brothn.

/brɒθ/

/brɔːθ/

Forms: Old English–Middle English broþ, Middle English–1500s brothe, 1500s–1700s broath, 1600s broathe, Middle English– broth.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Common Germanic: Old English broþ = Old High German brod , prod , Old Norse broð < Old Germanic broþo(m) , < verb-root brū- to prepare by boiling, make a decoction: see brew v. (Compare French bouillon broth, < bouillir to boil.) The Old High German word was adopted in Romanic, giving medieval Latin brodum , brodium , Italian brodo , Spanish brodio , Portuguese brodio , Provençal bro , Old French bro , breu , whence broet , browet n., brewis n. Irish broth, Gaelic brot, are from English.

a. The liquid in which anything has been boiled, and which is impregnated with its juice; a decoction; esp. that in which meat is boiled or macerated; also a thin soup made from this with the addition of vegetables, pearl barley, rice, etc., as Scottish ‘broth’.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > substances for food preparation > [noun] > stock or liquor

brotha1000

browisa1300

decoction1398

browet1399

juicea1425

liquorc1430

brooc1440

breea1475

brewis1526

decoct1551

gammon essence1706

stock1730

pot-liquor1742

white stock1806

poêlée1824

blanc1845

fond1928

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > soup or pottage > [noun]

brotha1000

pottage?c1225

pulmenta1325

hotchpot1381

sewc1386

wortsc1390

long wortsc1440

poddish1528

porridge?1533

hotchpotch1567

sowpa1568

potage1653

soup1653

bouillon1656

soupe1767

pot-au-feu1841

shackles1888

zuppa1961

a1000 Colloq. Monast. xxix. 13 (Bosw.) Fætt broþ ge magon habban.

1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. 528 On of is men..Caste broth vp a clerc.

1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (Tollemache MS.) (1495) xvii. lxx Broþ of þe leues þerof [broom] abateþ swellynge of þe splene.

c1400 Mandeville's Trav. xxiii. 250 Non other potages but the brothe of the flesche.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 53 Brothe, brodium, liquamen.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 201/2 Brothe of fysshe or flesshe, brovet.

1535 Bible (Coverdale) Judges vi. 20 Take the flesh..& set it vpon the stonye rocke..and poure the broth theron.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball i. xxxix. 57 The decoction or brothe of Agrimonie.

a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) iii. xiv. sig. Qq7 She her selfe had vsed to make the broaths.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iv. ii. 52 He..sawc'st our Brothes, as Iuno had bin sicke, And he her Dieter.

1662 B. Gerbier Brief Disc. Princ. Building 24 Too many Cooks spoils the Broth.

1682 N. O. tr. N. Boileau-Despréaux Lutrin i. 7 Bad 'em serve in the broath [rhyme loath].

1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 308. ⁋3 I am sure..you love Broth better than Soup.

1804 J. Wolcot Great Cry & Little Wool in Wks. (1812) V. 165 The more cooks the worse broth.

1861 E. B. Ramsay Reminisc. Sc. Life (ed. 18) 118 She..never did more than to sup a few family broth.

b. figurative and transferred. (Cf. stew n.² 5, browst n., etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or state of being mixed or blended > [noun] > a mixture

mingingOE

mungc1175

meddlingc1384

mellaya1400

mixture?a1425

commixtion?a1439

medley1440

brothc1515

mingly1545

mingle1548

maslin1574

miscellane1582

commixture1590

flaumpaump1593

salad1603

miscellany1609

common1619

cento1625

misturea1626

mixtil1654

concrete1656

contemperation1664

ragout1672

crasis1677

alloy1707

mixtible1750

galimatias1762

misc.1851

syllabub1859

mixtry1862

cocktail1868

blend1883

admix1908

mix-up1918

mix1959

meld1973

katogo1994

c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) vi. 13 He sware he wolde purchace for the two sonnes..suche a broth [1601 traine] that they shulde bothe dye in doloure.

?1531 J. Frith Disput. Purgatorye i. sig. e3 If he had thought to haue gone thorow purgatorye..there shuld he haue had an hote broth & an hart lesse.

1878 J. R. Seeley Life & Times Stein III. 390 They..want to..dissolve all civil society into a great fluid broth.

c. Bacteriology. A liquid (as a sterilized infusion of meat) prepared or used as a culture medium.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > material > [noun] > culture or medium

culture1880

blood culture1881

cultivation1881

culture medium1883

pure culture1883

agar1885

broth1885

subculture1885

tube-culture1886

bouillon1887

stab-culture1889

streak culture1892

blood agar1893

microculture1893

shake culture1894

streak plate1895

broth culture1897

slant1899

plating1900

stock culture1903

touch preparation1908

tissue culture1912

plaque1924

slope1925

agar-agar1929

isolate1931

MacConkey1938

auxanogram1949

lawn1951

monolayer1952

replica plate1952

1885 G. S. Woodhead & A. W. Hare Pathol. Mycol. iv. 107 To carry on cultivations with the sterile broth thus prepared, it is convenient to have it divided into small quantities.

1897 T. H. Pearmain & C. G. Moor Appl. Bacteriol. ii. 57 Glycerin-broth is used for the cultivation of the tubercle bacillus.

1899 G. Newman Bacteria i. 21 To provide peptone beef-broth, ten grains of peptone and five grains of common salt are added to every litre of acid beef-broth.

1930 Syst. Bacteriol. (Med. Res. Council) I. ix. 354 Old cultures in ordinary broth often yield a considerable variety of colonies when plated on agar or gelatin.

1956 R. Hare Outl. Bacteriol. & Immunity ii. 37 Infusion broth..consists of the extractives which go into solution when minced meat is allowed to steep in water.

1959 [see broth culture n. at Compounds].

†2. Loosely applied to various boiled, brewed, or decocted liquors; also to the brine of ocean, melted snow (snow-broth n.), etc. Cf. Scots bree n.², broo n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > water > sea or ocean > [noun]

sea-floodc893

brimc937

streamc950

foamOE

mereOE

seaOE

sea of (the) oceanc1300

brookc1400

float1477

strand1513

breec1540

burnc1540

broth1558

Thetisie1600

fishpond1604

brine1605

pond1612

Thetisc1620

brack1627

herring-pond1686

tide1791

black water1816

lave1825

briny1831

salt water1839

blue1861

swan's bath1865

puddle1869

ditch1922

oggin1945

a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sloane) (1862) 28 With brothe of venegur drawȝe hit withalle.

1558 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Seuen First Bks. Eneidos viii. sig. Z.iv There went the salt sea broad with swellynge broth.

1593 Bacchus Bountie in Harl. Misc. (1809) II. 264 Bickering with the broth of bountifull Bacchus.

1633 G. Herbert Odour in Temple ii This broth of smells, that feeds & fats my minde.

1691 J. Ray Making Salt 206 If you put in too much [ale] it will make the Broth [of brine] boil over the Pan.

a1774 A. Tucker Light of Nature Pursued (1777) III. iii. 139 A sop in the briny broth of Ocean.

Phrases

Phrases. †to make white broth of, said of boiling to death (as a poisoner). a broth of a boy: the essence of what a boy should be, a downright good fellow (Irish English colloquial).

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > execute [verb (transitive)] > boil

scalda1536

boil1556

to make white broth of1645

the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > [noun] > good person > male

nib1819

a broth of a boy1823

regular guy1912

white hat1965

1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ i. i. 3 She was afraid that Coke the Lord Chief Justice..would have made white Broth of them, but the Prerogative kept them from the Pot.

1823 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto VIII xxiv. 123 Juan was quite ‘a broth of a boy’.

1843 ‘C. Elizabeth’ Judah's Lion 131 Papa says you are the broth of a boy, for taking care of me.

Compounds

broth culture n. (the micro-organisms in) a sample of broth used as a culture medium.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > material > [noun] > culture or medium

culture1880

blood culture1881

cultivation1881

culture medium1883

pure culture1883

agar1885

broth1885

subculture1885

tube-culture1886

bouillon1887

stab-culture1889

streak culture1892

blood agar1893

microculture1893

shake culture1894

streak plate1895

broth culture1897

slant1899

plating1900

stock culture1903

touch preparation1908

tissue culture1912

plaque1924

slope1925

agar-agar1929

isolate1931

MacConkey1938

auxanogram1949

lawn1951

monolayer1952

replica plate1952

1897 Jrnl. Pathol. & Bacteriol. 4 196 To test the virulence of our bacilli we injected guinea-pigs subcutaneously with broth-cultures.

1909 Practitioner Nov. 596 Over the surface of the agar..pour a two-days old broth culture of bacillus prodigiosus.

1959 F. S. Stewart Bigger's Handbk. Bacteriol. (ed. 7) x. 190 Serial dilutions of the drug are made in broth and inoculated with the organism—the inoculum usually being a small amount of a broth culture.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	broth
释义	brothn. /brɒθ//brɔːθ/ Forms: Old English–Middle English broþ, Middle English–1500s brothe, 1500s–1700s broath, 1600s broathe, Middle English– broth. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Common Germanic: Old English broþ = Old High German brod , prod , Old Norse broð < Old Germanic broþo(m) , < verb-root brū- to prepare by boiling, make a decoction: see brew v. (Compare French bouillon broth, < bouillir to boil.) The Old High German word was adopted in Romanic, giving medieval Latin brodum , brodium , Italian brodo , Spanish brodio , Portuguese brodio , Provençal bro , Old French bro , breu , whence broet , browet n., brewis n. Irish broth, Gaelic brot, are from English. 1. a. The liquid in which anything has been boiled, and which is impregnated with its juice; a decoction; esp. that in which meat is boiled or macerated; also a thin soup made from this with the addition of vegetables, pearl barley, rice, etc., as Scottish ‘broth’. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > substances for food preparation > [noun] > stock or liquor brotha1000 browisa1300 decoction1398 browet1399 juicea1425 liquorc1430 brooc1440 breea1475 brewis1526 decoct1551 gammon essence1706 stock1730 pot-liquor1742 white stock1806 poêlée1824 blanc1845 fond1928 the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > soup or pottage > [noun] brotha1000 pottage?c1225 pulmenta1325 hotchpot1381 sewc1386 wortsc1390 long wortsc1440 poddish1528 porridge?1533 hotchpotch1567 sowpa1568 potage1653 soup1653 bouillon1656 soupe1767 pot-au-feu1841 shackles1888 zuppa1961 a1000 Colloq. Monast. xxix. 13 (Bosw.) Fætt broþ ge magon habban. 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. 528 On of is men..Caste broth vp a clerc. 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (Tollemache MS.) (1495) xvii. lxx Broþ of þe leues þerof [broom] abateþ swellynge of þe splene. c1400 Mandeville's Trav. xxiii. 250 Non other potages but the brothe of the flesche. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 53 Brothe, brodium, liquamen. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 201/2 Brothe of fysshe or flesshe, brovet. 1535 Bible (Coverdale) Judges vi. 20 Take the flesh..& set it vpon the stonye rocke..and poure the broth theron. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball i. xxxix. 57 The decoction or brothe of Agrimonie. a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) iii. xiv. sig. Qq7 She her selfe had vsed to make the broaths. a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iv. ii. 52 He..sawc'st our Brothes, as Iuno had bin sicke, And he her Dieter. View more context for this quotation 1662 B. Gerbier Brief Disc. Princ. Building 24 Too many Cooks spoils the Broth. 1682 N. O. tr. N. Boileau-Despréaux Lutrin i. 7 Bad 'em serve in the broath [rhyme loath]. 1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 308. ⁋3 I am sure..you love Broth better than Soup. 1804 J. Wolcot Great Cry & Little Wool in Wks. (1812) V. 165 The more cooks the worse broth. 1861 E. B. Ramsay Reminisc. Sc. Life (ed. 18) 118 She..never did more than to sup a few family broth. b. figurative and transferred. (Cf. stew n.² 5, browst n., etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or state of being mixed or blended > [noun] > a mixture mingingOE mungc1175 meddlingc1384 mellaya1400 mixture?a1425 commixtion?a1439 medley1440 brothc1515 mingly1545 mingle1548 maslin1574 miscellane1582 commixture1590 flaumpaump1593 salad1603 miscellany1609 common1619 cento1625 misturea1626 mixtil1654 concrete1656 contemperation1664 ragout1672 crasis1677 alloy1707 mixtible1750 galimatias1762 misc.1851 syllabub1859 mixtry1862 cocktail1868 blend1883 admix1908 mix-up1918 mix1959 meld1973 katogo1994 c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) vi. 13 He sware he wolde purchace for the two sonnes..suche a broth [1601 traine] that they shulde bothe dye in doloure. ?1531 J. Frith Disput. Purgatorye i. sig. e3 If he had thought to haue gone thorow purgatorye..there shuld he haue had an hote broth & an hart lesse. 1878 J. R. Seeley Life & Times Stein III. 390 They..want to..dissolve all civil society into a great fluid broth. c. Bacteriology. A liquid (as a sterilized infusion of meat) prepared or used as a culture medium. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > material > [noun] > culture or medium culture1880 blood culture1881 cultivation1881 culture medium1883 pure culture1883 agar1885 broth1885 subculture1885 tube-culture1886 bouillon1887 stab-culture1889 streak culture1892 blood agar1893 microculture1893 shake culture1894 streak plate1895 broth culture1897 slant1899 plating1900 stock culture1903 touch preparation1908 tissue culture1912 plaque1924 slope1925 agar-agar1929 isolate1931 MacConkey1938 auxanogram1949 lawn1951 monolayer1952 replica plate1952 1885 G. S. Woodhead & A. W. Hare Pathol. Mycol. iv. 107 To carry on cultivations with the sterile broth thus prepared, it is convenient to have it divided into small quantities. 1897 T. H. Pearmain & C. G. Moor Appl. Bacteriol. ii. 57 Glycerin-broth is used for the cultivation of the tubercle bacillus. 1899 G. Newman Bacteria i. 21 To provide peptone beef-broth, ten grains of peptone and five grains of common salt are added to every litre of acid beef-broth. 1930 Syst. Bacteriol. (Med. Res. Council) I. ix. 354 Old cultures in ordinary broth often yield a considerable variety of colonies when plated on agar or gelatin. 1956 R. Hare Outl. Bacteriol. & Immunity ii. 37 Infusion broth..consists of the extractives which go into solution when minced meat is allowed to steep in water. 1959 [see broth culture n. at Compounds]. †2. Loosely applied to various boiled, brewed, or decocted liquors; also to the brine of ocean, melted snow (snow-broth n.), etc. Cf. Scots bree n.², broo n. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > water > sea or ocean > [noun] sea-floodc893 brimc937 streamc950 foamOE mereOE seaOE sea of (the) oceanc1300 brookc1400 float1477 strand1513 breec1540 burnc1540 broth1558 Thetisie1600 fishpond1604 brine1605 pond1612 Thetisc1620 brack1627 herring-pond1686 tide1791 black water1816 lave1825 briny1831 salt water1839 blue1861 swan's bath1865 puddle1869 ditch1922 oggin1945 a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sloane) (1862) 28 With brothe of venegur drawȝe hit withalle. 1558 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Seuen First Bks. Eneidos viii. sig. Z.iv There went the salt sea broad with swellynge broth. 1593 Bacchus Bountie in Harl. Misc. (1809) II. 264 Bickering with the broth of bountifull Bacchus. 1633 G. Herbert Odour in Temple ii This broth of smells, that feeds & fats my minde. 1691 J. Ray Making Salt 206 If you put in too much [ale] it will make the Broth [of brine] boil over the Pan. a1774 A. Tucker Light of Nature Pursued (1777) III. iii. 139 A sop in the briny broth of Ocean. Phrases Phrases. †to make white broth of, said of boiling to death (as a poisoner). a broth of a boy: the essence of what a boy should be, a downright good fellow (Irish English colloquial). ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > capital punishment > execute [verb (transitive)] > boil scalda1536 boil1556 to make white broth of1645 the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > [noun] > good person > male nib1819 a broth of a boy1823 regular guy1912 white hat1965 1645 J. Howell Epistolæ Ho-elianæ i. i. 3 She was afraid that Coke the Lord Chief Justice..would have made white Broth of them, but the Prerogative kept them from the Pot. 1823 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto VIII xxiv. 123 Juan was quite ‘a broth of a boy’. 1843 ‘C. Elizabeth’ Judah's Lion 131 Papa says you are the broth of a boy, for taking care of me. Compounds broth culture n. (the micro-organisms in) a sample of broth used as a culture medium. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > laboratory analysis > material > [noun] > culture or medium culture1880 blood culture1881 cultivation1881 culture medium1883 pure culture1883 agar1885 broth1885 subculture1885 tube-culture1886 bouillon1887 stab-culture1889 streak culture1892 blood agar1893 microculture1893 shake culture1894 streak plate1895 broth culture1897 slant1899 plating1900 stock culture1903 touch preparation1908 tissue culture1912 plaque1924 slope1925 agar-agar1929 isolate1931 MacConkey1938 auxanogram1949 lawn1951 monolayer1952 replica plate1952 1897 Jrnl. Pathol. & Bacteriol. 4 196 To test the virulence of our bacilli we injected guinea-pigs subcutaneously with broth-cultures. 1909 Practitioner Nov. 596 Over the surface of the agar..pour a two-days old broth culture of bacillus prodigiosus. 1959 F. S. Stewart Bigger's Handbk. Bacteriol. (ed. 7) x. 190 Serial dilutions of the drug are made in broth and inoculated with the organism—the inoculum usually being a small amount of a broth culture. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online December 2020). † brothbrotheadj. Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymology: Middle English brōþ < earlier brāþ (north English brāth : see brath n.) < Old Norse bráð-r hasty, rash, passionate. Obsolete. Impetuous, violent, passionate, wrathful; also quasi-n. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > excitement > excitability of temperament > impetuosity > [adjective] brothc1175 impetuous1398 headya1425 brainish1530 hot-brained1556 hot-headed1603 flashy1632 hot-reined1635 scapperboiling1673 warm1749 étourdi1750 torrentuous1840 impulsive1847 unpoised1872 torrential1877 Latin1914 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 7173 Þatt he be grimme..& braþ. c1340 Gaw. & Gr. Knt. 2233 He..orpedly strydez, Bremly broþe on a bent. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 149 Þat oþer burne watz abayst of his broþe wordez. c1475 (?c1425) Avowing of King Arthur (1984) l. 244 Þus bidus þat brothe. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1888; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < n.a1000adj.c1175
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brothn.

Phrases

Compounds

† brothbrotheadj.