tonnagen.
/ˈtʌnɪdʒ/ I. Charge, duty, or payment of so much per tun or ton.† 2. A charge for the hire of a ship of so much a ton (of her burden) per week or month. Obsolete.
1. English History. A tax or duty formerly levied upon wine imported in tuns or casks, at the rate of so much for every tun. Commonly in association with poundage: see poundage n.1 1a.By some historical writers and in some dictionaries written tunnage for distinction's sake, and to emphasize the connection with tun n.1; but tonnage is the more usual form.Tonnage and poundage were first levied in the 14th cent., and were granted for life to several sovereigns, beginning with Edward IV. They were abolished by 27 Geo. III c. 13, in 1787.
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society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > duty on goods > [noun] > on imported goods > on wine imported
tonnage1422
butleragec1503
prisage1505
1422 Rolls of Parl. IV. 173/2 A subsidie of Tonage and Poundage.., that is to sey of every Tunne iii s; and xii d of every Pounde.
c1460 J. Fortescue Governance of Eng. (1885) vi. 123 Pondage and tonnage mey not be rekenned as parcell off the revenues wich the kynge hath ffor the mayntenance off his estate, bi cause it aught to be applied only to þe kepynge off the see.
1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 509 (margin) This is the custome whiche we nowe paye, called Tonnage and poundage.
1640 Pym in J. Rushworth Hist. Coll.: Third Pt. (1692) I. 22 There is First Tunnage and Poundage, and the late new Book of Rates taken by Prerogative, without Grant of Parliament.
1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. iii. 206 Great Complaint had been made, ‘that Tonnage and Poundage’ (which is the duty and subsidy paid by the Merchant upon Trade) ‘had been taken by the King without consent of Parliament’.
1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. viii. 304 Tonnage was a duty upon all wines imported, over and above the prisage and butlerage aforesaid.
1845 J. R. McCulloch Treat. Taxation ii. v. 228 The duties of tonnage and poundage, of which mention is so frequently made in English history, were customs duties.
1875 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. II. xvi. 424 The custom of tunnage and poundage, two shillings on the tun of wine and sixpence on the pound [i.e. pound's worth] of merchandise which had been granted the year before [1371] for the protection of the merchant navy.
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society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > hire or rent > [noun] > for ship or boat
boat hire1423
fraughtc1440
freight1463
tonnage1512
1512 French Wars of 1512–13 (Navy Rec. Soc.) (1897) 5 (Charge of the Marie Roose)..Also for toundage, after 3d. a ton a weke, 500 tons: nihil, quia navis regis.
1512 French Wars of 1512–13 (Navy Rec. Soc.) (1897) 7 Also for toundage of 400 tons: 60l.
1512 French Wars of 1512–13 (Navy Rec. Soc.) (1897) 12 Somme total of the charges of the 22 shippes afore said, as in vitayle, wages, deddeshares and toundage for the first 3 mounthes: 5608l. 2s.
1512 French Wars of 1512–13 (Navy Rec. Soc.) (1897) 34 Toundage after 12d a ton a mounth, for 9 shippes tyght 1790 tons, amountyng for 3 mounthes to 268l. 10s.
c1525 in Archaeologia (1883) 47 335 To David Miller apon the wages and vitailles and tondage of the Vyncent, of Eryth, xxxvij. li. ix. s. iij. d... To Christofer Coo apon wages and vitailles and tonage of diverse shippes, dclxxix. li. vj. s. viij. d.
1587 Spanish War (Navy Rec. Soc.) 237 For tonnage of the 6 ships for 3 months 141 0 0.
3. A charge or payment per ton on cargo or freight; e.g. that payable at any port or wharf, or on a canal; also, sometimes, that received or earned by a railway (quot. 18381).
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society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [noun] > by weight
poundagec1503
tonnage1617
1617 J. Minsheu Ἡγεμὼν είς τὰς γλῶσσας: Ductor in Linguas Tonnage..I haue heard it also a Dutie due to the Mariners for vnloading their shippe arriued in any Hauen, after the rate of euerie Tonne.
a1657 G. Daniel Trinarchodia: Henry IV cccxiv, in Poems (1878) IV. 79 The French..surprised as they stood In harbour, by some English Lords, make out The Tunnage lost, & forfeit stock to boot.
1708 J. C. Compl. Collier 22 in T. Nourse Mistery of Husbandry Discover'd (ed. 3) What other Additions and Allowances of Tunnige for other Wares and Merchandize as are paid at the Ports aforesaid.
1789 Constitution U.S. i. §10 in archives.gov (accessed 18 Dec. 2019) No State shall, without the consent of Congress, lay any Duty of tonnage.
1803 Gazetteer Scotl. at Paisley To defray the expence by a tonnage of 8d. per ton upon all vessels navigating the Cart, except those loaded with coal.
1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Tonnage..a duty, toll or rate payable on goods per tun, transported on canals.
1838 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 1 322/2 It was admitted..that the amount of tonnage received by the Railway Company..was 1,236l. os. 6d. per mile.
1838 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 1 322/2 They would allow..30l. 18s. per mile, or 2½ per cent. for the collection of the tonnage.
II. Carrying capacity, weight, etc., in tons.
4.
a. The internal capacity of a ship expressed in tons of 100 cubic feet (see ton n.1 2) or 2·83 cubic metres.Originally the number of tun casks of wine which a merchant ship could carry. Afterwards estimated by measurements and calculations which gave rough approximations to the actual cubic content (Old Measurement). Later arrived at by measurements of breadth and depth at determinate distances, from which by a mathematical calculation (see Merchant Shipping Acts from 1854 onward, and subsequently Merchant Shipping (Tonnage) Regulations) the cubic content of the space under the tonnage-deck ( under-deck tonnage) is obtained. To this is added the volume of certain specified enclosed spaces above this deck, the result being the gross (register) tonnage. A deduction is made from the latter for those parts of the ship which are deemed to be non-earning, to give the net (register) tonnage or register tonnage, for which vessels are registered, and on which the assessment of dues and charges on shipping is based. Systems of measurement vary from country to country, but there have been moves towards international standardization. The Suez Canal tonnage makes a smaller deduction for engine-space, etc., and approximates more closely to the gross tonnage. deadweight tonnage represents the ship's carrying capacity, expressed in tonnes. displacement tonnage, the weight of water in tonnes displaced by a fully-laden ship, formerly used to express the tonnage of warships; superseded by standard displacement.
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society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel with reference to qualities or attributes > [noun] > attributes of vessel > carrying or cubic capacity
portage1436
burden1555
lastage1571
wastie1600
tonnage1718
grt1911
ton tight-
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel with reference to qualities or attributes > [noun] > attributes of vessel > amount of water displaced
displacement1816
displacement tonnage1888
tonnage-displacement1888
1718 R. Steele Fish-pool 170 There is a great difference between a shipwright's and merchant's way of calculating the tonnage of a ship.
1718 R. Steele Fish-pool 170 The shipwright's way is to multiply the length of the keel by the middle-breadth, and that product by half the breadth and then they divide the last product by 94, and the quotient is the tunnage.
1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson iii. vii. 354 The duty..paid by ships..according to their tunnage.
1751 C. Labelye Descr. Westm. Bridge 86 Of more Tonnage or Capacity than a Man of War of 40 Guns.
1836 W. Irving Astoria III. 133 Coasting vessels..of small tonnage and draft of water, fitted for coasting service.
1838 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 1 384/2 She is 271 tons old measurement,..and has 99 ft. 9 in. [length] for tonnage.
1858 E. B. Tinling in Mercantile Marine Mag. 5 306 She had a registered American tonnage of 1035, corresponding with 997 British.
1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 442/2 There are three terms used in respect of the tonnage of ships,—namely, tonnage under decks, gross tonnage, and register tonnage... In obtaining the tonnage under tonnage deck, ships are divided in respect of their length into five classes.
1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 443 This formula is also applicable for finding displacement tonnage of ships, that is, the external displacement measured by taking transverse areas to the height of the load water-line to find the cubic content, which divided by 35 gives the displacement in tons weight.
1894 Pall Mall Mag. Nov. 388 Gross tonnage means a vessel's actual burthen;..registered tonnage is her burthen when the capacity of all the space in which cargo is not carried has been deducted.
b. figurative. (Used of mental capacity or bodily size.)
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1807 J. Beresford Miseries Human Life II. i. 8 To settle the comparative tonnage of their minds.
1869 ‘M. Twain’ Innocents Abroad ii. 27 A dignitary of that tonnage.
1897 C. M. Flandrau Harvard Episodes 323 A person, female, aged—say forty-five; of abundant tonnage and affable manners.
5. transferred. Ships collectively, shipping (in relation to their carrying capacity, or together with the merchandise carried by them).
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society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > [noun] > collectively
navya1375
navire1429
vessel1436
navinc1480
navigation?1589
shipping1591
water carriage1612
tonnage1633
craft1644
marine1669
1633 T. Stafford Pacata Hibernia (1821) ii. xxiv. 443 Victuals, and tonnage for the victualling and transporting of three thousand and two hundred men.
1748 in J. Hanway Hist. Acct. Brit. Trade Caspian Sea (1753) II. xvii. 98 He should not otherwise be able to give us any tonnage.
1808 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1837) IV. 24 If the additional Tonnage does not arrive tomorrow, I shall settle to leave behind the veteran battalion or the 36th.
1809 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1838) V. 212 To send to Lisbon that part of the coppered tonnage of the country which can be spared from service elsewhere.
1833 H. Martineau Messrs. Vanderput & Snoek i. 16 The tonnage of this country is more than half that of all Europe.
1845 H. H. Wilson Hist. Brit. India 1805–35 I. viii. 515 The amount of tonnage then provided for the private trade had never been fully occupied.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 484 The tonnage [of Brixham] exceeds many times the tonnage of the port of Liverpool under the kings of the House of Stuart.
1858 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia I. iii. xviii. 351 The Friedrich-Wilhelm's Canal..still carries tonnage from the Oder to the Spree.
1898 Daily News 14 Feb. 9/5 An inadequate supply of tonnage has prevented the shipments coastwise being carried on on the large scale which the demand would undoubtedly warrant.
1909 Daily Chron. 22 Jan. 1/3 The tonnage built in German yards amounted to only 201,000, against 311,000 in 1907 and 338,000 in 1906.
6.
a. Weight in tons. rare.
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the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > [noun] > unit or denomination of weight > ton > weight in tons
tonnage1793
1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) Contents 7 Tonnage of the Stone.
1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) Contents 8 The Moorstone considered as ballast. Its tonnage.
b. Weight of (iron or other heavy merchandise) in the market.
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1898 Daily News 14 Feb. 9/5 Production has..been curtailed with a view to raising prices, but no impression is made upon the tonnage on offer, the Lancashire and Welsh makers being serious rivals.
7. Mode of reckoning the ton of cargo for freightage.
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society > travel > travel by water > transportation by water > [noun] > cargo > mode of reckoning ton of cargo
tonnage1913
1913 Handbk. Conference of W.I. Atlantic S.S. Comps., Genl. Regulations All goods to be freighted at actual measurement, or at actual gross weight, which ever tonnage be the greater..the measurement to be taken at 40 cubic feet to the ton, and the weight at 2240 pounds or 1000 kilos to the ton.
Compounds
C1. General attributive.
tonnage bounty n.
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1837 J. R. McCulloch Statist. Acct. Brit. Empire II. iii. iii. 25 A high tonnage bounty was granted upon every buss fitted out for the deep sea fishery.
tonnage capacity n.
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1901 Munsey's Mag. 24 463/2 Commercial competition demanded that tonnage capacity should be secondary to speed.
tonnage due n.
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1834 Tait's Edinb. Mag. New Ser. 1 71/2 At present the orders in Council fix 2s. for the tonnage dues [in China], and 7s. per cent. on the export and import cargo.
1847 J. R. McCulloch Descr. & Statist. Acct. Brit. Empire (ed. 3) II. iii. v. 65 The tonnage dues and other revenues being generally insufficient to defray the ordinary expenditure.
tonnage duty n.
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1697–8 Act 9 Will. III c. 37 (title) Annuities..payable out of Tunnage Duties.
1801 A. Hamilton in N.-Y. Evening Post 24 Dec. 3/1 Rather let the tonnage duty on American vessels be abolished.
tonnage length n.
tonnage money n.
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1705 C. Wren Let. in Notes & Queries (1863) 3rd Ser. IV. 103/2 I am sorry Mr. Wood has pd you the Tunnage-money, but..I shal endeavor that you be made to refund it.
tonnage tax n.
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1882 D. A. Wells Our Merchant Marine vii. 179 Tonnage-taxes on shipping are not levied by Great Britain, nor, it is believed, by any other of the maritime states of Europe, except Spain. Prior to the war, also, there were no tonnage-taxes in the United States.
1899 Daily News 19 Aug. 6/6 The challenging yacht is subject to tonnage tax, and must enter and clear at the Custom House like a regular merchant vessel.
C2.
tonnage annuity n. a government annuity payable out of the proceeds of tonnage duties: see Act 5 & 6 Will. & Mary, 1694, c. 20 §§16–18.
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1698 London Gaz. No. 3374/4 The Purchasers may satisfie the Purchase-Money by Arrears, incurred..on the Tunnage-Annuities or by Lottery-Tickets, which became due within the same Time on the Salt Act.
tonnage-cheater n. term applied to a vessel built so as to cheat the rules for tonnage measurement, esp. a yacht with a ‘dog's-leg’ stern-post, by which its length was diminished.
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society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > pleasure vessel > [noun] > yacht > types of yacht
steam-yacht1812
skimmer1844
schooner-yacht1876
cruiser1879
keel1883
skimming-dish1884
cutter-yacht1885
bulb-keel1893
keel-boat1893
forty1894
half-rater1894
forty-tonner1895
one-designer1897
raceabout1897
forty-footer1902
sonder1907
star1911
tonnage-cheater1912
scow1929
tabloid1930
Yngling1969
maxi yacht1974
1912 Du Boulay Compl. Yachtsman 474 Many yachtsmen attributed her [a yacht's] success to her evading the rule of length-measurement, and she was [1874] commonly known as a ‘tonnage-cheater’.
tonnage-deck n. in a ship, the second deck from above in all vessels of two or more decks; the only deck in a vessel of one deck.
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society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > part of vessel above water > [noun] > deck > upper deck
weather-deck1850
tonnage-deck1888
upper1938
1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 442/2 In obtaining the gross measurement the space under the tonnage deck is first measured; then the space or spaces, if any, between the tonnage deck and the upper deck.
tonnage-displacement n. = displacement tonnage at sense 4a, in 4.
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society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel with reference to qualities or attributes > [noun] > attributes of vessel > amount of water displaced
displacement1816
displacement tonnage1888
tonnage-displacement1888
1888 Daily News 8 Sept. 2/1 The smaller of the two ironclads will be named the Texas... Her tonnage displacement is 6,300, and she will steam about 17 knots.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online September 2021).
tonnagev.
1. transitive. To impose tonnage upon (see tonnage n. 1).
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society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > duty on goods > imposition or collecting of duties on goods > exact duty on [verb (transitive)]
toll1399
custom1474
tonnage1644
excise1652
tariff1828
1644 J. Milton Areopagitica 17 Nothing..but what passes through the custom-house of certain Publicans that have the tunaging and the poundaging of all free spok'n truth.
2. To have a tonnage of (so much): see tonnage n. 4.
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society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel with reference to qualities or attributes > have qualities or attributes [verb (transitive)] > have certain carrying capacity
stow1615
tonnage1850
1850 H. T. Cheever Whale & his Captors i. 27 Six hundred and fifty ships, barks, brigs, and schooners, tonnaging two hundred thousand tons.
1874 C. M. Scammon Marine Mammals N. Amer. 241 Sixteen vessels, which tonnaged in the aggregate 1,871 tons.
Derivatives
ˈtonnaging n. figurative
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1644 [see sense 1].
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1913; most recently modified version published online June 2019).
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