toftn.¹

Brit.

/tɒft/, U.S.

/tɔft/,

/tɑft/

Forms: Also Middle English–1600s tofte, (1600s tuft), 1700s–1800s Scottish dialect taft.

Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymons: Norse topt, toft.

Etymology: Late Old English toft, < Old Norse topt, tupt, later toft, tuft (Norwegian toft, tuft, tyft ‘ground attached to a house’ (Aasen), early and dialect Swedish toft, Danish toft, tofte), existing beside and commonly identified with Old Norse tomt, Old Swedish tompt (Vigfusson), Norwegian tomt (Aasen), Swedish tomt, Danish tomt ‘toft’; both forms < Old Germanic *tumft-, *tumf(e)t-, with which compare Greek δά-πεδον < *dm-pedo-m, a level surface, lit. ‘a site for building’.

1. Originally, a homestead, the site of a house and its out-buildings; a house site. Often in the expression toft and croft, denoting the whole holding, consisting of the homestead and attached piece of arable land.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > [noun] > site of or for (a) building(s)

toft1001

stead1246

sole1417

sitea1443

plota1450

toftstead1524

ground-plat?a1560

ground-plot1580

seat1615

parterre1671

building-lot1701

emplacement1780

steading1822

building-place1839

block1840

subdivision1857

building-ground1858

building-estate1885

building-land1905

island site1907

island plot1908

tract1912

1001 in Kemble Cod. Dipl. III. 317 Healf þæt land æt Suðham, innur and uttur, on tofte and on crofte.

a1100 in Sax. Leechd. III. 286 An ic agnian wille to agenre ahte ðæt ðæt ic hæbbe, & næfre ðæt yntan, ne plot ne ploh, ne turf ne toft, ne furh ne fotmæl, ne land ne læse, ne fersc ne mersc, ne ruh ne rum.

12.. Charter of Siflæd in Birch Cart. Sax. III. 217 And ic [an] mine landsethlen here toftes to owen aihte and alle mine men fre.

1290 Rolls of Parl. I. 62/1 Johanna..petit dotem..de viii to Toftis et viii to Bavatis terre.

1348 Rolls of Parl. II. 205/1 Un toft & cink acres de terre.

14.. Customs of Malton in Surtees Misc. (1888) 63 For every tofte þ^t is nott beldydd j d.

1473 in C. Rogers Rental Bk. Cupar-Angus (1879) I. 165 Ilke man sal kepe his pairt of his malyn and his toft that his nichtbur be nocht injuryt.

1592 W. West Symbolæogr.: 1st Pt. ii. Fines §55 A Toft is the place wherein a mesuage hath stand.

1607 J. Norden Surueyors Dialogue v. 207 I haue..obserued..that many croftes, toftes, pightes, pingles, and other small quillits of land, about farme houses, and Tenements, are suffred to lie together idle.

1683 London Gaz. No. 1800/4 A Tuft of Ground..by Thames-Street, will be disposed of by Lease for 61 years, by the Committee for Letting the City Lands.

1766 J. Burrow Rep. Court King's Bench 2 1064 The Owner of a House may, if he pleases, pull it quite down, and convert it into a Toft.

1790 A. Wilson Poems 206 An' scores o' times, in kintra tafts, They've gart the fouk maist rive their chafts.

1809 W. Bawdwen tr. Domesday Bk. 614 But the riding say that he has only 9½ acres and one toft, the soke of which belongs to the King's Manor of Gayton.

1818 H. Hallam View Europe Middle Ages II. ix. 460 A house with its stables and farm-buildings, surrounded by a hedge or inclosure, was called a court, or..a curtilage; the toft or homestead of a more genuine English dialect.

1870 F. P. Verney Lettice Lisle xiii. 146 I might ha' been a comfortable man by this; and now I'm like to have neither toft nor croft.

1955 Times 19 Aug. 8/5 Even a layman, with guidance, can recognize the signs pointing to medieval occupation: the hollow said to be the main street; the adjoining humps of the house enclosures, each with its ‘toft’ (garden) and croft, or small holding.

1965 W. H. Auden About House (1966) 17 A toft-and-croft Where I needn't, ever, be at home to Those I am not at home with.

2. Apparently including the croft, or applied to a field or piece of land larger than the site of a house.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > [noun] > enclosed land or field > small field or enclosure

parrockeOE

croft969

pightlec1200

curtilagec1330

gartha1340

toftc1440

pingle1546

lot1789

log-paddock1900

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 459/1 Toft, campus.

c1450 Godstow Reg. 315 iij. mesis liyng to-gedir..with the toftis liyng therto..; also with two toftis I-closed in, of the which one strecchith hit-self in lengthe of the gardeyn of the seid Symond, and another in lengthe of the gardeyn of the said abbesse and Couent, in þe forsaid towne of karsynton.

1549 Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 82/2 Terras de Drumfyne nuncupatas the Toftis of Drumfyne.

1598 tr. J. Kitchin Jurisdictions (1675) 151 One Tenement with a Toft adjoining.

1831 W. S. Landor Fra Rupert ii. i Though the parks and groves and tofts around,..Open would be to her.

3. An eminence, knoll, or hillock in a flat region; esp. one suitable for the site of a house or tower. Cf. quot. 1863. Now local.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > rising ground or eminence > [noun] > hillock

barrowc885

burrowc885

berryc1000

knapc1000

knollc1000

ball1166

howa1340

toft1362

hillocka1382

tertre1480

knowec1505

hilleta1552

hummock1555

mountainettea1586

tump1589

butt1600

mountlet1610

mounture1614

colline1641

tuft1651

knock?17..

tummock1789

mound1791

tomhan1811

koppie1848

tuffet1877

1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. Prol. 14 I sauh a Tour on A Toft triȝely I-maket; A Deop Dale bi-neoþe.

1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls) VII. 359 In þe myddel of þat playn was a litel toft as it were an hille [L. colliculus turgescebat].

1558 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Seuen First Bks. Eneidos vii. sig. U.iv They, from their Fescen hilles, and from Faliscus equall toftes.

1863 S. Baring-Gould Iceland xxii. 368 A farm named Tratharholt, crowning a toft which rises out of green meads and almost impossible swamps.

1887 G. M. Fenn Dick o' the Fens (1888) 23 Right up on a high toft with the river on one side and the fens for miles on the other.

†4. ‘A small grove of trees’ ( Eng. Dial. Dict.). dialect (or ? error in Kersey's Phillips.) Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > wood or assemblage of trees or shrubs > [noun] > planted, cultivated, or valued > coppice or grove

hurst822

grove889

wood bough?c1225

wood lay?c1225

wood lind?c1225

wood rise?c1225

spring1396

firth?a1400

berwec1440

spring?c1475

grovet1504

coppice1538

copsewood1543

sherwood1562

hewt1575

copse1578

grove-crop1582

berrie1591

low wood1591

spinney1597

spinet1604

spring wood1607

roughet1616

oart1690

toft1706

under-grove1731

bosket1737

busket1803

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Toft..also a Grove of Trees.

1717 Dict. Rusticum (ed. 2) Toft, a Grove of Trees.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

toft field n.

ΚΠ

1763 Museum Rusticum (1764) 1 35 The soil of your upper toft field.

1826 W. Scott Jrnl. 16 Mar. (1939) 136 I shall have on the Toft field a gallant show of extensive woodland.

toftstead n.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > [noun] > site of or for (a) building(s)

toft1001

stead1246

sole1417

sitea1443

plota1450

toftstead1524

ground-plat?a1560

ground-plot1580

seat1615

parterre1671

building-lot1701

emplacement1780

steading1822

building-place1839

block1840

subdivision1857

building-ground1858

building-estate1885

building-land1905

island site1907

island plot1908

tract1912

1524 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1884) V. 180 An other toftstede which I haue in Lownd.

1773 Burstwick Inclos. Act 6 Gardens, orchards, toftsteads, crofts.

1839 W. B. Stonehouse Hist. Isle of Axholme 35 To the owners of ancient messuages, cottages, tofts, and toftsteads.

C2.

toftman n. the owner or occupier of a toft.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > farmer > [noun] > owner or occupier of toft

toftman1672

1672 T. Manley Νομοθετης: Cowell's Interpreter sig. Ttt2^v/2 Toftman,..the Owner of a Toft, Toftmanni similiter operabantur.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Toft-man, the Owner of a Toft.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	toft
释义	toftn.¹ Brit. /tɒft/, U.S. /tɔft/, /tɑft/ Forms: Also Middle English–1600s tofte, (1600s tuft), 1700s–1800s Scottish dialect taft. Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymons: Norse topt, toft. Etymology: Late Old English toft, < Old Norse topt, tupt, later toft, tuft (Norwegian toft, tuft, tyft ‘ground attached to a house’ (Aasen), early and dialect Swedish toft, Danish toft, tofte), existing beside and commonly identified with Old Norse tomt, Old Swedish tompt (Vigfusson), Norwegian tomt (Aasen), Swedish tomt, Danish tomt ‘toft’; both forms < Old Germanic tumft-, tumf(e)t-, with which compare Greek δά-πεδον < dm-pedo-m, a level surface, lit. ‘a site for building’. 1. Originally, a homestead, the site of a house and its out-buildings; a house site. Often in the expression toft and croft, denoting the whole holding, consisting of the homestead and attached piece of arable land. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > [noun] > site of or for (a) building(s) toft1001 stead1246 sole1417 sitea1443 plota1450 toftstead1524 ground-plat?a1560 ground-plot1580 seat1615 parterre1671 building-lot1701 emplacement1780 steading1822 building-place1839 block1840 subdivision1857 building-ground1858 building-estate1885 building-land1905 island site1907 island plot1908 tract1912 1001 in Kemble Cod. Dipl.* III. 317 Healf þæt land æt Suðham, innur and uttur, on tofte and on crofte. a1100 in Sax. Leechd. III. 286 An ic agnian wille to agenre ahte ðæt ðæt ic hæbbe, & næfre ðæt yntan, ne plot ne ploh, ne turf ne toft, ne furh ne fotmæl, ne land ne læse, ne fersc ne mersc, ne ruh ne rum. 12.. Charter of Siflæd in Birch Cart. Sax. III. 217 And ic [an] mine landsethlen here toftes to owen aihte and alle mine men fre. 1290 Rolls of Parl. I. 62/1 Johanna..petit dotem..de viii to Toftis et viii to Bavatis terre. 1348 Rolls of Parl. II. 205/1 Un toft & cink acres de terre. 14.. Customs of Malton in Surtees Misc. (1888) 63 For every tofte þ^t is nott beldydd j d. 1473 in C. Rogers Rental Bk. Cupar-Angus (1879) I. 165 Ilke man sal kepe his pairt of his malyn and his toft that his nichtbur be nocht injuryt. 1592 W. West Symbolæogr.: 1st Pt. ii. Fines §55 A Toft is the place wherein a mesuage hath stand. 1607 J. Norden Surueyors Dialogue v. 207 I haue..obserued..that many croftes, toftes, pightes, pingles, and other small quillits of land, about farme houses, and Tenements, are suffred to lie together idle. 1683 London Gaz. No. 1800/4 A Tuft of Ground..by Thames-Street, will be disposed of by Lease for 61 years, by the Committee for Letting the City Lands. 1766 J. Burrow Rep. Court King's Bench 2 1064 The Owner of a House may, if he pleases, pull it quite down, and convert it into a Toft. 1790 A. Wilson Poems 206 An' scores o' times, in kintra tafts, They've gart the fouk maist rive their chafts. 1809 W. Bawdwen tr. Domesday Bk. 614 But the riding say that he has only 9½ acres and one toft, the soke of which belongs to the King's Manor of Gayton. 1818 H. Hallam View Europe Middle Ages II. ix. 460 A house with its stables and farm-buildings, surrounded by a hedge or inclosure, was called a court, or..a curtilage; the toft or homestead of a more genuine English dialect. 1870 F. P. Verney Lettice Lisle xiii. 146 I might ha' been a comfortable man by this; and now I'm like to have neither toft nor croft. 1955 Times 19 Aug. 8/5 Even a layman, with guidance, can recognize the signs pointing to medieval occupation: the hollow said to be the main street; the adjoining humps of the house enclosures, each with its ‘toft’ (garden) and croft, or small holding. 1965 W. H. Auden About House (1966) 17 A toft-and-croft Where I needn't, ever, be at home to Those I am not at home with. 2. Apparently including the croft, or applied to a field or piece of land larger than the site of a house. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farm > farmland > [noun] > enclosed land or field > small field or enclosure parrockeOE croft969 pightlec1200 curtilagec1330 gartha1340 toftc1440 pingle1546 lot1789 log-paddock1900 c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 459/1 Toft, campus. c1450 Godstow Reg. 315 iij. mesis liyng to-gedir..with the toftis liyng therto..; also with two toftis I-closed in, of the which one strecchith hit-self in lengthe of the gardeyn of the seid Symond, and another in lengthe of the gardeyn of the said abbesse and Couent, in þe forsaid towne of karsynton. 1549 Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 82/2 Terras de Drumfyne nuncupatas the Toftis of Drumfyne. 1598 tr. J. Kitchin Jurisdictions (1675) 151 One Tenement with a Toft adjoining. 1831 W. S. Landor Fra Rupert ii. i Though the parks and groves and tofts around,..Open would be to her. 3. An eminence, knoll, or hillock in a flat region; esp. one suitable for the site of a house or tower. Cf. quot. 1863. Now local. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > rising ground or eminence > [noun] > hillock barrowc885 burrowc885 berryc1000 knapc1000 knollc1000 ball1166 howa1340 toft1362 hillocka1382 tertre1480 knowec1505 hilleta1552 hummock1555 mountainettea1586 tump1589 butt1600 mountlet1610 mounture1614 colline1641 tuft1651 knock?17.. tummock1789 mound1791 tomhan1811 koppie1848 tuffet1877 1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. Prol. 14 I sauh a Tour on A Toft triȝely I-maket; A Deop Dale bi-neoþe. 1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Rolls) VII. 359 In þe myddel of þat playn was a litel toft as it were an hille [L. colliculus turgescebat]. 1558 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Seuen First Bks. Eneidos vii. sig. U.iv They, from their Fescen hilles, and from Faliscus equall toftes. 1863 S. Baring-Gould Iceland xxii. 368 A farm named Tratharholt, crowning a toft which rises out of green meads and almost impossible swamps. 1887 G. M. Fenn Dick o' the Fens (1888) 23 Right up on a high toft with the river on one side and the fens for miles on the other. †4. ‘A small grove of trees’ ( Eng. Dial. Dict.). dialect (or ? error in Kersey's Phillips.) Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > tree or woody plant > wood or assemblage of trees or shrubs > [noun] > planted, cultivated, or valued > coppice or grove hurst822 grove889 wood bough?c1225 wood lay?c1225 wood lind?c1225 wood rise?c1225 spring1396 firth?a1400 berwec1440 spring?c1475 grovet1504 coppice1538 copsewood1543 sherwood1562 hewt1575 copse1578 grove-crop1582 berrie1591 low wood1591 spinney1597 spinet1604 spring wood1607 roughet1616 oart1690 toft1706 under-grove1731 bosket1737 busket1803 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Toft..also a Grove of Trees. 1717 Dict. Rusticum (ed. 2) Toft, a Grove of Trees. Compounds C1. General attributive. toft field n. ΚΠ 1763 Museum Rusticum (1764) 1 35 The soil of your upper toft field. 1826 W. Scott Jrnl. 16 Mar. (1939) 136 I shall have on the Toft field a gallant show of extensive woodland. toftstead n. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > [noun] > site of or for (a) building(s) toft1001 stead1246 sole1417 sitea1443 plota1450 toftstead1524 ground-plat?a1560 ground-plot1580 seat1615 parterre1671 building-lot1701 emplacement1780 steading1822 building-place1839 block1840 subdivision1857 building-ground1858 building-estate1885 building-land1905 island site1907 island plot1908 tract1912 1524 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1884) V. 180 An other toftstede which I haue in Lownd. 1773 Burstwick Inclos. Act 6 Gardens, orchards, toftsteads, crofts. 1839 W. B. Stonehouse Hist. Isle of Axholme 35 To the owners of ancient messuages, cottages, tofts, and toftsteads. C2. toftman n. the owner or occupier of a toft. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > farmer > [noun] > owner or occupier of toft toftman1672 1672 T. Manley Νομοθετης: Cowell's Interpreter sig. Ttt2^v/2 Toftman,..the Owner of a Toft, Toftmanni similiter operabantur. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Toft-man, the Owner of a Toft. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022). Toftn.² Brit. /tɒft/, U.S. /tɔft/, /tɑft/ Etymology: < Toft, the surname of a Staffordshire family. Used attributively to designate (a style of) lead-glazed slipware made in Staffordshire in the late-seventeenth cent., some of the best examples of which bear the name of Thomas Toft (d. 1689) or another Toft, usually regarded as the maker of the piece. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [adjective] > types of English pottery Liverpool1750 Wedgwood1787 Mason1804 Plymouth1816 Rockingham1840 Leeds1863 Jackfield1866 Spode1869 Whieldon1869 Minton1871 Doulton1873 Toft1878 Lambeth1884 Wrotham1884 metropolitan1891 Astbury1904 Pratt1920 Malling1933 1878 L. Jewitt Ceramic Art I. iv. 103 Another Toft dish..bears a female figure..and the name Ralphoft, or Ralph Toft, the h and t being apparently conjoined. 1900 F. Litchfield Pottery & Porcelain ii. 26 Those buff-coloured dishes which we now recognise as ‘Toft ware’. 1957 C. W. Mankowitz & R. G. Haggar Conc. Encycl. Eng. Pottery & Porcelain 222/2 The name [of Ralph Toft] occurs on many typical large Toft-style dishes. 1961 L. G. G. Ramsey Connoisseur New Guide Antique Eng. Pottery, Porcelain & Glass 20 Signed Toft pieces are known dated 1671 and 1674. 1975 Country Life 26 June (Suppl.) 56/1 Christie's... Fine English Porcelain and Pottery... Toft dated slipware bragget-pot. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.¹1001n.²1878
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toftn.1

Compounds

Toftn.2

toftn.¹

Toftn.²