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单词 toadstool
释义

toadstooln.

Brit. /ˈtəʊdstuːl/, U.S. /ˈtoʊdˌstul/
Forms: see toad n. and stool n.
Etymology: < toad n. + stool n. a fanciful name; compare Scots paddo' stool.
a. A fungus having a round disk-like top and a slender stalk, a mushroom.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > fungi > [noun] > fungus, mushroom, or toadstool
froga1398
fungea1398
toadstool1398
paddock-stoola1400
padstoola1400
toad's hatc1440
paddockcheesea1500
campernoyle1527
fungus1527
frogstool1535
bruche1562
fungo1562
champignon1578
toadstool1607
toad's bread1624
canker1640
fung1665
fungoid1734
agaric1777
pixie stool1787
fungillus1794
toad's capa1825
fungal1836
hysterophyte1849
macrofungus1946
α.
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum xvi. xxxi. (Tollem. MS.) It setteþ drye tadstoles a fyre.
1483 Cath. Angl. 377/1 A Tade stole, boletus, fungus.
1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 261 Them that are sicke with eating of venimous Tadstooles or Mousheroms.
1594 T. Bowes tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. II. 97 Soft and like to the substance of a tad-stoole.
1601 Bp. W. Barlow Serm. Paules Crosse Martij 1600 50 Like the growth of a Tadstoole..a night's conceit, but vanished in the morning.
β. 1495 Trevisa's Barth. De P.R. (W. de W.) xvii. cxxiv Yf perys ben sodde wyth tode stoles they take awaye fro them all greyf and malyce.1519 W. Horman Vulgaria ix. f. 101v Tode stolys, that be gethered from the tree be good to eate.1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 281/2 Tode stole, eschampignon.1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball Pref. Dark doctores..which soddenly lyke todestolles stert vp Phisiciones.1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 29v A todstole..in a birche or a walnut tre, where of som make tunder.1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 52 The Mushrom or Toadstoole..hath two sundrie kinds,..for the one may be eaten: the other is not to be eaten.1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Dec. 69 The grieslie Todestoole growne there mought I se And loathed Paddocks lording on the same.1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxii. xxiii. 133 The nearer that a Mushrom or Toadstoole commeth to the colour of a fig hanging upon the tree, the lesse presumption there is that it is venomous.1707 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. 29 Nov. (O.H.S.) II. 76 The Dorians..us'd to write upon Toad-stools.1872 W. Black Strange Adventures Phaeton xxii Moist odour of toadstools and fern.1904 G. K. Chesterton Robert Browning vi. 145 We are akin not only to the stars and flowers, but to the toadstools and the monstrous tropical birds.
b. Popularly restricted to poisonous or inedible fungi, as distinct from edible ‘mushrooms’.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > fungi > [noun] > fungus, mushroom, or toadstool
froga1398
fungea1398
toadstool1398
paddock-stoola1400
padstoola1400
toad's hatc1440
paddockcheesea1500
campernoyle1527
fungus1527
frogstool1535
bruche1562
fungo1562
champignon1578
toadstool1607
toad's bread1624
canker1640
fung1665
fungoid1734
agaric1777
pixie stool1787
fungillus1794
toad's capa1825
fungal1836
hysterophyte1849
macrofungus1946
the world > plants > particular plants > plants perceived as weeds or harmful plants > poisonous or harmful plants > harmful or parasitic fungi > [noun] > poisonous fungi
toad-cheese14..
toadstool1607
fairy mushroom1884
destroying angel1887
1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 260 The rennet is also commendable against Hemlocke, or toad-stoole.
1805 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 14 573 Toad stools and other species of the fungus kind are frequently eaten for mushrooms.
1859 All Year Round 3 Sept. 437 The delicious mushroom, the poisonous toad-stool.
c. figurative (in reference to its rapid growth and short duration: cf mushroom).
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > duration > shortness or brevity in time > swift movement of time > [noun] > transience > transient thing or being
shadowa1272
breathc1275
cloudc1384
cherry-fair1393
transitorya1500
fume1531
forwhilea1557
flitter1623
ephemeran1643
daysman1658
transient1660
fugitive1683
transiency1728
ephemera1751
ephemeron1771
perishable1822
toadstool1823
evanescence1830
a sometime thing1935
the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > newness or novelty > [noun] > that which is new > something of sudden appearance or short duration
toadstool1823
1823 W. Cobbett Rural Rides in Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 6 Sept. 592 This little toad-stool is a thing created entirely by the gamble; and the means have, hitherto, come out of the wages of labour.
1901 Daily News 2 Mar. 3/4 Some of the houses that were too solidly built to burn were blown up. Away off on a flank you would see a huge toadstool of dust, rocks, and rafters rise solemnly into the air and then subside in a heap of débris.

Compounds

attributive and in other combinations, as toadstool-eater, toadstool-eating, toadstool-growth; toadstool-like adj.
ΚΠ
1886 P. Robinson Valley Teetotum Trees 137 Some of these penny-reading toadstool-eaters would even turn a toad off its stool to eat its seat.
1887 W. D. Hay Elem. Text-bk. Brit. Fungi Pref. 6 So far as ‘toadstool eating’ goes, I believe I have a right to speak with authority, since my own gastronomic experiments have been many, frequent, and varied.
1892 Antidote 20 Sept. 303 Wretched sects of toadstool growth, which spring up, fester and die out around us.
1903 Westm. Gaz. 30 Jan. 2/1 A writing-table (in the North Room) with numerous toadstool-like projections..whose ugliness and inconvenience are only too obvious.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

toadstoolv.

Etymology: < toadstool n.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈtoadstool.
rare.
intransitive. To grow up like a toadstool; to expand or increase rapidly and objectionably. Cf. mushroom v. 5.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > extension in space > expansion or enlargement > expand or enlarge [verb (intransitive)] > rapidly
fungus1841
mushroom1903
toadstool1939
the world > relative properties > quantity > increase in quantity, amount, or degree > [verb (intransitive)] > rapidly or sharply
jump-up1890
skyrocket1895
toadstool1939
balloon1946
mushroom1951
ramp1980
1939 R. Campbell Flowering Rifle i. 14 As limply fungoid in the idle rich As when it grimly toadstools from a ditch.
1971 M. McCarthy Birds of Amer. 60 New little houses had toadstooled; they passed a trailer camp.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online June 2019).
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n.1398v.1939
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