths of forewings recovered in feeding roosts ranged from 1.3 cm for the lesser maple spanworm moth..to 4.1 cm in the bride (Catocala neogama).

Phrases

P1. bride of Christ (also Christ's bride): a title given to various people or things regarded as symbolically betrothed to Christ; spec. (a) the Christian Church, the community of Christian worshippers; (b) a woman devoted to the Christian faith, esp. as a member of a religious order; a consecrated virgin (consecrated virgin n.); a nun (often in plural).Originally in Christ's bride; bride of Christ is recorded from the early 16th cent. and is now the more common form.

ΚΠ

eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iv. xxi. 320 Mid þy þa se lichoma þære halgan fæmnan & þære Cristes bryde [L. sponsae Christi] openre þære byrgenne wæs forð on leoht gelæded, þa wæs he gemeted..ungebrosnad.

OE Ælfric Interrogationes Sigewulfi in Genesin (Corpus Cambr. 162) xxxiv, in Anglia (1884) 7 24 Of þære [sidan] arn wæter & blod to alysenne his gelaðunge, seo is gecweden Cristes bryd & clæne mæden.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 15337 Cristess hird..Iss cristess brid onn erþe.

1537 M. Coverdale tr. M. Luther Expos. Psalm xxii sig. D.iv^v Then doth the beloued bryde of Christ set her downe at hyr lordes table.

a1673 T. Horton 100 Select Serm. (1679) xlviii. 447/1 Every faithful soul is Christ's Bride.

1751 R. Erskine Repose of Faith under Tree of Life 10 Thus you see how the Bride of Christ may be scorched and Sunbeaten.

1819 Patriot 4 Sept. 4/3 A throned Church cannot be the bride of Christ.

1864 tr. E. Caracciolo Mem. (ed. 2) xiii. 169 The nuns are forbidden to sleep with the door of their room shut, which shows a distrust little honourable to the brides of Christ.

1994 D. Eastman Jericho Hour ii. 25 The unfolding of God's plan regarding the completion of Christ's bride and the ultimate establishment of His kingdom on earth.

2012 J. Clarke Three Summers v. 41 Of course they were good. Hadn't Mother Evangeline told them that the Sisters were brides of Christ?

P2. Proverb. happy (also blessed) is the bride the sun shines on and variants: used to express the superstition that good fortune will attend the marriage of a bride whose wedding is on a sunny day.Sometimes used in conjunction with the phrase blessed is the corpse the rain falls on at rain n.¹ Phrases 2.

ΚΠ

1648 R. Herrick Hesperides sig. K Some repeat Your praise, and..others doe divine; Blest is the Bride, on whom the Sun doth shine.

1777 Hist. Miss Maria Barlowe II. lxxiii. 223 They say happy is the bride that it shines upon. Superstition, you see, is not satisfied without blazing sunshine in the midst of Winter.

1823 J. Gamble Charlton III. ii. 57 ‘Happy is the bride that the sun shines on; and blessed is the corpse that the rain rains on’; muttered he.

1889 Wellesley Prelude (Wellesley Coll., Mass.) 9 Nov. 123/2 ‘Blessed is the bride that the sun shines on,’ said the friends of Miss Soule,..rejoicing in the first bright Monday morning in weeks.

1935 H. M. Hyatt Folk-lore Adams County, Illinois 365 Happy is the bride the sun shines on, Tears for the bride the rain falls on.

2012 S. Challis Lonely Desert 11 ‘Lucky rain!’ ‘Happy the bride the sun shines on!’ I reminded him, ever the pessimist.

†P3. English regional (northern). to run (also ride) for the bride-door: to participate in a race from the church at which a wedding has taken place to the bride's home, for a prize given by the bride. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > wedding festivities > [noun] > place where wedding celebrated > door of

to run for the bride-door1788

1788 W. Marshall Provincialisms E. Yorks. in Rural Econ. Yorks. II. 318 ‘To run for the bride-door’, is to start for a favor given by a bride to be run for by the youth of the neighbourhood... If the distance be great, as two or three miles, it is customary to ‘ride for the bride-door’.

1855 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Yorks. Words 21 To run ‘for the bride-door’; the race for the bride's gift by young men, who wait at the church-door till the marriage ceremony is over. The prize is usually a ribbon, which is worn for the day in the hat of the winner.

P4.

bride-to-be n. a woman or girl who is soon to be married; (with possessive) one's fiancée; cf. to-be adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > betrothal > [noun] > betrothed person > woman

spousessc1384

bride-to-be1829

fiancé1853

novia1874

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > person about to be married

copulativea1616

bride-to-be1829

1829 J. Strachan Walter & Emma 119 He loved and wooed the maiden fair, His blooming bride to be.

1853 E. Bulwer-Lytton My Novel II. vii. xvi. 255 There be nothing mean or sordid in the birth, habits, and education of the father of this bride to be.

1965 Observer 21 Nov. 1/4 His bride-to-be..was seriously injured in a car crash.

2000 G. K. Moffatt Blind-sided iv. 74 A bride-to-be was in her home with some members of her wedding party.

P5. colloquial (originally and chiefly Australian).

a. to be (also go, etc.) off like a bride's nightie: to make a hasty departure; (also) to start quickly and make good progress.Punning on various senses of off: see off adv. 2b, to be off at off adv. 1a, they're off at off adv. 1f.

ΚΠ

1969 C. Bray Blossom like Rose i. 26 ‘Come on youse blokes!’ he shouted. ‘We're off like a bride's nightie!’

1986 Canberra Times 17 Apr. (Good Times Suppl.) 1/1 One would expect most to be off like a bride's nightie, but no, many were keen to talk.

2018 Port Lincoln (Austral.) Times (Nexis) 11 Sept. Cougars..were off like a bride's nightie, scoring five in a row.

b. to be (also go, etc.) up and down like a bride's nightie: to rise and fall quickly or repeatedly; to fluctuate rapidly.

ΚΠ

1985 B. Humphries Traveller's Tool v. 44 The economy is up and down like a bride's nightie.

1999 Select Feb. 50/1 It's been up and down like a bride's nightie since the last album.

2008 Sun Herald (Sydney) (Nexis) 30 Nov. 6 Her weight goes up and down like a bride's nightie.

Compounds

In early compounds chiefly with the sense ‘of or relating to a marriage or wedding’ (see Compounds 1a). Later compounds show both this sense and the more specific sense ‘of or relating to a bride; used by or associated with a woman on the occasion of her marriage’ (see Compounds 1b). In many cases there are equivalent combinations with bridal: see bridal adj. Compounds.

C1.

a. Of or relating to a marriage or wedding; used at or associated with a wedding.See also bridebed n., bride cake n. 1, bride-chamber n., bride clothes n. 1, bride-cup n., bridegroom n., bridehouse n., bridelace n., bridewoman n. 1.

† bride-banquet n. Obsolete a feast held in celebration of a marriage.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > meal > feast > [noun] > wedding feast

marriage feast?1533

marriage dinner1552

bride-banquet1600

spouse-feast1601

marriage table1603

bridal dinnera1616

wedding-dinner1633

wedding-feast1633

wedding-supper1695

wedding-table1722

breakfast1847

wedding breakfast1850

wedding-banquet1855

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > wedding festivities > [noun] > feast

bride ale1526

marriage feast?1533

bride-banquet1600

spouse-feast1601

wedding-feast1633

wedding-banquet1855

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxxvi. 929 This new married man, fed fat..with daintie suppers and delicate bride bankets, is come forth (forsooth) to fight a battaile.

1633 J. Ford 'Tis Pitty shee's Whore iv. sig. G4 That marriage seldome's good, Where the bride-banquet so begins in blood.

† bride-barn n. Obsolete rare a barn in which a wedding is celebrated.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > wedding festivities > [noun] > place where wedding celebrated

bridal house1440

wedding-housec1440

bridehouse1550

bride-barn1652

marriage hall1924

1652 R. Brome Joviall Crew iv. ii. sig. L2^v We are mist within in the Bride-Barn among the Revell rout.

bride bell n. poetic (now rare) a church bell rung at a marriage, esp. as a celebration or expression of joy.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > music, song, or bells > [noun] > bell or peal

marriage-knell1693

wedding-peal1808

marriage bell1816

bride bell1839

wedding-bella1849

society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > bell-ringing > [noun] > at a wedding

marriage-knell1693

wedding-peal1808

marriage bell1816

bride bell1839

wedding-bella1849

spurring1888

1839 E. B. Barrett Legend Brown Rosarie iii, in M. R. Mitford Findens' Tableaux 18/2 The merry bride-bell Ringeth clear through the greenwood that skirts the chapelle.

1879 F. E. Weatherly Bride Bells (sheet music) 4 Her thoughts are far away at sea, With her bonnie sailor lad, With her bonnie sailor lad. But Kling, lang, ling, She seems to hear her bride bells ring.

1994 A. Wall Curved Light v. 141 The bride bells started ringing.

† bride-bowl n. Obsolete a cup or bowl from which a newly married couple, or their wedding guests, drink in celebration of the marriage; = bride-cup n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > containers for drink > drinking vessel > [noun] > wedding cup

bride-cup1546

bride-bowl1605

bridal bowl1611

knitting-cupa1637

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > wedding festivities > [noun] > feast > cup handed round

bride-cup1546

bride-bowl1605

bridal bowl1611

1605 G. Chapman et al. Eastward Hoe ii. sig. B4^v My priuie Guest, lustie Quickesiluer, has drunke too deepe of the Bride-boule, but with a little sleepe he is much recouered.

1631 B. Jonson New Inne Argt. sig. (*)7^v L. Beaufort..calls for his bed, and bride-bowle, to be made ready.

bride boy n. now historical and rare a young man or boy who acts as an attendant to the bride or groom at a wedding, and who performs various ceremonial duties; cf. pageboy n. 1b.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > attendant > page

bride boy1614

pagea1668

pageboy1939

1614 C. Brooke in Englands Helicon (new ed.) sig. R^v Forth honour'd Groome; behold, not farre behind Your willing Bride; led by two strengthlesse Boyes. [Note] Bride Boyes.

1926 Auckland (N.Z.) Star 16 Nov. 23/5 Did they have a superstition then, I wonder, three times a brideboy never a bridegroom?

2007 G. Greer Shakespeare's Wife vi. 102 Will would have been undressed by his bride boys who would carry off his points, the ties that secured his codpiece, to keep for talismans.

bride bush n. now historical a bush, bouquet, or garland associated with a wedding. N.E.D. (1884) defined this sense as: ‘a bush hung out at the (village) alehouse in honour of a wedding’. Though this interpretation also occurs frequently in modern glossaries and popular history books (cf. quot. 1985), it is not supported by contextual uses, and seems to have arisen as a result of assumptions relating to bush n.¹ 5a. See also bride stake n.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > equipment or accessories of wedding > [noun] > other equipment or accessories

wedding-torcha1616

bride bush1617

wedding-cards1847

1617 W. Whately (title) A bride-bush, or a wedding sermon: compendiously describing the duties of married persons.

1631 J. Taylor Complaint of Christmas 12 His sprig of Rosemary on his head,..like a Bride-bush.

1818 H. J. Todd Johnson's Dict. Eng. Lang. at Bridal Some have asserted that the bridal is so denominated from the circumstance of the bride..selling ale on the wedding day... The word bride-bush is attributed to the same custom,..a bush at the end of a stake being once the usual sign in country places for the alehouse.

1985 J. R. Gillis For Better, for Worse iii. 98 They removed to the alehouse or the village green, where they set out signs called ‘bride stakes’ or ‘bride bushes’ to announce their wedding feast to friends, neighbors, and even passing strangers.

bride couple n. rare a newly-wed couple.In quot. 2006 representing the speech of a non-native speaker of English.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > newly married couple

bride couple1632

happy pair1697

1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena ii. 41 The rare qualities of the bride-couple, being such, as (I beleeve) whosoever had searched over all the world, could not have found out such another paire.

1635 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Donzella Desterrada 172 Having lodg'd the bride-couple a-bed.

1887 Narracoorte (S. Austral.) Herald 16 June 1/7 The bride couple turned white and red and let go of hands for a moment.

2006 ‘J. Case’ Ghost Dancer xlviii. 629 ‘I'd really like to send a present.’ ‘Very nice, yes, for bride couple.’

bride day n. now historical and rare the day on which a couple are married; a wedding day.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > time of wedding > [noun] > wedding day

marriage day1447

marrying day1546

wedding-daya1556

bride daya1641

big day1827

a1641 J. Webster et al. Cure for Cuckold (1661) v. sig. G3^v How can it be possible that she, unkindly left upon the Bride-day, and disappointed of those Nuptial sweets that night expected, but should take the occasion so fairly offered?

1822 W. Scott Fortunes of Nigel II. xii. 336 The bride-day, you say, is to be on the thirtieth of the instant month?

1850 E. B. Browning Poems (new ed.) II. 46 Why glads it thee, that a bride-day be By a word of woe defiled.

1994 B. Dolan Fires in Mist xxii. 223 Brigid's happiness grew as her bride day came nearer.

bride-feast n. now historical a feast held in celebration of a marriage.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > wedding festivities > [noun]

bridalOE

bride-feast1555

wedding-cheer1599

wedding festival1795

1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde ii. x. f. 88 They shall seeme to goo to bryde feastes [L. convivia..nuptialia] where all thynges are redy prepared a geynst their commynge.

a1743 J. Cannon Chrons. (2010) II. 440 At last they came to Glaston & held a bride feast there to which I was invited but did not go.

1884 J. Payne tr. Bk. Thousand Nights & One Night IX. iv. 111 Since he is married to thee,..we must make thee a splendid bride-feast, that we may rejoice in thee and in my son.

1992 Vancouver Sun (Nexis) 28 Mar. e14 At the bride-feast all was merriment.

† bride-kiss n. Obsolete a kiss exchanged by a newly married couple, esp. as the traditional conclusion to a wedding ceremony.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > marriage vows or bonds > [noun] > marriage or wedding bond > kiss as token of

bride-kiss1682

1682 J. Norris tr. R. Waring Effigies Amoris in Eng. 6 Sometimes their souls interchangeably gliding from their eyes, take a Cursory taste of Bride-kisses at a distance.

1830 T. Carlyle tr. H. Doering in Foreign Rev. Jan. 33 Caroline..bestowed on him..the bride-kiss of her own accord.

1918 D. M. Wright Irish Heart 2 Carill spoke me fair this day For the bride-kiss of my daughter.

bride-knot n. now historical and rare a knot of ribbons, a floral decoration, or a similar ornament worn by wedding guests or members of the bridal party.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > equipment or accessories of wedding > [noun] > emblem or favour

rosemary1559

wedding-favour1681

bride-knot1694

bridal favour1756

orange blossomc1835

1694 N. H. Ladies Dict. 504/1 Nor was he slow in furnishing the Bride-knots and Favours.

1792 P. Thicknesse Let. to C. Bonner 11 When the late Duke of St. Albans was married, he sent one bride knot to his uncle Lord George Beauclerck.

1830 A. E. Bray Fitz of Fitz-ford III. iii. 47 The numerous guests of Glanville, attired in new and rich dresses, each wearing his ‘bride knot of many colours’.

2000 K. Sturtevant At Sign of Star 44 I was teased and twirled and given gloves and ribbons and bride-knots to wear.

† bride-people n. Obsolete rare the bride and groom with their entourage; the bridal party.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > wedding group or party

weddinger1802

bride-people1816

wedding group1861

wedding party1873

1816 J. Austen Emma I. i. 3 The wedding over and the bride-people gone, her father and herself were left to dine together.

1876 R. Broughton Joan III. xxxii. 25 The day finally decided upon for her departure is—oh, irony of destiny!—the one after that fixed for the bridepeople's return, and the fancy ball which is to grace it.

bride ring n. rare a wedding ring, esp. that worn by the bride.With the sense ‘a wedding ring worn by a bride’, cf. Compounds 1b. [Compare earlier bridal ring n. at bridal adj. Compounds.]

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > marriage vows or bonds > [noun] > marriage or wedding bond > ring as token of

wedding-ringc1386

marrying ring1504

marriage ring1568

band1671

bridal ring1717

bride ring1810

church-ring1856

wedding band1946

1810 A. Cunningham in R. H. Cromek & A. Cunningham Remains Nithsdale & Galloway Song 242 She took the bride ring frae his finger An' threw it in the sea; ‘That hand shall mense nae ither ring But wi' the will o' me.’

1848 C. Kingsley Yeast in Fraser's Mag. Nov. 541/1 Where is your bride-ring, my fair maid?

1989 N. Crenshaw Edin's Embrace xxviii. 428 Jennie was as cheerful as always.., exclaiming over Edin's bride ring.

bride-sheet n. now historical and rare a bed sheet used by a newly married couple.Often with reference to the practice of ascertaining a bride’s virginity by inspecting the bed sheets for bloodstains after the wedding night.

ΚΠ

?1775 Fortune-hunter v. 68 White Laun Bride-Sheets, with a Crimson Velvet Bed.

1930 T. S. Eliot tr. ‘St.-J. Perse’ Anabasis 63 Loud acclamations..for the publication of the bride-sheets!

1981 P. Hill Place of Ravens iii. 33 Dame Joan came with Elizabeth to examine the bride-sheets. They found blood on them.

bride-sleep n. poetic rare a state of blissful languor following sexual intercourse.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > time after marriage > [noun] > bed > sleep on

bride-sleep1870

1870 D. G. Rossetti Poems 34 He may..curse the day when the bride-sleep took him.

1917 Poetry Sept. 304 Drowsed and murmurous she lies In the bride-sleep, the deep bliss After some exalted kiss.

1990 D. Walcott Omeros vii. 42 Her forehead glazed with the sweat Of the bride-sleep that soothed Adam in paradise, Before it gaped into a wound.

bride-song n. now historical a song sung in celebration of a wedding; spec. (in early use) a nuptial song or poem praising the bride and bridegroom and praying for their prosperity; = epithalamium n. [With the early use compare Middle Low German brūtsanc , Old High German brūtisang , and also Old English brȳdlēoþ , in the same sense (compare leoth n.).]

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > music, song, or bells > [noun] > song

bride-songOE

marriage song1582

bedding ballad1589

epithalamy1589

epithalamium1595

prothalamion1597

wedding-song1598

Hymen1613

hymenean1667

hymeneal1717

marriage lay1728

society > faith > worship > church music > hymn > kinds of hymn > wedding > [noun]

bride-songOE

Hymen1613

hymenean1667

hymeneal1717

society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > vocal music > types of song > [noun] > wedding song

bride-songOE

marriage song1582

bedding ballad1589

epithalamy1589

epithalamium1595

prothalamion1597

wedding-song1598

Hymen1613

hymenean1667

hymeneal1717

marriage lay1728

OE Antwerp-London Gloss. (2011) 68 Ymeneus, brydsang uel epitalamium.

1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. xxiv. 425 For Brydesongs, they bee not wanting.

1629 J. Ford Lovers Melancholy v. 86 Sorrowes are chang'd to Bride-songs.

1894 C. W. Johnson in H. B. Carrington Beacon Lights of Patriotism iii. 98 Behind them join a glad procession of dear friends, With rustic band, chanting in unison, o'er and o'er, A sweet, sad bride-song.

2000 H. Smith Highland Princess xv. 213 Becan began to sing a bride-song, and the more musical of the family joined in with lute and pipes.

† bride squire n. Obsolete rare a man chosen to act as an attendant at a wedding and to perform various ceremonial duties; = bridesman n. 1.In quot. a1843 with reference to quot. a1637.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > attendant > groomsman

bridesman1555

bride squirea1637

groomsman1698

best man1782

a1637 B. Jonson Kings Entertainm. at Welbeck sig. Oo3^v in Wks. (1640) III The two Bride Squires, the Cake-bearer, and the Boll-bearer, were in two yellow leather Doublets.

a1843 R. Southey Common-place Bk. (1850) 3rd Ser. 27/2 Cake bearer and bowl bearer,—the bride squires performed these offices at a country wedding.

bride stake n. historical (apparently) a pole formerly used at or associated with a wedding.The only contextual evidence for this word occurs in the genitive form as brides-stake (cf. brides-stake n. at Compounds 2), where the meaning is unclear. Assertions in modern popular history books (cf. later quots.) that a pole called a bride stake was used for dancing or to advertise a wedding seem to be based on Johnson's conjectural interpretation of quot. a1637 for brides-stake n. at Compounds 2 and similar speculations associated with bride bush (cf. bride bush n.).

ΚΠ

1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Bridestake, it seems to be a post set in the ground, to dance round, like a maypole.

1869 E. J. Wood Wedding Day ix. 193 ‘Bride bushes’ and ‘bride stakes’, obtained their names..from a bush at the end of a stake or pole being the ancient sign of the country ale-houses, around which pole the guests used to dance.

1985 J. R. Gillis For Better, for Worse i. iii. 98 They set out signs called ‘bride stakes’ or ‘bride bushes’ to announce their wedding feast to friends, neighbors, and even passing strangers.

bride-wife n. a bride or newly married woman.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > bride

brideOE

spousessc1384

espousee1480

bridewoman1530

bride-wife1567

espousess1597

novia1874

makoti1949

1567 G. Turberville tr. Ovid Heroycall Epist. f. 51 Ne didst thou cause a marriage bed for bridewife to be drest.

1625 T. Godwin Moses & Aaron vi. iv. 287 The wedding ring, giuen vnto the Bridewife, had this inscription or posie, Mazaltob.

1865 New Haven (Connecticut) Daily Palladium 14 Nov. Whether the bride wife was more pained than pleased at the unexpected return of her first liege lord, I will not undertake to conjecture.

1925 Adelong & Tumut (Austral.) Express 20 Nov. 1/4 ‘Look, look, Reu, isn't that just too lovely for words?’ cried Alcie, the bridewife of a week, darting from the door of the sacristan's little cottage parlor.

1988 H. Herbst Chocolate Mouse iv. 121 Here she is,..dreaming great dreams of her future as Agnes Moira O'Hare, bride-wife, risen like the phoenix to a new life, never again Agnes O'Connell, widow.

b. Of or relating to a bride; used by or associated with a woman on the occasion of her marriage; often denoting specific historical or cultural customs or practices.See also bride clothes n. 2, bridewain n., bridewoman n. 2.

bride abduction n. the action or an act of kidnapping a woman as a means of obtaining a wife; cf. bride capture n.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > [noun] > manner of marrying > bride capture

bride capture1869

bride abduction1879

1879 Mission Life July 314 The hill Kois..still practise to a more or less extent ‘bride abduction’, but peaceful marriage negotiations are beginning to be more prevalent amongst them.

1937 R. H. Lowie Hist. Ethnol. Theory v. 46 There is nothing to show that it [sc. exogamy] regularly accompanies bride-abduction.

2005 K. Farr Sex Trafficking v. 137 Jinlian was the victim of a bride abduction, sold into a new life from which she could not escape.

bride belt n. chiefly historical a girdle, esp. one worn by a bride as a symbol of chastity in ancient Greece or Rome; = cestus n.¹

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > belt or sash > types of > worn by specific people

abnet1602

bride belt1606

posting belt1737

obi1872

waist-torque1891

1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iii. 99 Thou wed a Wife, another 'fore thy face Shall lose her Bride-belt [Fr. ceste].

a1693 C. Blount tr. Lucian in T. Ferne et al. tr. Lucian Wks. (1711) I. 262 On the Head she beareth Beams and a Tower, together with a Cestus, or Bride-belt [Gk. κεστὸν], wherewith they used to adorn none but the Celestial Venus.

1904 Museums Jrnl. Oct. 130 Among them one notices some beautiful carved distaff heads, an upright loom of ancient type, a bride-belt and a bride-book with silver ornaments.

2011 D. J. McIntosh Witch of Babylon ii. 21 A bride belt of hammer-beaten silver from the Ottoman period in Anatolia.

bride burning n. the killing of a newly married woman by burning, esp. as a punishment for an inadequate or unpaid dowry; (also) an instance of this.Chiefly with reference to crimes committed in India and Pakistan.

ΚΠ

1979 Appeal-Democrat (Marysville–Yuba City, Calif.) 4 June b10/1 (caption) Women protest bride burning—Indian women demonstrated outside the home of a family in New Delhi that has been accused of killing a bride because they were unsatisfied with her dowry.

1990 E. Bumiller May you be Mother of Hundred Sons iii. 47 It was not until the late 1970s that the terms ‘bride burning’ and ‘dowry death’ came into use in India, when a handful of feminists began protesting against the occasional case that became known to the public.

2009 N.Y. Times Mag. 23 Aug. 33/2 In India, a ‘bride burning’ takes place approximately once every two hours, to punish a woman for an inadequate dowry or to eliminate her so a man can remarry.

bride capture n. the action of kidnapping a woman as a means of obtaining a wife; cf. bride abduction n.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > [noun] > manner of marrying > bride capture

bride capture1869

bride abduction1879

1869 Contemp. Rev. Sept. 154 Traces, however, of ‘bride-capture’ do certainly still exist.

1937 C. M. Arensberg Irish Countryman iii. 106 A last remnant of a primeval bride-capture.

1999 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. 5 64 Makuna speak of bride capture as theft or as a hunt.

bride-elect n. a woman who is engaged to be married; a prospective bride.Cf. bridegroom-elect n. at bridegroom n. Compounds 2.

ΚΠ

1700 T. Brown et al. tr. P. Scarron Novels iii. 60 in tr. P. Scarron Whole Comical Wks. He was within an Ace of leaving his Bride Elect in the lurch to run after this unknown fair.

1806 C. Wilmot Let. 21 Oct. in M. Wilmot & C. Wilmot Russ. Jrnls. (1934) ii. 239 The Bride elect dissolved in tears.

2017 Chicago Daily Herald (Nexis) 9 Aug. 6 The engagement of Miss Linda Brock to James Greenwood has been announced by the bride-elect's parents.

bride-leader n. rare a person chosen to act as the attendant to the bride at a wedding and to perform various ceremonial duties, esp. in leading the bride (and sometimes her entourage) to the bridegroom.In most cultures, a bride-leader is male (cf. bridesman n. 1), but mature married women may perform this role in some places (cf. quot. 1854).In later use chiefly with reference to the customs of Central and Northern Europe. [With the later uses compare e.g. Swedish brudledare (17th cent.), and also German Brautführer (16th cent.), Swedish brudförare, brudförerska (17th cent.).]

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > one who brings or gives away bride

bride-leader1552

father1600

despouser1635

nuptial father1748

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Bryde leader, pronubus.

1718 Mock Epithalamium upon Fictitious Marriage Pretender 15 Jupiter's cup-bearer..wou'd be made one of the Bride-leaders to the Lady.

1854 H. Newland Forest Scenes Norway & Sweden xxviii. 399 The bride-leaders, married women, who are supposed to encourage the brides during the ceremony.

1951 A. Stifter tr. in Folklore 62 460 We stood up..and went out, following the Bride-leader, along the road leading to God's House.

† bride-lifter n. Obsolete rare a male attendant at a wedding who lifts the bride into a vehicle or over a barrier as part of a local custom. [In quot. 1865 after North Frisian (Sylt) brid-lefter.]

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > bride-lifter

bride-lifter1865

1865 J. F. McLennan Primitive Marriage ii. 33 A young fellow, called the bride-lifter, lifts the bride..upon the waggon.

1902 Folk-lore 13 229 The bride-groom leaped lightly over [the ‘Petten Stone’] after her, and dropped a coin into the hand of one of the ‘bride-lifters’.

bride-lifting n. rare abduction of a bride; esp. the practice of abducting women for the purpose of marriage.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > [noun] > manner of marrying > bride-lifting

bride-lifting1865

1865 Dublin Univ. Mag. June 712/1 On the evening of the wedding day, Guenevere..was surprised by some villains lying in wait behind a thicket. They were carrying her off..when Merlin..pounced on them and deprived them of all wish or power for any future bride-lifting.

1883 E. F. Im Thurn Among Indians of Guiana vii. 186 Such a system of ‘bride-lifting’ is obviously opposed to that of marriage by families.

1940 O. F. Raum Chaga Childhood iv. vii. 282 The use of bows and arrows, and the elaboration of the exceptional bride-lifting into a general symbol of marriage, are apparently handed down from one generation of children to the other.

bride money n. a sum of money or quantity of goods given by the groom or his family to that of the bride.Cf. bride price n. and bride wealth n.Historically, the custom of paying bride money was a feature of numerous cultures. It continues today in parts of Africa, Asia, and the Middle East, and in some South Pacific Island societies.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [noun] > for bride

bride money1829

bride price1863

bride wealth1931

1829 Foreign Q. Rev. Apr. 117 The sister of the giant now comes in, and after northern fashion claims bride-money.

1926 D. H. Lawrence David x. 71 Is Merab not worth the bride-money?

1974 S. Velayudhan tr. C. N. Sreekantan Nair in Bhavan's Jrnl. 14 Apr. 34/1 Wasn't it by offering the country as bride-money that Dasaratha got your hand in marriage?

2003 I. Christophersen tr. Å. Seierstad Bookseller of Kabul 14 The bride money would solve many of her family's problems.

† bride-mother n. Obsolete a mature woman chosen to act as an attendant to the bride at a wedding; cf. matron of honour n. at matron n. 1e.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > one acting part of bride's mother

bride-mother1566

1566 T. Becon New Postil i. f. 92^v The Euangelist maketh speciall mention, that Iesus mother was presente also, peraduenture she was the bride mother in the mariage.

1712 London Gaz. No. 4987/1 The Empress Dowager with the Vice-Admiral's Lady, were the Bride-Mothers.

1885 Outing May 223/2 There then being no Countess L——, he chose from among his lady friends my hostess to act as bride-mother.

bride price n. a sum of money or quantity of goods given by the groom or his family to that of the bride.Cf. bride money n. and bride wealth n.Historically, the custom of paying a bride price was a feature of numerous cultures. It continues today in parts of Africa, Asia, and the Middle East, and in some South Pacific Island societies.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [noun] > for bride

bride money1829

bride price1863

bride wealth1931

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > gifts and payments > [noun] > bride-price

dower1382

dowry?a1505

marriage paymenta1652

bride price1863

mohar1863

lobola1905

bride wealth1931

kiddushin1936

1863 H. O'Neill Fine Arts & Civilization Anc. Ireland 438/2 The tribes of Central Asia still decorate their unmarried women in this way [sc. with strings of little bells], perhaps partly in order that their whereabouts should always be known from the sound, lest they steal away to lovers who come with no bride-price in their hands.

1876 K. E. Digby Introd. Hist. Law Real Prop. (ed. 2) iii. 113 By early Teutonic custom, besides the bride-price, or price paid by the intending husband to the family of the bride, it seems to have been usual for the husband to make gifts of land or chattels to the bride herself.

1963 W. Soyinka Lion & Jewel 7 But I tell you, Lakunle, I must have the full bride-price.

2006 C. N. Adichie Half Yellow Sun (2007) iii. 69 We don't have dowries, we have bride prices.

bride purchase n. something given as a bride price; (also) the act of exchanging money or goods for a bride, or the social system in which this occurs. [With reference to the ancient Germanic peoples (compare quot. a1860, and also quot. 1876 for bride price n.) compare Old Icelandic brúðkaup marriage, wedding feast, lit. ‘bride buying’, and Old English use of bycgan buy v. with reference to the payment of a bride price (in two early law codes).]

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > [noun] > manner of marrying > bride-purchase

bride purchasea1860

wife-purchase1862

lobola1897

a1860 T. Smith Arminius (1861) ii. v. 316 Hermanfried, one of the Thuringian kings..had presented to the Ostrogoth, apparently as bride-purchase, a number of white Thuringian horses.

1936 Anthropos 31 622 There is no bride purchase but a mutual exchange of gifts.

2004 C. McCarthy Marriage in Medieval Eng. ii. 52 ‘Bride purchase’..implies a patriarchal society where women are given by fathers to husbands, with the payment of money marking the transfer of authority.

brideservice n. labour performed by a prospective groom or newly-wed husband for the family of the bride.Brideservice is practised in parts of Africa and by some indigenous peoples of the Americas, esp. where there is limited ownership of private property.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > [noun] > manner of marrying > bride-purchase > by labour

brideservice1920

1920 R. H. Lowie Primitive Society viii. 200 If the Chukchi had conceived woman as a purchasable commodity, they would have substituted reindeer for bride-service.

1978 J.-P. Dumont Headman & I vii. 113 A year or two later, Marquito had finished his bride-service to Rufo.., and any further obligation was obviated by his father-in-law's opportune death.

2012 Afr. Stud. Rev. 55 102 More common among peasant farmers was the exchange of brideservice, or gifts of hoes, goats, or other small items that did not require a counter-gift.

bride ship n. now historical a ship carrying recent or prospective brides of men who have moved abroad, as servicemen, colonists, etc.

ΚΠ

1913 Hopkinsville Kentuckian 9 Sept. 1/1 A ‘bride ship’ arrived at Philadelphia Saturday, 13 immigrant girls being met at the landing by their lovers and all were married in short order.

1946 Daily Mail 11 June 3/5 An inquiry into the deaths of babies in the mystery epidemics on the bride-ships last month.

2011 Australasian Hist. Archaeol. 29 54/1 In 1855..five single women from ‘Bride ships’ were also recorded to have arrived at Lynton.

bride wealth n. a sum of money or quantity of goods given by the groom or his family to that of the bride.Cf. bride money n. and bride price n.Historically, the custom of paying bride wealth was a feature of numerous cultures. It continues today in parts of Africa, Asia, and the Middle East, and in some South Pacific Island societies. [Coined for the purposes of academic discussion by E. E. Evans-Pritchard (see quot. 1931).]

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [noun] > for bride

bride money1829

bride price1863

bride wealth1931

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > gifts and payments > [noun] > bride-price

dower1382

dowry?a1505

marriage paymenta1652

bride price1863

mohar1863

lobola1905

bride wealth1931

kiddushin1936

1931 E. E. Evans-Pritchard in Man 31 36 There has been a considerable amount of discussion..about an alternative expression for ‘bride-price’... I may be excused for putting forward the term ‘bride-wealth’.

1965 K. E. Read High Valley ii. 78 I gathered that my ‘brother-in-law’ expected me to contribute three axes and four steel knives to the bride wealth of Guma'e.

2018 K. Sykes in C. Gregory & J. Altman Quest for Good Life in Precarious Times vi. 120 Many tales are told of trucks and household appliances being given as one-off payments of bride wealth.

† bride-weed n. Obsolete a bride's dress or veil.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > equipment or accessories of wedding > [noun] > wedding garment(s) > veil

power1526

bride-weed1854

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > dress, robe, or gown > types of > for specific people > bride

wedding-gown1439

wedding-dress1801

bride-weed1854

1854 S. T. Dobell Balder xxiii. 123 The mist is as a brideweed on the moon.

1861 G. W. Dasent tr. Thorr's Hunt for Hammer in Once a Week 26 Jan. 127/2 Me will ye Asa-kin Craven heart call, If o'er my body These bride-weeds ye bind.

† bride-widowing adj. poetic Obsolete rare (of a weapon) that kills men, and hence makes widows of their wives.

ΚΠ

1818 L. Hunt in Lit. Pocket-bk. 1819 217 The bride-widowing sword.

bridewort n. (originally) meadowsweet, Filipendula ulmaria, which has clusters of creamy-white flowers; (in later use also) any of several plants of the genus Spiraea, family Rosaceae (cf. bridal wreath n. 2a). F. ulmaria was previously included in the genus Spiraea. [Apparently so called with reference to its similarity to elements of bridal dress.]

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > rosaceous plants > [noun] > meadow-sweet or dropwort

meadworteOE

meadsweeta1400

bridewort?a1450

meadowsweet1530

filipendula1548

goat's beard?1550

dropwort1597

queen of the meadow1597

mock-willow1633

meadow queena1637

queen of the prairie1852

honey-sweet1880

?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh.) (1950) 202 (MED) Regina prati is an herbe þat me clepuþ medsowte or medwort or brydwort..he haþ a whit flour..þer buþ twey spyces.

1597 J. Gerard Herball App. sig. Fffff3 Bridwoort, that is Vlmaria.

1761 Gentleman's Mag. Feb. 87/1 By procuring her Matchwort or Bridewort to renovate the Sattin bloom of her Cherry cheeks.

1863 R. C. A. Prior On Pop. Names Brit. Plants 29 Bridewort, from its resemblance to the white feathers worn by brides, Spiræa ulmaria.

1917 Country Life 23 June 4/1 Some made the beer from the bridewort..without sugar at all.

2004 R. Lance Woody Plants S.E. U.S. 338 Spiraea salicifolia L. bridewort.

C2. Compounds with bride's or brides'.See also bride's cake at bride cake n. 2, bride's laces n., bridesmaid n., bridesmaiden n., bridesman n.

bride's biscuit n. U.S. (a) a small, round cake made by a bride; used in similes with reference to something that is heavy, hard, dry, flat, or unpalatable; (b) a type of small, round cake which is easy to make and in which both yeast and baking powder are used as raising agents. [Apparently so called because a newly married woman was not traditionally expected to have good housekeeping skills.]

ΚΠ

1893 Indiana (Pa.) Democrat 9 Nov. (headline) Heavier than bride's biscuit.

1958 D. Gringhuis Eagle Pine xxiii. 156 That night the ground froze harder than a bride's biscuit.

2014 A. Kane United States of Bread 98 The biscuits are called Bride's Biscuits because even a newlywed, who may lack capability and confidence in the kitchen, can still bake a biscuit that's a mile high.

bride's bonnet n. North American a perennial woodland plant of western North America, Clintonia uniflora (family Liliaceae), bearing a single white flower likened to a bonnet.

ΚΠ

1911 W. L. Jepson Flora Western Middle Calif. (ed. 2) 108 Bride's Bonnet. Flowers 1 or 2, white, ¾ in. long.—Sierra Nevada.

1976 M. Durant Who named Daisy? Who named Rose? 42 A rare single-flowered clintonia, found at three thousand to six thousand feet in the Sierras and north in British Columbia, has two pretty nicknames—queen's cup and bride's bonnet.

2000 M. Grossi Longstreet Highroad Guide to Calif. Sierra Nevada 277 Along this trail, hikers are likely to encounter herbaceous species such as Hartweg's ginger (Asarum hartwegii), bride's bonnet (Clintonia uniflora), and rattlesnake orchid.

bridesboy n. a young man or boy who acts as an attendant to the bride or groom at a wedding, and who performs various ceremonial duties.Cf. earlier bride boy n. at Compounds 1a.

ΚΠ

1805 F. W. B. tr. J. Lavallée Cassas's Trav. Istria & Dalmatia i. 15 On the day of the wedding the young couple do not eat together:—the woman sits at a private table with her two diveri, or brides-boys, and the stachez, or lieutenant.

1935 H. W. Sykes Second Hoeing 60 Next came the three bride's girls, marching in clashing colors of bright green with ruffles, pink with white lace, and purple with black, each beside a bride's boy.

2000 Herald Sun (Melbourne) (Nexis) 30 Dec. 93 Forget about bridesmaids, Mindy waltzed down the aisle with four bridesboys.

bridesgirl n. Newfoundland rare a bridesmaid.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > attendant > bridesmaid

waiter1537

bridesmaid1552

bridesmaiden1634

bridewoman1649

best maid1766

maid of honour1895

bridesgirl1905

1905 Western Star (Newfoundland) 8 Mar. Dancing commenced, the first set being led off by bride and groom, with bridesgirl and bridesboy as vis-a-vis.

2006 J. Stone Four Steps to Altar xxxviii. 266 The hectic fittings and first rehearsal of the bridesgirls and the groomsboys..was complete.

bride's knot n. a knot of ribbons, a floral decoration, or a similar ornament worn at a wedding.Cf. earlier bride-knot n. at Compounds 1a.

ΚΠ

1813 G. Bruce Poems, Ballads, & Songs 62 Whar are ye gaun, sweet lass, this gaet, Gin ane may at ye spier, now; A' busket out sae clean, an' neat, Bride's knots, an' sic like gear, now?

1841 Lady Eastlake Resid. Shores Baltic I. xii. 266 We..were received at the door by four..bachelors selected from the mutual families, each with a white bride's knot round his arm.

1992 N. Freedman Seventh Stone 36 Her face was painted in the traditional white, her hair piled high in an elaborate coiffure and crowned in a bride's knot.

bride's room n. = bridal chamber n. at bridal adj. Compounds; (in later use also) a dressing room in which a bride prepares for her wedding.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > time after marriage > [noun] > wedding night > chamber

bridehouseOE

genius chamber1513

spousing1513

bride-chamber?1533

wedding-chamber1552

marriage chamber1560

bridal chamber1594

bride's room?1690

marriage-bower1769

bridal suite1853

?1690 Pleasant Hist. Tom Ladle ii. 9 Giving slip to the company, he got the opportunity to be led into the Brides Room; who pretending not to be well, was laid down.

1865 Harper's New Monthly Mag. Sept. 436/1 The large candles which were transferred to the bride's room from the reception-room at the close of the ceremony of ‘worshiping heaven and earth’, are permitted to burn all day and unto the evening, if they will.

1975 Man 10 599 On the wedding night, the groom's maama pushes the groom into the bride's room and on the following morning inspects the sheets for evidence of the bride's virginity.

2006 J. Livingston Colorado Weddings vii. 117 Shelley stood in front of the triple mirror in the bride's room at their church, gazing at her reflection.

† brides-stake n. Obsolete (apparently) a pole used at or associated with a wedding.Quot. a1637 has been interpreted as signifying a pole around which wedding guests would dance. See quots. and discussion at bride stake n. at Compounds 1a.

ΚΠ

a1637 B. Jonson Kings Entertainm. at Welbeck sig. Oo3^v in Wks. (1640) III Trol about the Bride-all Boll, And divide the broad Bride-Cake Round about the Brides-stake.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	bride
释义	briden.¹ Brit. /brʌɪd/, U.S. /braɪd/ Forms: Old English bret- (in compounds), Old English bryde- (in compounds and derivatives), Old English bryt- (in compounds), Old English (rare)–early Middle English (in compounds) bred (south-eastern), Old English–1600s bryd, Old English (rare)–1600s (1800s Scottish, in compounds) brid, early Middle English brede (south-eastern), early Middle English bried, early Middle English brud (south-west midlands), Middle English brijd, Middle English brude (chiefly south-west midlands), Middle English bruyd (north-west midlands), Middle English–1600s (1700s–1800s Scottish and English regional (northern)) bryde, Middle English– bride. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian breid (West Frisian breid ), Middle Dutch bruut (Dutch bruid ), Old Saxon brūd (Middle Low German brūt ), Old High German, Middle High German brūt (German Braut ), Old Icelandic brúðr , Old Swedish bruþ (Swedish brud ), Old Danish, Danish brud , all in sense ‘bride’, Gothic bruþs daughter-in-law, (also) bride (in this sense only in bruþfaþs bridegroom: see bridegroom n.), further etymology uncertain and disputed.A relationship with classical Latin Frutis (or Frūtis ), a rare byname of Venus, is sometimes suggested, but this is itself of uncertain origin and could alternatively reflect an Etruscan form of the ancient Greek name Ἀφροδίτη (see Aphrodite n.¹). Germanic senses. Like the further etymology, the original meaning of the formation in Germanic is somewhat disputed, but it denotes a woman during the process of getting married (and immediately afterwards) in all of the Germanic languages in which it is attested. More general senses such as ‘young woman’ and also ‘wife’ are attested in several early Germanic languages. In English, use in the sense ‘young woman’ (compare sense 3) is associated and conflated with burd n. from an early date; compare the discussion at that entry. Use with reference to long-married women is attested in Old English verse. The sense ‘daughter-in-law’ recorded in Gothic also occurs in a single instance in Old High German, but not in other Germanic languages; it is likely to be secondary. Compare (apparently < Gothic) post-classical Latin bruta , brutes daughter-in-law (from 3rd cent. in epigraphical sources from the Balkans), and hence Old French, Middle French, French bru daughter-in-law (12th cent.; in Middle French also ‘bride’, probably showing influence from another Germanic language). Forms in English. Old English brȳd shows i-mutation of long ū caused by the suffix (strong feminine i -stem); later forms in English show the expected reflex of Old English long ȳ . Specific senses. Specific forms. In use with reference to a moth (see sense 5) after scientific Latin sponsa, specific epithet (Linnaeus: 1767 for a species of moth, 1758 for a species of duck), transferred use of post-classical Latin sponsa bride (see espouse n. and compare spouse n.). 1. a. A woman on her wedding day; a woman who is getting married or is newly married.Frequently collocated with groom.In modern references to a same-sex marriage between two women, both are usually referred to as brides. Cf. e.g. quot. 1999.child bride, mail-order bride, picture bride, war bride, widow bride: see the first element. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > bride brideOE spousessc1384 espousee1480 bridewoman1530 bride-wife1567 espousess1597 novia1874 makoti1949 OE Cynewulf Juliana 41 Þæt him mon fromlicast fæmnan gegyrede, bryd to bolde. OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xxv. 1 Gelic þam tyn fæmnum þe ða leohtfatu namon & ferdon ongen þone brydguman & þa bryde [c1200 Hatton brede; L. sponsae]. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 128 Nefde he brud ibrocht ham. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 7282 Þenne hauest þu aboht þe luue of þire brude. a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. l. 1788 (MED) This newe bryd..In armes sche beclipte hire lord. c1430 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women (Cambr. Gg.4.27) (1879) l. 2622 The nyght is come the bryd shal go to bedde. 1597 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet i. ii. 11 Shee hath not yet attainde to fourteene yeares: Let two more sommers wither in their pride, Before she can be thought fit for a Bride . View more context for this quotation 1629 J. Shirley Wedding iii. i. sig. G2^v I did expect your daughter would haue beene My Virgin bride; but she reseru'd for me The ruines of her honour. 1701 New Descr. Holland xii. 120 They have a Bason full of Leaves and Flowers, of which they throw a handful i'the Faces of the Bride and Bridegroom as they goe to Church to have the Marriage Blest. 1859 C. Mackay Coll. Songs 240 Thus I won my blushing bride, One happy summer day. 1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 13 Feb. 8/2 The bride..wore a dress of white satin embroidered with pearls. 1942 N. T. Alderson & H. H. Smith Bride goes West iii. 35 The ignorance of brides has been a subject of jokes probably ever since the days of Mother Eve. 1999 T. Ayers & P. Brown Essent. Guide Lesbian & Gay Weddings (rev. ed.) xiv. 184 We've heard of many beautiful weddings where one bride was in a gown and the other in a smashing tux. 2016 Spectator (Nexis) 11 June The bride chucked him within 24 hours of the wedding. b. slang. A woman, esp. as a man’s (potential) sexual or romantic partner. Now rare.This sense arose as an extended use of sense 1a; there is no continuity of use with the much earlier but semantically somewhat similar sense 3. ΘΚΠ the world > people > person > young person > young woman > [noun] daughterOE maidenOE young womanOE mayc1175 burdc1225 maidc1275 wenchc1290 file1303 virginc1330 girla1375 damselc1380 young ladya1393 jilla1425 juvenclec1430 young person1438 domicellea1464 quean1488 trull1525 pulleta1533 Tib1533 kittyc1560 dell1567 gillian1573 nymph1584 winklota1586 frotion1587 yuffrouw1589 pigeon1592 tit1599 nannicock1600 muggle1608 gixy1611 infanta1611 dilla1627 tittiea1628 whimsy1631 ladykin1632 stammel1639 moggie1648 zitellaa1660 baggagea1668 miss1668 baby1684 burdie1718 demoiselle1720 queanie?1800 intombi1809 muchacha1811 jilt1816 titter1819 ragazza1827 gouge1828 craft1829 meisie1838 sheila1839 sixteenc1840 chica1843 femme1846 muffin1854 gel1857 quail1859 kitten1870 bud1880 fräulein1883 sub-debutante1887 sweet-and-twenty1887 flapper1888 jelly1889 queen1894 chick1899 pusher1902 bit of fluff1903 chicklet1905 twist and twirl1905 twist1906 head1913 sub-deb1916 tabby1916 mouse1917 tittie1918 chickie1919 wren1920 bim1922 nifty1923 quiff1923 wimp1923 bride1924 job1927 junior miss1927 hag1932 tab1932 sort1933 palone1934 brush1941 knitting1943 teenybopper1966 weeny-bopper1972 Valley Girl1982 the mind > emotion > love > a lover > [noun] > one who is loved or a sweetheart > specifically a female sweetheart or girlfriend lief971 ladya1393 ladyshipa1393 speciala1400 amiec1400 womanc1400 amoreta1425 mistressc1425 paramoura1450 fair ladya1470 girl?a1513 sooterkin1530 Tib1533 she1547 lady-love1568 jug1569 young lady1584 pigeon1592 love-lass1594 lass1596 dowsabel1612 swainling1615 lucky1629 Dulcinea1638 Lindabrides1640 inamorata1651 baby1684 best girl1691 lady friend1733 young woman1822 moll1823 querida1834 sheila1839 bint1855 tart1864 babykins1870 Dona1874 novia1874 fancy-girl1892 girlfriend1892 cliner1895 tootsy1895 dinah1898 best1904 twist and twirl1905 jane1906 kitten1908 patootie1918 meisie1919 bride1924 gf1925 jelly1931 sort1933 a bit (also piece) of homework1945 beast1946 queen1955 momma1964 mi'jita1970 her indoors1979 girlf1991 1924 A. G. Pretty et al. Gloss. Slang & Peculiar Terms A.I.F. (typescript, Austral. War Memorial Libr.) Bride, a young lady, she with whom one is seen in company. 1935 ‘G. Ingram’ Cockney Cavalcade ix. 146 ‘I must git a bride too,’ announced Patsy... Patsy, like most of his class, was eager to get a girl. 1954 R. Fabian London after Dark ii. 103 Every gang has its team of ‘brides’ or ‘chicks’, who are..captivated by the ‘glamour’ of belonging to a boy gang. 1964 Listener 31 Dec. 1053/2 This load of squaddies..ain't got any brides with them. 2. figurative. a. In Christian contexts: a person or thing regarded as symbolically betrothed to God or Christ, esp. through a mystical or spiritual union. Cf. spouse n. 2a(b), wife n. 4c. (a) A woman devoted to the Christian faith, esp. as a member of a religious order; a consecrated virgin (consecrated virgin n.); a nun.See also bride of Christ and Christ's bride at Phrases 1(b). ΚΠ OE Poenitentiale Pseudo-Egberti (Laud) ii. xix. 26 Gif hwa mynecene þe godes bryd bið gehaten him to wife nimð,..he beo..scyldig wið crist. c1225 (?c1200) St. Juliana (Bodl.) l. 264 Þe ilke liues lauerd wiste him unwemmet his brud of þe bres þet wes wallinde. 1582 G. Gifford Dialogue Papist & Protestant f. 93 A multitude of glorious Uirgins did meete the new bride, and bring her in, where she was married to Christ. 1625 F. de Tejeda Miracles Vnmasked 27 The true Iesus Christ, (and not the spouse of this Nunne, which was the Diuell) was pleased to vnmaske this bride of Iesus Christ, reputed so holy and full of charity. 1795 Manner of receiving Poor Sisters St. Clare to Clothing 25 Then the Abbess kisses the Bride, and taking off her white veil, puts on a black one, saying, Take, daughter, this sacred veil; and wear it till you come before the tribunal of the eternal Judge. 1835 Greenville (S. Carolina) Mountaineer 10 Jan. I want to live as Jesus' bride. 1960 D. Dohen Women in Wonderland xii. 200 The consecrated virgin is not an unwilling bride, but a bride who freely gives herself. 2009 Whitby (Ontario) this Week (Nexis) 2 Dec. 1 The heroine..breaks free from the cloistered convent life as the bride of Jesus. (b) The Christian church, esp. as representing the Christian faith or its adherents. Also: the Virgin Mary viewed in this way.See also bride of Christ and Christ's bride at Phrases 1(a). ΘΚΠ society > faith > sect > Christianity > person > [noun] > collective holy churchc897 churcheOE brideOE ChristendomOE Christ's churchOE Christianitya1300 motherc1300 brotherheadc1384 Peter's bargea1393 Church of Christc1400 faithfulc1400 body of Christ?1495 congregation1526 husbandry1526 Peter's ship1571 mother church1574 St. Peter's ship1678 Peter's bark1857 Peter's boat1893 priest1897 OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xxxix. 330 Crist is se clæna brydguma, and eal seo cristene gelaðung is his bryd. 1548 W. Lynne Beginning & Endynge All Popery sig. H.ii^v Whom wolde not this olde and true and faithfull declaration of the romishe & Babylonyshe bryde, bringe to conuersion & knowledge? 1611 Bible (King James) Rev. xxi. 9 I will shew thee the Bride, the Lambes wife. View more context for this quotation 1724 R. Erskine Law-death, Gospel-life 11 The Gospel-Church, including all Believers among Jews and Gentiles, is called the Bride, the Lamb's Wife. 1852 Gospel Mag. Feb. 66 The Christ of God is Jesus and his people—Jesus and his Bride—one with him from everlasting, and everlastingly one. 1920 Amer. Jrnl. Philol. 41 46 The beatific annunciation of the divine favor..was to make her indeed the virgin bride of the Lord of All and the mother of the Saviour. 2018 Lethbridge (Alberta) Herald (Nexis) 22 Sept. d3 Christ has given the means to his weak bride to proclaim salvation powerfully to the whole world. b. Something to which a person (esp. a man) is eternally bound; an object of enduring devotion, symbolically regarded as a spouse. Usually with possessive. ΚΠ 1600 T. Dekker Old Fortunatus sig. I3 To morrow should haue beene our marriage morne, But now my bride is shame, thy bridegrome scorne. 1729 H. Carey Poems (ed. 3) 205 Her Pow'r he defy'd, And vow'd his dear Bottle shou'd alone be his Bride. 1827 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Dec. 730 The youth went down to a hero's grave, With the sword, his bride. 1840 E. Cook Melaia (new ed.) 221 The ocean's my home! and my bark is my bride! 1942 J. V. Cunningham Helmsman 28 Fatigue is my bride. 2015 @Sheltyb803 30 Jan. in twitter.com (O.E.D. Archive) I'll be home for a pit stop in a few weeks but the road is my Bride. †3. A young woman; a maiden. See burd n. Obsolete.With quot. a1400 compare quot. a1400 at burd n., from a different passage in the same source.In quot. OE as part of a riddle in which the activity of a lord's daughter (apparently kneading dough) is described using overtly sexual imagery. ΘΚΠ the world > people > person > woman > [noun] wifeeOE womaneOE womanOE queanOE brideOE viragoc1000 to wifeOE burdc1225 ladyc1225 carlinec1375 stotc1386 marec1387 pigsneyc1390 fellowa1393 piecec1400 femalea1425 goddessa1450 fairc1450 womankindc1450 fellowessa1500 femininea1513 tega1529 sister?1532 minikinc1540 wyec1540 placket1547 pig's eye1553 hen?1555 ware1558 pussy?a1560 jade1560 feme1566 gentlewoman1567 mort1567 pinnacea1568 jug1569 rowen1575 tarleather1575 mumps1576 skirt1578 piga1586 rib?1590 puppy1592 smock1592 maness1594 sloy1596 Madonna1602 moll1604 periwinkle1604 Partlet1607 rib of man1609 womanship?1609 modicum1611 Gypsy1612 petticoata1616 runniona1616 birda1627 lucky1629 she-man1640 her1646 lost rib1647 uptails1671 cow1696 tittup1696 cummer17.. wife1702 she-woman1703 person1704 molly1706 fusby1707 goody1708 riding hood1718 birdie1720 faggot1722 piece of goods1727 woman body1771 she-male1776 biddy1785 bitch1785 covess1789 gin1790 pintail1792 buer1807 femme1814 bibi1816 Judy1819 a bit (also bundle) of muslin1823 wifie1823 craft1829 shickster?1834 heifer1835 mot1837 tit1837 Sitt1838 strap1842 hay-bag1851 bint1855 popsy1855 tart1864 woman's woman1868 to deliver the goods1870 chapess1871 Dona1874 girl1878 ladykind1878 mivvy1881 dudess1883 dudette1883 dudine1883 tid1888 totty1890 tootsy1895 floozy1899 dame1902 jane1906 Tom1906 frail1908 bit of stuff1909 quim1909 babe1911 broad1914 muff1914 manhole1916 number1919 rossie1922 bit1923 man's woman1928 scupper1935 split1935 rye mort1936 totsy1938 leg1939 skinny1941 Richard1950 potato1957 scow1960 wimmin1975 womyn1975 womxn1991 OE Riddle 45 3 On þæt banlease bryd grapode, hygewlonc hondum, hrægle þeahte þrindende þing þeodnes dohtor. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12922 Fæirest alre bruden [c1300 Otho mayde]..aðelest kunnen, Howeles dohter. a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 36 Y nul nout teme of brudes bryht wiþ browes broune. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 7131 Vn-to þat bride [a1400 Vesp. bride, a1400 Trin. Cambr. bruyd]..Sampson alle þe soþ he talde. 4. A man on his wedding day; a bridegroom. In later use Jamaican. Now rare.Cf. bride couple n. at Compounds 1a. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > bridegroom bridegroomOE spouse?a1300 bridec1390 grooma1616 bridesman1623 c1390 in C. Horstmann Minor Poems Vernon MS (1892) i. 111 As a Brid out of his bour Crist him-self out eode. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 50 Bryde, infra in spowse,..Spowse, mann, sponsus. Spowse, womann, sponsa. ?c1475 Catholicon Anglicum (BL Add. 15562) f. 18^v A Bryde, sponsa, sponsus. 1608 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iv. 63 Sweet Daughter deer,..Isis blesse thee and thy Bride, With golden Fruit. 1924 M. W. Beckwith Jamaica Anansi Stories 142 When dinner-time, Jack, de bride, come out an' say, ‘Frien's, we soon have dinner.’ 1946 K. Dunham Journey to Accompong xxiv. 109 I finally extracted from Mai that the husband is also ‘bride’. 5. Originally: †the dark crimson underwing moth, Catocala sponsa (family Erebidae), of northern Europe and Asia, which has greyish-brown forewings and crimson hindwings (obsolete). In later use: the related North American moth C. neogama, which has hindwings with orange and black bands. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Noctuidae > member of subfamily Catocalinae (underwing) > catocala nupta (red-underwing) red underwing1720 bride1832 wife1832 1832 J. Rennie Conspectus Butterflies & Moths Brit. 99 The Bride (C. sponsa, Ochsenheimer) appears the end of June. 1860 P. H. Gosse Romance Nat. Hist. 26 Ha! the lovely ‘bride’! If you can net her, you have a beauty. 1912 G. Stratton-Porter Moths of Limberlost ix. 230 I never have seen either a Sweetheart or Bride among museum specimens that I would have recognized without its identifying label. 1958 Prairie Schooner 32 106 The moon negates color and Bride and Sweetheart, For all their brown and gold and red, fly At night. 1998 Amer. Midland Naturalist 139 144 Lengths of forewings recovered in feeding roosts ranged from 1.3 cm for the lesser maple spanworm moth..to 4.1 cm in the bride (Catocala neogama). Phrases P1. bride of Christ (also Christ's bride): a title given to various people or things regarded as symbolically betrothed to Christ; spec. (a) the Christian Church, the community of Christian worshippers; (b) a woman devoted to the Christian faith, esp. as a member of a religious order; a consecrated virgin (consecrated virgin n.); a nun (often in plural).Originally in Christ's bride; bride of Christ is recorded from the early 16th cent. and is now the more common form. ΚΠ eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) iv. xxi. 320 Mid þy þa se lichoma þære halgan fæmnan & þære Cristes bryde [L. sponsae Christi] openre þære byrgenne wæs forð on leoht gelæded, þa wæs he gemeted..ungebrosnad. OE Ælfric Interrogationes Sigewulfi in Genesin (Corpus Cambr. 162) xxxiv, in Anglia (1884) 7 24 Of þære [sidan] arn wæter & blod to alysenne his gelaðunge, seo is gecweden Cristes bryd & clæne mæden. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 15337 Cristess hird..Iss cristess brid onn erþe. 1537 M. Coverdale tr. M. Luther Expos. Psalm xxii sig. D.iv^v Then doth the beloued bryde of Christ set her downe at hyr lordes table. a1673 T. Horton 100 Select Serm. (1679) xlviii. 447/1 Every faithful soul is Christ's Bride. 1751 R. Erskine Repose of Faith under Tree of Life 10 Thus you see how the Bride of Christ may be scorched and Sunbeaten. 1819 Patriot 4 Sept. 4/3 A throned Church cannot be the bride of Christ. 1864 tr. E. Caracciolo Mem. (ed. 2) xiii. 169 The nuns are forbidden to sleep with the door of their room shut, which shows a distrust little honourable to the brides of Christ. 1994 D. Eastman Jericho Hour ii. 25 The unfolding of God's plan regarding the completion of Christ's bride and the ultimate establishment of His kingdom on earth. 2012 J. Clarke Three Summers v. 41 Of course they were good. Hadn't Mother Evangeline told them that the Sisters were brides of Christ? P2. Proverb. happy (also blessed) is the bride the sun shines on and variants: used to express the superstition that good fortune will attend the marriage of a bride whose wedding is on a sunny day.Sometimes used in conjunction with the phrase blessed is the corpse the rain falls on at rain n.¹ Phrases 2. ΚΠ 1648 R. Herrick Hesperides sig. K Some repeat Your praise, and..others doe divine; Blest is the Bride, on whom the Sun doth shine. 1777 Hist. Miss Maria Barlowe II. lxxiii. 223 They say happy is the bride that it shines upon. Superstition, you see, is not satisfied without blazing sunshine in the midst of Winter. 1823 J. Gamble Charlton III. ii. 57 ‘Happy is the bride that the sun shines on; and blessed is the corpse that the rain rains on’; muttered he. 1889 Wellesley Prelude (Wellesley Coll., Mass.) 9 Nov. 123/2 ‘Blessed is the bride that the sun shines on,’ said the friends of Miss Soule,..rejoicing in the first bright Monday morning in weeks. 1935 H. M. Hyatt Folk-lore Adams County, Illinois 365 Happy is the bride the sun shines on, Tears for the bride the rain falls on. 2012 S. Challis Lonely Desert 11 ‘Lucky rain!’ ‘Happy the bride the sun shines on!’ I reminded him, ever the pessimist. †P3. English regional (northern). to run (also ride) for the bride-door: to participate in a race from the church at which a wedding has taken place to the bride's home, for a prize given by the bride. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > wedding festivities > [noun] > place where wedding celebrated > door of to run for the bride-door1788 1788 W. Marshall Provincialisms E. Yorks. in Rural Econ. Yorks. II. 318 ‘To run for the bride-door’, is to start for a favor given by a bride to be run for by the youth of the neighbourhood... If the distance be great, as two or three miles, it is customary to ‘ride for the bride-door’. 1855 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Yorks. Words 21 To run ‘for the bride-door’; the race for the bride's gift by young men, who wait at the church-door till the marriage ceremony is over. The prize is usually a ribbon, which is worn for the day in the hat of the winner. P4. bride-to-be n. a woman or girl who is soon to be married; (with possessive) one's fiancée; cf. to-be adj. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > betrothal > [noun] > betrothed person > woman spousessc1384 bride-to-be1829 fiancé1853 novia1874 society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > person about to be married copulativea1616 bride-to-be1829 1829 J. Strachan Walter & Emma 119 He loved and wooed the maiden fair, His blooming bride to be. 1853 E. Bulwer-Lytton My Novel II. vii. xvi. 255 There be nothing mean or sordid in the birth, habits, and education of the father of this bride to be. 1965 Observer 21 Nov. 1/4 His bride-to-be..was seriously injured in a car crash. 2000 G. K. Moffatt Blind-sided iv. 74 A bride-to-be was in her home with some members of her wedding party. P5. colloquial (originally and chiefly Australian). a. to be (also go, etc.) off like a bride's nightie: to make a hasty departure; (also) to start quickly and make good progress.Punning on various senses of off: see off adv. 2b, to be off at off adv. 1a, they're off at off adv. 1f. ΚΠ 1969 C. Bray Blossom like Rose i. 26 ‘Come on youse blokes!’ he shouted. ‘We're off like a bride's nightie!’ 1986 Canberra Times 17 Apr. (Good Times Suppl.) 1/1 One would expect most to be off like a bride's nightie, but no, many were keen to talk. 2018 Port Lincoln (Austral.) Times (Nexis) 11 Sept. Cougars..were off like a bride's nightie, scoring five in a row. b. to be (also go, etc.) up and down like a bride's nightie: to rise and fall quickly or repeatedly; to fluctuate rapidly. ΚΠ 1985 B. Humphries Traveller's Tool v. 44 The economy is up and down like a bride's nightie. 1999 Select Feb. 50/1 It's been up and down like a bride's nightie since the last album. 2008 Sun Herald (Sydney) (Nexis) 30 Nov. 6 Her weight goes up and down like a bride's nightie. Compounds In early compounds chiefly with the sense ‘of or relating to a marriage or wedding’ (see Compounds 1a). Later compounds show both this sense and the more specific sense ‘of or relating to a bride; used by or associated with a woman on the occasion of her marriage’ (see Compounds 1b). In many cases there are equivalent combinations with bridal: see bridal adj. Compounds. C1. a. Of or relating to a marriage or wedding; used at or associated with a wedding.See also bridebed n., bride cake n. 1, bride-chamber n., bride clothes n. 1, bride-cup n., bridegroom n., bridehouse n., bridelace n., bridewoman n. 1. † bride-banquet n. Obsolete a feast held in celebration of a marriage. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > meal > feast > [noun] > wedding feast marriage feast?1533 marriage dinner1552 bride-banquet1600 spouse-feast1601 marriage table1603 bridal dinnera1616 wedding-dinner1633 wedding-feast1633 wedding-supper1695 wedding-table1722 breakfast1847 wedding breakfast1850 wedding-banquet1855 society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > wedding festivities > [noun] > feast bride ale1526 marriage feast?1533 bride-banquet1600 spouse-feast1601 wedding-feast1633 wedding-banquet1855 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. xxxvi. 929 This new married man, fed fat..with daintie suppers and delicate bride bankets, is come forth (forsooth) to fight a battaile. 1633 J. Ford 'Tis Pitty shee's Whore iv. sig. G4 That marriage seldome's good, Where the bride-banquet so begins in blood. † bride-barn n. Obsolete rare a barn in which a wedding is celebrated. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > wedding festivities > [noun] > place where wedding celebrated bridal house1440 wedding-housec1440 bridehouse1550 bride-barn1652 marriage hall1924 1652 R. Brome Joviall Crew iv. ii. sig. L2^v We are mist within in the Bride-Barn among the Revell rout. bride bell n. poetic (now rare) a church bell rung at a marriage, esp. as a celebration or expression of joy. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > music, song, or bells > [noun] > bell or peal marriage-knell1693 wedding-peal1808 marriage bell1816 bride bell1839 wedding-bella1849 society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > playing instruments > bell-ringing > [noun] > at a wedding marriage-knell1693 wedding-peal1808 marriage bell1816 bride bell1839 wedding-bella1849 spurring1888 1839 E. B. Barrett Legend Brown Rosarie iii, in M. R. Mitford Findens' Tableaux 18/2 The merry bride-bell Ringeth clear through the greenwood that skirts the chapelle. 1879 F. E. Weatherly Bride Bells (sheet music) 4 Her thoughts are far away at sea, With her bonnie sailor lad, With her bonnie sailor lad. But Kling, lang, ling, She seems to hear her bride bells ring. 1994 A. Wall Curved Light v. 141 The bride bells started ringing. † bride-bowl n. Obsolete a cup or bowl from which a newly married couple, or their wedding guests, drink in celebration of the marriage; = bride-cup n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > containers for drink > drinking vessel > [noun] > wedding cup bride-cup1546 bride-bowl1605 bridal bowl1611 knitting-cupa1637 society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > wedding festivities > [noun] > feast > cup handed round bride-cup1546 bride-bowl1605 bridal bowl1611 1605 G. Chapman et al. Eastward Hoe ii. sig. B4^v My priuie Guest, lustie Quickesiluer, has drunke too deepe of the Bride-boule, but with a little sleepe he is much recouered. 1631 B. Jonson New Inne Argt. sig. ()7^v L. Beaufort..calls for his bed, and bride-bowle, to be made ready. bride boy n. now historical* and rare a young man or boy who acts as an attendant to the bride or groom at a wedding, and who performs various ceremonial duties; cf. pageboy n. 1b. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > attendant > page bride boy1614 pagea1668 pageboy1939 1614 C. Brooke in Englands Helicon (new ed.) sig. R^v Forth honour'd Groome; behold, not farre behind Your willing Bride; led by two strengthlesse Boyes. [Note] Bride Boyes. 1926 Auckland (N.Z.) Star 16 Nov. 23/5 Did they have a superstition then, I wonder, three times a brideboy never a bridegroom? 2007 G. Greer Shakespeare's Wife vi. 102 Will would have been undressed by his bride boys who would carry off his points, the ties that secured his codpiece, to keep for talismans. bride bush n. now historical a bush, bouquet, or garland associated with a wedding. N.E.D. (1884) defined this sense as: ‘a bush hung out at the (village) alehouse in honour of a wedding’. Though this interpretation also occurs frequently in modern glossaries and popular history books (cf. quot. 1985), it is not supported by contextual uses, and seems to have arisen as a result of assumptions relating to bush n.¹ 5a. See also bride stake n. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > equipment or accessories of wedding > [noun] > other equipment or accessories wedding-torcha1616 bride bush1617 wedding-cards1847 1617 W. Whately (title) A bride-bush, or a wedding sermon: compendiously describing the duties of married persons. 1631 J. Taylor Complaint of Christmas 12 His sprig of Rosemary on his head,..like a Bride-bush. 1818 H. J. Todd Johnson's Dict. Eng. Lang. at Bridal Some have asserted that the bridal is so denominated from the circumstance of the bride..selling ale on the wedding day... The word bride-bush is attributed to the same custom,..a bush at the end of a stake being once the usual sign in country places for the alehouse. 1985 J. R. Gillis For Better, for Worse iii. 98 They removed to the alehouse or the village green, where they set out signs called ‘bride stakes’ or ‘bride bushes’ to announce their wedding feast to friends, neighbors, and even passing strangers. bride couple n. rare a newly-wed couple.In quot. 2006 representing the speech of a non-native speaker of English. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > newly married couple bride couple1632 happy pair1697 1632 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Eromena ii. 41 The rare qualities of the bride-couple, being such, as (I beleeve) whosoever had searched over all the world, could not have found out such another paire. 1635 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Donzella Desterrada 172 Having lodg'd the bride-couple a-bed. 1887 Narracoorte (S. Austral.) Herald 16 June 1/7 The bride couple turned white and red and let go of hands for a moment. 2006 ‘J. Case’ Ghost Dancer xlviii. 629 ‘I'd really like to send a present.’ ‘Very nice, yes, for bride couple.’ bride day n. now historical and rare the day on which a couple are married; a wedding day. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > time of wedding > [noun] > wedding day marriage day1447 marrying day1546 wedding-daya1556 bride daya1641 big day1827 a1641 J. Webster et al. Cure for Cuckold (1661) v. sig. G3^v How can it be possible that she, unkindly left upon the Bride-day, and disappointed of those Nuptial sweets that night expected, but should take the occasion so fairly offered? 1822 W. Scott Fortunes of Nigel II. xii. 336 The bride-day, you say, is to be on the thirtieth of the instant month? 1850 E. B. Browning Poems (new ed.) II. 46 Why glads it thee, that a bride-day be By a word of woe defiled. 1994 B. Dolan Fires in Mist xxii. 223 Brigid's happiness grew as her bride day came nearer. bride-feast n. now historical a feast held in celebration of a marriage. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > wedding festivities > [noun] bridalOE bride-feast1555 wedding-cheer1599 wedding festival1795 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde ii. x. f. 88 They shall seeme to goo to bryde feastes [L. convivia..nuptialia] where all thynges are redy prepared a geynst their commynge. a1743 J. Cannon Chrons. (2010) II. 440 At last they came to Glaston & held a bride feast there to which I was invited but did not go. 1884 J. Payne tr. Bk. Thousand Nights & One Night IX. iv. 111 Since he is married to thee,..we must make thee a splendid bride-feast, that we may rejoice in thee and in my son. 1992 Vancouver Sun (Nexis) 28 Mar. e14 At the bride-feast all was merriment. † bride-kiss n. Obsolete a kiss exchanged by a newly married couple, esp. as the traditional conclusion to a wedding ceremony. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > marriage vows or bonds > [noun] > marriage or wedding bond > kiss as token of bride-kiss1682 1682 J. Norris tr. R. Waring Effigies Amoris in Eng. 6 Sometimes their souls interchangeably gliding from their eyes, take a Cursory taste of Bride-kisses at a distance. 1830 T. Carlyle tr. H. Doering in Foreign Rev. Jan. 33 Caroline..bestowed on him..the bride-kiss of her own accord. 1918 D. M. Wright Irish Heart 2 Carill spoke me fair this day For the bride-kiss of my daughter. bride-knot n. now historical and rare a knot of ribbons, a floral decoration, or a similar ornament worn by wedding guests or members of the bridal party. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > equipment or accessories of wedding > [noun] > emblem or favour rosemary1559 wedding-favour1681 bride-knot1694 bridal favour1756 orange blossomc1835 1694 N. H. Ladies Dict. 504/1 Nor was he slow in furnishing the Bride-knots and Favours. 1792 P. Thicknesse Let. to C. Bonner 11 When the late Duke of St. Albans was married, he sent one bride knot to his uncle Lord George Beauclerck. 1830 A. E. Bray Fitz of Fitz-ford III. iii. 47 The numerous guests of Glanville, attired in new and rich dresses, each wearing his ‘bride knot of many colours’. 2000 K. Sturtevant At Sign of Star 44 I was teased and twirled and given gloves and ribbons and bride-knots to wear. † bride-people n. Obsolete rare the bride and groom with their entourage; the bridal party. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > wedding group or party weddinger1802 bride-people1816 wedding group1861 wedding party1873 1816 J. Austen Emma I. i. 3 The wedding over and the bride-people gone, her father and herself were left to dine together. View more context for this quotation 1876 R. Broughton Joan III. xxxii. 25 The day finally decided upon for her departure is—oh, irony of destiny!—the one after that fixed for the bridepeople's return, and the fancy ball which is to grace it. bride ring n. rare a wedding ring, esp. that worn by the bride.With the sense ‘a wedding ring worn by a bride’, cf. Compounds 1b. [Compare earlier bridal ring n. at bridal adj. Compounds.] ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > marriage vows or bonds > [noun] > marriage or wedding bond > ring as token of wedding-ringc1386 marrying ring1504 marriage ring1568 band1671 bridal ring1717 bride ring1810 church-ring1856 wedding band1946 1810 A. Cunningham in R. H. Cromek & A. Cunningham Remains Nithsdale & Galloway Song 242 She took the bride ring frae his finger An' threw it in the sea; ‘That hand shall mense nae ither ring But wi' the will o' me.’ 1848 C. Kingsley Yeast in Fraser's Mag. Nov. 541/1 Where is your bride-ring, my fair maid? 1989 N. Crenshaw Edin's Embrace xxviii. 428 Jennie was as cheerful as always.., exclaiming over Edin's bride ring. bride-sheet n. now historical and rare a bed sheet used by a newly married couple.Often with reference to the practice of ascertaining a bride’s virginity by inspecting the bed sheets for bloodstains after the wedding night. ΚΠ ?1775 Fortune-hunter v. 68 White Laun Bride-Sheets, with a Crimson Velvet Bed. 1930 T. S. Eliot tr. ‘St.-J. Perse’ Anabasis 63 Loud acclamations..for the publication of the bride-sheets! 1981 P. Hill Place of Ravens iii. 33 Dame Joan came with Elizabeth to examine the bride-sheets. They found blood on them. bride-sleep n. poetic rare a state of blissful languor following sexual intercourse. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > time after marriage > [noun] > bed > sleep on bride-sleep1870 1870 D. G. Rossetti Poems 34 He may..curse the day when the bride-sleep took him. 1917 Poetry Sept. 304 Drowsed and murmurous she lies In the bride-sleep, the deep bliss After some exalted kiss. 1990 D. Walcott Omeros vii. 42 Her forehead glazed with the sweat Of the bride-sleep that soothed Adam in paradise, Before it gaped into a wound. bride-song n. now historical a song sung in celebration of a wedding; spec. (in early use) a nuptial song or poem praising the bride and bridegroom and praying for their prosperity; = epithalamium n. [With the early use compare Middle Low German brūtsanc , Old High German brūtisang , and also Old English brȳdlēoþ , in the same sense (compare leoth n.).] ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > music, song, or bells > [noun] > song bride-songOE marriage song1582 bedding ballad1589 epithalamy1589 epithalamium1595 prothalamion1597 wedding-song1598 Hymen1613 hymenean1667 hymeneal1717 marriage lay1728 society > faith > worship > church music > hymn > kinds of hymn > wedding > [noun] bride-songOE Hymen1613 hymenean1667 hymeneal1717 society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > vocal music > types of song > [noun] > wedding song bride-songOE marriage song1582 bedding ballad1589 epithalamy1589 epithalamium1595 prothalamion1597 wedding-song1598 Hymen1613 hymenean1667 hymeneal1717 marriage lay1728 OE Antwerp-London Gloss. (2011) 68 Ymeneus, brydsang uel epitalamium. 1587 Sir P. Sidney & A. Golding tr. P. de Mornay Trewnesse Christian Relig. xxiv. 425 For Brydesongs, they bee not wanting. 1629 J. Ford Lovers Melancholy v. 86 Sorrowes are chang'd to Bride-songs. 1894 C. W. Johnson in H. B. Carrington Beacon Lights of Patriotism iii. 98 Behind them join a glad procession of dear friends, With rustic band, chanting in unison, o'er and o'er, A sweet, sad bride-song. 2000 H. Smith Highland Princess xv. 213 Becan began to sing a bride-song, and the more musical of the family joined in with lute and pipes. † bride squire n. Obsolete rare a man chosen to act as an attendant at a wedding and to perform various ceremonial duties; = bridesman n. 1.In quot. a1843 with reference to quot. a1637. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > attendant > groomsman bridesman1555 bride squirea1637 groomsman1698 best man1782 a1637 B. Jonson Kings Entertainm. at Welbeck sig. Oo3^v in Wks. (1640) III The two Bride Squires, the Cake-bearer, and the Boll-bearer, were in two yellow leather Doublets. a1843 R. Southey Common-place Bk. (1850) 3rd Ser. 27/2 Cake bearer and bowl bearer,—the bride squires performed these offices at a country wedding. bride stake n. historical (apparently) a pole formerly used at or associated with a wedding.The only contextual evidence for this word occurs in the genitive form as brides-stake (cf. brides-stake n. at Compounds 2), where the meaning is unclear. Assertions in modern popular history books (cf. later quots.) that a pole called a bride stake was used for dancing or to advertise a wedding seem to be based on Johnson's conjectural interpretation of quot. a1637 for brides-stake n. at Compounds 2 and similar speculations associated with bride bush (cf. bride bush n.). ΚΠ 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Bridestake, it seems to be a post set in the ground, to dance round, like a maypole. 1869 E. J. Wood Wedding Day ix. 193 ‘Bride bushes’ and ‘bride stakes’, obtained their names..from a bush at the end of a stake or pole being the ancient sign of the country ale-houses, around which pole the guests used to dance. 1985 J. R. Gillis For Better, for Worse i. iii. 98 They set out signs called ‘bride stakes’ or ‘bride bushes’ to announce their wedding feast to friends, neighbors, and even passing strangers. bride-wife n. a bride or newly married woman. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > bride brideOE spousessc1384 espousee1480 bridewoman1530 bride-wife1567 espousess1597 novia1874 makoti1949 1567 G. Turberville tr. Ovid Heroycall Epist. f. 51 Ne didst thou cause a marriage bed for bridewife to be drest. 1625 T. Godwin Moses & Aaron vi. iv. 287 The wedding ring, giuen vnto the Bridewife, had this inscription or posie, Mazaltob. 1865 New Haven (Connecticut) Daily Palladium 14 Nov. Whether the bride wife was more pained than pleased at the unexpected return of her first liege lord, I will not undertake to conjecture. 1925 Adelong & Tumut (Austral.) Express 20 Nov. 1/4 ‘Look, look, Reu, isn't that just too lovely for words?’ cried Alcie, the bridewife of a week, darting from the door of the sacristan's little cottage parlor. 1988 H. Herbst Chocolate Mouse iv. 121 Here she is,..dreaming great dreams of her future as Agnes Moira O'Hare, bride-wife, risen like the phoenix to a new life, never again Agnes O'Connell, widow. b. Of or relating to a bride; used by or associated with a woman on the occasion of her marriage; often denoting specific historical or cultural customs or practices.See also bride clothes n. 2, bridewain n., bridewoman n. 2. bride abduction n. the action or an act of kidnapping a woman as a means of obtaining a wife; cf. bride capture n. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > [noun] > manner of marrying > bride capture bride capture1869 bride abduction1879 1879 Mission Life July 314 The hill Kois..still practise to a more or less extent ‘bride abduction’, but peaceful marriage negotiations are beginning to be more prevalent amongst them. 1937 R. H. Lowie Hist. Ethnol. Theory v. 46 There is nothing to show that it [sc. exogamy] regularly accompanies bride-abduction. 2005 K. Farr Sex Trafficking v. 137 Jinlian was the victim of a bride abduction, sold into a new life from which she could not escape. bride belt n. chiefly historical a girdle, esp. one worn by a bride as a symbol of chastity in ancient Greece or Rome; = cestus n.¹ ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > belt or sash > types of > worn by specific people abnet1602 bride belt1606 posting belt1737 obi1872 waist-torque1891 1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iii. 99 Thou wed a Wife, another 'fore thy face Shall lose her Bride-belt [Fr. ceste]. a1693 C. Blount tr. Lucian in T. Ferne et al. tr. Lucian Wks. (1711) I. 262 On the Head she beareth Beams and a Tower, together with a Cestus, or Bride-belt [Gk. κεστὸν], wherewith they used to adorn none but the Celestial Venus. 1904 Museums Jrnl. Oct. 130 Among them one notices some beautiful carved distaff heads, an upright loom of ancient type, a bride-belt and a bride-book with silver ornaments. 2011 D. J. McIntosh Witch of Babylon ii. 21 A bride belt of hammer-beaten silver from the Ottoman period in Anatolia. bride burning n. the killing of a newly married woman by burning, esp. as a punishment for an inadequate or unpaid dowry; (also) an instance of this.Chiefly with reference to crimes committed in India and Pakistan. ΚΠ 1979 Appeal-Democrat (Marysville–Yuba City, Calif.) 4 June b10/1 (caption) Women protest bride burning—Indian women demonstrated outside the home of a family in New Delhi that has been accused of killing a bride because they were unsatisfied with her dowry. 1990 E. Bumiller May you be Mother of Hundred Sons iii. 47 It was not until the late 1970s that the terms ‘bride burning’ and ‘dowry death’ came into use in India, when a handful of feminists began protesting against the occasional case that became known to the public. 2009 N.Y. Times Mag. 23 Aug. 33/2 In India, a ‘bride burning’ takes place approximately once every two hours, to punish a woman for an inadequate dowry or to eliminate her so a man can remarry. bride capture n. the action of kidnapping a woman as a means of obtaining a wife; cf. bride abduction n. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > [noun] > manner of marrying > bride capture bride capture1869 bride abduction1879 1869 Contemp. Rev. Sept. 154 Traces, however, of ‘bride-capture’ do certainly still exist. 1937 C. M. Arensberg Irish Countryman iii. 106 A last remnant of a primeval bride-capture. 1999 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. 5 64 Makuna speak of bride capture as theft or as a hunt. bride-elect n. a woman who is engaged to be married; a prospective bride.Cf. bridegroom-elect n. at bridegroom n. Compounds 2. ΚΠ 1700 T. Brown et al. tr. P. Scarron Novels iii. 60 in tr. P. Scarron Whole Comical Wks. He was within an Ace of leaving his Bride Elect in the lurch to run after this unknown fair. 1806 C. Wilmot Let. 21 Oct. in M. Wilmot & C. Wilmot Russ. Jrnls. (1934) ii. 239 The Bride elect dissolved in tears. 2017 Chicago Daily Herald (Nexis) 9 Aug. 6 The engagement of Miss Linda Brock to James Greenwood has been announced by the bride-elect's parents. bride-leader n. rare a person chosen to act as the attendant to the bride at a wedding and to perform various ceremonial duties, esp. in leading the bride (and sometimes her entourage) to the bridegroom.In most cultures, a bride-leader is male (cf. bridesman n. 1), but mature married women may perform this role in some places (cf. quot. 1854).In later use chiefly with reference to the customs of Central and Northern Europe. [With the later uses compare e.g. Swedish brudledare (17th cent.), and also German Brautführer (16th cent.), Swedish brudförare, brudförerska (17th cent.).] ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > one who brings or gives away bride bride-leader1552 father1600 despouser1635 nuptial father1748 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Bryde leader, pronubus. 1718 Mock Epithalamium upon Fictitious Marriage Pretender 15 Jupiter's cup-bearer..wou'd be made one of the Bride-leaders to the Lady. 1854 H. Newland Forest Scenes Norway & Sweden xxviii. 399 The bride-leaders, married women, who are supposed to encourage the brides during the ceremony. 1951 A. Stifter tr. in Folklore 62 460 We stood up..and went out, following the Bride-leader, along the road leading to God's House. † bride-lifter n. Obsolete rare a male attendant at a wedding who lifts the bride into a vehicle or over a barrier as part of a local custom. [In quot. 1865 after North Frisian (Sylt) brid-lefter.] ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > bride-lifter bride-lifter1865 1865 J. F. McLennan Primitive Marriage ii. 33 A young fellow, called the bride-lifter, lifts the bride..upon the waggon. 1902 Folk-lore 13 229 The bride-groom leaped lightly over [the ‘Petten Stone’] after her, and dropped a coin into the hand of one of the ‘bride-lifters’. bride-lifting n. rare abduction of a bride; esp. the practice of abducting women for the purpose of marriage. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > [noun] > manner of marrying > bride-lifting bride-lifting1865 1865 Dublin Univ. Mag. June 712/1 On the evening of the wedding day, Guenevere..was surprised by some villains lying in wait behind a thicket. They were carrying her off..when Merlin..pounced on them and deprived them of all wish or power for any future bride-lifting. 1883 E. F. Im Thurn Among Indians of Guiana vii. 186 Such a system of ‘bride-lifting’ is obviously opposed to that of marriage by families. 1940 O. F. Raum Chaga Childhood iv. vii. 282 The use of bows and arrows, and the elaboration of the exceptional bride-lifting into a general symbol of marriage, are apparently handed down from one generation of children to the other. bride money n. a sum of money or quantity of goods given by the groom or his family to that of the bride.Cf. bride price n. and bride wealth n.Historically, the custom of paying bride money was a feature of numerous cultures. It continues today in parts of Africa, Asia, and the Middle East, and in some South Pacific Island societies. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [noun] > for bride bride money1829 bride price1863 bride wealth1931 1829 Foreign Q. Rev. Apr. 117 The sister of the giant now comes in, and after northern fashion claims bride-money. 1926 D. H. Lawrence David x. 71 Is Merab not worth the bride-money? 1974 S. Velayudhan tr. C. N. Sreekantan Nair in Bhavan's Jrnl. 14 Apr. 34/1 Wasn't it by offering the country as bride-money that Dasaratha got your hand in marriage? 2003 I. Christophersen tr. Å. Seierstad Bookseller of Kabul 14 The bride money would solve many of her family's problems. † bride-mother n. Obsolete a mature woman chosen to act as an attendant to the bride at a wedding; cf. matron of honour n. at matron n. 1e. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > one acting part of bride's mother bride-mother1566 1566 T. Becon New Postil i. f. 92^v The Euangelist maketh speciall mention, that Iesus mother was presente also, peraduenture she was the bride mother in the mariage. 1712 London Gaz. No. 4987/1 The Empress Dowager with the Vice-Admiral's Lady, were the Bride-Mothers. 1885 Outing May 223/2 There then being no Countess L——, he chose from among his lady friends my hostess to act as bride-mother. bride price n. a sum of money or quantity of goods given by the groom or his family to that of the bride.Cf. bride money n. and bride wealth n.Historically, the custom of paying a bride price was a feature of numerous cultures. It continues today in parts of Africa, Asia, and the Middle East, and in some South Pacific Island societies. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [noun] > for bride bride money1829 bride price1863 bride wealth1931 society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > gifts and payments > [noun] > bride-price dower1382 dowry?a1505 marriage paymenta1652 bride price1863 mohar1863 lobola1905 bride wealth1931 kiddushin1936 1863 H. O'Neill Fine Arts & Civilization Anc. Ireland 438/2 The tribes of Central Asia still decorate their unmarried women in this way [sc. with strings of little bells], perhaps partly in order that their whereabouts should always be known from the sound, lest they steal away to lovers who come with no bride-price in their hands. 1876 K. E. Digby Introd. Hist. Law Real Prop. (ed. 2) iii. 113 By early Teutonic custom, besides the bride-price, or price paid by the intending husband to the family of the bride, it seems to have been usual for the husband to make gifts of land or chattels to the bride herself. 1963 W. Soyinka Lion & Jewel 7 But I tell you, Lakunle, I must have the full bride-price. 2006 C. N. Adichie Half Yellow Sun (2007) iii. 69 We don't have dowries, we have bride prices. bride purchase n. something given as a bride price; (also) the act of exchanging money or goods for a bride, or the social system in which this occurs. [With reference to the ancient Germanic peoples (compare quot. a1860, and also quot. 1876 for bride price n.) compare Old Icelandic brúðkaup marriage, wedding feast, lit. ‘bride buying’, and Old English use of bycgan buy v. with reference to the payment of a bride price (in two early law codes).] ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > [noun] > manner of marrying > bride-purchase bride purchasea1860 wife-purchase1862 lobola1897 a1860 T. Smith Arminius (1861) ii. v. 316 Hermanfried, one of the Thuringian kings..had presented to the Ostrogoth, apparently as bride-purchase, a number of white Thuringian horses. 1936 Anthropos 31 622 There is no bride purchase but a mutual exchange of gifts. 2004 C. McCarthy Marriage in Medieval Eng. ii. 52 ‘Bride purchase’..implies a patriarchal society where women are given by fathers to husbands, with the payment of money marking the transfer of authority. brideservice n. labour performed by a prospective groom or newly-wed husband for the family of the bride.Brideservice is practised in parts of Africa and by some indigenous peoples of the Americas, esp. where there is limited ownership of private property. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > [noun] > manner of marrying > bride-purchase > by labour brideservice1920 1920 R. H. Lowie Primitive Society viii. 200 If the Chukchi had conceived woman as a purchasable commodity, they would have substituted reindeer for bride-service. 1978 J.-P. Dumont Headman & I vii. 113 A year or two later, Marquito had finished his bride-service to Rufo.., and any further obligation was obviated by his father-in-law's opportune death. 2012 Afr. Stud. Rev. 55 102 More common among peasant farmers was the exchange of brideservice, or gifts of hoes, goats, or other small items that did not require a counter-gift. bride ship n. now historical a ship carrying recent or prospective brides of men who have moved abroad, as servicemen, colonists, etc. ΚΠ 1913 Hopkinsville Kentuckian 9 Sept. 1/1 A ‘bride ship’ arrived at Philadelphia Saturday, 13 immigrant girls being met at the landing by their lovers and all were married in short order. 1946 Daily Mail 11 June 3/5 An inquiry into the deaths of babies in the mystery epidemics on the bride-ships last month. 2011 Australasian Hist. Archaeol. 29 54/1 In 1855..five single women from ‘Bride ships’ were also recorded to have arrived at Lynton. bride wealth n. a sum of money or quantity of goods given by the groom or his family to that of the bride.Cf. bride money n. and bride price n.Historically, the custom of paying bride wealth was a feature of numerous cultures. It continues today in parts of Africa, Asia, and the Middle East, and in some South Pacific Island societies. [Coined for the purposes of academic discussion by E. E. Evans-Pritchard (see quot. 1931).] ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [noun] > for bride bride money1829 bride price1863 bride wealth1931 society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > gifts and payments > [noun] > bride-price dower1382 dowry?a1505 marriage paymenta1652 bride price1863 mohar1863 lobola1905 bride wealth1931 kiddushin1936 1931 E. E. Evans-Pritchard in Man 31 36 There has been a considerable amount of discussion..about an alternative expression for ‘bride-price’... I may be excused for putting forward the term ‘bride-wealth’. 1965 K. E. Read High Valley ii. 78 I gathered that my ‘brother-in-law’ expected me to contribute three axes and four steel knives to the bride wealth of Guma'e. 2018 K. Sykes in C. Gregory & J. Altman Quest for Good Life in Precarious Times vi. 120 Many tales are told of trucks and household appliances being given as one-off payments of bride wealth. † bride-weed n. Obsolete a bride's dress or veil. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > equipment or accessories of wedding > [noun] > wedding garment(s) > veil power1526 bride-weed1854 the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > dress, robe, or gown > types of > for specific people > bride wedding-gown1439 wedding-dress1801 bride-weed1854 1854 S. T. Dobell Balder xxiii. 123 The mist is as a brideweed on the moon. 1861 G. W. Dasent tr. Thorr's Hunt for Hammer in Once a Week 26 Jan. 127/2 Me will ye Asa-kin Craven heart call, If o'er my body These bride-weeds ye bind. † bride-widowing adj. poetic Obsolete rare (of a weapon) that kills men, and hence makes widows of their wives. ΚΠ 1818 L. Hunt in Lit. Pocket-bk. 1819 217 The bride-widowing sword. bridewort n. (originally) meadowsweet, Filipendula ulmaria, which has clusters of creamy-white flowers; (in later use also) any of several plants of the genus Spiraea, family Rosaceae (cf. bridal wreath n. 2a). F. ulmaria was previously included in the genus Spiraea. [Apparently so called with reference to its similarity to elements of bridal dress.] ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > rosaceous plants > [noun] > meadow-sweet or dropwort meadworteOE meadsweeta1400 bridewort?a1450 meadowsweet1530 filipendula1548 goat's beard?1550 dropwort1597 queen of the meadow1597 mock-willow1633 meadow queena1637 queen of the prairie1852 honey-sweet1880 ?a1450 Agnus Castus (Stockh.) (1950) 202 (MED) Regina prati is an herbe þat me clepuþ medsowte or medwort or brydwort..he haþ a whit flour..þer buþ twey spyces. 1597 J. Gerard Herball App. sig. Fffff3 Bridwoort, that is Vlmaria. 1761 Gentleman's Mag. Feb. 87/1 By procuring her Matchwort or Bridewort to renovate the Sattin bloom of her Cherry cheeks. 1863 R. C. A. Prior On Pop. Names Brit. Plants 29 Bridewort, from its resemblance to the white feathers worn by brides, Spiræa ulmaria. 1917 Country Life 23 June 4/1 Some made the beer from the bridewort..without sugar at all. 2004 R. Lance Woody Plants S.E. U.S. 338 Spiraea salicifolia L. bridewort. C2. Compounds with bride's or brides'.See also bride's cake at bride cake n. 2, bride's laces n., bridesmaid n., bridesmaiden n., bridesman n. bride's biscuit n. U.S. (a) a small, round cake made by a bride; used in similes with reference to something that is heavy, hard, dry, flat, or unpalatable; (b) a type of small, round cake which is easy to make and in which both yeast and baking powder are used as raising agents. [Apparently so called because a newly married woman was not traditionally expected to have good housekeeping skills.] ΚΠ 1893 Indiana (Pa.) Democrat 9 Nov. (headline) Heavier than bride's biscuit. 1958 D. Gringhuis Eagle Pine xxiii. 156 That night the ground froze harder than a bride's biscuit. 2014 A. Kane United States of Bread 98 The biscuits are called Bride's Biscuits because even a newlywed, who may lack capability and confidence in the kitchen, can still bake a biscuit that's a mile high. bride's bonnet n. North American a perennial woodland plant of western North America, Clintonia uniflora (family Liliaceae), bearing a single white flower likened to a bonnet. ΚΠ 1911 W. L. Jepson Flora Western Middle Calif. (ed. 2) 108 Bride's Bonnet. Flowers 1 or 2, white, ¾ in. long.—Sierra Nevada. 1976 M. Durant Who named Daisy? Who named Rose? 42 A rare single-flowered clintonia, found at three thousand to six thousand feet in the Sierras and north in British Columbia, has two pretty nicknames—queen's cup and bride's bonnet. 2000 M. Grossi Longstreet Highroad Guide to Calif. Sierra Nevada 277 Along this trail, hikers are likely to encounter herbaceous species such as Hartweg's ginger (Asarum hartwegii), bride's bonnet (Clintonia uniflora), and rattlesnake orchid. bridesboy n. a young man or boy who acts as an attendant to the bride or groom at a wedding, and who performs various ceremonial duties.Cf. earlier bride boy n. at Compounds 1a. ΚΠ 1805 F. W. B. tr. J. Lavallée Cassas's Trav. Istria & Dalmatia i. 15 On the day of the wedding the young couple do not eat together:—the woman sits at a private table with her two diveri, or brides-boys, and the stachez, or lieutenant. 1935 H. W. Sykes Second Hoeing 60 Next came the three bride's girls, marching in clashing colors of bright green with ruffles, pink with white lace, and purple with black, each beside a bride's boy. 2000 Herald Sun (Melbourne) (Nexis) 30 Dec. 93 Forget about bridesmaids, Mindy waltzed down the aisle with four bridesboys. bridesgirl n. Newfoundland rare a bridesmaid. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [noun] > attendant > bridesmaid waiter1537 bridesmaid1552 bridesmaiden1634 bridewoman1649 best maid1766 maid of honour1895 bridesgirl1905 1905 Western Star (Newfoundland) 8 Mar. Dancing commenced, the first set being led off by bride and groom, with bridesgirl and bridesboy as vis-a-vis. 2006 J. Stone Four Steps to Altar xxxviii. 266 The hectic fittings and first rehearsal of the bridesgirls and the groomsboys..was complete. bride's knot n. a knot of ribbons, a floral decoration, or a similar ornament worn at a wedding.Cf. earlier bride-knot n. at Compounds 1a. ΚΠ 1813 G. Bruce Poems, Ballads, & Songs 62 Whar are ye gaun, sweet lass, this gaet, Gin ane may at ye spier, now; A' busket out sae clean, an' neat, Bride's knots, an' sic like gear, now? 1841 Lady Eastlake Resid. Shores Baltic I. xii. 266 We..were received at the door by four..bachelors selected from the mutual families, each with a white bride's knot round his arm. 1992 N. Freedman Seventh Stone 36 Her face was painted in the traditional white, her hair piled high in an elaborate coiffure and crowned in a bride's knot. bride's room n. = bridal chamber n. at bridal adj. Compounds; (in later use also) a dressing room in which a bride prepares for her wedding. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > time after marriage > [noun] > wedding night > chamber bridehouseOE genius chamber1513 spousing1513 bride-chamber?1533 wedding-chamber1552 marriage chamber1560 bridal chamber1594 bride's room?1690 marriage-bower1769 bridal suite1853 ?1690 Pleasant Hist. Tom Ladle ii. 9 Giving slip to the company, he got the opportunity to be led into the Brides Room; who pretending not to be well, was laid down. 1865 Harper's New Monthly Mag. Sept. 436/1 The large candles which were transferred to the bride's room from the reception-room at the close of the ceremony of ‘worshiping heaven and earth’, are permitted to burn all day and unto the evening, if they will. 1975 Man 10 599 On the wedding night, the groom's maama pushes the groom into the bride's room and on the following morning inspects the sheets for evidence of the bride's virginity. 2006 J. Livingston Colorado Weddings vii. 117 Shelley stood in front of the triple mirror in the bride's room at their church, gazing at her reflection. † brides-stake n. Obsolete (apparently) a pole used at or associated with a wedding.Quot. a1637 has been interpreted as signifying a pole around which wedding guests would dance. See quots. and discussion at bride stake n. at Compounds 1a. ΚΠ a1637 B. Jonson Kings Entertainm. at Welbeck sig. Oo3^v in Wks. (1640) III Trol about the Bride-all Boll, And divide the broad Bride-Cake Round about the Brides-stake. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). briden.² Brit. /brʌɪd/, U.S. /braɪd/ Forms: late Middle English bridde, late Middle English– bride. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French bride. Etymology: < Middle French, French bride bridle (13th cent. in Old French), tie to hold in place a hat, bonnet, etc. (1606), supposed part of a smallpox pustule (1825 or earlier), apparently < a word in a Germanic language, probably either Middle High German brīdel or (perhaps) its cognate early Middle English bridel bridle n. Compare earlier bridle n.Compare ( < French) Old Occitan brida (15th cent.), Catalan brida (14th cent.), Spanish brida (15th cent.), Portuguese brida (15th cent.), Italian brida (16th cent.). †1. A bridle, a rein. Also in extended use. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > restraint or restraining > [noun] > means of restraint or restraining force bridleeOE bridea1425 restraint1523 aweband1531 bit1546 retentive1580 control1594 curb1613 hank1613 constriction1650 retinue1651 check1661 spigot1780 brake1875 way-chain1884 tab1889 inhibitor1902 check-cord1908 iron maiden1912 inhibition1932 the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > horse-gear > [noun] > reins rein1297 bridle reina1382 bridea1425 linkc1450 leading-rein1483 quinsell1598 bearing rein1790 bridoon rein1795 check-reina1809 ribbon1813 ribands1815 bit-rein1833 check-piece1833 nose-rein1844 lines1852 reinage1863 check1868 overdraw1870 single line1875 overcheck1963 a1425 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Linc. Inn) (1952) l. 6343 How loue heom ladde by strong bride. a1475 Asneth l. 173 in Jrnl. Eng. & Germanic Philol. (1910) 9 234 (MED) Foure stronge stoute stedis..Þe briddes were fineli gild, the trais of noble atire. 2. In plural. On a bonnet or hat: ribbons or streamers which can be tied together under the chin. Now historical and rare. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > parts of headgear > [noun] > strap or tie-string string1564 stay1601 chin-stay1699 kissing-strings1705 throatlatch1727 bonnet1817 brides1829 hat guard1839 chin-strap1864 1829 Ackermann's Repository Fashions Mar. 19 The riband is extremely broad, and of gauze striped with pink and blue, and the brides which are very long, hang loose. 1869 Latest News 3 Oct. 5 One [bonnet]..is very pretty made of velvet and black lace; black or white tulle brides. 1913 Woman's Home Compan. Oct. 54/3 These small hats are often apparently held on the head with the now popular brides, which are worn under the chin and fasten to the hat back of the ears. 1937 C. W. Cunnington Eng. Women's Clothing 19th Cent. iii. 101 Band of ribbon round the crown and small bow behind; brides of broad gauze ribbon. †3. Medicine. A (supposed) fibrous network in the centre of a developing smallpox pustule. Cf. bridle n. 4b. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > [noun] > wound > substances preventing healing sitfast1824 bridea1836 a1836 R. Williams Medicine in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) VII. 739/2 When the maturation [of the pustule in small-pox] is complete the ‘bride’..ruptures. 1890 A. W. Blyth Man. Public Health xxvi. 367 When the vesicle becomes wholly purulent the ‘bride’, which bound down the centre of the vesicles, ruptures. 4. In plural. Delicate threads connecting the patterns in certain kinds of lace.Quot. 1864 is from a review of the work cited in quot. 1865. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric manufactured in specific way > [noun] > consisting of loops or looped stitches > lace > pattern > network which connects patterns bar1852 brides1864 leg1864 1864 Athenæum 24 Dec. 851/3 These connecting threads were called, in English, ‘Pearl-ties’ and ‘Cockscombs’;..the French called them ‘Brides’. 1865 F. B. Palliser Hist. Lace iii. 35 In some [guipures], the bold flowing patterns are united by brides; in others, by a coarse réseau. 1884 Mag. Art Jan. 67/2 The delicate beauty of its white knots lightly held together by cobwebby ‘brides’. 1982 P. Earnshaw Dict. Lace 156 Bars or brides with little loops or picots..were made by the yard and used for joining the Honiton sprigs. 2006 G. Campbell Grove Encycl. Decorative Arts II. 104/1 Baroque floral scrolls with individual motifs either linked by brides or, in particularly dense designs, linked directly to each other. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021). bridev.¹ Brit. /brʌɪd/, U.S. /braɪd/ Forms: see bride n.¹; also past participle Old English gebrydod, Old English gebrydad. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: bride n.¹ Etymology: < bride n.¹In Old English only passive uses of the prefixed past participle gebrȳdod are attested; it is unclear whether these forms represent a prefixed or an unprefixed verb, i.e. brȳdian or gebrȳdian, neither of which is otherwise attested. Apparently re-formed in the 16th cent. 1. transitive. To marry (a woman). Also intransitive. In later use chiefly archaic or regional.In Old English in passive with dative of the person to whom the woman is married. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > action or fact of marrying > marry [verb (intransitive)] > of a man to wed (a woman) to wifea1000 brideOE i-wivec1000 wiveOE to wed (a) wife1297 to lead (a bride) to the altar, to church1530 to wive it1583 society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > action or fact of marrying > marry [verb (transitive)] > a woman weda1000 brideOE spousec1300 wed to warisonc1330 to take to matrimonyc1400 wivec1425 to make (a woman) an honest woman1562 OE Old Eng. Martyrol. (Julius) 23 July (2013) 122 Seo [i.e. Æðeldryþ] wæs twam werum gebrydod... Ærest heo wæs gebrydad Tondberhte.., ond æfter þæm heo wæs seald Ecgferðe to cwene. 1601 A. Munday & H. Chettle Death Earle of Huntington sig. B2^v He..will not bed, forsooth, before he bride. a1658 J. Cleveland Clievelandi Vindiciæ (1677) 92 This Wench he fain would have Brided. 1847 Blackwood's Lady's Mag. Feb. 72 It is a general observation, that those who have passed ‘a certain age’ without being brided, are either remarkably benevolent, urbane, and fascinating in their manners, or decidedly the reverse. 1940 Amer. Speech 15 52 When're ye a-goin' to bride her. 1996 M. Francis Summon Spirit's Cry 106 Marvel more that He has brided me. †2. intransitive. Of a woman or girl: to act or behave as a bride. Also transitive with it. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > wedding or nuptials > people connected with wedding > [verb (intransitive)] > act as bride bride1530 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement iii. f. clxxiiii/1 This mayde brideth very well, ceste pucelle fait lespousée tresbien. a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) iii. iii. 123 Shall sweet Bianca practise how to bride it? View more context for this quotation a1652 R. Brome Eng. Moor i. iii. 12 in Five New Playes (1659) Would you have brided it so lumpishly With your spruce younker. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † bridev.² Origin: Of unknown origin. Etymology: Origin unknown. Perhaps compare bride n.² or bride v.¹ 2. Obsolete. intransitive. To act in an affected manner; to mince. Also transitive with it. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > affected behaviour or affectation > be affected or act affectedly [verb (intransitive)] to make it goodlyc1325 bride?1533 affect1600 mimp1673 to give oneself airs1701 fal-lal1818 pose1840 posturize1850 attitudinize1864 primp1875 posture1877 lardy-dardy1887 to put (or pile) on lugs1889 la-di-da1901 profile1970 ?1533 G. Du Wes Introductorie for to lerne Frenche sig. I.i^v/1 To bride, nidger. 1592 T. Nashe Strange Newes sig. L3 He brides it and simpers it out a crie. 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Cincischiare, to minse it or bride it in eating or speaking. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2019; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < n.¹eOEn.²a1425v.¹OEv.²?1533
随便看	harrington coat harrington jacket harringtonite harris harrisbuck harrisite harro harrogate harrogate toffee harrogate water harrohen harrovian harrow harrow drive harrow hell harrow in harrow over harrow-beam harrow-bull harrow-cultivator harrow-maker harrow-man harrow-pin harrow-shaped harrow-sled

briden.1

Phrases

Compounds

briden.2

bridev.1

† bridev.2

briden.¹

briden.²

bridev.¹

† bridev.²