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tonofilament
tonofilament n. 
/ˌtɒnə(ʊ)ˈfɪləm(ə)nt/, /ˈtəʊnə(ʊ)fɪləm(ə)nt/, /ˌtəʊnə(ʊ)ˈfɪləm(ə)nt/, /ˌtoʊnoʊˈfɪləm(ə)nt/, /ˈtɑnoʊˌfɪləm(ə)nt/, /ˌtɑnoʊˈfɪləm(ə)nt/ Histology one of the minute supportive or non-contractile filaments that occur aggregated into networks in the cytoplasm of many epithelial cells, esp. in the epidermis.
Brit. /ˈtɒnə(ʊ)fɪləm(ə)nt/
, /ˈtɒnə(ʊ)fɪləm(ə)nt//ˌtɒnə(ʊ)ˈfɪləm(ə)nt//ˈtəʊnə(ʊ)fɪləm(ə)nt//ˌtəʊnə(ʊ)ˈfɪləm(ə)nt/U.S. /ˈtoʊnoʊˌfɪləm(ə)nt/
, /ˈtoʊnoʊˌfɪləm(ə)nt//ˌtoʊnoʊˈfɪləm(ə)nt//ˈtɑnoʊˌfɪləm(ə)nt//ˌtɑnoʊˈfɪləm(ə)nt/ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > substance > cell > cell substance > [noun] > protoplasm or cytoplasm > structure or substance in cytoplasm
microsome1881
myoneme1893
tonofibril1901
Holmgren1921
tonofibrilla1925
cytoskeleton1936
protofibril1948
protofilament1960
microfilament1963
tonofilament1964
cytosol1965
1964 Jrnl. Investigative Dermatol. 43 278/1 In pemphigus vulgaris, a severe necrotizing injury of unknown etiology leads to complete destruction of the tonofilaments with ensuing loss of desmosomes.
1978 Sci. Amer. May 145/1 The tonofilaments are not contractile but seem to form a tensile, structural framework for the cell cytoplasm.
1980 Nature 17 Jan. 249/1 Electron microscopy shows that bundles of keratin tonofilaments often terminate in membrane-bound desmosomes.
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