单词 | tom |
释义 | Tomn.1 1. A familiar shortening of the male forename Thomas. ΚΠ c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. iv. l. 17 And also tomme trewe-tonge-telle-me-no-tales. c1400 (?a1387) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vesp.) (1873) C. xxiii. l. 162 Here syre was a sysour þat neuere swor treuthe, Or tomme to-tonged [a1425 Huntington HM 143 Tomme two-tonge] ateynt at eche enqueste. 1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes ii. f. 179v For his malaparte toungne called at home..Parrhesiastes, (as ye woulde saye in englyshe), Thom trouthe, or plain Sarisbuirie. 1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius f. 68v They will all condemne you for tomme trifler. 1592 R. Greene Quip for Vpstart Courtier sig. G Last to you Tom tapster, that tap your small cannes of beare to the poore, and yet fill them halfe full of froth. 1598 Health to Gentlemanly Profession Seruingmen sig. Biij The Clowne, the Slouen, and Tom althummes. 1600 J. Lane Tom Tel-Troths Message 713 But sooth to say, Tom-teltroth will not lie, We heere haue blaz'd Englands iniquitie. a1640 J. Day & H. Chettle Blind-beggar (1659) sig. C2 I think not, but thou and this Tom Tawny coat here gulls me. a1750 A. Hill Wks. (1753) IV. 67 Honest Tom Tar, of unpacific fist. 1793 Universal Mag. Apr. 272/2 Tom Dingy, who affects the utmost slovenliness of apparel. b. (A generic name for) a man or boy, esp. one considered ordinary or unexceptional; a fellow, a chap. Frequently in collocation with other common male forenames: see also Tom, Dick, and Harry at Phrases 1b. ΚΠ ?1563 in I. W. Archer et al. Relig., Politics, & Society in 16th-cent. Eng. (2003) 77 They..layed siege thervnto, encamping them selfes rounde aboute the walles in grete nombers, every Hick and Tom making him self a capitan. 1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 898 Dicke the Sheepheard blowes his naile: And Thom beares Logges into the hall. View more context for this quotation 1622 J. Taylor Sir Gregory Nonsence sig. B5v I neither care what Tom, or Iacke, or Dick sed. 1697 in M. Prior State-poems 64 Pity it is that Men of noble Fame, should lose their Honour merely for the Name. 'Cause Tom's a Knave, must every Tom be so. 1709 Brit. Apollo 29 June–1 July She'll Whore and be Merry, With Ralph, Tom, and Harry. 1865 A. Smith Summer in Skye I. 46 Thereafter Tom, Jack and Harry; for every cab, carriage and omnibus..is now allowed to fall in. 1874 Railroad Gaz. 12 Sept. 355/1 Their advancement will depend upon what they know, and not upon their getting in favor with some Tom or Hank. 1917 Ladies' Home Jrnl. June 29/3 Some Tom or Bob or Bill..who is doing his ‘bit’..on the other side of the English Channel. 2007 Winchester (Virginia) Star 27 Oct. b6/2 The mediation has fallen in the trap prepared by the government by making the negotiations an arena for every Jack, Tom and Harry. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > mentally ill person > [noun] > mad person woodman1297 madmanc1330 lunatic1377 franticc1380 madwomana1438 March harec1500 Bedlam beggar1525 fanaticc1525 bedlama1529 frenetic1528 Jack o' Bedlam1528 Tom o' Bedlam1569 crack-brain1570 madbrain1570 Tom1575 madcap1589 gelt1596 madhead1600 brainsick1605 madpash1611 non compos1628 madling1638 bedlam-man1658 bedlamerc1675 fan1682 bedlamite1691 cracka1701 lymphatic1708 shatter-brain1719 mad1729 maniaca1763 non compos mentis1765 shatter-pate1775 shatter-wit1775 insane1786 craze1831 dement1857 crazy1867 crackpot1883 loony1884 bug1885 psychopath1885 dingbat1887 psychopathic1890 ding-a-ling1899 meshuggener1900 détraqué1902 maddiea1903 nut1908 mental1913 ding1929 lakes1934 wack1938 fruitcake1942 nutty1942 barm-pot1951 nutcake1953 nutter1958 nutcase1959 nut job1959 meshuga1962 nutsy1964 headcase1965 nutball1968 headbanger1973 nutso1975 wacko1977 nut bar1978 mentalist1990 the mind > possession > poverty > mendicancy > [noun] > beggar > Bedlam beggar Bedlam beggar1525 bedlama1529 Tom1575 1575 J. Awdely Fraternitye of Vacabondes (new ed.) sig. A2 An Abraham man is he that..fayneth hym selfe mad..and nameth himselfe poore Tom. 1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xi. 45 Who giues any thing to poore Tom . View more context for this quotation 1683 R. Dixon Canidia i. ii. 6 We treat Mad-Bedlams, Toms and Besses, With Ceremonies and Caresses. 1768 Coll. Poems Several Hands II. 75 So when, where Bedlam's air dress'd vision's dwell, Tom stalks a straw-crown'd monarch in his cell. 1803 Morning Post 12 Feb. A Mad Tom, from Bedlam, was well dressed with straw. d. In traditional Yorkshire sword dancing: a clown who performs with the dancers. Cf. tomfool n. 2. rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > performance of jester or comedian > [noun] > jester or comedian jugglerc1175 foolc1300 jangler1303 fool sagec1330 ribald1340 ape-ward1362 japer1377 sage fool1377 harlotc1390 disporter?a1475 jocular?a1475 joculatora1500 jester?1518 idiot1526 scoffer1530 sporter1531 dizzardc1540 vice1552 antic1564 bauble-bearer1568 scoggin1579 buffoon1584 pleasant1595 zany1596 baladine1599 clown1600 fiddle1600 mimic1601 ape-carrier1615 mime1616 mime-man1631 merry man1648 tomfool1650 pickle-herring1656 badine1670 puddingc1675 merry-andrew1677 mimical1688 Tom Tram1688 Monaghan1689 pickled herring1711 ethologist1727 court-foola1797 Tom1817 mimer1819 fun-maker1835 funny man1839 mimester1846 comic1857 comedian1860 jokesman1882 comique1886 Joey1896 tummler1938 alternative comedian1981 Andrew- 1817 G. Young Hist. Whitby II. vi. 880 During the dance, two or three of the company, called Toms or clowns..are making antic gestures and movements to amuse the spectators. 2010 Folk Music Jrnl. 9 813 This image portrays a thirteen-strong company comprising six dancers..and three Toms or Clowns. e. Originally U.S. slang (derogatory). Chiefly in African-American usage. A black person regarded as behaving in an obsequious, ingratiating, or servile manner towards a white person, or white people generally; short for Uncle Tom n. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > division of mankind by physical characteristics > black person > [noun] AfriceOE MoorOE EthiopOE blomana1225 Ethiopiana1325 blue mana1387 Moriana1387 black mana1398 blackamoor1525 black Morian1526 black boy1530 molen1538 Nigro1548 Nigrite1554 Negro1555 neger1568 nigger1577 blackfellow1598 Kaffir1607 black1614 thick-lipsa1616 Hubsheea1627 black African1633 blackface1704 sambo1704 Cuffee1713 Nigritian1738 fellow1753 Cuff1755 blacky1759 mungo1768 Quashie1774 darkie?1775 snowball1785 blue skin1788 Moriscan1794 sooterkin1821 nigc1832 tar-brush1835–40 Jim Crow1838 sooty1838 mokec1847 dinge1848 monkey1849 Siddi1849 dark1853 nigre1853 Negroid1860 kink1865 Sam1867 Rastus1882 schvartze1886 race man1896 possum1900 shine1908 jigaboo1909 smoke1913 golliwog1916 jazzbo1918 boogie1923 jig1924 melanoderm1924 spade1928 jit1931 Zulu1931 eight ball1932 Afro1942 nigra1944 spook1945 munt1948 Tom1956 boot1957 soul brother1957 nig-nog1959 member1962 pork chop1963 splib1964 blood1965 non-voter1966 moolinyan1967 Oreo1968 boogaloo1972 pongo1972 moolie1988 1956 ‘B. Holiday’ & W. Dufty Lady sings Blues xi. 116 He'd bugged me so and practically made me feel like a Tom for not sitting down with him. 1968 N. Giovanni in W. King Black Short Story Anthol. (1972) 26 Toms, I told him, only have power if we let them have power. I mean, if a tom says get off the streets and you get off the streets, then that's your fault, not his. 1973 R. Ludlum Matlock Paper ii. 14 The African studies may be in trouble. That ‘Tom’ I recruited from Howard turned out to be..a little to the right of Louis XIV. 2006 P. E. Sanders & B. Cohen Zebra Murders iii. 42 There'd been so few black cops for so long that no one knew what to make of us... I used to say that we were ‘Toms’ outside the Hall of Justice and ‘niggers’ in it. 2. The name of certain exceptionally large bells; chiefly with modifying word or specifying place name, as Great Tom, Mighty Tom, Tom of Lincoln, Tom of Oxford, Tom of Exeter, etc. Hence attributive, applied to bell towers or other architectural features associated with such bells (esp. with reference to that at Christ Church, Oxford), as Tom Tower, Tom Gate, Tom Quad. ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > division of building (general) > tower or steeple > [noun] > bell-tower > for great bell Tom Tower1613 society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > percussion instrument > bell > [noun] > very large bell Tom1613 1613 W. Gamage Linsi-woolsie i. lxiii. sig. E4 So, Tom thy sound which all thy mates excels, Doth thine Oxonians cause to flie their Hoasts. 1631 R. Johnson Tom a Lincolne (ed. 6) ii. sig. B4v He sent..a thousand pound in treasures, to be bestowed vpon a great Bell to bee rung at his Funerall, which Bell hee caused to bee called Tom a Lincolne, after his owne name. 1667 Mr. White in J. Playford Hilton's Catch that catch Can (new ed.) 80 Great Tom is Cast, and Christ church Bells ring..and Tom comes last. 1685 H. Aldrich in J. Hilton Catch that catch Can (new ed.) sig. B1 The Dev'l a Man will leave his Can, 'till he hears the mighty Tom. 1705 E. Hickeringill Priest-craft 54 Whose Tongue was as clamorous and loud almost as Tom a Lincoln. 1787 ‘P. Pindar’ Ode upon Ode (ed. 5) 43 Thus when the Oxford Bell, baptiz'd Great Tom, Shakes all the City with his iron Tongue, The little tinklers might as well be dumb. 1818 A. Taylor Young Travellers 51 Having crossed the road and entered, by Tom gate, the great quadrangle or square. 1839 Penny Cycl. XIV. 8/2 The old bell, called the Tom of Lincoln..being exceeded only by ‘Mighty Tom’ of Oxford..and ‘Great Tom’ of Exeter. 1853 ‘C. Bede’ Adventures Mr. Verdant Green iii. 24 As he looks across the Christ Church Meadows and rolls past the Tom Tower. 1886 J. Ruskin Præterita I. xi. 369 I..amused myself till Tom rang in. 1922 S. Gardner Guide to Eng. Gothic Archit. 56 The central tower [of Lincoln Cathedral], called the Tom Tower, is perhaps the finest Gothic tower in existence. 1933 Musical Q. 19 385 As loud as Tom of Lincoln. 1940 Sewanee Rev. 48 175 Liddell..lived in the northeast angle of ‘Tom Quad’, and her professorial chum lived in the northwest angle. 2012 R. Shepherd Westminster xi. 84 ‘Great Tom’ became the hour bell of St Paul's Cathedral and, remarkably, after two re-castings, still rings out. 3. The jack of trumps in the card game gleek. Cf. Tib n.1 2. historical and rare after 17th cent. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > other card games > [noun] > gleek > specific cards Tom1647 Tiba1658 tiddy1662 towser1680 tumbler1680 society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > card or cards > [noun] > picture-card > jack > in specific games pur1592 Tom1647 maker1753 his heels1754 bragger1807 nob1821 right bower1839 1647 J. Cleveland Char. London-diurnall 14 That Gamester needs must over-come, That can play both Tib, and Tom. 1662 J. Cotgrave Wits Interpreter (ed. 2) 365 The Ace is called Tib, the Knave Tom, and the four of Trumps Tidie. 1674 C. Cotton Compl. Gamester vii. 95 If you have neither Tib, Tom, Tiddy, King, Queen, Mournival, nor Gleek, you lose because you count as many Cards as you had in tricks. 1969 V. Bartlett Past of Pastimes ix. 120 The ace was known as Tib ; the knave was Tom; four was Tiddy; five and six were Tower and Tumbler, and counted double. 4. With reference to an animal. a. A male cat; = tomcat n. 1.Attested earlier as a conventional name for a male cat; see note in etymology at tomcat n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > family unit > [noun] > male malea1393 he1567 Tom1826 the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Felidae (feline) > felis domesticus (cat) > [noun] > male Gilbert?a1500 boar-cat1607 ram-cat1672 tomcat1772 tomling1821 Tom1826 1826 Townley's High Life below Stairs (rev. ed.) ii. i. 35 Your cat has kittened—two Toms and two Tabbies! 1872 London Society Jan. 74/2 A real tortoiseshell tom, in whose coat not one white hair could be found! 1905 Daily News 24 Jan. 8/1 Tiger, their cat (a beautifully marked tabby tom, aged five). 1962 G. Butler Coffin in Oxf. ii. 38 The undying burning hate of one un-neutered tom for another. 2004 Park Home & Holiday Caravan Feb. 47/2 She is somewhat unusual in that she is a ginger queen (most ginger cats are toms). b. A male bird; esp. (now only) a male turkey.Quot. 1840 could be analysed as showing the related attributive use of the noun which is attested earlier; cf. Compounds 2a. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > [noun] > male cock1324 tread-fowlc1386 cock bird1600 Tom1840 the world > animals > birds > order Galliformes (fowls) > [noun] > member of Meleagrididae (turkey) > male cock of India1546 brissel-cockc1565 guinea-cock1577 turkey-cock1578 gobbler1725 bubbly jock1785 staga1825 Tom1840 longbeard1974 1840 North Amer. & Daily Advertiser (Philadelphia) 12 June The story..about a tom, or male turkey, performing the duties of the female or hen turkey. 1875 W. D. Parish Dict. Sussex Dial. 123 I bought two hens and a tom off old Mis Cluckleford. 1884 Bazaar, Exchange & Mart 17 Dec. 2205/2 Hamburghs... Redcaps, four hens and tom, prize strain, handsome birds. 1893 G. D. Leslie Lett. to Marco xxxii. 214 The tom [i.e. a male swan] is very gallant in defence of his mate. 1939 S. J. Marsden & A. R. Lee Turkey Raising (U.S. Dept. Agric. Farmers' Bull. No. 1409) (rev. ed.) 9 As a rule good fertility will result when several toms are kept with a flock of hens. 2000 N.Y. Times 20 Nov. c16/2 The males, called toms later on, are fated to become cutlets, deli meats and processed products like turkey dogs and sausages. 5. A kind of long wooden trough used for washing gold-bearing material in order to separate out the gold; = Long Tom n. 2. Now chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > equipment for treating ores > [noun] > for washing ore > for gold scour1619 rocker1828 cradle1833 pan1835 Long Tom1839 Tom1839 wash-bowl1848 gold washer1849 sluice1851 wash-pan1851 tub1853 gold pan1854 mining pan1858 pan mill1869 Tommy1892 1839 Amer. Railroad Jrnl. 15 Feb. 98 The Tom is generally placed directly along side of the pit to be worked, the gravel thrown into the machine between A and B, and, if of a clayey nature..is rubbed backwards, until the stones are clean. 1851 Sacramento Transcript 1 May 2/3 He informs us that four friends of his took a tom and went down to the creek, where they commenced washing a pile of earth which had been washed with a rocker twice before. 1890 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Miner's Right II. xiv. 27 We drove and raised our wash-dirt.., and afterwards separated it..by the old-fashioned expedient of a ‘tom’. 1958 J. Carew Black Midas vi. 112 The tom was a lightwood box eight feet by two and not very deep. 2004 S. Rivera Calif. Gold Rush 27 Miners threw dirt into the tom and the water washed it away. 6. Australian and New Zealand. A timber prop or brace used to secure something (e.g. part of a mine or building, or loose cargo), esp. by being wedged against an overhead structure. Cf. tom v. 2. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > workplace > places where raw materials are extracted > mine > [noun] > prop or support crown tree1449 punch1462 prop1613 slider1653 sole1653 yoking1653 stow-blade1681 pit-bar1708 fork1747 head tree1747 studdle1758 lock piece1778 pit-prop1794 puncheon1815 stow-fork1824 plank tubbing1839 sprag1841 gib1847 chock1853 Tom1858 bratticing1866 pack1867 breastboard1877 brattice1881 wall-plate1881 strap1883 stretcher1883 1858 R. W. Stevens On Stowage Ships & their Cargoes 154 It is..lifted and propped up by ‘toms’ or ‘shores’ sufficiently high to allow the lower casks to be entered.., when (if necessary) the toms are removed, and all the tiers properly stowed. 1887 Auckland Weekly 7 May 19 In tapping under the rafter, the tom slipped, lifted the catch, and opened the dam. 1932 I. L. Idriess Prospecting for Gold 237 A tom is a prop, you jam one end under the roof with the other end resting on the floor. 1977 J. Doughty Gold in Blood 90 I wedged in the short ‘toms’ of timber to support the ‘back’ (roof) while I lay on my side, squeezed under the overhang. 1991 Hist. Places 29 The trips of the driving dam were held in place by a tom... The knocker tripped the trigger which in turn released the tom. 7. With reference to a woman. a. Australian and New Zealand colloquial. Originally: a girlfriend, a sweetheart; (later) any girl or woman. Cf. tom-tart n. at Compounds 1a. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > people > person > woman > [noun] wifeeOE womaneOE womanOE queanOE brideOE viragoc1000 to wifeOE burdc1225 ladyc1225 carlinec1375 stotc1386 marec1387 pigsneyc1390 fellowa1393 piecec1400 femalea1425 goddessa1450 fairc1450 womankindc1450 fellowessa1500 femininea1513 tega1529 sister?1532 minikinc1540 wyec1540 placket1547 pig's eye1553 hen?1555 ware1558 pussy?a1560 jade1560 feme1566 gentlewoman1567 mort1567 pinnacea1568 jug1569 rowen1575 tarleather1575 mumps1576 skirt1578 piga1586 rib?1590 puppy1592 smock1592 maness1594 sloy1596 Madonna1602 moll1604 periwinkle1604 Partlet1607 rib of man1609 womanship?1609 modicum1611 Gypsy1612 petticoata1616 runniona1616 birda1627 lucky1629 she-man1640 her1646 lost rib1647 uptails1671 cow1696 tittup1696 cummer17.. wife1702 she-woman1703 person1704 molly1706 fusby1707 goody1708 riding hood1718 birdie1720 faggot1722 piece of goods1727 woman body1771 she-male1776 biddy1785 bitch1785 covess1789 gin1790 pintail1792 buer1807 femme1814 bibi1816 Judy1819 a bit (also bundle) of muslin1823 wifie1823 craft1829 shickster?1834 heifer1835 mot1837 tit1837 Sitt1838 strap1842 hay-bag1851 bint1855 popsy1855 tart1864 woman's woman1868 to deliver the goods1870 chapess1871 Dona1874 girl1878 ladykind1878 mivvy1881 dudess1883 dudette1883 dudine1883 tid1888 totty1890 tootsy1895 floozy1899 dame1902 jane1906 Tom1906 frail1908 bit of stuff1909 quim1909 babe1911 broad1914 muff1914 manhole1916 number1919 rossie1922 bit1923 man's woman1928 scupper1935 split1935 rye mort1936 totsy1938 leg1939 skinny1941 Richard1950 potato1957 scow1960 wimmin1975 womyn1975 womxn1991 1906 E. Dyson Fact'ry 'Ands i. 8 I may be wrong in thinkin' your tom was tryin' t' mash ther man shootin' off ther camera. 1933 N. Lindsay Saturdee 181 Who's yer tom? She must be yer sweetheart. Why don't yer up an' kiss her? 1951 D. Stivens Jimmy Brockett 102 ‘You did, darling,’ one of the little social toms said. She was a nuggety little sheila. b. British slang. A prostitute. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [noun] > a prostitute meretrixOE whoreOE soiled dovea1250 common womanc1330 putec1384 bordel womanc1405 putaina1425 brothelc1450 harlot?a1475 public womanc1510 naughty pack?1529 draba1533 cat1535 strange woman1535 stew1552 causey-paikera1555 putanie?1566 drivelling1570 twigger1573 punka1575 hackney1579 customer1583 commodity1591 streetwalker1591 traffic1591 trug1591 hackster1592 polecat1593 stale1593 mermaid1595 medlar1597 occupant1598 Paphian1598 Winchester goose1598 pagan1600 hell-moth1602 aunt1604 moll1604 prostitution1605 community1606 miss1606 night-worm1606 bat1607 croshabell1607 prostitute1607 pug1607 venturer1607 nag1608 curtal1611 jumbler1611 land-frigate1611 walk-street1611 doll-common1612 turn-up1612 barber's chaira1616 commonera1616 public commonera1616 trader1615 venturea1616 stewpot1616 tweak1617 carry-knave1623 prostibule1623 fling-dusta1625 mar-taila1625 night-shadea1625 waistcoateera1625 night trader1630 coolera1632 meretrician1631 painted ladya1637 treadle1638 buttock1641 night-walker1648 mob?1650 lady (also girl, etc.) of the game1651 lady of pleasure1652 trugmullion1654 fallen woman1659 girlc1662 high-flyer1663 fireship1665 quaedama1670 small girl1671 visor-mask1672 vizard-mask1672 bulker1673 marmalade-madam1674 town miss1675 town woman1675 lady of the night1677 mawks1677 fling-stink1679 Whetstone whore1684 man-leech1687 nocturnal1693 hack1699 strum1699 fille de joie1705 market-dame1706 screw1725 girl of (the) town1733 Cytherean1751 street girl1764 monnisher1765 lady of easy virtue1766 woman (also lady) of the town1766 kennel-nymph1771 chicken1782 stargazer1785 loose fish1809 receiver general1811 Cyprian1819 mollya1822 dolly-mop1834 hooker1845 charver1846 tail1846 horse-breaker1861 professional1862 flagger1865 cocodette1867 cocotte1867 queen's woman1871 common prostitute1875 joro1884 geisha1887 horizontal1888 flossy1893 moth1896 girl of the pavement1900 pross1902 prossie1902 pusher1902 split-arse mechanic1903 broad1914 shawl1922 bum1923 quiff1923 hustler1924 lady of the evening1924 prostie1926 working girl1928 prostisciutto1930 maggie1932 brass1934 brass nail1934 mud kicker1934 scupper1935 model1936 poule de luxe1937 pro1937 chromo1941 Tom1941 pan-pan1949 twopenny upright1958 scrubber1959 slack1959 yum-yum girl1960 Suzie Wong1962 mattress1964 jamette1965 ho1966 sex worker1971 pavement princess1976 parlour girl1979 crack whore1990 1941 V. Davis Phenomena in Crime xix. 255 Tom, old prostitute. 1955 M. Hastings Cork & Serpent i. 12 I'll bet she's holding out on us. We know these toms, sir. 1977 Time Out 17 June 18/1 What doesn't appear in the film but is very revealing about police mentality, is the filing room on prostitutes (or Toms as they are called). 1993 L. la Plante Prime Suspect 2 v. 90 It's possible that Nadine was a tom as well..perhaps Harvey was a small-time pimp? Phrases P1. ΚΠ 1567 T. Drant tr. Horace Arte of Poetrie sig. Aviijv What Tom, and Tib do rectefie, what lykes the carter clowne [L. siquid fricti ciceris probat et nucis emptor], The wyse men take not in good parte. 1606 N. Breton Choice, Chance, & Change sig. K2v When Tom, and Tib, were in their true delight, And hee lou'd her, and she held him full deere. 1689 W. Winstanley Poor Robin sig. C5 When Tib and Tom upon a Holy-day, Make fair assault on such good things as they. b. Tom, Dick, and (also or) Harry: used to refer to any average men, taken at random; ordinary people generally; anyone at all.For examples of similar collocations with other common male forenames, see sense 1b. ΚΠ 1730 Speech Mr. J. Checkley upon Tryal 12 They affirm, that once upon a time.., Tom, Dick, and Harry, ay, every individual Man, Woman, and Child, had a Right to the whole World. 1864 A. Trollope Can you forgive Her? I. xxxii. 254 Didn't he want to squander every shilling of the property,..property which I could give to Tom, Dick, or Harry tomorrow, if I liked? 1906 I. Zangwill Let. 29 Oct. in K. Gregory First Cuckoo (1978) 64 And have these wise and witty ladies less right than Tom, Dick or 'Arry to a direct influence on the government of their country? 2003 S. Brown Free Gift Inside! 145 Consider management consultancy, where every Tom, Dick, and Harry claims to possess the secret of corporate success. P2. Tom come tickle me n. †(a) a card game (obsolete); (b) U.S. a kind of parlour game involving tickling (now historical and rare). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > other card games > [noun] > others laugh and lie down1522 mack1548 decoyc1555 pinionc1557 to beat the knave out of doors1570 imperial1577 prima vista1587 loadum1591 flush1598 prime1598 thirty-perforce1599 gresco1605 hole1621 my sow's pigged1621 slam1621 fox-mine-host1622 whipperginnie1622 crimpa1637 hundred1636 pinache1641 sequence1653 lady's hole1658 quebas1668 art of memory1674 costly colours1674 penneech1674 plain dealing1674 wit and reason1680 comet1685 lansquenet1687 incertain1689 macham1689 uptails1694 quinze1714 hoc1730 commerce1732 matrimonya1743 tredrille1764 Tom come tickle me1769 tresette1785 snitch'ems1798 tontine1798 blind hazard1816 all fives1838 short cards1845 blind hookey1852 sixty-six1857 skin the lamb1864 brisque1870 handicap1870 manille1874 forty-five1875 slobberhannes1877 fifteen1884 Black Maria1885 slapjack1887 seven-and-a-half1895 pit1904 Russian Bank1915 red dog1919 fan-tan1923 Pelmanism1923 Slippery Sam1923 go fish1933 Russian Banker1937 racing demon1938 pit-a-pat1947 scopa1965 1769 Literary Reg. 1 117/1 I wish the ladies and gentlemen of the court were as much masters and mistresses of those games that would play for the welfare of the kingdom, as they are in those of All Fours, Tom come tickle me, and My Lady's Hole! 1801 M. Trumbull Let. 2 Jan. in H. M. Morgan Season in N.Y. 1801 (1969) 77 We were escorted home by Roswell Colt who spent the evening with us—after he was gone we had fine fun playing—Tom come tickle me. 1820 W. Irving Little Brit. in Sketch Bk. vii. 112 We played at All-Fours, Pope-Joan, Tom-come-tickle-me, and other choice old games. 1850 Boston Investigator 10 July No domestic amusement is countenanced of a higher grade than the blindman's-buff and Tom-come-tickle-me. 1899 J. W. Howe Reminiscences ii. 19 My grandfather was a stately old gentleman..fond of a game of whist. With us children he used to play a very simple game called ‘Tom, come tickle me.’ 2005 M. Caldwell New York Night (new ed.) iii. 73 The pastimes seem to have been simple, even juvenile by later measures..: playing parlor games like Tom Come Tickle Me (in which the object was not to laugh when someone tickled your knee.) P3. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > cribbage > [noun] > actions or tactics bilk1791 go1794 Tom Bray's bilk1819 muggins1948 1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Memoirs II. 219 Tom Bray's Bilk, laying out ace and deuce at cribbage. P4. Tom Cox's traverse n. chiefly Nautical (now historical and rare) a circular route which ends back where it began, esp. when undertaken to give a false impression of purposeful activity; frequently in to work Tom Cox's traverse (and variants): to go round in a circle; (also) to pretend to be busy in order to evade real work. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > other nautical operations > [noun] > action of work-shy sailor Tom Cox's traverse1803 1803 Man in Moon 17 Dec. (1804) 86 At last, the player-men clewed up the mainsail, and begun a great deal of scrimidging, or fighting like Tom Cox's Traverse, up one hatchway and down another. 1836 Slavery in Amer. Aug. 48/2 I have been amused at the dexterity with which a real ‘man of war's man’ would evade duty on ship-board, in a dark night, by ‘coming up one hatch-way and going down another.’ The sailor's [sic] call it ‘working Tom Cox's traverse’. 1858 Adelaide Times 16 Feb. 3/3 The prisoners..received their allowance, but one of them ‘worked Tom Cox's traverse’, and presented himself at the capstan-head for a second glass. 1901 Austral. Town & Country Jrnl. (Sydney) 16 Feb. 40/2 What's the good of this lubber? It's about time we had a king who'd do something for his living, 'stead of always working Tom Cox's traverse. 1988 R. Woodman Baltic Mission (2000) iv. 53 They knew when to ‘lay Tom Cox's traverse’ and avoid work. Compounds C1. a. ΚΠ 1847 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words II. 880/1 Tom-pin, a very large pin. tom-plough n. English regional (East Anglian) a double-breasted plough; = tommy plough n. at Tommy n.1 Compounds. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > ploughing equipment > [noun] > plough > double mould-board plough strike plough1789 tommy plough1814 tom-plough1833 strike-furrow plough1846 lister1887 1833 Ipswich Jrnl. 14 Sept. The Utensils, Implements and Harness—..one tom plough. 1849 W. Raynbird & H. Raynbird On Agric. Suffolk vi. 301 The tom or tommy plough is a plough with a double breast for ridging, or for clearing out furrows. 1960 G. E. Evans Horse in Furrow x. 135 We went through the furrows with a double-tom or tom-plough—a plough with two breasts. ΚΠ 1882 Sydney Slang Dict. 8 Tom-tart, Sydney, phrase for a girl or sweetheart. 1909 Sunday Times (Perth, Austral.) 10 Jan. 4/7 A tousled-haired tom-tart of the factory-hand order. 1912 Sun (Kalgoorlie, W. Austral.) 25 Feb. 5/2 One fresh girl every day in the week and two on Sundays, with casual tom-tarts and clyners thrown in. tom toe n. chiefly English regional (East Anglian in later use) the big toe. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > limb > digit > toe > [noun] > big toe thumble-toec1440 thumb?a1475 big toe1699 tom toe1823 hallux1831 1823 E. Moor Suffolk Words 437 Tom toe, the great toe of either foot. 1905 W. P. Merrick in Eng. Dial. Dict. VI. 183/1 [W. Midlands] He had an old wapse sting his tom-toe, and it laid him up for a long time. 1949 S. Grapes Boy John Lett. (1974) 21 She set her fut right onter Granfar's big tom toe. My hart he hallered, an sed a bad ward. 1972 Guardian 23 Feb. 12/2 An octogenarian farm worker..pointed out that, just as one's largest toe is the ‘tom toe’, so it followed naturally that the largest tit was the tom-tit. ΚΠ a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Tom-tommy,..a plough with a double breast, to clear out furrows. tom trot n. chiefly English regional (northern) (now chiefly historical) a type of treacle toffee, traditionally eaten around Guy Fawkes Night (5 November). ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > confections or sweetmeats > sweets > [noun] > a sweet > toffee taffy1817 Everton toffee1822 toffeea1825 hardbake1825 stickjaw1827 tom trot1829 tameletjie1838 butterscotch1847 peanut candy1856 caramel1884 treacle toffee1885 Harrogate toffee1890 brittle1892 peanut brittle1892 saltwater taffy1894 brickle1907 spin1913 hokey-pokey1939 1829 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words (new ed.) Tom-trot, candy made of treacle. Same as Taffy. 1833 Figaro in London 27 Apr. 62/2 Your petitioners therefore pray that..you will graciously introduce into your act a clause, by which the sale of tom trot, allacampane, brandy balls,..and all other sweetmeats of every kind and description whatsoever shall still be lawful upon the Lord's day. 1914 Folk-lore 25 376 At the small shops gingerbread was sold at this season, and also sticks of twisted toffee, ‘Tom Trot’—made at no other time. 2014 C. Pincher Dangerous to Know xvii. 207 She sold sweets, including a special toffee she made called Tom Trot, which I recall as short, dark brown sticks which were delightful to suck. b. Preceding another word or phrase treated as a kind of surname, so as to form a name or nickname, often applied familiarly or contemptuously.See also Tom Pudding n., Tom Tailor n. 2, Tom Thumb n., Tom Tiddler's ground n. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupid, foolish, or inadequate person > foolish person, fool > fool, simpleton > [noun] boinarda1300 daffc1325 goky1377 nicea1393 unwiseman1400 totc1425 alphinc1440 dawc1500 hoddypeak1500 dawpatea1529 hoddypolla1529 noddy1534 kimec1535 coxcomb1542 sheep1542 sheep's head1542 goose1547 dawcock1556 nodgecock1566 peak-goosea1568 hottie tottie?c1570 Tom Towly1582 wittol1588 goose-cap1589 nodgecomb1592 ninny1593 chicken1600 fopdoodle16.. hoddy-noddy1600 hoddy-doddy1601 peagoose1606 fopster1607 nazold1607 nupson1607 wigeon1607 fondrel1613 simpleton1639 pigwidgeon1640 simpletonian1652 Tony1654 nizy1673 Simple Simon?1673 Tom Farthing1674 totty-head1680 cockcomb1684 cod1699 nikin1699 sap-pate1699 simpkin1699 mackninnya1706 gilly-gaupus?1719 noodle1720 sapskull1735 gobbin?1746 Judy1781 zanya1784 spoony1795 sap-head1798 spoon1799 gomerel1814 sap1815 neddy1818 milestone1819 sunket1823 sunketa1825 gawp1825 gawpy1825 gawpus1826 Tomnoddy1826 Sammy1828 tammie norie1828 Tommy1828 gom1834 noodlehead1835 nowmun1854 gum-sucker1855 flat-head1862 peggy1869 noodledum1883 jay1884 toot1888 peanut head1891 simp1903 sappyhead1922 Arkie1927 putz1928 steamer1932 jerk-off1939 drongo1942 galah1945 Charley1946 nong-nong1959 mouth-breather1979 twonk1981 the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupid, foolish, or inadequate person > stupid person, dolt, blockhead > [noun] asseOE sotc1000 beastc1225 long-ear?a1300 stock1303 buzzard1377 mis-feelinga1382 dasarta1400 stonea1400 dasiberd14.. dottlec1400 doddypoll1401 dastardc1440 dotterel1440 dullardc1440 wantwit1449 jobardc1475 nollc1475 assheada1500 mulea1500 dull-pate15.. peak1509 dulbert?a1513 doddy-patec1525 noddypolla1529 hammer-head1532 dull-head?1534 capon1542 dolt1543 blockhead1549 cod's head1549 mome1550 grout-head1551 gander1553 skit-brains?1553 blocka1556 calfa1556 tomfool1565 dunce1567 druggard1569 cobble1570 dummel1570 Essex calf1573 jolthead1573 hardhead1576 beetle-head1577 dor-head1577 groutnoll1578 grosshead1580 thickskin1582 noddyship?1589 jobbernowl1592 beetle-brain1593 Dorbel1593 oatmeal-groat1594 loggerhead1595 block-pate1598 cittern-head1598 noddypoop1598 dorbellist1599 numps1599 dor1601 stump1602 ram-head1605 look-like-a-goose1606 ruff1606 clod1607 turf1607 asinego1609 clot-poll1609 doddiea1611 druggle1611 duncecomb1612 ox-head1613 clod-polla1616 dulman1615 jolterhead1620 bullhead1624 dunderwhelpa1625 dunderhead1630 macaroona1631 clod-patea1635 clota1637 dildo1638 clot-pate1640 stupid1640 clod-head1644 stub1644 simpletonian1652 bottle-head1654 Bœotiana1657 vappe1657 lackwit1668 cudden1673 plant-animal1673 dolt-head1679 cabbage head1682 put1688 a piece of wood1691 ouphe1694 dunderpate1697 numbskull1697 leather-head1699 nocky1699 Tom Cony1699 mopus1700 bluff-head1703 clod skull1707 dunny1709 dowf1722 stupe1722 gamphrel1729 gobbin?1746 duncehead1749 half-wit1755 thick-skull1755 jackass1756 woollen-head1756 numbhead1757 beef-head1775 granny1776 stupid-head1792 stunpolla1794 timber-head1794 wether heada1796 dummy1796 noghead1800 staumrel1802 muttonhead1803 num1807 dummkopf1809 tumphya1813 cod's head and shoulders1820 stoopid1823 thick-head1824 gype1825 stob1825 stookiea1828 woodenhead1831 ning-nong1832 log-head1834 fat-head1835 dunderheadism1836 turnip1837 mudhead1838 donkey1840 stupex1843 cabbage1844 morepork1845 lubber-head1847 slowpoke1847 stupiditarian1850 pudding-head1851 cod's head and shoulders1852 putty head1853 moke1855 mullet-head1855 pothead1855 mug1857 thick1857 boodle1862 meathead1863 missing link1863 half-baked1866 lunk1867 turnip-head1869 rummy1872 pumpkin-head1876 tattie1879 chump1883 dully1883 cretin1884 lunkhead1884 mopstick1886 dumbhead1887 peanut head1891 pie-face1891 doughbakea1895 butt-head1896 pinhead1896 cheesehead1900 nyamps1900 box head1902 bonehead1903 chickenhead1903 thickwit1904 cluck1906 boob1907 John1908 mooch1910 nitwit1910 dikkop1913 goop1914 goofus1916 rumdum1916 bone dome1917 moron1917 oik1917 jabroni1919 dumb-bell1920 knob1920 goon1921 dimwit1922 ivory dome1923 stone jug1923 dingleberry1924 gimp1924 bird brain1926 jughead1926 cloth-head1927 dumb1928 gazook1928 mouldwarp1928 ding-dong1929 stupido1929 mook1930 sparrow-brain1930 knobhead1931 dip1932 drip1932 epsilon1932 bohunkus1933 Nimrod1933 dumbass1934 zombie1936 pea-brain1938 knot-head1940 schlump1941 jarhead1942 Joe Soap1943 knuckle-head1944 nong1944 lame-brain1945 gobshite1946 rock-head1947 potato head1948 jerko1949 turkey1951 momo1953 poop-head1955 a right one1958 bam1959 nong-nong1959 dickhead1960 dumbo1960 Herbert1960 lamer1961 bampot1962 dipshit1963 bamstick1965 doofus1965 dick1966 pillock1967 zipperhead1967 dipstick1968 thickie1968 poephol1969 yo-yo1970 doof1971 cockhead1972 nully1973 thicko1976 wazzock1976 motorhead1979 mouth-breather1979 no-brainer1979 jerkwad1980 woodentop1981 dickwad1983 dough ball1983 dickweed1984 bawheid1985 numpty1985 jerkweed1988 dick-sucker1989 knob-end1989 Muppet1989 dingus1997 dicksack1999 eight ball- 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis Ded. sig. Aiv What Tom Towly is so simple, that wyl not attempt, too bee a rithmoure? 1693 T. Southerne Maids Last Prayer iii. i. 32 Come, let me rub you down, Tom dingle. 1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Tom Conney, a very silly fellow. 1711 Brit. Apollo 21–23 Feb. Never yet Woman..had..such a poor wretched Tom Dingle. 1772 T. Nugent tr. J. F. de Isla Hist. Friar Gerund I. ii. iv. 339 Phoo! thou Tom Dingle! what does Ver veris signify? 1906 ‘M. Corelli’ Treasure of Heaven vi. 78 Any amount o' Tom Conys what don't know a real cuckoo from a sham un'. (b) ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > fashionableness > [noun] > dandy popa1500 miniona1513 prick-me-daintya1529 puppy?1544 velvet-coat1549 skipjack1554 coxcomb1567 musk cat?1567 physbuttocke1570 Adonis?1571 Adon1590 foretop1597 musk-cod1600 pretty fellow1600 sparkc1600 spangle-baby1602 flash1605 barber-monger1608 cocoloch1610 dapperling1611 fantastica1613 feather-cock1612 trig1612 jack-a-dandy?1617 gimcrack1623 satinist1639 powder puffa1653 fop1676 prig1676 foplinga1681 cockcomb1684 beau garçona1687 shape1688 duke1699 nab1699 smirk1699 beau1700 petty master1706 moppet1707 Tom Astoner1707 dapper1709 petit maître1711 buck1725 toupee1727 toupet1728 toupet-man1748 jemmy1753 jessamy1753 macaroni1764 majoc1770 monkeyrony1773 dandyc1780 elegant1780 muscadin1794 incroyable1797 beauty man1800 bang-up1811 natty1818 ruffian1818 exquisite1819 heavy swell1819 marvellous1819 bit of stuff1828 merveilleux1830 fat1832 squirt1844 dandyling1846 ineffable1859 guinea pig1860 Dundreary swell1862 masher1872 dude1877 mash1879 dudette1883 dand1886 heavy gunner1890 posh1890 nut1904 smoothie1929 fancy-pants1930 saga boy1941 fancy Dan1943 1707 E. Ward Wooden World Dissected 80 It's barbarous..to have the Bread thus pick'd from our Mouths by little Tom Estenors. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Tom Astoners, dashing fellows; from astound or ‘astony’, to terrify. ΚΠ 1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Memoirs II. 219 Tom Brown, twelve in hand, or crib. ΚΠ 1698 E. Ward O Raree Show 1 The first that appeard was a great Tom-a-doodle, With a Cap like Bushel, to cover his Noddle. 1708 E. Ward London Terræ-filius No. 5. 10 That one Tom-doodle of a Son, who..if he happens to be Decoy'd..to fling away Two Pence in Strong Drink, he Talks of nothing but his Mother. 1761 Scotch Portmanteau opened at York 130 What a Zany..what an Hare-brained Fellow, what a Tom Doodle he has got in his Diocese. 1866 W. Thornbury Greatheart I. ii. 24 Why, I should be a ‘letter-pooch’ and a ‘tom-doodle’, if I didn't know the road across every moor thirty mile round Camelford! ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > equivocal quality, ambiguity > [noun] > exploiter of mealmouth1546 Tom Double1704 double-meaner1712 mealy-mouth1861 amphibian1902 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > evasive deception, shiftiness > [noun] > double-dealing, duplicity > a double-dealer ambidexter1395 doubler1556 Tom Double1704 1701 C. Davenant True Picture mod. Whig 9 In two days no Body was more caress'd and taken notice of than honest Tom Double.] 1704 L. Charles Cassandra I. 71 That you be not thought a True Tom-Double, either set down your Principles, and stand by them; or else Renounce them; but do not Betray them. 1706 tr. J. B. Morvan de Bellegarde Refl. upon Ridicule 145 Tom-doubles are to be avoided as Enemies that would betray you. 1756 Trial Roger for Murder Lady Betty Ireland 11 If you believe Tom Double's Evidence, the Prisoner is certainly guilty. Tom Drum n. see drum n.1 Phrases 3. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > stupid, foolish, or inadequate person > foolish person, fool > fool, simpleton > [noun] boinarda1300 daffc1325 goky1377 nicea1393 unwiseman1400 totc1425 alphinc1440 dawc1500 hoddypeak1500 dawpatea1529 hoddypolla1529 noddy1534 kimec1535 coxcomb1542 sheep1542 sheep's head1542 goose1547 dawcock1556 nodgecock1566 peak-goosea1568 hottie tottie?c1570 Tom Towly1582 wittol1588 goose-cap1589 nodgecomb1592 ninny1593 chicken1600 fopdoodle16.. hoddy-noddy1600 hoddy-doddy1601 peagoose1606 fopster1607 nazold1607 nupson1607 wigeon1607 fondrel1613 simpleton1639 pigwidgeon1640 simpletonian1652 Tony1654 nizy1673 Simple Simon?1673 Tom Farthing1674 totty-head1680 cockcomb1684 cod1699 nikin1699 sap-pate1699 simpkin1699 mackninnya1706 gilly-gaupus?1719 noodle1720 sapskull1735 gobbin?1746 Judy1781 zanya1784 spoony1795 sap-head1798 spoon1799 gomerel1814 sap1815 neddy1818 milestone1819 sunket1823 sunketa1825 gawp1825 gawpy1825 gawpus1826 Tomnoddy1826 Sammy1828 tammie norie1828 Tommy1828 gom1834 noodlehead1835 nowmun1854 gum-sucker1855 flat-head1862 peggy1869 noodledum1883 jay1884 toot1888 peanut head1891 simp1903 sappyhead1922 Arkie1927 putz1928 steamer1932 jerk-off1939 drongo1942 galah1945 Charley1946 nong-nong1959 mouth-breather1979 twonk1981 the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > reproductive organ disorders > [noun] > of male > impotence > person fumbler1640 Tom Farthing1674 1674 Women's Petition against Coffee 6 Tom Farthing, Tom Farthing, where hast thou been, Tom Farthing? Twelve a Clock e're you come in, Two a Clock e're you begin, And then at last can do nothing: Would make a Woman weary.] 1674 Mens Answer to Womens Petition against Coffee 4 Let such Tom Farthings be forbidden the decoction of the rare Arabian Berry. 1678 Poor Robin's True Char. Scold 6 She has either quite forgot his Name, or else she likes it not; which makes her Rebaptize him with more noble Titles, as White-liver'd Raskal, Drunken Sot, Sneaking Ninkompoop, or pitiful lowsy Tom Farthing. 1707 in H. Playford Wit & Mirth (new ed.) III. 95 Jove in his Throne was a Fumbler Tom Farthing, and Jockey and Jenny together did lie. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > rate of motion > slowness > [noun] > one who or that which moves slowly > slow-moving person Vulcan1600 Tom Long1602 dawdlea1764 dawdler1818 slowcoach1828 society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > copiousness > [noun] > prolixity > one who wire-drawer1566 Tom Long1785 1602 ‘A. Philalethes’ Answere Fraudulent Let. G. Blackwels Pref. sig. ¶iijv For as I hear say, Tom Long Carier is comming on his iorney (in the wide way to perdition) with Antichrist. 1661 Dialogue Two Giants in Guildhall 13 They might as well have sent them by Tom Long the Carrier. 1664 A. Brome Songs & Other Poems (ed. 2) xxxvii. 247 Thou may'st like Tom. Long for ever go, And ne'r come where thou art assign'd unto. 1785 F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue Tom Long, a tiresome story teller; it is coming by Tom Long, the carrier, said of any thing that has been long expected. Tom o' Bedlam n. (also Tom of Bedlam) now historical (the name of) a lunatic, a madman, esp. one claiming to have been licensed to beg on release from the Hospital of St Mary of Bethlehem in London (see bedlam n. 2); (also) a person feigning insanity in order to obtain money by begging; cf. Abraham man n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > mental health > mental illness > mentally ill person > [noun] > mad person woodman1297 madmanc1330 lunatic1377 franticc1380 madwomana1438 March harec1500 Bedlam beggar1525 fanaticc1525 bedlama1529 frenetic1528 Jack o' Bedlam1528 Tom o' Bedlam1569 crack-brain1570 madbrain1570 Tom1575 madcap1589 gelt1596 madhead1600 brainsick1605 madpash1611 non compos1628 madling1638 bedlam-man1658 bedlamerc1675 fan1682 bedlamite1691 cracka1701 lymphatic1708 shatter-brain1719 mad1729 maniaca1763 non compos mentis1765 shatter-pate1775 shatter-wit1775 insane1786 craze1831 dement1857 crazy1867 crackpot1883 loony1884 bug1885 psychopath1885 dingbat1887 psychopathic1890 ding-a-ling1899 meshuggener1900 détraqué1902 maddiea1903 nut1908 mental1913 ding1929 lakes1934 wack1938 fruitcake1942 nutty1942 barm-pot1951 nutcake1953 nutter1958 nutcase1959 nut job1959 meshuga1962 nutsy1964 headcase1965 nutball1968 headbanger1973 nutso1975 wacko1977 nut bar1978 mentalist1990 1569 ‘L. Avale’ Commem. Edmonde Boner sig. C.iijv The sonne of a villaine ingrosse. Whiche was the sonne of a Cutpurse. Whiche was the sonne of a Tom of Bedlam. a1616 W. Shakespeare King Lear (1623) i. ii. 132 Tom o' Bedlam. 1671 J. Glanvill Further Discov. Stubbe 28 [I] am afraid that some will think, that I am not well in my Wits, because I seriously answer such a Tom of Bedlam. a1697 J. Aubrey Brief Lives (1898) II. 82 It happened one time, that a Tom of Bedlam came-up to him [sc. Thomas More], and had a mind to have throwne him from the battlements. 1710 Divine Rights of Brit. Nation & Constit. Vindicated 89 The Pamphlet, like its Parent, is very rude and very silly, and raves throughout like a true Tom a' Bedlam. 1743 Westm. Jrnl. 6 Aug. You are proud, it should seem, of your Affinity with my Acquaintance Tom o' Bedlam. 1880 J. H. Shorthouse John Inglesant (1881) I. 72 Wandering beggars and halfwitted people called ‘Tom o' Bedlams’ who were a recognised order of mendicants. 1989 Iowa Rev. 19 98 There goes a screaming Tom O'Bedlam—a side-show for the man in a fine suit, on a great street at lunchtime. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > [noun] > odd-job or handyman factotum1562 Magister factotum1573 Johannes factotum1592 Jack of all trades1618 Tom of all trades1631 John-of-all-trades1639 handyman1742 odd man1743 gimcrack1766 Jack of all work1773 orraman1802 bottle washer1835 Jack1836 odd-jobs man1859 roustabout1862 hob-jobber1873 rouster1882 odd-jobber1886 knockabout1889 orra-loon1895 rouser1896 trouncer1896 leatherneck1898 loppy1898 rouseabout1901 bluetongue2002 1631 T. Powell Tom of All Trades Ep. Ded. 13 Our Tom of all Trades hereupon Askt what was his condition. ?1687 Jovial Tom (single sheet) My name is Tom of all Trades, I range the Land about, And have good store of trading, let who's will go without. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > member of the clergy > priest > kinds of priest > [noun] > ignorant Sir John Lack-latinc1534 patrico?1536 hedge-priest1550 Tom Pat1710 1710 G. L. Amorous Gallant's Tongue (ed. 5) 109 A Parson, Tom Patt. 1728 Street-robberies, Consider'd 35 Tom Pat, a Parson. 1789 Solitary Castle I. xi. 169 As to that matter, you may call a Tom-pat a black bird if you please,..but I think him more like a wood-pecker; for you may see him every Sunday, up to his ears in oak, just thrusting his head out of his nest. 1873 C. G. Leland Eng. Gipsies & their Lang. vi. 86 Bats, a low term for a pair of boots, especially bad ones..generally called, however, by the Romany in England, Tom Pats. 1890 A. Barrère & C. G. Leland Dict. Slang, Jargon & Cant II. 362/1 Tom-pats, in canting, shoes. Tom Pepper n. colloquial (originally Nautical) the name of a character proverbially said to have been so great a liar that he was expelled from Hell; (hence) an outrageous liar; frequently in a bigger liar than Tom Pepper and variants. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > [noun] > a liar liarc950 gabbera1325 fabler1362 wernard1362 leasing-mongerc1380 false sayera1382 leasing-maker1424 leasing-bearerc1440 contriver1477 drivelard1530 falsifier1532 lie-teller1552 Ananias1572 lick-dish1575 falsificator1609 fabulist1626 cracka1640 leaser1641 commentiter1645 prevaricator1650 cracker1652 bugiarda1670 rapper1758 pseudologist1804 Tom Pepper1818 wrinkler1819 lie-monger1830 untruther1889 tale-teller1894 1818 ‘A. Burton’ Adventures Johnny Newcome iv. 248 A Defence which might Have made Tom Pepper blush outright. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Tom Pepper, a term for a liar. 1885 D. D. Porter Adventures Harry Marline i. 18 He is a bigger liar than Tom Pepper, who was kicked out of a certain unmentionable place for lying. 1914 D. Coolidge Bat Wing Bowles iv. 45 They said you was a worser liar than old Tom Pepper—and he got kicked out of hell fer lyin'. 1977 G. F. Newman Prisoner's Tale ii. 31 Lynn accepted that all screws were Tom Peppers, and told whatever lies suited them. 2002 S. Burke Deadwater ix. 90 Talk, you lying white bitch; talk, you fucking Tom Pepper, 'cause you knows, Lida, if anyone fucking knows. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > fairy or elf > [noun] > imp, goblin, or hobgoblin thursec725 puckOE puckleOE goblina1350 hurlewaynes kin1399 Hoba1500 bogle?1507 chimera?1521 hobgoblin1530 chyppynutie?1553 bearbug1560 boggard1570 bugbear?c1570 empusa1572 puckerelc1580 puck bug1582 imp1584 urchin1584 fear-babea1586 hob-thrush1590 hodge-poker1598 lar1598 poker1598 bogle-bo1603 mormo1605 foliot1621 mormolukee1624 buggle-boo1625 pug1631 black man1656 feind1659 Tom Poker1673 duende1691 boodie?a1700 worricow1711 bolly1724 Tom Po1744 fleying1811 pooka1824 booger1827 alp1828 boll1847 bogy1857 beastie1867 boogie1880 shag boy1882 the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > quality of terribleness > [noun] > one who or that which terrifies > object of terror (usually imaginary) buga1425 buggart1440 gay horse1483 bogle?1507 chimera?1521 bog1527 terriculament1548 bugbear1552 bull-bear1561 hag1563 boggard1574 scare-bug1583 bull-beggar1584 kill-cow fray1589 poker1598 bug-boy1601 bogle-bo1603 mormo1605 mock-beggar1611 mormolukee1624 Tom Poker1673 raw-head1678 hobgoblin1709 bugaboo1733 Tom Po1744 spectre1774 bogy-man1862 bogy1865 1744 Z. Grey in Butler's Hudibras (new ed.) II. 207 (note) You are afraid you shall meet Tom Po. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > fairy or elf > [noun] > imp, goblin, or hobgoblin thursec725 puckOE puckleOE goblina1350 hurlewaynes kin1399 Hoba1500 bogle?1507 chimera?1521 hobgoblin1530 chyppynutie?1553 bearbug1560 boggard1570 bugbear?c1570 empusa1572 puckerelc1580 puck bug1582 imp1584 urchin1584 fear-babea1586 hob-thrush1590 hodge-poker1598 lar1598 poker1598 bogle-bo1603 mormo1605 foliot1621 mormolukee1624 buggle-boo1625 pug1631 black man1656 feind1659 Tom Poker1673 duende1691 boodie?a1700 worricow1711 bolly1724 Tom Po1744 fleying1811 pooka1824 booger1827 alp1828 boll1847 bogy1857 beastie1867 boogie1880 shag boy1882 the mind > emotion > fear > quality of inspiring fear > quality of terribleness > [noun] > one who or that which terrifies > object of terror (usually imaginary) buga1425 buggart1440 gay horse1483 bogle?1507 chimera?1521 bog1527 terriculament1548 bugbear1552 bull-bear1561 hag1563 boggard1574 scare-bug1583 bull-beggar1584 kill-cow fray1589 poker1598 bug-boy1601 bogle-bo1603 mormo1605 mock-beggar1611 mormolukee1624 Tom Poker1673 raw-head1678 hobgoblin1709 bugaboo1733 Tom Po1744 spectre1774 bogy-man1862 bogy1865 1673 Remarks upon Remarques 98 He scares Children in the Country, and cries don't go to London, for Tom Poker will get you and put you into his Pocket. 1788 ‘Nurse Lovechild’ Tommy Thumb's Song Bk. 5 This in particular, I insist on,..that you never mention a Bull Beggar, Tom Poker, Raw Head and Bloody Bones, &c. a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Tom Poker,..the great bugbear and terror of naughty children, who inhabits dark closets [etc.]. 1902 Longman's Mag. Nov. 41 I tells him them days o' Tom-pokers be gone. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > the common people > [noun] > one of the common people Jackc1390 fellowa1400 commonerc1400 populara1525 plebeianc1550 ungentle1562 Tom Tiler1582 roturier1586 vulgarity1646 little man1707 pleb1795 man of the people1799 the man in the street1831 snob1831 man1860 oickman1925 society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > married person > married man > [noun] > husband > henpecked husband John Thomson's man?a1513 Tom Tiler1582 henpeck1711 jerry-sneak1820 monkey-man1840 1582 R. Stanyhurst in tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis 108 An Epitaph..such as oure vnlearned Rythmours..make vpon thee death of euery Tom Tyler. a1625 J. Fletcher Womans Prize ii. vi, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Ooooo2/2 She shall Tom Tilers, And brave ones too. 1853 Notes & Queries 10 Sept. 240/1 The ignominious Tom Tiler (North Country for hen-pecked husband). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > performance of jester or comedian > [noun] > jester or comedian jugglerc1175 foolc1300 jangler1303 fool sagec1330 ribald1340 ape-ward1362 japer1377 sage fool1377 harlotc1390 disporter?a1475 jocular?a1475 joculatora1500 jester?1518 idiot1526 scoffer1530 sporter1531 dizzardc1540 vice1552 antic1564 bauble-bearer1568 scoggin1579 buffoon1584 pleasant1595 zany1596 baladine1599 clown1600 fiddle1600 mimic1601 ape-carrier1615 mime1616 mime-man1631 merry man1648 tomfool1650 pickle-herring1656 badine1670 puddingc1675 merry-andrew1677 mimical1688 Tom Tram1688 Monaghan1689 pickled herring1711 ethologist1727 court-foola1797 Tom1817 mimer1819 fun-maker1835 funny man1839 mimester1846 comic1857 comedian1860 jokesman1882 comique1886 Joey1896 tummler1938 alternative comedian1981 Andrew- 1688–9 (title) Tom Tram of the west, son-in-law to Mother Winter. 1702 M. Prior in J. Dryden Sylvæ (ed. 3) 203 All your Wits that flear and sham, Down from Don Quixot to Tom Tram. 1739 ‘R. Bull’ tr. F. Dedekind Grobianus 39 To a Book..in Dutch, entituled, the Life of Uyle-Spegel, or Owl-glass; a Hero of equal Rank with Tom Tram in English. 1894 Folk-lore 5 100 The ‘Enfance’ tales, of the Tom Tram type. ΚΠ 1568 U. Fulwell Like wil to Like sig. A.iii Sancte benedicite, whom haue we heer? Tom tumbler or els some dauncing bear? Body of me it were best go no near. 1603 S. Harsnett Declar. Popish Impostures xxi. 135 Ware where you walke for feare of bull-beggers, spirits, witches, vrchins, Elues,..the fire-drake, the puckle, Tom thumbe, hobgoblin, Tom-tumbler, Boneles, and the rest. 1708 N. Rowe Royal Convert Epil. sig. A4 To no Enthusiastick Rage we swell, Nor foam, nor act Tom Tumbler out of Zeal. Tom Turdman n. now archaic and historical a man employed to empty cesspools, outdoor privies, etc. ΚΠ 1694 P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais Pantagruel's Voy.: 4th Bk. Wks. iv. xv. 66 Do you call this a Wedding? By St. Briget's Tooth, I had rather be at that of a Tom T—d-Man. 1697 Night-walker Jan. 26 All the Difference I knew betwixt a Bawd and a Procurer was only such as was betwixt a Common Tom-Turdman, and a Person of Quality's House-Maid, who emptied Close Stools. 1736 Gentleman's Mag. May 272/1 Pimps, parasites, and usurers, and dunners; Tip-staffs, tom-turdman, messengers of state. ?1760 Nimble & Quick 4 It would puzzle a philosopher to give the preference to a chimney-sweeper or a Tom turdman, they are both such useful members of the community. 1893 J. S. Farmer & W. E. Henley Slang III. 173/1 Gold-finder.., an emptier of privies. Also Tom-turd-man. 1946 ‘J. Lane’ Madame Geneva i. iv. 65 ‘The very smell of it [sc. gin] is somehow evil.’ ‘So is that of a close-stool and a Tom-turdman, yet both benefit mankind.’ 1975 G. Legman Rationale of Dirty Joke II. xv. 921 The creation of sewers..almost entirely did away with the former profession of privy-cleaner, having been preceded by the ‘night-man’ or ‘Tom Turdman’. C2. a. Preceding words for birds, and occasionally other animals, with the sense ‘male’; chiefly (now only) with reference to turkeys (cf. sense 4b). See also tomcat n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > family unit > [adjective] > male hea1382 malea1398 Tom1833 1833 New Eng. Farmer 3 Apr. 299/2 A pair of young Tom Turkeys, shot on Mount Tom. 1859 J. R. Bartlett Dict. Americanisms (ed. 2) Tom-Dog, male dogs, as well as cats, take the prefix ‘tom’, in some parts of the West. 1893 G. D. Leslie Lett. to Marco xxxii. 214 The tom-swan..landed on a likely spot. 1905 Daily Chron. 31 Oct. 4/7 In his part [sc. Hampshire] people spoke of tom-rats, tom-rabbits, tom-mice, tom-hedgehogs [etc.]. 1980 Washington Post 20 July m13 Here is a place where in the spring tom turkeys sometimes gobble, seeking hens to mate with. 2009 J. W. Richards Money, Greed, & God vii. 172 Several times a year, they receive twenty thousand tom chicks from Canada and house them in the ‘brooder’ barn for four weeks. b. In names of animals. See also tomcod n. N.E.D. (1912) lists also Tom-hoop (compare hoop n.2 2) but this has not been traced elsewhere and perhaps reflects a confusion with Tony-hoop, a regional name for the bullfinch (1830 or earlier). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > order Passeriformes (singing) > arboreal families > family Paridae > [noun] > genus Parus (tit) > parus major (great tit) great titmouse1544 ox-eye1544 tomtit1648 black cap1802 oven's nesta1825 pick-cheesea1825 Tom-noup1832 saw-sharpener1885 1832 Mag. Nat. Hist. 5 661 A greater titmouse (Pàrus major L.), or Tom Noup (as we call him here [sc. near Shrewsbury]), has annually, or nearly so, built [a nest] in my pump. 1879 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. Tom-noup, Parus major, the Great Titmouse... It is proverbially said of a swaggering, pretentious little man that, ‘'E's like a Tum-noup on a round o' bif’. 1887 T. Darlington Folk-speech S. Cheshire 289 Yander's a Tum-nowp i' the gooseberry bushes. Tom Titmouse n. now rare (a name for) the tomtit (tomtit n. 1a).Frequently as a proper name, personifying the bird; cf. jenny wren n. 1, robin redbreast n. I. ΚΠ 1576 G. Gascoigne Complaynt of Phylomene in Steele Glas sig. Kv Sometimes I wepe To see Tom Tyttimouse, so much set by. 1640 Cawwood the Rooke i. sig. A3 In a short time there were come unto the Court of Sylvia, Rubert the Robin, Mavis the Magpie, Phillip the Sparrow..with Philomel the Nightingall, Tom Titmouse, Parvis the Wren..and Maybird the Cuckoo. c1776 in Roxburghe Ballads (1889) VI. 308 Says Tom Tit-Mouse then, ‘There be some men That will change nine times a day’. 1838 Chambers's Edinb. Jrnl. 12 May 125/2 If..it [sc. a hedge] ever got the length of affording so much as shelter to a kitty-wren or a tom-titmouse. 1922 M. Webb Seven for Secret xvii. 160 Like tom-titmice to a bone they come. 1956 N. K. Duffy Amer. Childhood Jan. 62/1 Tom Titmouse sings and whistles Upon a tiny twig; The icy winds are blowing And ruffling up his wig. DerivativesΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Felidae (feline) > felis domesticus (cat) > [noun] > male Gilbert?a1500 boar-cat1607 ram-cat1672 tomcat1772 tomling1821 Tom1826 1821 R. Southey Select. from Lett. (1856) III. 244 We are promised to succeed him a Black Tomling. tomship n. humorous the fact or condition of being a tomcat; (also) a mock title of respect for a tomcat. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > family Felidae (feline) > felis domesticus (cat) > [noun] > male > personality of tomship1821 1821 R. Southey Select. from Lett. (1856) III. 240 Moved by compassion (his [sc. a cat's] colour and his tomship also being taken into consideration), I consented to give him an asylum. 1887 Peoria Med. Monthly Mar. 522 A cat could be thrown through the chinks of the logs without leaving a hair to show that his tomship had ever been about. 1939 Creston (Iowa) News Advertiser 24 Aug. 5/1 ‘Now, all together feller!’ his Tomship would yowl and the night would become hideous. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, January 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). tomn.2 colloquial. A tomato. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > fruits as vegetables > [noun] > tomato love apple1578 tomato1604 wolf's peach1760 pomodoro1842 Jew's ear1883 tom1912 1912 Retail Grocers Advocate (Calif.) 12 Sept. 34/3 Chili Toms. 1920 Chambers's Jrnl. 15 May 384/1 The acreage of ‘outside toms’ is increasing annually. 1976 Coventry Evening Tel. 27 Oct. 9/3 (heading) Summer of the giant toms. 2015 Food Family Living (Tesco) June 33/1 These meaty toms are considered the best for making tomato sauce. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, January 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). tomn.3 slang (chiefly British). Jewellery; = tomfoolery n. 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > jewellery > [noun] jewelleryc1400 pierreriea1450 usker1536 lapidary1609 bijouterie1815 junk1911 tomfoolery1930 tom1955 1955 P. Wildeblood Against Law 119 Two grand's worth of tom. 1970 G. F. Newman Sir, You Bastard ii. 68 What d'you do with the tom and money you had out of Manor Gardens this afternoon? 1985 L. Griffiths Arthur Daley's Guide to doing it Right 76 They wear the same kind of clothes, the same kind of Tom on their wrists. 2007 F. Foreman Brown Bread Fred ix. 118 Our haul was only a few thousand and a bit of tom. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, January 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). tomn.4 colloquial. A type of hand-beaten drum; a tom-tom. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > percussion instrument > drum > [noun] > low-pitched drum tom-tom1909 tom1970 1970 J. Wainwright Freeze thy Blood less Coldly 11 Fatso grinned and notched the buckle of a tom case. 1975 J. Pidgeon Flame v. 65 Around the drum kit he arranged four mikes, one for the bass drum, one for the floor tom, one for the snare, and one overhead. 2000 Country Music People May 34/4 It's the sparsest track here, with Indian toms and plinkety guitar driving the track along behind Heatherly's zesty vocal. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, January 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). tomv.ΚΠ 1853 Empire (Sydney) 15 Aug. 2630/6 Several parties are doing exceedingly well by tomming the tailings in the creek. 1881 Ann. Rep. Dept. Mines New S. Wales 1880 119 Several other parties tommed and cradled at Hodson and Matthew's dams. 1906 C. de L. Canfield Diary of Forty-Niner xix. 168 A man named Jenkins was working at the head of Missouri Gulch, ‘tomming’. 2. transitive. To support or secure (loose cargo, part of a mine, etc.) using a timber prop or brace, esp. by wedging the prop against an overhead structure. Often with adverb, as off or up. Cf. Tom n.1 6. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > support > [verb (transitive)] > with wood tom1858 wood1918 1858 [implied in: R. W. Stevens On Stowage Ships & their Cargoes 154 Tomming up or off is another name for shoring.]. 1867 R. W. Stevens On Stowage Ships & their Cargoes (ed. 4) 191 She had on her ceiling a grain-tight platform fitted on riders which were previously ‘tommed up’ to the height required. 1903 Page's Mag. Mar. 239/2 Timber [sc. in a gold mine] was split in two to form the strap... The strap was then temporarily tommed. 1905 Thames Star (Waikato, N.Z.) 16 Nov. 1/7 The foundations [of the crane] have been silled at the ground line and the sills tommed off to the bed plate of the standard. 1953 J. Lindsay Rising Tide i. 23 The beam-ends were not of the kind that could be bolted, and so they needed to be tommed up with wooden struts. 1979 Terminal Operations Coordinator's Handbk. U.S. Army Field Man. 55-17 6-6 The general terms ‘securing’ and ‘dunnaging’ are used interchangeably to describe the procedures by which military explosives are effectively blocked, braced, and tommed aboard merchant-type ships. 2005 W. R. Benedetto Sailing into Abyss ii. 35 I want all hatches tommed down, Wilson told the men. 3. transitive. To address (a person) as ‘Tom’, esp. in a familiar or informal manner. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > conversation > addressing or speaking to > speak to or address [verb (transitive)] > in a specific way thoua1425 thowt1440 yeet1440 ye1483 boy1573 uncle1597 goodfellow1628 thee1657 fellow1665 tutoyer1697 honour1726 pa1823 good man1846 old boy1867 tom1897 1897 W. Drysdale Beach Patrol vi. 107 You have made a brave start, Perry—or Tom, if you insist upon being Tommed. 1900 S. J. Weyman Sophia xxiv. 319 ‘You may Tom me, you don't alter it,’ he answered. 2007 G. Kotis Pig Farm i. ii. 23 Don't you ‘Tom’ me! 4. British slang. a. transitive. coarse slang. Chiefly of a man: to have sex with (a person). Cf. tomcat v. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual activity > engage in sexual activity with [verb (transitive)] > have sexual intercourse with mingeOE haveOE knowc1175 ofliec1275 to lie with (or by)a1300 knowledgec1300 meetc1330 beliea1350 yknowc1350 touchc1384 deala1387 dightc1386 usea1387 takec1390 commona1400 to meet witha1400 servea1400 occupy?a1475 engender1483 jangle1488 to be busy with1525 to come in1530 visitc1540 niggle1567 mow1568 to mix one's thigh with1593 do1594 grind1598 pepper1600 yark1600 tumble1603 to taste of1607 compressc1611 jumble1611 mix?1614 consort?1615 tastea1616 bumfiddle1630 ingressa1631 sheet1637 carnal1643 night-work1654 bump1669 bumble1680 frig?c1680 fuck1707 stick1707 screw1719 soil1722 to do over1730 shag1770 hump1785 subagitatec1830 diddle1879 to give (someone) onec1882 charver1889 fuckeec1890 plugc1890 dick1892 to make a baby1911 to know (a person) in the biblical sense1912 jazz1920 rock1922 yentz1924 roll1926 to make love1927 shtupa1934 to give (or get) a tumble1934 shack1935 bang1937 to have it off1937 rump1937 tom1949 to hop into bed (with)1951 ball1955 to make it1957 plank1958 score1960 naughty1961 pull1965 pleasurea1967 to have away1968 to have off1968 dork1970 shaft1970 bonk1975 knob1984 boink1985 fand- 1949 E. Partridge Dict. Slang (ed. 3) 1204/2 Tom, (of men) to coït with. 1973 J. Wainwright Touch of Malice 127 Ah tommed thee a few times 'afore we were wed. 2014 J. Higgins Rain on Dead ix. 199 ‘You bastard,’ she shouted. ‘Where in the hell have you been?’... ‘Pull yourself together... I haven't been tomming some tart, I've been talking to the Master.’ b. intransitive. Chiefly English regional (northern). Of a man: to behave like a tomcat; esp. to behave in a sexually adventurous or promiscuous manner; frequently with about, around, etc. Also occasionally of a woman.When used of a woman, perhaps influenced by or falling together with sense 4c. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > [verb (intransitive)] > be promiscuous to play legerdeheel1605 to put it about1817 to do the (also a) naughty1902 to fool around1923 sleep1928 to play around1929 alleycat1937 to screw around1939 bed-hop1943 tom1950 horse1953 to whore it up1956 swing1964 1950 S. Chaplin Thin Seam 52 Booze, gamblin'; tommed about a bit too. 1968 ‘J. Ross’ Diminished by Death i. 14 I don't buy that a missing woman of this age..from her background..poses a question we can answer by saying she's just tomming around. 2012 J. Cunningham Wee Willie Harris Once Stood On My Foot 213 It seemed to me that if I had a smart bird like Anne on tap, I wouldn't be tomming around with tatty rubbish like this. 2013 B. Bodman Faraday's Eyes 65 ‘Did a bit in the ring when I was a kid,’ he offered, ‘Which stood me in good stead when I was tomming around the valleys.’ c. intransitive. Chiefly of a woman: to practise prostitution; to act as or like a prostitute. Also transitive with it. Cf. Tom n.1 7b, tomming n. 4a. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > licentiousness > unchastity > prostitution > [verb (intransitive)] > practise prostitution to walk the street(s)1530 to play the harlot (formerly also harlots)1535 whore1547 strumpc1550 strumpet1627 prostitute1631 to be (also to go) on (or upon) the street(s)1754 hustle1930 ho1972 tom1981 1981 A. Sewart Close your Eyes & Sleep xviii. 181 What was she doing? Tomming, to put it bluntly. She was having it off with a bloke. 2007 B. Lightbody Whitechapel iii. 40 She must be tomming it around here. 2008 D. Graham Mutts Nuts xi. 101 She came from a clean happy home always..well looked after by a babysitter when her mother was out tomming. 5. intransitive or transitive with it. Originally U.S. slang (derogatory). Chiefly in African-American usage. Of a black person: to behave towards a white person, or white people generally, in a manner considered to be obsequious or servile; (hence, more generally) to be excessively obedient or ingratiating; = Uncle Tom v. 1. Frequently in to tom it (up). Cf. Tom n.1 1e. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > servility > be servile [verb (intransitive)] > be servile as black person Uncle Tom1933 tom1963 1963 L. Bennett in Negro Digest Jan. 70/1 They say you are going to chicken out, Papa... They're betting you'll ‘Tom’. 1971 Life 10 Dec. 16 (headline) Tomming it with Tevye. 1972 M. J. Bosse Incident at Naha ii. 94 Virgil just smiled, Tomming it up. 2006 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 26 Feb. 12 Malcolm is selling sandwiches on the train, cynically ‘Tomming it up’ for tips. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, January 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < |
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