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tomahawkn.  Brit.  /ˈtɒməhɔːk/, U.S. /ˈtɑməˌhɔk/, /ˈtɑməˌhɑk/, Australian English /ˈtɔməˌhɔːk/, New Zealand English /ˈtɒməˌhɔːk/Origin: A borrowing from Virginia Algonquian. Etymons: Virginia Algonquian tamohake, tomahack Etymology: < Virginia Algonquian tamohake, tomahack (pronounced /təmahaːk/) < a verb with the sense ‘to chop (something) off’ + a suffix forming nouns of instrument; compare Munsee tŭmakíikan, Eastern Abenaki təmáhikan, both in sense ‘axe’.Sometimes written with a hyphen after the second syllable (or, in β. forms, after tom- ) and occasionally as two words, apparently reflecting reinterpretation as a compound. Forms beginning in tommy- apparently reflect a regional or colloquial pronunciation of the unstressed vowel (also seen e.g. in earlier tommihawk), reinforced by association with the male forename Tommy (see Tommy n.1). In this form sometimes as two words with capital initials, as if a person's name. With specific use in Australia and New Zealand (see sense 2d) compare later tommy axe n. 2. In the β. forms with elision of the second syllable; compare later tom-axe n. society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > club or stick > [noun] society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > axe > [noun] c1612 W. Strachey (1953) i. vi. 86 They could take Symon..Prysoner for all his Tamahauke, that is his Hatchett. 1634 W. Wood ii. i. 58 [They] beate them downe with their right hand Tamahaukes, and left hand Iavelins. 1674 J. Josselyn 147 Their other weapons are Tamahawks which are staves two foot and a half long with a knob at the end as round as a bowl. 1716 B. Church i. 24 A great surly look'd fellow took up his Tomhog, or wooden Cutlash, to kill Mr. Church, but some others prevented him. 1738 T. Salmon XXXI. 114 They with their Tomahawks easily open the Bark and strip it whole off. 1756 G. Washington Let. in (1889) I. 393 The wampum and tomahawks I have purchased. a1817 T. Dwight (1821) I. 118 Another of their principal weapons was the well known Tomahawk, or war-club... Since the arrival of the English, they have used fire-arms. To these they add a long knife: and a small battle-axe, to which they have transferred the name of Tomahawk. 1851 M. Reid II. v. 70 They [sc. Indians] break the shanks [of buffalo] with their tomahawks. 1869 J. Lubbock (ed. 2) iv. 91 The North American stone axe or tomahawk served not merely as an implement, but also as a weapon. 1917 H. Hunt & F. C. Kaylor I. x. 81 Doctor Whitman while administering to a sick Indian, was struck in the head with a tomahawk. 1979 10 Mar. 13/1 It's said maple syrup was discovered when an Iroquois threw a tomahawk, missed his mark and hit the trunk of a sugar maple tree. 2015 (Nexis) 8 Aug. 8 b The tomahawk is a handmade replica made of wood with a rhyolite blade. 2. With reference to other weapons and tools. 1681 N. Grew iv. ii. 367 A Tamahauke, or Brazilian Fighting-Club. 1808 (Royal Soc.) 98 305 They follow the animal [sc. a koala] to the extremity of a bough, and either kill it with the tomahawk, or take it alive. 1820 113 Bows and arrows being their general offensive weapon, a rude tomahawk their only defensive one. 1861 A. W. Howitt Diary 2 Oct. in 12/2 A stone tomahawk, cemented into a boxwood handle. 1902 G. S. Whitmore viii. 120 I always carried in my girdle a Maori tomahawk, a trophy from Ngatapa, and if I had been where I was a moment or two before the sentry would have been noiselessly killed. 1952 22 268 The Malindji have stone spears and short sticks, whereas Mimi have similar spears, also stone tomahawks. 2014 (Nexis) 18 Jan. 16 One Maori rushed forward with his raised tomahawk. society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > axe > [noun] 1761 Ordnance 12 Aug. in C. J. Ffoulkes & E. C. Hopkinson (1938) 120 Tommihawks. 1776 T. Aram 5 They then boarded us on our starboard quarter with pistols and tommahawks, to the number of about one hundred, and began to break open the companion. 1802 J. Jones in 7 348 I saw him chop at him with a..tomahawk. 1834 F. Marryat II. xvi. 285 In a moment, pikes, tomahawks, cutlasses, and pistols were seized..and our men poured into the eighty-gun ship, and in two minutes the decks were cleared, and all the Dons pitched below. 1874 F. G. D. Bedford vi. 186 A couple of tomahawks will be found useful. 1938 C. J. Ffoulkes & E. C. Hopkinson 119 (caption) Tomahawk or boarding axe, 1872-97. 2013 M. Bibbings in T. Voelcker ix. 113 Two were assigned pikes, and the third assigned the tomahawk or boarding axe. the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > other agricultural implements 1793 W. Tench xvi. 148 To clear and cultivate the land, a hatchet, a tomahawk, two hoes, a spade and a shovel, are given to each person, whether man or woman. c1825 J. Clare in M. Grainger (1982) 88 The hookd bill usd by hedgers & calld by them a tomahawk. 1832 3 No. 16. 653 Mortises made by a centre-bit leave an intermediate piece between the apertures. This is taken out by the tomahawk, a tool made for the purpose. One end is a sharp stout pointed knife, which cuts each side of the middle piece left in the mortise, and the other end hooks out the piece not dislodged by the knife. 1881 G. F. Jackson Suppl. Tummy-awk, a dung-fork, carried at the back of the cart, and used to scrape out the manure, on the land, as it is required. 1941 H. J. Massingham ii. 51 Gouging out mouldings with the tomahawk. 1979 N. Rogers 89/2 Tomahawk, a gardening tool either like a draw-hoe, but with a long, thin blade, similar to an adze, or with four tines set at right angles to the handle, and used in earthing up potatoes. 1999 T. Quinn & P. Felix 53 The Tommy Hawk is an old-fashioned device for making mortices, the joint used to attach the rails to the ‘heads’, as we call the end pieces. society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > sharp weapon > axe > [noun] > hatchet 1803 27 Nov. The bristly animal [sc. a pig]..was immediately assaulted with a tomahawk, which the uncharitable assailant buried in its head. 1815 S. Marsden (1932) 138 Twenty dozen tommy hawkes, twenty dozen of sickles. 1854 H. B. Stoney xv. 190 Having obtained the necessary supplies of bacon and biscuit, tea and sugar, tomahawks, and other indispensables for a bush expedition. 1962 ‘Hori’ 17 I would rather cut up a three-ply tea chest for kindling with a blunt tommyhawk. 1986 8 Apr. 1/3 The other man..is to be extradited, on bail, to Queensland to face a charge of attempting to murder, by the use of a tomahawk, a 74-year-old man. 2006 (Nexis) 19 Oct. 9 The barrow was fashioned with a tomahawk and some leather thongs from bush sticks and a little case of wood. the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > spitefulness > [noun] > imaginary instrument of the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > spite, malice > [noun] > active > imaginary instrument of 1779 12 What though the Vengeance of an angry Bard..With the fell Tomahawk of Satire curst, O'er thy good Name like a rough Tempest burst? 1798 28 The liberal acumen of Parr has assayed the Life of Lorenzo, and has found it sterling gold. Its dignity and grace have shielded its author from the merciless tomahawk of the writer of the Pursuits of Literature. 1806 T. S. Surr II. viii. 195 His meek nature..would..sink beneath the tomahawk of such a barbarian as the writer of the article in question. 1897 30 Sept. 8/2 He flourished the rhetorical tomahawk over ‘those false teachers who say that the articles of Christian faith are illusions’. 1900 25 Nov. 748/2 The emancipated priest..is on the warpath, brandishing the intellectual tomahawk over the heads of the faithful. 1974 13 Dec. a1/1 They tried to keep a pair of Sitting Bulls in the persons of Gov.-elect Robert Bennett and Budget Director James Bibb from putting the fiscal tomahawk to K-State. 1999 (Nexis) 26 Oct. 12 c A few Yankees fans, who drew verbal tomahawks from the Braves faithful. society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > guided or ballistic missile > [noun] > types of 1976 15 Feb. 73/2 The Tomahawk, one of two cruise missile designs being tested by the Navy, was launched yesterday from a submerged torpedo tube off the San Diego coast. 1988 7 Dec. 9/7 The BGM-109G Tomahawk missiles, made by General Dynamics of the US, are carried by ‘transporter-erector launchers’. 1991 11 Mar. 60/1 A Tomahawk cruise missile was launched from the deck of the USS Wisconsin and streaked toward Baghdad. 1998 W. Becker (2000) 382 The brilliant white plume the Tomahawk left looked glorious in the afternoon sky. 2009 34 124 One target was tracked in Somalia and reported killed by Tomahawk cruise missiles from an offshore U.S. naval vessel. 2006 2 Sept. p6/4 Tim Love brings what he calls ‘urban Western’ cuisine from Fort Worth, Texas, to the Big Apple. One example: the Tomahawk chop, a 28-ounce rib. 2008 (Nexis) 7 Sept. h26 Suits can..chow down with a client..on macho bone-in tomahawk steak, wagyu sliders, or potato-crusted halibut. 2010 (Nexis) 11 Dec. 21 His Wagyu tomahawk will be the first time he's sold a steak that tops $100. 2014 P. M. Gianotti 84 The outstanding steaks include an epic tomahawk rib eye for two. Phrases P1. 1705 R. Beverley iii. vii. 27 They use..very ceremonious ways in concluding of Peace..such as burying a Tomahawk.] 1775 G. Gilmer in (1887) 6 80 I..resolve never to bury the Tomahawk untill liberty shall be fixed on an immovable basis thro' the whole Continent. 1866 27 Sept. That gentleman seemed to forget that we were an intelligent people and not savages who dug up the tomahawk for trivial causes. 1930 K. Feiling ii. 55 She could expect little welcome in France unless she buried the tomahawk. 1996 25 July 3 a/1 They agreed to bury the tomahawk forever, and live as friends and brothers. 2012 H. Hickam xxi. 174 Looks like we might have to dig up the tomahawk, do battle with those old creatures. 1775 J. Adair 239 I persuaded the Choktah to take up the bloody tomohawk against those perfidious French. 1791 4 Nov. 1057/2 If we had our senses about us, we should not have taken up the tomahawk on either side. 1806 Z. M. Pike (1810) 86 Grateful that the two nations had laid aside the tomahawk at my request. 1814 H. M. Brackenridge ii. v. 123 They may come here in peace, or for the purpose of trade, but it will be far hence that they will dare to raise the tomahawk. 1906 16 Aug. 1/3 They had better lay down the tomahawk and try and get together. 1946 22 June 1/2 In Boston the OPA took up the tomahawk against black marketeers as butchers gloomily pointed at their bare shelves. 1991 G. F. G. Stanley in J. R. Miller 105 It is not surprising to find both contestants seeking the aid of such Indian warriors as were prepared to take up the tomahawk on their behalf. 1875 J. W. De Forest xiii. 49/2 The wind blew tomahawks; the air was full of small, rustling, keen, needle-like arrows of snow. 1883 R. Gower II. xxvii. 199 The weather is of the most boisterous description; it blows tomahawks and tornadoes. Compounds C1. 1789 ‘Oneirophilos’ 19 The tomahawk knives, Robb'd mothers and innocent babes of their lives. 1856 R. W. Emerson v. 92 They have no Indian taste for a tomahawk-dance. 1873 R. Brown I. 235 Until the tomahawk-blow puts an end to him. 1902 G. S. Whitmore iv. 51 One of our men was..terribly wounded by tomahawk cuts, so as to present the appearance of a crimped fish. 1984 9 55 If these items are interpreted as tomahawk blades, their occurrence as burial offerings should encourage the evaluation of the individuals they are associated with as warriors of superior rank. 2006 S. M. Stirling x. 220 The blade of the machete struck the fire-hardened wood of the tomahawk shaft. 2016 (Nexis) 27 Aug. 20 We have a box of old hammer and tomahawk heads that need new handles. 1778 VIII. 86 The most violent, scalping, tomahawk measures. 1837 3 June 121/3 Forrest has encountered some tomahawk critics since his return to London. 1849 C. Brontë I. x. 250 Of whose observant faculties and tomahawk tongues Caroline stood in awe. 2010 A. Biney & A. Olukoshi p. xx Taju's tomahawk tongue pierced reality. C2. 1975 27 Feb. 19/3 When the regulars weren't plowing past the helpless Knicks it was Paul Westphal with his famous ‘Tomahawk dunk’ with 14 points and five assists. 1994 (Nexis) 27 Aug. c1 7-foot-6 center Shawn Bradley pulled down a rebound, dribbled the length of the court, and threw down a vicious tomahawk dunk. 2013 A. Owumi & D. Paisner iv. 96 Griffin was a force of nature.., grabbing rebounds with one hand, driving the lane and spinning and throwing down one of his tomahawk dunks. 1803 J. Haywood Let. 14 Mar. in (1924) I. 374 Mr. Grove said that pre-emption rights were reserved or granted; and I understood from Sibly's Letter, that there were many Tomahawk-Improvements. 1835 J. Hall I. iii. 194 Those who wished to secure favourite tracts of land, chose to buy the tomahawk improvements, rather than quarrel with those who had made them. 1992 A. W. Eckert Prol. 39 He made his mark on boundary trees—tomahawk improvements, they were called—and claimed the land as his own. 1864 28 Jan. 7/2 A chip from the Beech Tree Forks..showing the tomahawk marks of Daniel Boone, which was the corner tree and starting point for his claim to lands in Kentucky. 1896 20 Feb. 1/2 A. R. Fulton visited the site in 1869 and found portions of skeletons mercilessly indented with tomahawk marks, and other relics of the battle. 1904 E. E. Sparks I. iii. 61 The first State to be created out of the public domain, with definite land surveys instead of tomahawk marks. 2001 O. P. Williams 7 Boundary markers could be trees, streams, or tomahawk marks. 1821 Sept. 139/2 The men pulled their tomahawk pipes from their mouths. 1918 17 65 The ethnological collections in this room contain examples of steel and brass tomahawk pipes. 2006 31 176 At least one iron tomahawk pipe has been recovered from a Potawatomi habitation site. 1826 B. Disraeli I. ii. i. 82 You'll not forget the receipt you promised me for making tomahawk punch. 1869 Sept. 210/2 He laid in..a plentiful supply of whisky..lemons, and brown sugar. These he compounded into a drink which he appropriately called ‘tomahawk punch’. 1884 30 Dec. Tomahawk punch is a London mixture of champagne, green tea, and curacoa. As the name would imply it goes straight to the head. 1962 4 Oct. 15/6 Refreshments of sloppy joes, potato chips, teepee cake and tomahawk punch were served. 1787 J. Harmar Let. 7 Aug. in W. H. Smith (1882) II. 29 Many of General Clarke's militia..had cast their eyes on choice lands, and I am informed had made what they called tomahawk rights. 1849 H. Howe 373 There was, at an early period of our settlements, an inferior kind of land title denominated a ‘tomahawk right’, which was made by deadening a few trees near the head of a spring, and marking the bark..with the initials of the name of the person who made the improvement. 2010 118 110 Tomahawk rights were based loosely on the surveyor practice of blazing territorial boundary markers onto trees, but settlers adapted it to their ad hoc and imprecise system for rapidly claiming land. 1788 M. Cutler Jrnl. 15 Sept. in W. P. Cutler & J. P. Cutler (1888) I. 425 Stopped and breakfasted at a little clump of houses on the Indian side. They were tomahawk settlers. 1967 L. Reed iii. 38 Fort Neal at Parkersburg on the Ohio River was built in 1785, though there were tomahawk settlers nearby as early as 1770. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, January 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). tomahawkv. Brit. /ˈtɒməhɔːk/, U.S. /ˈtɑməˌhɔk/, /ˈtɑməˌhɑk/, Australian English /ˈtɔməˌhɔːk/, New Zealand English /ˈtɒməˌhɔːk/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: tomahawk n. the world > life > death > killing > killing by specific method > kill [verb (transitive)] > by blow(s) the world > health and disease > ill health > injury > injure [verb (transitive)] > wound > wound with sharp weapon society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > cut of sharp weapon > cut or penetrate (of weapon) [verb (transitive)] > strike with tomahawk 1711 A. Spotswood Let. 15 Oct. in (1886) I. 813 The Baron de Graftenried who by our advices was still alive but supposed only reserved for a more solemn execution, to be tomahawked and tortured at their first publick War Dances. 1769 14–16 Sept. 1/4 By six Indians, the man and woman were tomahawked and scalped. 1829 D. Jerrold ii. ii. 29 He's rowing alongside her with muffled oars, to cut her cable!—I'll tomahawk his rigging for him! 1889 H. H. Romilly 74 They..were treacherously tomahawked. 1911 2 Feb. (headline) Husband charged with tomahawking his wife. 1992 H. N. Schwarzkopf i. 5 I took a hammer from the kitchen drawer, went into my sisters' room, and tomahawked their dolls, punching a neat round hole in each one's forehead. 2017 (Nexis) 12 Mar. mb3 A French Jesuit missionary, who was later tomahawked by Native Americans. 2. figurative and in figurative contexts. Cf. tomahawk n. 3. the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > hindering completely or preventing > hinder completely or prevent [verb (transitive)] > thwart or foil 1773 i. 4 But hark! 'tis mute—but do it's Vibrings cease? Don't these remain, and tomohawk your Peace? 1832 26 Jan. 3/2 The Legislative Council have..tomahawked Mr. Bidwell's bill for dividing intestate property equally among the children. 1862 1 Feb. 78/1 It [sc. the Bill] entirely tomahawked the old association..which had worked to the approval of the public, and had been admired by visitors from all parts of the world. 1921 12 Mar. 453/2 The administration at Washington during the war issued a daily official organ..; but Congress tomahawked it at the first opportunity, and there was nowhere in evidence any voice of protest. 1960 F. Stanley i. i. 23 Far from uniting the Democratic Party, he tomahawked it, down to the very roots. 1990 B. Burrough & J. Helyar xvi. 444 First Boston had crawled upward..only to be tomahawked by Chase Manhattan's senior credit officer. 2000 T. Robbins 57 The instant elitism became a dirty word among Americans, any potential for a high culture to develop in their country was tomahawked in its cradle. the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > criticism > criticize [verb (transitive)] > severely 1815 ‘Agrestis’ xlv. 47 [She] tomahawks me with sharp words. 1895 19 June 6/2 Her second daughter, Lady Charlotte,..wrote the book which Thackeray tomahawked. 1928 11 Feb. 12/5 His brutality in ‘tomahawking’ Harriet Martineau in the Quarterly because..she had the audacity and the shamelessness to treat the population question. 1986 17 May 36/6 When the urge to tomahawk the opposition is restrained Mr Tebbit can be oddly genial and engaging. 2010 www.houseofhaironline.com 10 June (Internet Archive Wayback Machine 15 June 2010) Do you think the critics tomahawked Dancing Undercover a little too much back then? the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > sheep-farming > sheep-shearing > shear sheep [verb (transitive)] > manner, technique, or part 1859 H. Kingsley II. iii. 25 Shearers were very scarce, and the poor sheep got fearfully ‘tomahawked’ by the new hands. 1872 C. H. Eden iv. 96 Some men never get the better of this habit, but ‘tomahawk’ as badly after years of practice as when they first began. 1895 A. B. Paterson (1896) 162 The novice who..had tommyhawked half a score. 1911 17 July 6/6 I only have to tomahawk a few sheep, and you would send me off anyhow. 1982 P. Adam Smith 278 The Sweat Lover says he'll tell the Cocky if I tomahawk another. society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > baseball > play baseball [verb (transitive)] > actions of batter 1978 8 Oct. d3/3 Otis tomahawked a high pitch. 1982 (Nexis) 28 Oct. The Jays passed the afternoon manfully attacking that slider and trying to tomahawk the fastball. 1998 K. J. Veroni & R. Brazier viii. 89/2 The batter keeps her hands down and the barrel up, tomahawking the ball. 2014 D. Jeter & P. Mantell 47 The next pitch came in high, and Derek reached up and tomahawked it. Derivatives the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > criticism > [noun] > severe the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > criticism > [adjective] > severely 1777 Dec. 683/1 They refuse to be partners with the scalping and tomahawking savages in America. 1813 29 Mar. This barbarism, this, we know not what to call it, this literary tomahawking, this murder of rhyme and reason. 1833 9 Apr. 2/1 We have not a tomahawking article in the whole number. 1886 2 Oct. 6/1 My father,..noticing that the sheep were particularly badly shorn, remarked to the manager that ‘it was mere tomahawking’. 1909 (Univ. of Boston School of Educ.) 69 545/1 He would like to be a whooping, blood-curdling, tomahawking Indian, which is the proper attitude for a growing, healthy boy. 1956 28 35 Poe ended the review by announcing that he was throwing Ward's book to the pigs. Almost at the same time that this tomahawking occurred, Poe for the first time reached for Lewis Clark's head. 2014 (Nexis) 18 May 34 Some of Jogues' digits were chewed off by a member of another tribe, the Mohawks, before more tortures and an eventual tomahawking. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, January 2018; most recently modified version published online March 2022). <  n.c1612 v.1711 |