tourmalinen.

Brit.

/ˈtʊəməliːn/,

/ˈtʊəməlɪn/,

/ˈtɔːməliːn/,

/ˈtɔːməlɪn/, U.S.

/ˈtʊrmələn/,

/ˈtʊrməˌlin/

Forms: Also tour-, turmalin, turmaline, ( tormaline).

Etymology: = French tourmaline (1771 in Lict. Trev.), German turmalin (1707, Garmann), Dutch toermalijn (1778), Italian tormalina, Spanish turmalina; all ultimately < Sinhalese tòramalli, according to Clough ‘a general name for the cornelian’. The origin of the European final -n(e is obscure: compare mandarin, talapoin, etc. The better (18th cent.) English spelling was tour-, turmalin; the spelling -ine is in imitation of French, in which the e merely supports the n.

Mineralogy.

a. A brittle pyro-electric mineral, occurring in crystals, also massive, compact, and columnar, originally obtained from Ceylon (Sri Lanka); a complex silicoborate with a vitreous lustre, usually black or blackish and opaque (schorl n.), but also blue (indicolite n.), red (rubellite n.), green, or colourless, and in various rich transparent or semi-transparent shades, known as precious tourmaline, and much used as a gem. Also formerly called, from its electrical properties, ash-drawer, Dutch aschentrecker, German aschenzieher, French tire-cendre.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > cyclosilicates > [noun] > tourmaline

ash-stone1760

tourmaline1760

ash-drawer1802

tourmalinite1896

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > tourmaline > [noun]

tourmaline1825

1760 B. Wilson in Philos. Trans. 1759 (Royal Soc.) 51 308 I have the pleasure to communicate to you some experiments made upon the Tourmalin, or Ashstone.

1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature I. 440 The tourmaline is a variety of the schoerl.

1798 M. Edgeworth & R. L. Edgeworth Pract. Educ. II. xxi. 559 Dr. Heberden recollected to have seen..a small electrical stone called tourmalin.

1799 R. Kirwan Geol. Ess. 121 All..lose some part of their weight when exposed to a strong heat..; turmaline loses 15 per cent.

1812 H. Davy Elements Chem. Philos. 131 There is a stone..called tourmaline, which is sometimes crystallized as a nine-sided prism, terminated by a three-sided and a six-sided pyramid.

1825 R. Heber Jrnl. 18 Sept. in Narr. Journey Upper Provinces India (1828) II. xxvii. 260 The topaz, ruby, tormaline, diamond, and various others.

1853 T. Ross tr. A. von Humboldt Personal Narr. Trav. Amer. III. xxxii. 382 The granite is traversed by..veins..abounding with rock-crystal, black tourmalin, and pyrites.

1866 J. Ruskin Ethics of Dust ix. 179 This black thing,..one of the prettiest of the very few pretty black things in the world, is called ‘Tourmaline’.

1888 F. Rutley Rock-forming Minerals 38 A plate of tourmaline cut parallel to the principal axis.

b. With a and plural. A specimen or gem of this mineral; also a transparent plate of tourmaline cut parallel to the vertical crystal axis, used in polariscopes, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > instruments to refract, etc., light > [noun] > polariscope > parts of

tourmaline1816

analyser1833

polarizer1837

biquartz1878

biplate1890

1816 P. Cleaveland Elem. Treat. Mineral. & Geol. 261 When a Tourmaline is viewed perpendicularly to the sides of the prism, it is more or less transparent, but, if observed in the direction of the axis, it is opaque.

1843–54 J. Pereira Lect. Polarized Light (ed. 2) 211 If the two tourmalines be crossed the rays are suppressed—if they coincide the rays are transmitted.

1890 Academy 12 Apr. 252/1 It [a bracelet] consists of a broad and heavy band of Californian gold, set with two large tourmalines.

c. (See quot. 1957.)

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > skin or hide > skin with hair attached or fur > [noun] > of mink

mink1431

kolinsky1851

ranch mink1934

Silverblu1941

tourmaline1957

sapphire mink1960

1957 J. H. F. Stevenson Mink in Brit. (ed. 2) 101 Tourmaline, emba [sc. Mutation Mink Breeders of America] brand name for high quality natural pale beige mutation mink skins.

1959 Vogue (U.S. ed.) 1 Oct. 188/2 You'd see the all-important minks..from the very dark ranch mink through the lighter, lovely Emba mutations to the pales, which include a pearly blondness, ‘Tourmaline’.

1959 Official Gaz. (U.S. Patent Office) 27 Oct. tm127 Mutation Mink Breeders Association... Tourmaline. For Mink Fur Pelts. First use Dec. 11, 1956.

1965 P. O'Donnell Modesty Blaise iii. 32 A Dior-designed mink coat in emba tourmaline.

Compounds

attributive and in other combinations, as tourmaline crystal, tourmaline granite, tourmaline mink, tourmaline pendant; tourmaline pincette n., tourmaline tongs n. a simple polariscope, consisting of tongs having a plate of tourmaline mounted in each grasping jaw. tourmaline-rock n., tourmaline-schist n. see quots. 1882¹, 1882².

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > metamorphic rock > [noun] > other metamorphics

quartzite1823

mica-schist1826

amphibolite1833

hornfels1854

phthanite1854

hornblendite1874

psammite1882

tourmaline-rock1882

tourmaline-schist1882

jasperoid1898

skarn1901

metagabbro1904

metabasite1907

verdite1908

rodingite1911

siallite1933

tonstein1961

greenlandite1981

the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > instruments to refract, etc., light > [noun] > polariscope

polariscope1829

polarimeter1843

saccharometer1866

saccharimeter1874

tourmaline pincette1888

tourmaline tongs1888

1843–54 J. Pereira Lect. Polarized Light (ed. 2) 213 The two sets of rays..successively pass through the tourmaline analyzing plate.

1879 F. Rutley Study of Rocks x. 138 The terminations of tourmaline crystals are frequently composed of a great number of faces.

1882 A. Geikie Text-bk. Geol. (1885) 73 Tourmaline..with quartz forms tourmaline-rock.

1882 A. Geikie Text-bk. Geol. (1885) 131 Tourmaline-schist.., a blackish, finely granular, quartzose rock with abundant granules and needles of black tourmaline.

1888 F. Rutley Rock-forming Minerals 59 The tourmaline pincette, or tongs.

1959 Vogue Dec. 25 (advt.) Tourmaline mink coat.

1973 ‘R. Macdonald’ Sleeping Beauty x. 51 Elizabeth Somerville came to the front door in a tourmaline mink which almost matched her blonde head.

Derivatives

tourmaˈlinic adj. pertaining to, of the nature of, or consisting of tourmaline.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > tourmaline > [adjective]

tourmalinic1880

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > cyclosilicates > [adjective] > tourmalinc

tourmalinic1880

1880 J. D. Dana Man. Geol. (ed. 3) 70 Tourmalinic, containing tourmaline.

ˈtourmaliˌnite n. Mineralogy tourmaline.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > cyclosilicates > [noun] > tourmaline

ash-stone1760

tourmaline1760

ash-drawer1802

tourmalinite1896

1896 A. H. Chester Dict. Names Minerals Tourmalinite, variant of tourmaline.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	tourmaline
释义	tourmalinen. Brit. /ˈtʊəməliːn/, /ˈtʊəməlɪn/, /ˈtɔːməliːn/, /ˈtɔːməlɪn/, U.S. /ˈtʊrmələn/, /ˈtʊrməˌlin/ Forms: Also tour-, turmalin, turmaline, ( tormaline). Etymology: = French tourmaline (1771 in Lict. Trev.), German turmalin (1707, Garmann), Dutch toermalijn (1778), Italian tormalina, Spanish turmalina; all ultimately < Sinhalese tòramalli, according to Clough ‘a general name for the cornelian’. The origin of the European final -n(e is obscure: compare mandarin, talapoin, etc. The better (18th cent.) English spelling was tour-, turmalin; the spelling -ine is in imitation of French, in which the e merely supports the n. Mineralogy. a. A brittle pyro-electric mineral, occurring in crystals, also massive, compact, and columnar, originally obtained from Ceylon (Sri Lanka); a complex silicoborate with a vitreous lustre, usually black or blackish and opaque (schorl n.), but also blue (indicolite n.), red (rubellite n.), green, or colourless, and in various rich transparent or semi-transparent shades, known as precious tourmaline, and much used as a gem. Also formerly called, from its electrical properties, ash-drawer, Dutch aschentrecker, German aschenzieher, French tire-cendre. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > cyclosilicates > [noun] > tourmaline ash-stone1760 tourmaline1760 ash-drawer1802 tourmalinite1896 society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > tourmaline > [noun] tourmaline1825 1760 B. Wilson in Philos. Trans. 1759 (Royal Soc.) 51 308 I have the pleasure to communicate to you some experiments made upon the Tourmalin, or Ashstone. 1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature I. 440 The tourmaline is a variety of the schoerl. 1798 M. Edgeworth & R. L. Edgeworth Pract. Educ. II. xxi. 559 Dr. Heberden recollected to have seen..a small electrical stone called tourmalin. 1799 R. Kirwan Geol. Ess. 121 All..lose some part of their weight when exposed to a strong heat..; turmaline loses 15 per cent. 1812 H. Davy Elements Chem. Philos. 131 There is a stone..called tourmaline, which is sometimes crystallized as a nine-sided prism, terminated by a three-sided and a six-sided pyramid. 1825 R. Heber Jrnl. 18 Sept. in Narr. Journey Upper Provinces India (1828) II. xxvii. 260 The topaz, ruby, tormaline, diamond, and various others. 1853 T. Ross tr. A. von Humboldt Personal Narr. Trav. Amer. III. xxxii. 382 The granite is traversed by..veins..abounding with rock-crystal, black tourmalin, and pyrites. 1866 J. Ruskin Ethics of Dust ix. 179 This black thing,..one of the prettiest of the very few pretty black things in the world, is called ‘Tourmaline’. 1888 F. Rutley Rock-forming Minerals 38 A plate of tourmaline cut parallel to the principal axis. b. With a and plural. A specimen or gem of this mineral; also a transparent plate of tourmaline cut parallel to the vertical crystal axis, used in polariscopes, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > instruments to refract, etc., light > [noun] > polariscope > parts of tourmaline1816 analyser1833 polarizer1837 biquartz1878 biplate1890 1816 P. Cleaveland Elem. Treat. Mineral. & Geol. 261 When a Tourmaline is viewed perpendicularly to the sides of the prism, it is more or less transparent, but, if observed in the direction of the axis, it is opaque. 1843–54 J. Pereira Lect. Polarized Light (ed. 2) 211 If the two tourmalines be crossed the rays are suppressed—if they coincide the rays are transmitted. 1890 Academy 12 Apr. 252/1 It [a bracelet] consists of a broad and heavy band of Californian gold, set with two large tourmalines. c. (See quot. 1957.) ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > skin or hide > skin with hair attached or fur > [noun] > of mink mink1431 kolinsky1851 ranch mink1934 Silverblu1941 tourmaline1957 sapphire mink1960 1957 J. H. F. Stevenson Mink in Brit. (ed. 2) 101 Tourmaline, emba [sc. Mutation Mink Breeders of America] brand name for high quality natural pale beige mutation mink skins. 1959 Vogue (U.S. ed.) 1 Oct. 188/2 You'd see the all-important minks..from the very dark ranch mink through the lighter, lovely Emba mutations to the pales, which include a pearly blondness, ‘Tourmaline’. 1959 Official Gaz. (U.S. Patent Office) 27 Oct. tm127 Mutation Mink Breeders Association... Tourmaline. For Mink Fur Pelts. First use Dec. 11, 1956. 1965 P. O'Donnell Modesty Blaise iii. 32 A Dior-designed mink coat in emba tourmaline. Compounds attributive and in other combinations, as tourmaline crystal, tourmaline granite, tourmaline mink, tourmaline pendant; tourmaline pincette n., tourmaline tongs n. a simple polariscope, consisting of tongs having a plate of tourmaline mounted in each grasping jaw. tourmaline-rock n., tourmaline-schist n. see quots. 1882¹, 1882². ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > metamorphic rock > [noun] > other metamorphics quartzite1823 mica-schist1826 amphibolite1833 hornfels1854 phthanite1854 hornblendite1874 psammite1882 tourmaline-rock1882 tourmaline-schist1882 jasperoid1898 skarn1901 metagabbro1904 metabasite1907 verdite1908 rodingite1911 siallite1933 tonstein1961 greenlandite1981 the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > instruments to refract, etc., light > [noun] > polariscope polariscope1829 polarimeter1843 saccharometer1866 saccharimeter1874 tourmaline pincette1888 tourmaline tongs1888 1843–54 J. Pereira Lect. Polarized Light (ed. 2) 213 The two sets of rays..successively pass through the tourmaline analyzing plate. 1879 F. Rutley Study of Rocks x. 138 The terminations of tourmaline crystals are frequently composed of a great number of faces. 1882 A. Geikie Text-bk. Geol. (1885) 73 Tourmaline..with quartz forms tourmaline-rock. 1882 A. Geikie Text-bk. Geol. (1885) 131 Tourmaline-schist.., a blackish, finely granular, quartzose rock with abundant granules and needles of black tourmaline. 1888 F. Rutley Rock-forming Minerals 59 The tourmaline pincette, or tongs. 1959 Vogue Dec. 25 (advt.) Tourmaline mink coat. 1973 ‘R. Macdonald’ Sleeping Beauty x. 51 Elizabeth Somerville came to the front door in a tourmaline mink which almost matched her blonde head. Derivatives tourmaˈlinic adj. pertaining to, of the nature of, or consisting of tourmaline. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > tourmaline > [adjective] tourmalinic1880 the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > cyclosilicates > [adjective] > tourmalinc tourmalinic1880 1880 J. D. Dana Man. Geol. (ed. 3) 70 Tourmalinic, containing tourmaline. ˈtourmaliˌnite n. Mineralogy tourmaline. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > cyclosilicates > [noun] > tourmaline ash-stone1760 tourmaline1760 ash-drawer1802 tourmalinite1896 1896 A. H. Chester Dict. Names Minerals Tourmalinite, variant of tourmaline. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1760
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